CRITICAL THEORY
Critical Theory has a narrow and a broad meaning in
Marxism- Based on what we tackle last time marxism is a social,
political, and economic theory named after Karl Marx. It
focuses on the struggle between capitalists and the working
class. He believed that this conflict would ultimately lead to a
revolution in which the working class would overthrow the
capitalist class and seize control of the economy. Marxism
posits that the struggle between social classes specifically
between the bourgeoisie, or capitalists, and the proletariat, or
worker. defines economic relations in a capitalist economy and
will inevitably lead to revolutionary communism.
Fiminism-
Feminist theory aims to understand gender inequality and focuses
on gender politics, power relations, and sexuality. Themes
explored in feminist theory include discrimination, stereotyping,
objectification (especially sexual objectification), oppression, and
patriarchy. Feminist theory doesn't only look at gendered power
and oppression to understand how women's experiences are
different from men's experiences. It also examines how systems of
power and oppression interact.
philosophy and in the history of the social sciences.
Critical theory is a social theory oriented toward critiquing
and changing society as a whole. Critical theories aim to dig
beneath the surface of social life and uncover the
assumptions that keep human beings from a full and true
understanding of how the world works.
DELA CRUZ, JAIRA I.
11-HUMSS 3 Our Lady of Peace
Human Environment System- A focus on human environment systems drives interdisciplinary research
and action toward more complete and systematic evaluation of critical challenges and potential solutions
that work on the ground and at multiple scales. Human Environment System includes all environmental
and technological systems that are relevant for or affected by humans. The basic principles of the HES
approach are: (1) human and environmental systems are constructed as complementary systems, (2) a
hierarchy of human systems with related environmental systems are considered, (3) environmental
systems are modeled in their immediate and delayed dynamic reactions to human action, (4) the behavior
of the human system is modeled from a decision theoretic perspective differentiating between goal
formation, strategy formation, strategy selection and action, (5) a conceptualization of different types of
environmental awareness in each of these three steps can be developed, and finally (6) a distinction is
made, with corresponding modeling reflecting this distinction, between primary and secondary feedback
loops with respect to human action. We illustrate the principles with an example from bio-waste
management. It is shown how the humanenvironment interaction can be analyzed.
Psychoanalysis- psychoanalysis, method of treating mental
disorders, shaped by psychoanalytic theory, which
emphasizes unconscious mental processes and is sometimes
described as “depth psychology.” The psychoanalytic
movement originated in the clinical observations and
formulations of Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, who
coined the term psychoanalysis. During the 1890s, Freud
worked with Austrian physician and physiologist Josef Breuer
in studies of neurotic patients under hypnosis. Freud and
Breuer observed that, when the sources of patients’ ideas and
impulses were brought into consciousness during the
hypnotic state, the patients showed improvement.