Integumentary Disorder

Assessment

When it comes to protecting the body's underlying tissues, the

skin's primary purpose is to serve as a surface barrier between
the body and the external environment. Besides acting as a
barrier against bacterial and viral invasion, the skin also helps
to keep the body's water supply from being too depleted. The fat
in the subcutaneous layer of the skin serves to insulate and
protect the body from injury. It is possible for the
integumentary system to be affected by a broad variety of
illnesses, disorders, and injuries. These can vary from
unpleasant but often non-fatal bacterial or fungal infections to
potentially deadly skin cancers and severe burns, among other
things. Examine the patient's skin tone and make a comparison
with the reference standard. Skin temperature fluctuations can be
caused by a variety of factors including fever, reduced
circulation in the extremities, and local tissue inflammation. It
is possible that reduced circulation in the extremities will make
the patient's hands and feet to look chilly, but a localized
tissue infection or inflammation may cause that localized
location to feel hotter than the rest of the body. The capillary
refill test is used to determine the amount of blood flowing to
tissue in the nail beds, which is referred to as perfusion.
Pressing on a fingernail or toenail until it turns white
indicates that blood has been squeezed out of the tissue beneath
that nail has resulted in the release of blood.

However, research has revealed that although skin turgor may be

used to predict moisture levels in patients, the sign is not a
reliable indicator. The term "turgor" refers to the skin's
ability to bend and stretch. When a person is dehydrated, his or
her capacity to change form and return to normal is significantly
reduced or eliminated altogether. In order to determine skin
turgor, pinch the flesh of the patient's lower arm with two
fingers, primitive camping it upwards, and then release it.
Palpate the edema to determine if it is pitting or nonpitting if
you see it during an exam. You may check for indentation by
pushing on the skin, ideally over a bone structure such as the
tibia, and releasing the pressure. Pitting edema occurs when the
skin gets indented, whereas nonpitting edema occurs when the skin
does not become indented. A healthcare provider may frequently
detect a skin condition just by glancing at your skin. A biopsy
is a procedure that entails the removal of a tiny sample of skin
and indeed the examination of the sample under a microscope. The
practice of analyzing a skin specimen for bacteria, fungi, or
viruses is known as culture testing. Small quantities of
chemicals are administered to the skin in order to ascertain
whether or not they cause allergic responses in the test
subjects. When you have a black light examination, an ultraviolet
(UV) laser is utilized to see the color of your skin more clearly
(Wood light test). In diascopy, rubbing a microscope slide on a
patch of skin is done in order to check if the color of the skin.

Therefore, a better skin examination begins with the initial

contact with a patient and extends throughout the course of the
examination. A specific portion of the skin is inspected during
the assessment of other bodily systems unless the primary
complaint is a treatment of skin problem, in which case it is
excluded.

Intervention

Clinical signs are illnesses that cause harm to the skin's outer
layer of cells. Rashes, irritation, itchiness, as well as other
skin anomalies are common symptoms of a variety of disorders.
Some skin problems are caused by genetics, while others are
caused by environmental factors such as smoking. Medication,
lotions, and balms, as well as dietary and lifestyle
modifications, can be used to treat skin disorders. A range of
elements in one's daily life might contribute to the development
of a skin condition. It is possible that your skin is influenced
by underlying health conditions as well. Fungus on your skin,
viruses, pharmaceutics, diabetes, and the sun are all common
causes of epidermis illnesses. Other common causes of skin
illnesses include bacteria stuck in their pores or hair
follicles, pituitary, renal, or immune system illnesses,
interaction with environmental factors such as allergies or
another woman's skin, heredity.
When skin conditions are addressed, the prognosis for many of
them is favorable. Depending on the condition, a dermatologist or
other healthcare professional may suggest antihistamines, laser
treatments resurfacing, medicated creams, ointments, or gels,
moisturizers, oral medications (taken by mouth), steroid tablets,
creams, or injections, and surgical treatments. Making changes to
one's way of life may also be beneficial in relieving symptoms of
skin problems. You should avoid or restrict particular foods
including sugar or dairy if your healthcare provider advises you
to do so. You should also manage stress, maintain great hygiene
(especially proper skin care), and refrain from excessive
drinking and smoking. Many skin conditions are chronic in nature
(long-lasting). The severity of symptoms can be lessened with
therapy, but it is possible that you will need to keep taking
medicines or getting other therapies in order to keep them under
control. Treatment, on either hand, can aid in the alleviation of
symptoms and even the prevention of symptoms for several months.
There are several skin problems that never fully resolve. Keep an
eye out for any alterations on our skin, including such fresh or
persistent areas that aren't healing or abnormalities in moles.
The most of skin cancers may be cured if they are detected and
treated in their early stages.