Lecture topic

Sampling Techniques

PRM Course
Community Research Methodology

Hippu Salk Kristle Nathan

Institute of Rural Management Anand
Dt. 22 and 24 September 2021
 Situating sampling in the entire scheme of
research
Sampling design will be part of the overall research design
(part of the Phase II of the research process)

It gets operationalized during collection of data

(i.e., Phase III of the research process)

Ex: consumption theory

C = f(Yd) C = a1+ a2 (Yd)+a3 (Yd)2

Data on consumption and disposable income need to be collected
from a sampled population
 Sampling Concepts Cont...

What is a sample? (representative of population)

Random sampling (simple)
Total – population or universe

Each element of the population

has equal chance of being
included in the sample.

Must know how to generate samples from populations before we can

generalize from samples to population

Relevance or significance of sampling

Examples (daily life)
 Sampling Concepts
Need for sampling - making inference about population
(alternative: census) (statistical inference)

Feasibility aspect
Destructive aspect
Cost aspect
Efficiency aspect (human fatigue)
Accuracy aspect

When census becomes necessary?

 Sampling Unit
Clarity on the units
Solar home lighting systems: Household
Village micro-grid system: Household or Village
Forest/Watershed management regime: CFUG/WUG
Land productivity: Plot

Health impact on indoor air pollution: Individual

Recreational value: Individual

Environmental compliance: Firm

Precise definition
Household common kitchen
 Sampling Frame
For stationary observations:
List of all units/population with identification
(Ex: all the PhD students of IRMA, all the songs by A R Rahman)

Sampling without a frame (Ex: tourist)

Randomize selection – (innovatively) (Ex: gate, bench , bus)

Make use of secondary information

Some pointers
A readily available frame – great!!!
If not, invest time in generating it.
Do not take erroneous sampling frame (Ex: backdated land records,
telephone directory for election results)
 Central Limit Theorem
Bell shaped distribution

Combinations
 Thank You
Queries and Suggestions

E-mails:
happyhippu@gmail.com,
hippu@irma.ac.in