LAWS IN EDUCATION

PRC BR 435 – Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers

PD 1006 – Decree Professionalizing Teachers

RA NO. 1425 – Inclusion of the works of Jose Rizal

RA NO. 4670 – “Magna Carta for Public School Teacher”

RA 7722 – CHED

RA 7796 – “TESDA Act of 1994”

RA 7836 – Phil. Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994

RA 9155 – BEGA (Basic Educ.) or DepEd Law

RA 9293 – Teachers Professionalization Act

RA 10533 – K-12 Law ACT NO. 2706 – “Private School Law”

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 578 – “Persons in authority”

KAUTUSANG PANGKAGAWARAN BLG 7

- PILIPINO National Language

PROKLAMA BLG 12 - Linggo ng Wika (Balagtas, Mr29-Ap4)

PROKLAMA BLG. 186 – Linggo ng Wika (Quezon, Ag13-19)

PROKLAMA BLG. 1041 – Buwan ng Wika (Ramos)

PHIL. CONSTITUTION ACT 14 –

ESTACS

RA 1079 – No limit of Civil Service Eligibility

RA 6655 – “Free Public Secondary Educ. Act of 1988”

RA 6728 – “Act Providing Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education

RA 7277 – Magna Carta for PWD

RA 7610 – Anti-Child Abuse Law (Amendment: RA 9231)

RA 7743 – establishment of public libraries

RA 7877 – “Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”

RA 7880 – “Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act”

RA 8049 – Anti-Hazing Law

RA 8187 – Paternity Act

RA 10627 – Anti-Bullying

SB 1987 ART. 14 SEK. 6-9 – FILIPINO (National Language)

Prepositions of TIME (AT, ON, and IN)
AT- usually as exact time like at 7pm, at 3 o’clock, etc...

ON - is used with days and dates like on January 2, on Monday, on Tuesday, on the 4th of April

IN - is used with months and years like in April, in June, in 1990, in 2017...etc....

Prepositions of LOCATION (AT, ON, and IN)

AT- usually as specific point like at the center, at the corner, and in addresses usually pag may number si
house like

I live at #3 Rosas Street, etc...

ON - is used with surfaces like on the wall, on the floor, on the table, on the ground, and in addresses
usually paag name lang ng street, avenue, road like

I Live on Rosas street, I live on Rosas avenue ganun.....

IN - is used when the thing is inside the boxlike structure like in the kitchen, in the room, in the hall..with
addresses naman use IN with cities, places like in Seoul, in the Philippines, in Mindanao, etc....
PHILIPPINE HISTORY

The first book written in the Philippines was DOCTRINA CRISTIANA

The Father of Ilocano Literature is PEDRO BUKANEG

The Father of Tagalog Poetry is FRANCISCO BALTAZAR

Lola Basyang is the pen name of SEVERINO REYES

The first and longest running komiks series in the Philippines is KENKOY (Liwayway Magasin,1929)

The Father of Pampango Literature who wrote There is no God is JUAN CRISOSTOMO SOTO

The oldest existing newspaper in the Philippines since the 1900 is MANILA BULLETIN

The Father of Modern Tagalog Poetry is ALEJANDRO ABADILLA

The work of Bonifacio which tells the history of the Philippines ANG DAPAT MABATID NG MGA
TAGALOG

He wrote the popular fable The Monkey and the Turtle – DR. JOSE RIZAL

This is known as Andres Bonifacio's Ten Commandments of the Katipunan - THE DECALOGUE

Rizal's model for Pilosopong Tasyo was PACIANO RIZAL

The following characters created by rizal reflect his own personality except SIMOUN (El
Filibusterismo)

The line 'whoever knows not how to love his native tongue is worse than any beast or even smelly
fish' TO MY FELLOW CHILDREN

Rizal's pen name - DIMASALANG, LAONG-LAAN

Taga-ilog is JUAN LUNA's Pen name.

The first filipino alphabet was called ALIBATA/BAYBAYIN

the first filipino alphabet consisted of 15 LETTERS

This is a song about love – TALINDAW

Awit ng mga taong hindi naimbetahan sa kainan (COLADO)

He was known for his `Memoria Fotografica` - JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN

He is known as the `poet of the workers or laborers` - AMADO HERNANDEZ

Ilocano balagtasan is called BUKANEGAN

Visayan epic about good manners and right conduct - MARAGTAS

The father of Filipino newspaper is PASCUAL POBLETE

Lupang Tinubuan is considered to be the best story written during Japanese Period. The author is
NARCISO REYES

The original title of Ibong Adarna was CORIDO AT BUHAY NA PINAGDAANAN NG TATLONH
PRINSIPENG ANAC NG HARING FERNANDO AT REYNA VALERIANA SA CAHARIANG BERBANIA

PANDEREGLA - first filipino bread

The Great Plebian: Andres Bonifacio

The Father of the Katipunan: Andres Bonifacio

Hero of the Tirad Pass Battle: Gregorio Del Pilar

President of the First Philippine Republic: General Emilio Aguinaldo

Brains of the Philippine Revolution: Apolinario Mabini

Martyred Priests in 1872: GOMBURZA

Brains of the Katipunan: Emilio Jacinto

Co-founder of La Independencia: General Antonio Luna

Mother of Balintawak: Melchora Aquino

Greatest Filipino Orator of the Propaganda Movement: Graciano Lopez- Jaena

First Filipino Cannon-maker: Pandar Pira

Managing Editor of La Solidaridad: Mariano Ponce

Lakambini of Katipunan: Gregoria de Jesus

Poet of the Revolution: Fernando Ma. Guerrero

Outstanding Diplomat of the First Philippine Republic: Felipe Agoncill

First University of the Philippines President: Rafael Palma

Greatest Filipino Painter: Juan Luna

Greatest Journalist of the Propaganda Movement: Marcelo H. del Pilar

First Filipino Poetess: Leona Florentino

Peace of the Revolution: Pedro Paterno

Founder of Philippine Socialism: Isabelo

Delos Reyes Viborra: Artemio Ricarte

Author of the Spanish lyrics of the Philippine National Anthem: Jose Palma

Chief of Tondo: Lakandola

The Last Rajah of Manila: Rajah Soliman

Fiancée of Jose Rizal: Leonor Rivera

Maker of the First Filipino Flag: Marcela Agoncillo

Co-founder of Katipunan: Galicano Apacible

Leader of the Ilocano Revolt: Diego Silang

First Filipino Hero: Lapu-lapu

Leader of the Longest Revolt in Bohol: Francisco Dagohoy

The Man of Many Talents: Epifanio Delos Santos

Prince of Tagalog Poets: Francisco Baltazar

Visayan Joan of Arc: Teresa Magbanua

Mother of Biak-na-Bato: Trinidad Tecson

Wife of Artemio Ricarte: Agueda

Esteban Leader of the Tarlac Revolt: Gen. Francisco Makabulos

Composer of the Philippine National Anthem: Julian Felipe

Spaniards born in the Philippines: Insulares

Leader of Magdalo: Baldomero Aguinaldo

Leader of Magdiwang: Mariano Alvarez

Founder of La Liga Filipina: Jose Rizal

Painter of the Spolarium: Juan Luna

PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
▪ LEARNER’S DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE AND TASK
By ROBERT HAVIGHURST

INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD (Birth-6 years old)

- ang motor skill ay nadeveloped

- Ito ang panahon kung kalian ang isang bata ay labis na nakasalalay sa mga matatanda at hinahanap ang
kanilang pagmamahal at pangangalaga.

- ang pagiging mausisa ay isa sa mga katangian niya.

- pagtatanong ng walang humpay

- paggaya sa ginagawa ng iba

Task: Pagsasalita, paglalakad, pagkontrol sa kanyang pagdumi, pagkatoto sa pagakakaiba ng sekswalidad

at pagkamahinhin, marunong makarelate sa iba, at alam kung anu ang tama o mali

LATE CHILDHOOD (6-12 years old)

- sa stage na ito nagsisimula nang i-develop ng isang bata ang pagiging independent.

- pag-babago ng ugali

- pakikipagkaibigan

Task: pagkatoto sa physical skills na kinakailangan sa paglalaro, pagbuo ng sariling saloobin,

pakikipagkasundo sa mga ka-edad niya, pagkatoto sa angkop nitong papel sa kanyang sekswalidad;
pagdevelop sa mga pangunahing kasanayan sa pagbabasa, pagsusulat, at pagbibilang, pagdevelop ng
mga concepts na kinakailangan para sa araw-araw na pamumuhay, pagdevelop ng kanyang ugali sa
pakikitungo sa iba.

ADOLESCENCE (12-18 years old)

- madalas na tinutukoy bilang isang “Transition Years”.

- Pagbabago ng pakiramdam, pag-iisip at pagkilos.

- emotionally and socially, gusto niyang maging independent.

Task: Pagtanggap sa kanyang sariling anyo ng katawan at sekwalidad, pakikipagbarkada, pang-

ekonomiyang kalayaan, emosyonal na kalayaan/hindi showy sa magulang, pagdevelop ng kanyang
intektwal na kasanayan at mga konsepto na magagamit niya sa civic competence, paghahanda para sa
kasal at pagbuo ng pamilya, pagkamalay sa halaga ng pagkakaisa.
EARLY ADULTHOOD (18-35 years old)

- pagbuo ng ilang mga saloobin at opinyon sa mga tao at bagay.

- pangagailangang sikolohikal ng isang indibidwal para sap ag-ibig, pagsasama, seguridad, at tagumpay.

Task: Pagpili ng isang asawa, pagkatuto na mabuhay kasama ang asawa, pagsisimula ng isang pamilya,
pagpapalaki ng mga anak, pagmamanage ng tahanan, at pagsisimula sa isang trabaho, paghahanap ng
mga kasundo sa social group.

▪ PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY/PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY

By SIGMUND FREUD

ORAL STAGE (0-2 years)

- ang sentro ng pleasure ay na sa bibig

- kapag hindi na meet ang needs na ito maaaring magpatuloy sa muling pagbubuo sa ibang panahon sa
buhay sa mga anyo tulad ng pagkain o paninigarilyo.

ANAL STAGE (2-4 years old)

- ang pleasure ay mula sa puwit.

- binibigyang diin sa pagsasanay sa toilet.

PHALIC STAGE (4-6 years old)

- kasiyahan mula sa mga aktibidad na nauugnay sa pag-stroke at pagmamanipula ng kanilang sex organ.

- Oedipus complex – kung saan nakakaranas ang batang lalaki ng tunggalian sa kanyang ama ukol sa
atensyon at pagmamahal ng kanyang ina.

- Electra complex –karibal ng anak na babae ang kanyang ina sa atensyon at pagmamahal ng kanyang
ama.

LATENCY (6-12 years old)

- nakatuon sa pag-spend ng kanilang enerhiya sa pag-aaral, pakikipagkaibigan, laro at iba pang aktibidad
sa paglilibang.

GENITAL STAGE (12 years and up)

- pagbibinata at pagdadalaga

- magtatag ng sariling buhay.

▪ PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY
By ERIK ERIKSON

TRUST VS. MISTRUST (0-18 months)

- nakadepende sa magulang at ibang tao para mabuhay/magsurvive

TRUST – kung may isang tao na nagproprotekta, nagmamalasakit at nag-aalaga sa kanya ay

makakaramdam siya ng pagtitiwala sa mga taong nakapaligid sa kanya.

MISTRUST – bagama’t kung may mga tao mang nakakasakit sa damdamin niya at siya’y nakadarama ng
takot dito ay mahihirapan siyang magtiwala dito.

AUTONOMY VS. SHAME/DOUBT (18 months-3 years)

- nagsisimula upang gumawa ng sarili niyang choice at ipahayag ang kanyang saloobin.

AUTONOMY – kapag sinuportahan mo siya at in-encourage sa mga gusto niyang gawin ay madedevelop
niya ang pagiging independent at kumilos sa kanyang sariling paraan.

SHAME/DOUBT – ngunit kapag na-discourge mo siya na gawin ang isang bagay ay maaari niyang
madevelop ang pagkamahiyain at pag-aalinlangan sa sarili niyang kakayahan.

INITIATIVE VS. GUILT (3-6 years old)

- nagsisimula upang galugarin ang kanyang panlipunan at pisikal na mundo, pagtuklas kung anu ang
maaari niyang magawa.

INITIATIVE – pagkakaroon ng mga layunin sa buhay.

GUILT – ngunit kapag ang mga layunin niya’y hindi sinasang-ayonan, makakaramdam siya ng galit at
hindi makontrol na emosyon.

INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY (6-12 years old)

- ang mundo ng bata ay malawak: Ang mga teknikal na kasanayan ay natutunan at ang pagiging
competent ay nadedevelop.

INDUSTRY – pagiging competent sa lahat ng bagay upang masegurado niyang magtatagumpay siya sa
kahit sa anung larangan.

INFERIORITY – ngunit kapag nabigo siyang mapagtagumpayan lahat ng kanyang expectations sa buhay
ay magiging mailap siya at magiging mababa ang tingin niya sa kanyang sarili.
IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION (12–18-year-old)

IDENTITY – pagiging totoo sa sarili.

ROLE CONFUSION – pagkalito sa kung anu ang magiging papel o halaga niya sa lipunan.

INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION (18-24 years old)

INTIMACY – pagkakaroon ng masigla at matalik na ugnayan sa ibang tao.

ISOLATION – ngunit kapag hindi acquired sa kanya ang intimacy sa stage na ito, ang ganitong saloobin ay
magiging resulta ng kawalan ng tiwala sa ibang tao.

GENERATIVITY VS. SELF ABSORPTION (24-54 years old)

GENERATIVITY – ang pagiging produktibo ng indibidwal ay sinuri ng kanyang mga kontribusyon sa

kanyang pamilya at lipunan.

ABSORPTION – nagiging abala sa kanyang mga personal na pangangailangan at interes o pagiging-

makasarili.

INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR (54 years – death)

- ito ang katuparan at paghantong ng kanyang buhay

INTEGRITY – pagiging matapat.

DESPAIR – nakakaramdam ng panghihinayang at takot sa katapusan ng buhay

▪ COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

By JEAN PIAGET
- may dalawang proseso ang cognitive development ito ay ang:

(1) ASSIMILATION – ay ang proseso kung saan ang isang indibidwal ay nakakakuha ng impormasyon o
kaalaman o kung aling mga karanasan ang isinama sa isang umiiral na pamamaraan;

(2) ACCOMMODATION – ay ang proseso ng paglikha ng isang bagong pamamaraan pagkatapos ng

pakikipag-ugnayan ng isang indibidwal sa kanyang environment.

SENSORY MOTOR (birth – 2 years old)

- agarang karanasan sa pamamagitan ng pandama (see, hear, smell, grasp or suck).

-Primary Circular Reaction – ang mga ito ay paulit-ulitt na mga kilos na nakasentro sa sariling katawan
ng sanggol, tulad ng pasuso nito sa kanyang hinlalaki.

-Intentional Behavior – inuulit niya ang pag-uugali upang gumawa ng mga kagiliw-giliw na kaganapan sa
pamamagitan ng mga bagay.

-Object Permanence – paghahanap sa isang bagay na nakita na.

PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE (2-7 years old)

- ang wika ng bata ay nagiging isang kasangkapan sa pagharap niya sa environment.

-Semiotic Functions – kakayanan ng isang bata na gumamit ng mga simbolo.

-Deferred imitation – nangyayari ito kapag ang bata ay nagrereproduce ng isang action, pagkatapos
nitong tingnan ang orihinal na kilos na ginawa na kanya namang ginagaya.

-Conservation – ay isang proseso ng pagtukoy na ang halaga at dami ng isang bagay ay nanatili parin,
kahit na ang pang-unawa ng bata na ang halaga at dami ng isang bagay ay nag-bago.

-Centration – ang pagkahilig na ituon ang pansin sa isang aspeto ng sitwasyon sa isang pagkakataon.

-Egocentric – siya ay naniniwala na ang lahat ng tao sa paligid niya ay nakikita at nararanasan ang bawat
ginagawa niya.

CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE (7-11 years old)

- ang pag-iisip ng mga bata ay nagiging mas lohikal at sistematiko.

-Classification – ang kakayahan ng bata na mag-grupo ng isang hanay ng mga bagay at upang ipangkat
sa paligid ng isang karaniwang kategorya ng mga katangian.

-Seriation – ang kakayahan ng bata na isaayos ang mga bagay ayon sa taas, haba, o lapad nito.

- Horizontal decalage – na nagpapahiwatig ng parehong uri ng pag-iisip sa isang bagong uri ng mga
problema.

-Vertical decalage – nagtuturo sa ideya na ang paglilipat/shift ay nangyayari mula sa isang uri ng pag-
iisip sa isa pa.

FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE (11-older)

- ang pag-unlad ng abstract thinking at reasoning ng bata ay ang benchmark ng yugtong ito.

- gumagamit siya ng lohika at mga simbolikong proseso.

- paglutas ng mga problema mula sa paggamit ng iba’t ibang paraan or approaches.

▪ MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY
By LAURENCE KOHLBERG

PRECONVENTIONAL LEVEL

- Punishment-Obedience – pagsunod sa mga patakaran para maiwasan ang kaparusahan.

- Reciprocity-needs – gawin kung anu ang mabuti para sa tao bilang kapalit.

CONVENTIONAL LEVEL

-Approval of others – pagiging mabuti sa mata ng iba.

-Law and Order – pagkilos na ayon sa batas.

▪ POSTCONVENTIONAL LEVEL

-Individual Rights – pagsunod sa mga patakaran at pag-gawa ng makatuwirang paghatol.

-Ethical Principles – pagkilos ayon sa conscience ng isa, batay sa kung anu ang tama at makatarungang
paniniwala ng isang tao.
1.The teacher begins to use technology tools to deliver curriculum content to the system.

a. Transformation

b. Adoption

c. Active

d. Entry

2.The student uses technology tools to collaborate with other rather than working individually at all
times.

a. Collaborative

b. Authentic

c. Goal directed

d. Infusion

3.Students use technology tools to set goals, plan activities, monitor progress, and evaluation result
rather than simply completing assignments without reflection.

a. Goal directed

b. Constructive

c. Adoption

d. Entry

4.The teacher direct students in conventional and procedural use of technology tool.

a. Infusion

b. Constructive

c. Entry

d. Adoption

5.The teacher encourage the innovative use of technology tools.

a. Active

b. Transformation

c. Adaptation

d. Adoption

6.Technology tools are used to facilitate higher order learning activities that may not have been possible
without the use of technology.
a. Adaptation

b. Adoption

c. Active

d. Transformation

7.The teacher provides the learning context and the student choose the technology tools to achieve
outcomes.

a. Adoption

b. Adaptation

c. Infusion

d. Entry

8.The teacher facilitates students independently using technology tools.

a. Entry

b. Infusion

c. Adaptation

d. Adoption

9.Students are actively engaged in using technology as a tool rather than passively receiving information
from the technology.

a. Goal directed

b. Authentic

c. Active

d. Collaborative

10.Students use technology tools to link learning activities to the world beyond the instructional setting
rather than working on discontextualized assignments.

a. Entry

b. Infusion

c. Authentic

d. Goal directed

11.Students use technology tools to connect new information to their prior knowledge rather than to
passively receive information.

a. Collaborative
b. Constructive

c. Goal directed

d. Active

12.Teach allows for the creation of new tasks, previously inconceivable.

a. Substitution

b, Redefinition

c. Augmentation

d. Modification

13.Teach acts as a direct tools substitute with functional improvement.

a. Substitution

b, Redefinition

c. Augmentation

d. Modification

14.Teach allows for significant task redesign.

a. Substitution

b, Redefinition

c. Augmentation

d. Modification

15.Teach acts as a direct tools substitute with functional change.

a. Substitution

b, Redefinition

c. Augmentation

d. Modification

16.Is a model designed to help educator’s infusion technology into teaching and learning.

a. Infusion

b. SMAR

c. UNESCO

d. NCBTS

17.The Teacher used inferences about student progress to information their teaching.
a. Assessment OF learning

b. Assessment AS learning

c. Assessment FOR learning

d. Summative assessment

18.Is Commonly known as Formative and Diagnostic Assessment.

a. Assessment FOR learning

b. Assessment AS learning

c. Assessment OF learning

d. Summative assessment

19.The teachers are now afforded the chance to adjust classroom instruction based upon the needs of
the students.

a. Assessment AS learning

b. Summative assessment

c. Assessment OF learning

d. Assessment FOR learning

20.Is Commonly known as Summative assessment.

a. Diagnostic Assessment

b. Assessment AS learning

c. Assessment OF learning

d. Assessment FOR learning

21.When the teacher use evidence of student learning to make judgements on student achievement
goals and standards.

a. Assessment FOR learning

b. Assessment OF learning

c. Summative assessment

d. Assessment AS learning
Father of Biology: Aristotle
Father of Modern Biology: Linnaeus
Father of Antibiotics: Alexander Fleming
Father of Taxonomy: Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Immunology: Edward Jenner
Father of Microbiology: Anton van Leuwenhoek
Father of Modern Microbiology: Louis Pasteur
Father of Medical Microbiology: Robert Koch
Father of Pathology: Rudolph Virchow
Father of Bacteriology: Robert Koch
Father of Virology: W.M.Stanley
Father of Embryology: Aristotle
Father of Modern Embryology: Ernst Von Baer
Father of Physiology: Stephan Hales
Father of Modern experimental physiology: Calude Bernard
Father of Genetics: Rev. Gregor Mendel
Father of Modern Genetics: Bateson
Father of Human Genetics/ Biochemical genetics: Arachibald Garrod
Father of Experimental Genetics: T.H. Morgan
Father of Haploid Genetics / Neurospora Genetics: Dodge
Father of Ecology: Theophrastus
Father of Cloning: Ian Willmut
Father of Plant anatomy: Grew
Father of Histology (Microscopic anatomy): Malpighi
Father of Cytology: Robert Hooke
Father of modern Cytology: Swanson
Father of Paleontology: Leonard da Vinci
Father of modern Paleontology: Cuvier
Father of Concept of Evolution: Empedocles
Father of Botany: Theophrastus
Father of Modern Botany: Bauhin
Father of Zoology: Aristotle
Father of Biochemistry: Liebig
Father of Epidemiology: John Snow
Father of Plant Pathology: de Bary
Father of Modern Pathology: Rudolf Virchow
Father of Genetic Engineering: Paul Berg
Father of Gene therapy: Anderson
Father of Ethology: Konard Lorentz
Father of Endocrinology: Thomas Addison
Father of Eugenics: Galton
Father of Gerontology: Korenchevsk
Father of Palynology: Erdtman
Father of Stress physiology: Hans Selye
Father of Electrocardiography: Einthoven
Father of DNA Fingerprinting: Alec Jeffery
Father of Mycology: Micheli
Father of Bryology: Hedwig
Father of Phycology: Father of ATP cycle: Lipmann
Father of Chemotherapy: Father of Anatomy: Herophilus
Father of Modern Anatomy: Andreas Vesalius
Father of actinobiology / radiation biology: HJVS Muller
Father of Homeopathy: Hahnemann
Father of Ayurveda: Charka
Father of Surgery and Plastic Surgery: Susruta
Father of Blood circulation: William Harvey
Father of Medicine: Hippocrates
Father of Blood Group: Landsteiner
Father of Polio Vaccine: Jonas Salk
Father of Green Revolution: Norman Borlaug
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
🌻 Schema - the cognitive structure by which individuals intellectually adapt to and organize
their environment.
🌻 Assimilation - the process of fitting new experience into an existing created schema.
🌻 Accommodation - the process of creating a new schema
🌻 Equilibrium - achieving a proper balance between assimilation and accommodation.

Stages of Cognitive Development

🌻 Sensorimotor (birth to 2 years)
Object permanence - ability attained in this stage where he knows that an object still exists
even when out of sight.
🌻 Preoperational Stage ( 2 to 7 years)
Symbolic Function - the ability to represent objects and events.
Egocentrism - the tendency of a child to only see his point of view and assume that everyone
else also has his same point of view.
Centration - the tendency of the child to only focus on one thing or event and exclude other
aspects.
Lack of Conservation - the inability to realize that some things remain unchanged despite
looking different.
Irreversibility - Pre-operational children still have the inability to reverse their thinking.
Animism- the tendency of the child to attribute human-like traits to inanimate objects.
Realism - believing those psychological events, such as dreams are real.
Transudative reasoning - reasoning that is neither inductive nor deductive, reasoning that
appears to be from particular to particular.
🌻 Concrete Operational Stage (7 to 11 years)
Decentering - the ability of the child to perceive the different features of objects and situations.
Reversibility - the ability of the child to follow those certain operations can be done in reverse.
Conservation - the ability to know that certain properties of objects like number, mass, volume
or area do not change even if there is a change in appearance.
Seriation - the ability to arrange things in a series based on one dimension such as weight,
volume, size, etc.
🌻 Formal Operational Stage (11 years and beyond)
Hypothetical Reasoning - ability to come up with different hypothesis about a problem and
weigh data to make judgment.
🌻 Analogical Reasoning - ability to perceive the relationship in one instance and use that
relationship to narrow down possible answers in similar problems.
🌻 Deductive Reasoning - the ability to think logically by applying a general rule to a particular
situation.

GENERAL EDUCATON IMPORTANT NOTES

1. Fr. Pedro Pelaez- Secularization Movement.
2. Limited- Mother Financial Problem.
3. Polka- NOT a folk dance from Mexico.
4. Bodabil- A play NOT from the Spanish Era.
5. Acta de Tejeros- Rejected Aguinaldo as President.
6. Folklore- The Philosophy of oir folks during Pre-hispanic Era.
7. Katalinuhan- Basal o Di-Koncreto.
8. Spanish Surnames- by Narciso Claveria.
9. Leeches:Anticoagulation - Segmented:Worm
10. Biotechnology*
11. Teaching is like... Simile is not in the choices but METAPHOR* is there.
12. Rebirth- Rennaisance
13. Bitterness- Rancor
14. Oxygen- Waste product of photosynthesis.
15. Tissue- Group of cells.
16. Spencer- Survival of the Fittest.
17. Pagsang-ayon- Kasalungat ng pagtugol.
18. In Vitro Fertilization - Test tube babies.
19. Kuwit- Paghihiwalay ng mga sunod-sunod na pangungusap.
20. Pangungusap- Salita o grupo ng mga salit
21. P3,200- Manufactured bed P4,000 less 20%.
22. 20 Times - How many times digit 7 appears between 1-100.
23. Lupang Hinirang- Pamagat ng Nat'l Anthem ng Pilipinas.
24. Balagtasan- Uri ng pagtatanghal na binubuo ng paligsahan ng dalawang makata.
25. Elements*
26. Oxygen- These are compounds EXCEPT.
27. K-III - Anong grade tinuturo ang mother tongue.
28. Chat room-Science Subject.
29. Learning is an active process - What is violated when Teacher Ivon just lectures while
students listen.
30. Pancreas- Organ who secretes insulin.
31. Multi-grade class- Combining 2-3 grade level
32. K-12- Kindergarten is compulsory before proceed to grade 1.
33. 45,46- Consecutive number whose sum is 91.
34. Developmental Portfolio- Penmanship skills of the students in the biggining, middle, and
after the school year.
35. Persiflage- Praise glowingly.
36. Indefatigable- Tireless.
37. Working- The father finally found the time to rest after_____the whole day.
38. Irrelevant- Impertinent
39. I, II ( I-trial and error, II-stimulus response) - Behaviorism anchored with the theories related
to.
40. 5x3x2x2x2- Prime factor of 120.
41. I, II, III ( I-Participative Learning, II- Constructive planning, III- innovative Planning) -
Formulation of teachers professional development plan.
42. Diksyunaryo- Kahulugan ng mga salita.
43. Routine*
44. Operant Conditioning- Skinner
45. Authentic Assessment- Real-life.
46- Developmental Portfolio- Display the drawings of the childrens.
47. Below 75- Did not meet expectation.
48. Pagkatakot- Gabi na ngunit bakit wala pa siya.
49. Brigada Eskwela- Bayanihan in School.
50. Drive- MotivationMarch 2018
51. Pre-conventional (Mutual Benefit) - reward, star, stamp.
52. Post-conventional(Common Good) - A taxi driver returned the baggage left by the
passenger.
53. Blood Compact- Legazpi and Rajah Sikatuna in Bohol.
54. Sounds- Phonology
55. Socialization- Participafing and functioning members of the society by figting into organize
way of living.
56. Drawing- Visual/Spatial.
57. Heirarchy of Biology Taxonomy - Has 8 levels.
58. Spiral Curriculum- K-12
59. Essentialism- Basic/Essential.
60. "Ganyan lang talaga"- Teacher Mediocrity.
61. Punishment- A quiz NOT as.
62. Should match with the objectives- Criterion reference.
63. Professional Licensed- Signed by the PRC.
64. CPU - brain of the computer.
65. Sa kanyang ama (Padre Damaso) - Saan namana ni Maria Clara ang kanyang pagka mestiza.
66. Resource Provider- Role of the teachers play when they help their colleagues by sharing
instructional resources.
67. Deductive- From Generalization to Specific.
68. Motivation- Part of lesson developme t is concerned with mood setting.
69. Field Trip - Stimulate more senses.
70. Visual Imagery- Graphic Organizer.
71. Tax reform for Acceleration and INclusion-TRAIN Law means....
72. Archipelago - Philippines is an...
73. Has - Population in the Philippines_____increase tremendously.
74. Conservation- about Mother Earth.
75. Stress the positive aspects of culture- IP ( Indigenous People)
76. Spreadsheet - Performs computation.
77. Biosphere - Air, Water, and Land.
78. Philippine Qualifications Framework- What does PQF means.
79. Reforestation - Solution due to increasing global warming.
80. Long and Dictated - NOT characteristics in giving assignments.
81. Bread Provider- NOT the role of a Mother during Pre-Hispanic Era.
82. 45 units - CPD units need for teachers to renew the license BEFORE
NOW 15 units only

1. What are the prime factors of 273?

A. 3*3*7*9
B. 3*17*11
C. 3*6*9*11
D. 3*7*13
2. When a person shows the ability to understand and appreciate the similarities and
differences in the customs, values, and beliefs of one's culture, that person is said to _____.
A. possess multicultural literacy
B. possess socioclutural awareness
C. possess global awareness
D. possess social literacy
3. The statue was erected in _____ to war heroes.
A. protection
B. defense
C. irreverence
D. homage
4. Which word contains a bound root?
A. rewrite
B. rest
C. remit
D. redo
5. An individual has the right to file writ of amparo before the investigation of an administartive
case filed against them. What fundamental right is invoked by the individual?
A. right to life, liberty, and security
B. right to due process
C. right to defended by a public attorney
D. right to self-defense
6. Which of the following is expressed clearly, effectively states the idea, and has no structural
error?
A. The criteria was finalized for judging the candidate.
B. The criteria for judging the candidate has been finalized.
C. The criteria has been finalized for judging the candidate.
D. The criteria for judging the candidates have been finalized.
7. Who has the power to declare the existence of a state of war?
A. Chief Justice
B. President
C. Senate President
D. Congress
8. Which among the following represents the single most important deterrent for the use of
nuclear power?
A. disposal of radioactive wastes
B. possibility of nuclear accidents
C. scarcity of radioactive elements
D. time frame needed for formalities, planning, and building of a new nuclear plant
9. The test was hard for Pall and _____.
A. me
B. I
C. myself
D. himself
10. Which of the following lengths is the longest?
A. 555 cm
B. 5.5 m
C. .005 km
D. 5555 mm
11. Which of the following sentences is preferable?
A. The project lasted only three months.
B. The project lasted three months only.
C. The only project lasted three months.
D. The project only lasted three months.
12. Piliin ang gawi pagsasalita: Ayokong sumunod sa mga sinasabi mo.
A. babala
B. pagtangi
C. pakiusap
D. pamungkahi
13. Which does not belong?
A. conclusion
B. surmise
C. hypothesis
D. conjecture
14. Siya ang kauna-unahang nagsalin sa tagalong ng Noli Me Tangere ni Rizal at siya rin ang
nagtaguyod ng pahayagang “El Resumen”.
A. Jose Maria Panganiban
B. Julian Felipe
C. Pascual Poblete
D. Emilio Jacinto
15. What type of thermo-nuclear reaction occurs in the sun which generates a tremendous
amount of heat energy?
A. fission
B. radiation
C. convection
D. fusion
16. I _____ get up early on Saturdays.
A. mustn't
B. needn't to
C. don't need to
D. haven't to
17. A group of young people from four countries gathered together for an international
conference: 40 from Manila, 60 from Japan, 35 from Thailand, and 45 from Singapore. The
participants will form discussion groups with equal number of members from each country in
each group. What is the greatest number of discussion groups that can be formed?
A. 5
B. 15
C. 20
D. 25
18. Ano ang awiting bayan ng mga taga-Pampanga?
A. Pamulinawen
B. Ati Cu Pung singsing
C. Dandansoy
D. Leron Leron Sinta
19. Which among the following represents the smallest unit of life?
A. embryo
B. organelle
C. cell
D. atom
20. Which of the following is expressed clearly, effectively states the idea, and has no structural
error?
A. A strange car kept blinking the lights at us as he followed closely.
B. A strange car followed closely, and he kept blinking his lights at us.
C. A strange car followed us closely, and its driver kept blinking his lights at us.
D. A strange car, blinking the lights at us, followed closely.
21. N. Copernicus believed that the Church was wrong about the sun revolving around the
earth. Advancing his theory that the Earth revolved around the sun eventally cost him his life.
What scientific attitude is seen in his actions?
A. egotism
B. selflessness
C. revolutionary
D. positivism
22. What is the function of DIFFUSION in the human body?
A. Regulates blood flow
B. Plays an insignificant role in the body's functioning
C. Allows an even distribution of substances throughout all cells of the body
D. Comes into play in times of extreme illness
23. One package is 100 pounds, and the other is 150 pounds. The weight of the second package
is how many times that of the first?
A. 1½ times heavier
B. ½ as heavy
C. none of these
D. 10 pounds heavier
24. Of the two candidates for this government position, Jose Maria is the _____ because of his
experience in the field.
A. most qualified because
B. most qualified due to
C. more qualified due
D. more qualified because of
25. Unless we find a witness to corroborate your evidence, it will not stand courts.
CORROBORATE means:
A. Negate
B. Confirm
C. Collaborate
D. Interpret
26. Maggie will be ready to leave _____ about thirty minutes.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. where
27. According to the modern periodic law, the chemical properties of the elements are periodic
functions of their _____.
A. atomic weight
B. isotopic weight
C. atomic number
D. atomic mass
28. It's the fifteenth _____ March.
A. of
B. from
C. in
29. Ito ay lipon ng mga salitang walang buong diwa.
A. sugnay
B. parirala
C. pangungusap
D. salita
30. The areas of Navotas, Valenzuela and Caloocan are always flooded during rainy season. The
engineers account this to high tide especially in July and August. But really it is _____.
A. below sea level
B. under sea level
C. approximately of sea level
D. above sea level
31. What is the least common multiple of 24 and 80?
A. 360
B. 80
C. 240
D. 480
32. Which of the following methods can all diabetics control their condition and avoid heart
disease and blindness?
I. Regulating their intake of glucose
II. Increasing the levels of insulin in the body by taking insulin injections
Ill. Maintaining a reasonable exercise regimen to keep weight down.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II
D. I and III
33. Which is the main goal of drug abuse education?
A. arrest
B. prevention
C. control
D. rehabilitation
34. A society cannot exist without a government. Which word is synonymous with government?
A. domination
B. authority
C. restraint
D. check-and-balance
35. Four mangoes cost P29.00. At that price what will 2½ dozen mangoes cost?
A. Php217.50
B. Php188.50
C. Php348.50
D. Php870.00
36. A secret word that must be entered into the computer before a person is allowed access to
information is called _____.
A. input
B. password
C. program
D. statement
37. Any criminal justice system is an apparatus that society uses to enforce the standards of
conduct necessary to protect individuals and the community. It operates by apprehending,
prosecuting, convicting, sentencing these members of the community who violate the basic
rules of group existence. The action taken against law breakers is designed to serve three
purposes beyond the immediately punitive one. It removes dangerous people from the
community; it deters others from criminal behavior and it gives society an opportunity to
attempt to transform lawbreakers into law-abiding citizens. It is pointed out in the passage that
one of the effects of the criminal justice system is to _____.
A. investigate the reasons behind criminal behavior
B. take immediate action against the community
C. prevent the enforcement of capital punishment
D. give guidelines for group existence
38. How many miles per second is the speed of light
A. 100000
B. 186000
C. 2 million
D. the distance that light travels in one year
39. Which of the following is an important factor in explaining why seasons occur on Earth?
A. Earth rotates on its axis.
B. The sun rotates on its axis.
C. Earth's axis is tilted.
D. The sun's axis is tilted.
40. What is the area of a rhombus whose diagonals measure 10 m and 12 m respectively?
A. 120 sq m
B. 100 sq m
C. 60 sq m
D. 360 sq m
41. _____, leisure promotes health, efficiency and happiness.
A. Using it wisely
B. If it used wisely
C. Having used it wisely
D. Because it is used wisely
42. Ano ang kahulugan ng pangungusap na ito: Ilista mo na lamang sa tubig ang aking utang.
A. Kalimutan mo na lamang ang utang.
B. Magbabayad din ng utang.
C. Tubig ang listahan.
D. Nasa tubig ang utang.
43. Upang hindi madala ng agos ang barko, ibinaba ng mga mandaragat ang _____.
A. pang-angkla
B. salung-alon
C. angkora
D. timpulan
44. He has not _____.
A. not only violated the law, but also he has escaped punishment
B. violated not only the law, but also he has escaped punishment
C.
D. violated not only the law, but he has escaped punishment also
45. Which of the following was the first to happen?
A. Aguinaldo was captured.
B. Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence.
C. Guerilla warfare against the US was initiated.
D. The Philippines was ceded to the US by the Treaty of Paris.
46. _____ you assist me later, sir?
A. May
B. Would
C. Could
D. Will
47. Jerome answered 80% of the 50 items correctly in a test. How many items did he answer
correctly?
A. 40
B. 44
C. 45
D. 50
48. Who does the canvassing of votes for the President and the Vice President in every
election?
A. Comelec and Chief Justice
B. Senate and Congress
C. Supreme Court and Congress
D. Joint committee of Congress
49. In writing a letter, which productivity tool is used?
A. word processing
B. Publisher
C. spreadsheet
D. PageMaker
50. What committee was founded in 1978 to promote effective cooperation and enhance
solidarity among the peoples of ASEAN?
A. Committee on Culture and Information
B. Committee on Regional Cooperation
C. Committee on Culture and Arts
D. Committee on Cultural Heritage
51. Teachers should provide students with appropriate activities that will develop their ability
to think critically. Which of the following of global education should be employed to realize this
goal?
A. process-mindedness
B. perspective consciousness
C. system consciousness
D. involvement consciousness
52. _____ sa noo ng maysakit.
A. Labi
B. Bibig
53. Marami na naming nasagap na alimuon si Rosalie nang magtungo siya sa plasa kahapon.
A. masamang hangin
B. bali-balita
C. uri ng sayaw
D. mga paligsahan
54. Pinagtibay ang Batas Komonwelt Blg. 570, na nagtatadhana bukod sa iba pa, na ang
Pambansang Wikang Pilipino isa sa magiging wikang opisyal ng Pilipinas simula Hulyo 4, 1946.
A. Hunyo 7, 1940
B. Hulyo 7, 1940
C. Hunyo 4, 1940
D. Hulyo 4, 1942
55. Which has become a prototype of other schemes that defeated the real and true purpose of
the CARL?
A. the conversion of farmlands to industrial complexes
B. the stock option scheme of Hacienda Luisita
C. the conversion from agricultural to subdivision
D. the voluntary offer to sell
56. Which of the following statements is a direct proportion?
A. 9:12 = 3:5
B. 4:7 = 2:14
C. 6:11 = 3:21
D. 7:10 = 14:20
57. Which is the best definition of inclusive education endorsed by the DepEd?
A. It is a flexible and individualized support system for children and youth with special
education needs.
B. It is a mandate to include all children and youth in community activities.
C. It is a system to support children and youth in exclusive schools.
D. It is a special support for children and youth who cannot attend school.
58. What intermolecular forces do geckos and other lizards use to stick to walls and ceilings?
A. Van der Waals forces
B. static ionic attractions
C. hydrogen bonding
D. dipole-dipole attractions
59. Mang Tacio has been unemployed for quite sometime due to his negative attitudes toward
work. Which program of the Department of Social welfare and Services will help him?
A. Income in Kind Program
B. Anti-Medicancy program
C. HRD Program
D. Social Insurance Program
60. Where are most asteroids located?
A. orbiting all planets
B. around Pluto's orbit
C. between the orbits of Venus and Earth
D. between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter
61. What percentage of ultraviolet (UV) light does the ozone layer block?
A. 0.99
B. 0.9
C. 0.1
D. 0.01
62. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang pangungusap na may paksa?
A. Nagbabasa sila sa aklatan.
B. Kayganda ng paglubog ng araw!
C. May pasok na bukas?
D. Mainit ngayon.
63. Lisa bought a big bag of candy at a warehouse store. There are 102 pieces of candy in the
bag. Lisa needs to divide the candy up into smaller bags. She wants to put the same number of
pieces in each small bag. How may small bags could Lacey use?
A. 17
B. 18
C. 19
D. 20
64. Someone wrote: "Environment relates to the profound relationship between matter,
nature, and society, and in such a context, ICTs bring new ways of living in a more
interconnected society, all of which reduces our dependency on matter and affects our
relationship with nature." What does this convey?
A. Environment and ICT are poles apart.
B. ICT impacts on environment.
C. Environment affects ICT.
D. ICT brings us away from an interconnected society.
65. What is the largest planet in our solar system?
A. Saturn
B. Jupiter
C. Neptune
D. Earth
66. Why was San Andres Cooperative Association of Paco, Manila not exempted from taxation?
A. It accumulated reserves and undivided net savings of Php8,000,000.00
B. It accumulated reserves and undivided net savings of Php10,000.00
C. It accumulated reserves and undivided net savings Php9,000,000.00
D. It accumulated reserves and undivided net savings of Php11,000.00
67. If no more solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature, then that solution is
called _____.
A. saturated
B. unstable
C. saturable
D. dispersed
68. Which enables the computer to communicate with other computers over the telephone?
A. network
B. modem
C. internet
D. hypermedia
69. Which kingdom should STREPTOCOCCUS be classified?
A. Protista
B. Plantae
C. Fungi
D. Monera
70. Which department has the authority to make laws and to alter them when needed?
A. executive
B. legislative
C. judicial
D. none of these
71. Alin ang angkang pinagmulan ng mga wika sa Pilipinas?
A. Indones Polinesyo
B. Malay
C. Indonesya
D. Malayo Polinesyo
72. What is the exact date of Rizal’s birth?
A. June 19, 1862
B. June 19, 1858
C. June 19, 1861
D. June 19, 1860
73. The following table summarizes the scores of Section A on the recent periodic test in Social
Studies. What is the median score interval?
Score16−2324−3132−3940−4748−5556−62Frequency24612108
A. 24-31
B. 32-39
C. 40-47
D. 48-55
74. Which of these fractions lies between 1/5 and 5/9?
A. 2/3
B. 3/5
C. 1/6
D. 1/4
75. Which word ends with [S] pronounced [Z]?
A. maps
B. Jakes
C. laughs
D. buys
76. You own a small rectangular box measuring 3 cm x 2 cm. If the dimensions of this box is
increased by 10%, what is the area of the resulting box?
A. 6.26 sq cm
B. 6.22 sq cm
C. 7.12 sq cm
D. 7.26 sq cm
77. She _____ the laundry every other day.
A. is doing
B. does
C. will do
D. is going to do
78. Different volumes of quantities X and Y were measure to find out how they were related to
each other. These values were plotted as shown in the graph. Which of the following
statements would best described the graph?
A. Y is equal to X
B. Y is directly proportional to X
C. Y is inversely proportional to X
D. Y is multiplied by X is constant
79. If a farmer would want assistance like pricing, guarantee for all agricultural produce or
cooperative management training, where would he go?
A. Support Services of the Department of Agrarian Reform
B. Special Agrarian Court under the Regional Trial court
C. DAR adjudication board
D. Land bank
80. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang may pormasyong KKP?
A. ako
B. multo
C. aktor
D. tsinelas
81. Alin sa mga salita ang kasingkahulugan ng salitang may salungguhit? Ang ama ni Pipoy ay
kilalang bulanggugo sa kanilang lalawigan.
A. laging ibinubulong
B. laging handang gumasta
C. laging handang makipag-away
D. laging handang makipagtalo
82. A car dealer is offering a rebate of Php7,500.00 on any new-car purchase. If the purchase
price of a car is Php200,000.00 more than it was last year, what is the rate of discount offered
by the rebate?
A. 10%
B. 14.2%
C. 7.5%
D. not enough information is given
83. What utterance shows determination?
A. This time, I have not made my mind.
B. This time I won’t stop schooling.
C. I have good news for you.
D. What a shame, she came back.
84. The death of the Boac River in Marindoque is caused by _____.
A. improper disposal of mine tailings
B. unusually high temperature in the province
C. negligence on the part of government authorities
D. carelessness in waste disposal among the people in the community
85. Upon which is based the claim that there is no single universal standard to be used to judge
any culture?
A. cultural relativism
B. culture shock
C. cultural diversity
D. ethical relativism
86. All is well that ends well. The hatchet is buried as the dye is cast. The second line means:
A. The action is done and every feeling is forgiven as it is forgotten.
B. The weapon is buried.
C. Judgment is given.
D. in serious trouble
87. Factor completely the expression: 2ta3−54a2b+36ab2−8b3.
A. (3a−3b)3
B. (a−3b)3
C. (4a−3b)3
D. (3a−2b)3
88. Ang Itay ay alimbuyaw nang dumating kanina.
A. aburido
B. masaya
C. patakbo
D. sumigaw
89. Which is true about the Philippines?
A. It was colonized by Spain, Portugal, America, and Japan.
B. It has been part of the world's economy since the Spanish colonial rule.
C. It is one of the least populated countries in the world.
D. It has two autonomous regions - ARMM and CAR.
90. "Run from anything that gives you the evil thought... But stay close to anything that makes
you want to do right." This is about defeating _____.
A. wrong decisions
B. righteousness
C. temptation
D. faith
91. The elevator can carry a maximum load of 605 kg. How many passengers of weight 50.5 kg
each can the elevator hold?
A. 12
B. 11.9
C. 11
D. 10
92. What is the least common denominator for the following fractions? 3/5; 5/8; 2/3
A. 8
B. 16
C. 120
D. 24
93. There had been recent bank runs and bank closures. How much of the deposits is covered
for reimbursement by the PDIC or Philippine Deposit and insurance corporation
A. Php 100 thousand
B. Php 100 million
C. Php 50 thousand
D. Php 2 million
94. Children who have exposed too much to TV suffer from usually short _____.
A. learning
B. attention span
C. concentration
D. understanding
95. When a teacher is charged with administrative case committed in the lawful discharge of
professinal duties, what right may the teacher invoke for their defense?
A. right to receive compensation in the duration of the case
B. right to be given the due process of law
C. right to be defended by the organization of teachers to which they are a member
D. right to be provided with free legal service by the appropriate office
96. The ratio of sales of T-shirts in sizes small, medium, and large were 5:3:2. If the store was
planning to stock 220 shirts, how many should it purchase for each size?
A. 120 small; 60 medium; 40 large
B. 110 small; 66 medium; 44 large
C. 100 small; 70 medium; 50 large
D. 100 small; 60 medium; 60 large
97. Which application program provides users with a means to organize and present
information through the use of text, numbers, graphs, sounds, and visual images?
A. multimedia
B. Publisher
C. spreadsheet
D. word processing
98. A behavioral psychologist would probably say that _____.
A. introspection is a useful way to study mental processes
B. the mind is most important when analyzing behavior
C. we act based on rewards and punishments received
D. the unconsciousness stimulates our behavior
99. What is the maximum number of books, each 1.4 cm thick that can be put vertically in a
shelf which is 64 cm long?
A. 44
B. 45
C. 46
D. 64
100. What are the two missing numbers in this sequence? 1,2,4,7,11,16, _____, 29, _____, 46
A. 22, 35
B. 23, 36
C. 23, 38
D. 22, 37
101. Which idea contradicts the concept of free will?
A. evolutionary theory
B. creationism
C. memetics
D. biological determinism
102. If there are 80 small squares in one large square and 50 small squares are shaded, what
percent of the large squares is shaded?
A. 50%
B. 55%
C. 62.5%
D. 70%
103. During a recent shopping spree, Tomas and Nena bought some new accessories for their
apartment. Nena chose a crocheted throw pillow at Php24.95, and Tomas purchased a rural
landscape painting for Php135.00. How much did they actually spend if they paid 7% sales tax
on their purchases?
A. Php171.15
B. Php139.25
C. Php148.75
D. Php159.95
104. The student leader was suspended because _____.
A. he felt responsible for his deeds
B. he violated school regulation
C. he was motivated to rebel
D. he listened to the elders
105. A circular table is 6m in diameter and it has a circular side around it of 1m wide. What is
the area of the side in square meters?
A. 8 sq m
B. 4 sq m
C. 7 sq m
D. 5 sq m
106. The zigzag road to Baguio represents which kind of simple machine?
A. lever
B. wheel and axle
C. wedge
D. inclined plane
107. "Kung sa langit ay nabubuhay ang sa lupa ay namamatay ano't kinatatakutan ang oras ng
kamatayan." Anong damdamin ang ipinapahayag nito?
A. maging matapang
B. maging mapagpasensiya
C. mapagbigay
D. matatag sa buhay
108. What a student can do differs from what he will do. What does this prove?
A. Motivation and ability always go together.
B. Students of today are hardly motivated.
C. Ability is the opposite of motivation.
D. Motivation differs from ability.
109. Arthur has blended coffee worth 95 pesos per kilogram with coffee worth 115 pesos per
kilogram to make 50 kilograms of coffee that will be sold at 107 pesos per kilogram. How many
kilograms of each kind did he blend?
A. 20 kilos of 95/kg and 30 kilos of 115/kg
B. 30 kilos of 95/kg and 30 kilos of 115/kg
C. 30 kilos of 95/kg and 50 kilos of 115/kg
D. 60 kilos of 95/kg and 30 kilos of 115/kg
110. Which of the following types of societies came first during societal evolution?
A. horticultural
B. industrial
C. agricultural
D. mass
111. Which of these capitalized words do NOT rhyme?
A. I know it CLEAR.
B. That’s not easy to BEAR.
C. It shows, it’s a SHEER truth.
D. Let’s give a CHEER.
112. Dadalaw sa mga paaralan si Dr. F. Salas, ang tagapamanihala ng mga paaralang lungsod, sa
lungsod ng Pasay. Ang pangungusap ay nagagamit bilang _____.
A. panuring
B. paksa
C. tuwirang-layon
D. pamuno
113. A Boy Scout leaps into the sea to save a companion in danger of being drowned, though he
may lose his life. Is he morally responsible to risk his life?
A. No.
B. It depends on whether the Boy Scout can swim or not.
C. Yes.
D. No, if the boy being drowned did it to commit suicide.
114. Water covers about 75% of the Earth's surface and yet some people still do not gave
enough water to drink. Why?
I. Most of the world's water is salty.
II. Most of our bodies of water are polluted by chemicals.
III. Most freshwater are frozen in ice caps.
A. I and II
B. I, II, and III
C. II and III
D. I and III
115. Huwag mo nang ituloy ang demanda, para ka lang bumangga sa pader.
A. naubos ang pera sa sugal
B. lumalaban sa makapangyarihan
C. anak na maliit
D. kinukwartahan
116. Some of my friends _____ here.
A. are
B. was
C. will
D. am
117. "Ako’y isang ahas na sa kasukalan gumagapang." Ito’y isang _____.
A. metaphor
B. simile
C. personifikasyon
D. sinekdoke
118. A meter stick was cut into 2 at the 25 cm mark. What is the ratio of the smaller piece to
the larger piece?
A. 1:3
B. 2:5
C. 3:4
D. 4:5
119. Magsikap tayo _____ umunlad ang ating buhay.
A. ng
B. nang
120. Ang balitang pinagbatayan ng isang editoryal ay tinatawag na _____.
A. lead
B. news peg
C. inverted pyramid
D. headline
121. Which practice should be avoided if we are to develop worthwhile values among the
learners?
A. Be a good model of the value to be taught
B. Encourage openness and sincerity among learners
C. Pass judgments on the write and wrong behaviors of learners
D. Allow learners to express their thoughts, feelings and emotions
122. Have you seen the book _____ I was reading?
A. who
B. that
C. what
123. Ano ang kaisipan ang nangingibabaw? “Full many a flower born to blush unseen, and
waste its sweetness in the dessert”
A. Maraming bulaklak ang nalalanta dahil hindi ito naaalagaan
B. Maraming talento o galing ang hindi napapaunlad at nasasayang
C. Maraming talento at hindi napapansin at naglalaho na lamang
D. Maraming bulaklak ang namulaklak na hindi napapansin at nasasayang ang bango nito sa
disyerto.
124. The statement, "She is a rose" is an example of a _____.
A. idiom
B. metaphor
C. simile
D. hyperbole
125. Lucy's husband has been a drug dependent. She wanted him rehabilitated to be
economically productive. Where will she commit her husband?
A. DARN
B. Bukang Liwayway Center
C. DARE
D. NFPI
126. Which philosophical premise does not support scientific inquiry?
A. Reality is objective.
B. Group awareness is an integral part of knowledge.
C. Human perceptual system correctly perceive reality.
D. Rational explanations exist for real-world phenomena.
127. Find the general equation of the line which passes through the points (2,-1) and (-3,5).
A. 6x +5y -7 = 0
B. 5x -6y -7 = 0
C. 6x +7y -5 = 0
D. 6x +6y -5 = 0
128. Many middle class individuals find that they cannot obtain good medical attention, _____.
A. despite they need it badly
B. despite their bad need of it
C. in spite of they need it badly
D. however, much they need it
129. _____ in nature.
A. She not only was competent but also friendly
B. She not was only competent but friendly also
C. She not only was competent but friendly also
D. She was not only competent but also friendly
130. Find the volume of a toy ball whose radius us 2 cm.
A. 33.49 cu cm
B. 48.56 cu cm
C. 51.76 cu cm
D. 50.24 cu cm
131. Are you going shopping now? No, but _____ later.
A. I might go
B. I might to go
C. I might going
D. I might be go
132. When the robber ordered the hostages to lie face down on the ground, they _____
without argument.
A. did such
B. did so
C. so did
D. such
133. The existence of extraterrestrial life may never be proven, but this idea will become more
scientifically acceptable over time if _____.
A. hypothesis ae made related to the idea
B. no one disputes this idea in a scientific forum
C. alternative hypotheses are proposed and confirmed
D. increasing scientific evidence supporting the idea
134. The virus “Love bug” is a recent technological element spread by the _____.
A. internet
B. radio
C. television
D. computer
135. Which factoring technique will best help you to factor the expression: x2+6x−7=0?
A. difference of two cubes
B. common monomial factor
C. grouping
D. completing the square
136. renewable
A. a resource that is inexhaustible
B. a process where one plate is forced under another
C. the blanket of air surrounding the Earth
D. describes how different types of rocks are formed
137. A man started painting a wall of 9:00 a.m. an was able to finish painting 3/5 of it at 10:30
a.m. continuing at this rate at what time will he finish painting the wall?
A. 10:45 a.m.
B. 11:30 a.m.
C. 11:45 a.m.
D. 12:15 p.m.
138. "Pinutol mo/ dagkung kahoy/ dahil dito/ gumulong ang mga bato/ ania na, ania na, ania
na..." Ang linya ng awit ay nagpapatunay ng _____.
A. diglossic na kalagayan ng wika
B. paggamit ng lalawiganing antas
C. code-switching
D. intelektwalisasyon
139. When light falls on soap bubbles, the band of seven colors seen is due to _____.
A. difraction
B. reflection
C. scattering
D. interference
140. I happen to have unknowingly received counterfeit money from someone. At the earliest
opportunity. I pass it on to someone who is not aware. Am I held morally responsible?
A. No, you are only passing on to another the burden that you unknowingly received.
B. No, the counterfeit money did not originally come from me.
C. Yes, your act is a perfect voluntary one.
D. Yes, because you committed another wrong.
141. Which of the following should you expect to be true about the rate of cellular respiration
for a group of students who are the same age, height, and weight?
A. Athletes would tend to have higher rates of cellular respiration than non-athletes.
B. Africans would have a higher rate of cellular respiration than Asians.
C. Boys would have a higher rate of cellular respiration than girls.
D. Non-athletes would have higher rates of cellular respiration than athletes.
142. The word 'symbiosis' literally means 'living together'. Which of the following pairs
demonstrate symbiosis?
A. bee and bean flower
B. hawk and chick
C. dog and flea
D. monkey and banana
143. You inherited tallness from your father. Physical traits are transmitted from parents to
pffsprings through _____.
A. gametes
B. chromosomes
C. alleles
D. genes
144. Angiosperms are known as _____.
A. flowering bearing
B. cone bearing
C. spore bearing
D. seed bearing
145. Like the typewriter, the computer has a _____.
A. keyboard
B. sceen
C. disk drive
D. cursor
146. Piliin ang salitang may diptonggo.
A. yoyong
B. kamay
C. lawa
D. tihaya
147. Students _____ near the registrar's office to ask for their schedule.
A. crowd
B. congregate
C. stay idling
D. disperse
148. A high-minded person wouldn’t lie. The word high-minded means _____.
A. unprincipled
B. mean
C. corrupt
D. honorable
149. Max is planning to take a leisurely stroll around their rectangular patio, which measures
27.7 m long and 21.5 m wide. How far does Max have to walk?
A. 96.4 m
B. 120.4 m
C. 98.4 m
D. 88.4 m
150. atmosphere
A. a resource that is inexhaustible
B. the thickest layer of the Earth
C. the blanket of air surrounding the Earth
D. describes how different types of rocks are formed

Philippine History
1. Ferdinand Magellan – named the Philippines “Islas de San Lazaro’
2. Roy Lopez de Villalobos – named the Philippines “Las Islas Filipinas”
3. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi - known as El Adelantado and first governor of the Philippines from
1565 until his death
4. José Rizal - the national hero of the Philippines
5. Isabelo de los Reyes – founder of Philippine socialism
6. Claro M. Recto – Great Dissenter
7. Pedro Abad Santos – founded the socialist party of Philippines in 1929
8. Jomalul Kiram II – last sultan of Sulu
9. Julio Nakpil – husband of Gregoria de Jesus after Andres Bonifacio
10. Felipe Agoncillo – first Filipino diplomat
11. Emilio Jacinto – wrote the “Kartilla” and brain of the Katipunan.
12. Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol – Spanish gov. gen. who ordered the deportation of Rizal to
Dapitan
13. Apolinario de la Cruz – Known as Hermano Pule
14. Grogoria de Jesus – first woman member of Katipunan. Lakambini of Katipunan
15. Emilio Aguinaldo – created the designs for the Philippine national flag
16. Sergeant Ferdinand Lamadrid – Filipino soldier who led the Cavite Mutiny of 1872
17. Apolinario Mabini – chief advisor of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
18. Gregorio del Pilar – hero of the Battle at the Tirad Pass
19. Carmen Planas – first woman councilor of Manila
20. Ramon Magsaysay – former president died in a plane crash
21. Francisco Dagohoy – led the longest revolt in the Philippines during the Spanish times
22. Gabriela Silang – wife of Diego Silang, continued the revolt against the Spaniards in the
Ilocos region after Diego’s death
23. Simeon Ola – last general of the Filipino-American revolution to surrender to the Americans
24. Ignacio Villamor – first Filipino president of the University of the Philippines
25. Apolinario Mabini – subime paralytic and the brain of revolution
26. General Antonio Luna – greatest general of the revolution and editor of La In dependencia
27. Melchora Aquino – known as Tandang Sora. Recognized as the Grand Woman of Revolution
and the Mother of Balintawak.
28. Graciano Lopez-Jaena – founder and first editor of La Solidaridad
29. Fernando Ma. Guerrero – greatest lyric poet in Spanish.
30. Juan Luna – A genius of the brush and a patriot of the highest order. He is a brother of Gen.
Antonio Luna. And a creator of creator of the world-famous painting, SPOLARIUM.31. Pedro
Paterno – negotiator/mediator of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and helped prepare the Malolos
constitution.
32. Leona Florentino – first poetess of the Philippines. Her poems were given international
recognition at the Exposicion in Madrid in 1887 and in Paris in 1889

STUDY TIPS TO STUDY EFFECTIVELY WITH A HELP OF A FACT IN STUDYING

📍BEST TIME TO STUDY
4 AM - 6 AM — Brain Function: 100%
6 AM - 8 AM — Brain Function: 50%
8 AM - AFTERNOON — Brain Function: 35%
NIGHT — Brain Function: 20%
REMINDER: it is also effective if you will study for about a week before the upcoming exam.
don't cram in reviewing the day before the exam. leave one day for not studying to rest your
brain and prevent drainage.
📍 NIGHT SLEEP
— minimun: 6 hours
— maximum: 8 hours
📍 BRAIN OXYGEN LEVEL
— BREAKFAST: 60-80% (heavy meal/breakfast)
— LUNCH: 10-20%
— DINNER: 30-40%
📎FOR MORE OXYGEN TO THE BRAIN:
— do regular meditation and exercises every morning and evening for about an enough minute
— drink 8-10 glasses of water everyday
— have a balance diet (healthy diet would help)
📍 NUTRITION OF BRAIN
— Protein, Calcium, Omega 3, B Complex, Lecithin, Honey, Bee Polen, and Ginko Biloba
📍 COMMON FOODS TO BOOST YOUR BRAIN AND MEMORY
📎COFFEE
— increased alertness; improved mood; sharpened concentration
📎DARK CHOCOLATE
— the flavonoids in chocolate may help protect the brain. studies have suggested that eating
chocolate could boost both memory and mood.
📎NUTS
— nuts contain a host of brain-boosting nutrients, including vitamin E, healthy fats and plant
compounds.
📎ORANGES
— oranges and other foods that are high in vitamin C can help defend your brain against
damage from free radicals and can be a key to prevent mental decline.
📎EGGS
— eggs are a rich source of several B vitamins and choline, which are important for proper brain
functioning and development, as well as regulating mood.
📍 TIPS FOR MEMORIZATION
— read it 6 times.
— say it 10 times.
— write it 2 times.