WEEK 5- TOURNAMNET(PART 1- BYE)

WELCOME TO OUR LAST LESSON!

At the end of the lesson the students should be able to: 

 Recognize the nature of a sports intramural program, its objectives and other components
 Identify the different aspects of a sports intramural program
 plot and identify where to place byes
Now that we are done some of the different sports from individual, dual and team sports. We will now
proceed with the sports tournament.
Why is it important that we must be organized in everything that we do? Why we need to plan something for
our goal or our daily accomplishments?
There’s is no success in every competition without planning on how to do it. Without a governing body that
will rule and enforce a law then it will be a useless tournament.
So sports tournament or what we call intramural is made for this. This is to set the different standards on the
competitions that we have or we will create. We plan how many games and we choose the best tournament
depending on how many teams and days we have for the competition.
SPORTS INTRAMURAL
 
The word “Intramural” is a combination of two Latin words “intra” and “murus”. Intra meaning is
“within” and Murus meaning is “wall”. Intramurals activities should form the basis of all programs and
competitions. All students should be provided opportunities to compete regardless of their skills. Intramurals
received the major attention as part of physical education program of school. The intramurals program may
also be viewed from a different angle. Intramurals should be under the direction of the physical education
department of a school; and participation of the student may be taken as taking part in general activities such
as music, debate, dance, public speaking, and dramatics.
 
Much of what constitutes an “intramural” program depends upon the imagination and creativity of the
leadership within individual school programs. Other than being limited to participants from a specific school,
there are three things that distinguish an intramural program:
1. Intramural activities are intended to be voluntary in nature, i.e. the student has a choice of activities.
2. Every student is given an equal opportunity to participate regardless of physical ability.
3. Students have the opportunity to be involved in the planning, organization and administration of programs.
Such involvement is always under supervision and guidance of the intramural director and must be age-
appropriate. However, even at the elementary level, students can participate in program development and
operation.
 
What are the Objectives and Goals of an Intramural Program?
 Provide an opportunity to participate in sport and recreational activities without regard for high performance
skill or ability.
 Provide activities in a safe and professionally supervised environment.
 Nurture a healthy spirit of competition, sportsmanship and teamwork.
 Develop a sense of community within the school.
 Enhance social interaction.
 Expose students to leisure activities that will contribute to an active lifestyle and enhance physical fitness.
 Provide an opportunity to practice and internalize the skills, attitudes, and knowledge acquired in the physical
education class.
Activities:
The program of activities should be broad-based, provide for variety, and include sports tournaments, clubs,
self-directed activities, special events, etc.
Guidelines for selection should include:
 Program should be an outgrowth of instruction in physical education.
 Programming for males, females, and co-recreation.
 Programming that meets the needs of all skill levels and physical abilities, including the disabled.
 Modification of activities so that they are appropriate to the age, physical development and skill levels of
individual participants. (In some cases, height and weight may be of more importance than grade level in
 determining groupings for team and individual competition. Leagues may need to be established based upon
low, moderate, and high skill levels.)
 Specific rules and regulation should be established that ensure equal opportunity, fair play, and safe
participation.
Facilities/Equipment:
Critical to any sports activity program are adequate facilities and equipment to support the program.
However, lack of sophisticated gymnasium facilities and large budgets for equipment should not deter
provision of programs. Programs may be modified and adapted to meet the budget and space available.
Basic guidelines include:
 Facilities should be adequate to meet the needs, interests, safety and number of students participating.
 Equipment and supplies for the intramural program should be budgeted apart from the physical education
instructional budget. While some equipment may be shared, each program’s needs should be considered.
 Equipment must be modified when required by age, size and/or physical ability of the participants.
 Appropriate maintenance should be provided for facilities and equipment so that they meet basic standards
for cleanliness and safety.
 When new facilities are to be built, or new equipment purchased, all physical education/intramural staff
should be consulted to ensure that needs are met. Students should also be given an opportunity for input.
Health and Safety of Participants:
An intramural sports program seeks to enhance the health of its participants; therefore, the following
guidelines are critical to the success of the program:
 All activities should be structured to ensure that safety requirements are met including consideration of each
student’s readiness for the activity based upon age, skill, and physical condition.
 All participants should have medical clearance to participate.
 Clothing should be appropriate to the activity.
 Locker rooms should be supervised to ensure safety.
 All activities should be supervised to ensure safety and orderly progression of each event.
 Recognize that because of the nature of physical activity, injuries will occur. Parents must be given the
opportunity for informed consent. Immediate first aid must be available from trained providers any time the
program is in progress. Attention must be given to communication with emergency services in the event of a
serious injury. All students and staff should know the emergency procedures to be followed.
Awards:
The emphasis of an intramural program should be on participation and fun. Winning and losing are part of
the process but should not be a primary focus. If awards are to be given they should be for recognition of
achievement and not excessive in nature. If possible, some recognition should be available for participation
regardless of win/loss records. All students should be made to feel that they are a winner by virtue of their
participation and not because of the relative points scored.
 
TOURNAMENT
What is a Tournament?
A tournament is a series of games or matches that are used to decide the winner of a competition. In sports, a
tournament is often used at the conclusion of the season to crown the league’s champion. Tournaments are
usually conducted over a short period of time. The tournament format indicates the match ups and the criteria
for advancement and elimination.
 
TYPES OF TOURNAMENT
There are various types of tournaments. Some of the important tournament are listed below:
1. Single Elimination
2. Double elimination
3. Round robin
What is a BYE?
- Bye are teams that has 1 advantage.  
- the waiting team.
-Entitles a team to advance to the next round without playing.  
- Able to play during the second round.
FORMULA IN GETTING A BYE: B= P2-N ( read as: Bye is equal to power of 2 minus N)
Where:
 P – The least or equal power of 2 higher than N
       Note: P is a fixed value – 2, 4, 8, 16, 32…. (2x2=4x2=8x2=16x2=32…)
N – Number of Entries (or team/s)
How to place a bye?
in placing a bye we need first to divide the
teams from upper bracket to lower brackets. If
how to get a bye? it is odd, automatic that the higher number is
In getting a  bye you just need to apply the place at the upper bracket while the lower
formula and solve for it. number at the lower bracket.
Then we identify who will the waiting team,
those who don’t have a match in the round one
will be the bye.

3TEAMS  ( 1 BYE)
- the division for 3 teams is 2 upper and 1
3 TEAMS lower
-N Upper bracket (2 teams)
*substitute in the given formula TEAM A
= 4 *it is 4 because this the least number TEAM B
higher than 3
------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
N= 3 * because we have 3 competing teams identify upper and lower brackets
Bye=- N Lower bracket (1 team)
Bye= 4-3 TEAM C ( BYE 1)
Bye= 1 *as you will observe TEAM A and TEAM B
will be the game 1 so TEAM C will be the
waiting team, therefore he is the BYE.

4 TEAMS (0 BYE)
- the division for 4 teams is 2 upper and 2
4 TEAMS lower
-N Upper bracket
*substitute in the given formula TEAM A
= 4 *it is 4 because its equal to the power of 2 TEAM B
N= 4 * because we have 4 competing teams ------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
identify upper and lower brackets
Bye=- N
Lower bracket (2 teams)
Bye= 4-4
TEAM C
Bye= 0
TEAM D
*as you will observe TEAM A and TEAM B
will be the game 1 and TEAM C and TEAM D
will be the game 2 so there is no BYE.

5 TEAMS 5 TEAMS (3 BYES)

-N - the division for 5 teams is 3 upper and 2
*substitute in the given formula lower
= 8 *it is 8 because this the least number Upper bracket (3 teams)
higher than 5 TEAM A
N= 5 * because we have 5 competing teams TEAM B
Bye=- N TEAM C (BYE 1)
Bye= 8-5 ------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
Bye= 3 identify upper and lower brackets
Lower bracket (2 team)
TEAM D ( BYE 2)
TEAM E (BYE 3)
*as you will observe in the upper bracket there
are 3 teams, so we just follow the format for 3
 teams TEAM A and TEAM B will be the game
1 so TEAM C will be the waiting team,
therefore he is the BYE from the upper bracket
while at the lower bracket TEAM D and
TEAM E they can match already but we still
need 2 BYE therefore we will still place them
as BYE2 and BYE3.

6 TEAMS ( 2BYES)
- the division for 6 teams is 3 upper and 3
lower
Upper bracket (3 teams)
TEAM A
TEAM B
6 TEAMS TEAM C (BYE 1)
-N ------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
*substitute in the given formula identify upper and lower brackets
= 8 *it is 8 because this the least number Lower bracket (3 team)
higher than 5 TEAM D
N= 6 * because we have 5 competing teams TEAM E
Bye=- N TEAM F ( BYE 2)
Bye= 8-6 *as you will observe in the upper bracket and
Bye= 2 lower bracket  they have both 3 teams, so we
just follow the format for 3 teams TEAM A
and TEAM B will be the game 1 so TEAM C
will be the waiting team, therefore he is the
BYE from the upper bracket while at the lower
bracket TEAM D and TEAM E will be the
game 2 so TEAM F will be the waiting team,
therefore he is the BYE from the lower
bracket.

7 TEAMS (1 BYE)
- the division for 7 teams is 4 upper and 3
lower
Upper bracket (4 teams)
TEAM A
7 TEAMS
TEAM B
-N
TEAM C
*substitute in the given formula
TEAM D
= 8 *it is 8 because this the least number
------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
higher than 7
identify upper and lower brackets
N= 7 * because we have 7 competing teams
Lower bracket (3 team)
Bye=- N
TEAM E
Bye= 8-7
TEAM F
Bye= 1
TEAM G ( BYE 1)
*as you will observe in the upper bracket there
are 4 teams so we just follow the format for 4
teams which is no bye while at the lower
bracket  we have 3 teams. So, we follow the
format for 3 teams in which we have 1 bye.

8 TEAMS 8 TEAMS (0 BYE)

-N - the division for 8 teams is 4 upper and 8
*substitute in the given formula lower
= 8 *it is 8 because its equal to the power of 2 Upper bracket (4 teams)
N= 8 * because we have 8 competing teams TEAM A
 TEAM B
TEAM C
TEAM D
------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
identify upper and lower brackets
Bye=- N Lower bracket (4 team)
Bye= 8-8 TEAM E
Bye= 0 no bye TEAM F
TEAM G
TEAM H
*as you will observe in the upper bracket and
lower bracket  they have both 4 teams so we
just follow the format for 4 teams which is no
bye.

9 TEAMS (7 BYES)
- the division for 9 teams is 5 upper and 4
lower
Upper bracket (5 teams)
TEAM A
TEAM B
TEAM C (BYE 1)
9 TEAMS TEAM D (BYE 2)
-N TEAM E (BYE 3)
*substitute in the given formula ------------ BROKEN LINES are made to
= 16 *it is 16 because this the least number identify upper and lower brackets
higher than 9 Lower bracket (4 team)
N= 9 * because we have 9 competing teams TEAM F (BYE 4)
Bye=- N TEAM G (BYE 5)
Bye= 16-9 TEAM H (BYE 6)
Bye= 7 TEAM I (BYE 7)
*as you will observe in the upper bracket there
are 5 teams so we jut follow the format for 5
teams in which we place 3 byes there. And for
the lower bracket we have 4 teams. Usually we
don’t place any byes for 4 teams but for 9
competing teams we need 7 byes that’s why we
should place them as all bye for the lower
bracket to complete the 7 byes.

 
Generalization:
In placing a bye we need to plan  it first before we make a schedule because if you put your bye at any place
then you can have a wrong scheduling for the games. Also, to make it fair to all the competing teams. At most
they do pulling to identify who will place to the upper bracket and lower bracket.
In  getting the bye you need to get the power of 2 of the total teams who is competing then you just choose for
the given power of 2. we have 2, 4, 8, 16, 32… then we just less them to the total teams that we have.