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Sheet 2 - Sol
Sheet 2 - Sol
2
00
4 4
= =
Sin 2 Cos 3
( ) 0 ( Sin d SinCos 2d ) ( )[(Cos ) 0 ( )0 ]
2 2 0
2 3
4
6.
4
( )( )
2 3
4
(b).. D approximate = .
HP HP
We calculate θmax (Sinθmax =1..(max )) at θmax = 90o ,
We calculate Φmax (SinΦmax =1..(max )) at Φmax = 90o ,
1
We calculate θh ( Sinθh= ) θh=45o
2
1
We calculate Φh ( SinΦh= )Φh=45o
2
So: θHP = 2*|90-45o| = 90o= (rad)
2
By the same way
We calculate ΦHP=2*|90o -45o|=90o= (rad)
2
4
4
So: D approximate = .=
=5.1.
HP HP
( )( )
2 2
6
(C) Decibel difference = 10 log = 0.7db.
5.1
(C)
11.Find the directivity (dimensionless and in dB) for the antenna of Problem 4
using Kraus’ approximate formula.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a) What is the directivity (above isotropic) of the antenna (in dB)?
Find the
(a) Exact directivity (dimensionless and in dB)
(b) Elevation plane half-power beam width (in degrees).
(Cos2Cos ) 2 * Sindd
0 0
4
=
* (Cos2Cos )2 * Sind
0
4
= =
6 4 2
(4Cos 4Cos Cos ) * Sind
0
4
7
= 19.1
4Cos Cos 5 Cos 3
( 4 )0
7 5 3
4
(b)Dexact= =
2
(Sin ( Cos ) * Sindd
0 0
2
4
2 (Sin2 ( Cos ) * Sindd
0
2
2
=
2
(Sin ( 2 Cos ) * Sindd
0
Let ( Cos ) = x (1)
2
dx 2
So Sin Sind = dx (2)
d 2
Replace (θ from 0 to Π) to (x from to ). By substituting in
2 2
(1).
2
Dexact= = = =
2 2 2
2 2 2 1
(Sin (x) * dx (Sin (x) * dx 2 (1 Cos2x)dx
2 2 2
(REPORT)
1. The normalized radiation intensity of an antenna is symmetric, and it can
be approximated by
Good Luck