Northern

Philippines
WEEK 3
PHILIPPINE TOURISM GEOGRAPHY AND CULTURE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suGaBn_KvT0
Cordillera Administrative Region
History
• Region’s name originate from the Spanish term meaning a chain of mountain.
• La Montanosa, the original name of the region
 • Bordered by the Ilocos Region in the west and southwest, and by the Cagayan Valley on the north, east, and

Geographical
southeast.

Characteristics
• The region is primarily mountainous, positioned in the Cordillera Central mountain range, which includes
Mount Pulag, the highest mountain in Luzon
Geographical
Characteristics
• Compose of 6 provinces and two composite cities
Culture
• The Cordillera region is the most diversified ethno-linguistic region in the Philippines with its major
languages having sub-dialect variations, including:

Ilokano Tagalog
Kankanaey Ibaloi
Itneg Kalinga
Kalanguya Ifugao
Isneg
 Culture
• CAR is the home to numerous indigenous tribes:
• Igorot, or Cordillerans
• The collective name of several Austronesian ethnic groups who
inhabited the mountains of Luzon.
• Highland people/ Mountain people
• Etymology: Derived from the archaic Tagalog term i-"dweller of" and
golot, "mountain range"
 Culture
• Other indigenous tribes includes:
• Bontocs (Mountain Province)
• Ibaloi and Kalanguya (Benguet)
• Ifugao/ Amganad/ Kiangan
• Isnag (Apayao)
• Tinguian/ Itneg
• Kalinga/ Limos-Liwan Kalinga
• Kankanaey (Mountainn Province/ Benguet)
Major Industries
• Agriculture - Benguet, as the “Salad Bowl of the Philippines” is the leading producer of Baguio beans, lettuce, cauliflower,
cabbage, and variety of cut flowers.
• Mining - Benguet is top gold producer of the Philippines.
- There are 4 large mining facilities operating in the province: Philex, Benguet, Itogon & Lepanto
-Mineral Resources include Gold Silver Copper Pyrite Limestone Clay Guano Rock Phosphate
Region 1- Ilocos Region
 Geographical
Characteristics

• Located in the northwest of Luzon, bordering to the Cordilleran

Region and Cagayan Valley and to the south the region of Central
Luzon. To the northwest is the South China Sea.
Geographical
Characteristics

• It has four provinces

 Geographical
Characteristics
• The Lingayen Gulf is also a notable body of water in
the region (in Pangasinan to be exact) which houses
the Hundred Islands National Park – a famous tourist
destination in the region – while the Luzon Strait is
found to the north of the Ilocos Region.
Culture
• Ilocano speakers compose 66% of the region, Pangasinan speakers are 27%, and Tagalog compose 3%
• Ilokano Etymology: i – “FROM” and looc– “BAY”
• Food: Bagoong, Pinakbet
• Literature: Biag ni Lamang.
Culture
• Pangasinense
• Etymology: "land of salt" or "place of salt-making"; it is derived from asin, the word for "salt" in the Pangasinan language
Major Industries

• The major industries in the region include:

• Crop production
• Fishing
• Mining
• Manufacturing
• Tourism
Region 2 -Cagayan Valley
Region
 • Bounded to the west by the Cordilleran Range, to the east by the Sierra Madre and
Geographical
to the north by the Luzon Strait
Characteristics
• The Valley is dissected by the Cagayan River, the longest river and largest basin in
the country, also known as the Rio Grande de Cagayan.
Geographical
Characteristics
Culture
• Languages in the province are Ybanag, Ytawit, Malaweg, and Ilocano.
• Industries in the region includes: Agriculture Fishing Forestry Tourism
• Philippine’s Tilapia Capital
• Isabela is the 10th richest province in the Philippines as of 2020 and most populated in region (PSA, 2020)
• The Cagayan Valley is endowed with rich mineral resources that has generally remained untapped including Iron, Coal, Clay,
Natural Gas, to name few.
Culture
• Ethnic groups includes the ff..:
• Ibanags / Ybanag / Ibanak which means “THE" and Bannagmeaning “RIVER”.
• Settlement: Cagayan, Isabela and Nueva Vizcaya.
• Language: Ibanag language
• Gaddang , Ga meaning “HEAT“; dang meaning “BURNED” Division: Christianized Highlanders
• Settlements: (Kalinga, Apayao, Isabela, Cagayan)
• Ivatans
• Settlement: Batanes
• Physical Attributes: “short, squat people; hazel eyes; low foreheads; thick eyebrows; short low noses; white teeth; black thick hair; and very dark,
coppercolored skin.“
 Region 3-
Central Luzon
 Geographical
Characteristics

• Bordering it are the regions of Ilocos, Cordillera and

Cagayan Valley to the north; NCR and
CALABARZON to the south; South China Sea to the
west; and the Philippine Sea to the east
Geographical Features
Geographical Characteristics
• Mount Pinatubo- erupted in 1991 that affected the entire region.
• Central Luzon is rich in timber and mineral resources. Both metallic and non metallic resources are found in the region
like: Copper, Chromites, and Gold Marble.
Culture
• The Central Luzon languages are:
• Kapampangan
• Sambalic languages
• Sinauna/ Dumagat
• Tagalog
• Ilokano
Culture
• Major industries include: Agriculture, Industrial, Fishing, Mining and Tourism.
• Region’s total land area is devoted to agricultural purposes with rice as the major crop. It produces one third of the
country’s rice supply.
• The region contains the largest plain in the country. It is known as the “Rice Bowl of the Philippines” because it produces
most of the country’s rice supply.
• Central Luzon is a major trading center of the country. The two former U.S. bases, the Clark Air Force Base in Pampanga
and Subic Naval Base in Zambales, are now special economic zones.
• This resulted to 2 international airports, Clark and Subic, both an alternative hub of the country.
Culture
• Kapampangans -Sixth largest ethnic group
• Etymology: Pampang which means “RIVER BANK”
• Settlements: Pampanga
• Sambals is a Malay word sembah- “to worship”
• Settlement: Zambales
• Speaks Sambalic languages, most closely related to Kapampagan
Region 4A
CALABARZON
Geographical
Characteristics
Geographical Characteristics
• formally known as Southern Tagalog Mainland
• Taal Volacano, Makiling and Mount Banahaw, are all active volcanoes in the region.
• In the region of Calabarzon, the provinces of Cavite, Laguna, and Rizal straddle the East and West Valley Fault. Moreover,
Batangas is near Lubang Fault while Quezon has Infanta Fault.
• Laguna de Bay he largest lake in the Philippines.
History
• CALABARZON or Region 4A (sometimes written with the Roman numeral as REGION IV-A), is what became of the other
half when in 2002, Southern Tagalog (Region 4) was split into two.

• Also considered as a Historical Capital being the cradle of Revolution and birthplace of Independence (Cavite)
• Also notable as the birthplace of the country’s National hero Dr. Jose Rizal (Laguna) and other noble heroes (Batangas)
Culture
• An agriculture province and its major crops include rice, vegetables, fruits, rootcrops, coffee, coconut and sugarcane. It is the
largest producer of coconut in the country (Quezon).
• Major dialect includes Tagalog and Chavacano.
• Known also for their crafts like barong, paper mache, wood carves, graments, paintings and balisong.
• Delicacies: puto or rice cakes., pansit and longganiza
• Region is known Economic Zones under PEZA, hence industrial plants are abound.