PHILIPPINE AS A DEMOCRATIC COUNTRY
(REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES)
Different Government Systems:
 Aristocracy
 According to ancient Greece, the
Aristocracy was ruled by few good
people and best man in society
while the opposite of Aristocracy is
Plutocracy which is ruled by few
wealthy people.
 Oligarchy
 Oligarchy comes from a Greek
word, (Oligos) is few and (Arkho)
is to rule or command. Thus,
literally meaning rule by few. A
form of government in which all the PHILIPPINES – being called as “Pearl of
powers were given to a few persons the Orient Seas” due to it being rich in
in a dominant class or it can also be pearls.
said as government by a few people.
 Monarchy
 Monarchy is a system of
government in which a particular
ruler rules the country and everyone
has to obey his/her orders. Only one
person is head there either Queen
or King.
 2 Types of Monarchy are Absolute
Monarchy and Limited Monarchy.
The Absolute Monarchy, all
governmental power rests with only
one leader while the Limited
Monarchy is also called as
“Constitutional Monarchy” which
the power of Monarch can limit of
constitution.
 Democracy
 The three types of government,
democracy has the most leaders,
it is ruled by people. Under
Democracy is Direct
Democracy and Representative
Democracy. The Direct
Democracy has the direct
control on policy making and
decision making of the state
while Representative
Democracy, the people elect
politicians who decide for them.
Three Branches of the government
and their powers
 Legislative Branch
 Power to Makes, Alter and Repeal
laws
(The Congress is composed of
SENATORS and HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES).
 A member of Congress can file a
Bill. A Bill is a proposed legislation
hence it’s called “Panukalang
Batas”.
 The Senate is composed of 24
Senators and the term of office is 6
years.
 The House of Representatives is
composed of District and Party list
Representatives and not more than
250 members, unless otherwise fixed
 by law. In addition, the Party list  Supreme Court is the highest / final
members are elected by the national executory / final decision maker.
level. The 20% of the 250 members  Lowest Court in the Philippine is
are coming from the Marginal “Lupon” (Barangay Justice).
Sector (Include the self-employed or  Judicial / Judiciary - They are
those working in family workshops). knowledgeable because most of them
 The term of office of members of the are lawyers and they can oppose or
House of Representatives or stop the law if they think a law has
“Congressmen”, is 3 years. been violated.
 15 Justices that Supreme court had.
 Executive Branch 1 Chief of Justice and 14 Associate
 Carries out laws (President, Vice Justices.
President, Cabinet Secretaries and
most Federal Agencies)
 The Executive Branch is headed by Side Notes:
the President and also a
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed  Constitution (highest law) (Statue of
Forces of the Philippines (It Law / Ordinances Local Ordinance /
consists of three main service Executive Law / Administrative Law)
branches; the Army, the Air Force, ("Executive Order" is the law passed by
and the Navy). the Executive Branch).
 Statute law (Republic Act) - Law tasked
 The President and Vice President is
by the congress/legislative branch class.
elected by a direct vote of the people
Before it became law, it is first called
and the term of office is 6 years.
"Bill" and if the bill is in the senate it is
 The Cabinet Secretaries are tasked to
called “Senate Bill”.
advise the President on the
 Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the 16th
different affairs of the state like
President of the Philippines.
agriculture, budget, finance,
 The Senate of the Philippines (24
education, social welfare, national
senators "National Level") represents
defense, foreign affairs and the like.
numbers of committees.
 Judicial Branch
 Evaluates/Interpret laws (Supreme
Court, Court of Appeals, Court of
Tax Appeals, Sandiganbayan and
other Lower Court)
 The Judicial Branch holds the
power to settle controversies
involving rights that are legally
Demandable and Enforceable.
 The Constitutions expressly grants
the Supreme Court the power of
Judicial Review.