Vibration

Engineering
E N G R . R AY H , M L A O N J A O
Terminologies
1. Inertia element stores and releases kinetic energy,

2. Stiffness element stores and releases potential energy,

3. Dissipation or damping element is used to express energy loss in a system.

4. Translational motion of a mass is described as motion along the path followed by the center of
mass. The associated inertia property depends only on the total mass of the system and is
independent of the geometry of the mass distribution of the system.

5. Rotational motion is described as motions in which the inertia property of a mass is a function
of the mass distribution, specifically the mass moment of inertia, which is usually defined
about its center of mass or a fixed point O.
Units of Components Comprising a Vibrating Mechanical
System and Their Customary Symbols

Quantity Units

Translational motion

Mass, m 𝑘𝑔

Stiffness, k 𝑁/𝑚

Damping, c 𝑁 ∙ 𝑠/𝑚
External force, F 𝑁
Units of Components Comprising a Vibrating Mechanical
System and Their Customary Symbols

Quantity Units

Rotational motion

Mass moment of inertia, J 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚2

Stiffness, k 𝑡 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚/𝑟𝑎𝑑

Damping, c𝑡 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚 ∙ 𝑠/𝑟𝑎𝑑

External Moment, M 𝑁∙𝑚

Mass Moments of Inertia about Axis z- Normal to the x-y
Plane and Passing Through the Center of Mass

1. Slender Bar

2. Circular Disk
Mass Moments of Inertia about Axis z- Normal to the x-y
Plane and Passing Through the Center of Mass

3. Sphere

4. Circular Cylinder
 Governing Equations of Inertia Elements

•When the mass oscillates about a fixed point O or a pivot point O,

the rotary inertia 𝐽𝑂 is given by
•For a rigid body, the kinetic energy is written in the following
convenient form, which is due to König,11
 Examples

1. Determine the mass moment of inertia of a uniform disk hinged

at a point on its perimeter.
 Examples

2. Determine the mass moment of inertia of a bar of uniform mass

hinged at one end.