English

Quarter 4 - Module 1
Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions Suitable to each Pattern
of Idea Development (General to Particular, Claim and Counterclaim)

What is It

Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions

Suitable to Each Pattern of Idea Development

A paragraph is a group of sentences about a certain idea or topic. It is considered

as one of the building blocks of essays and all other genres of prose. There are many
factors to consider in writing a paragraph. They will enable you to effectively express
your ideas and will help your readers easily understand your content.
• Structure – This refers to the main parts of your paragraph – the topic
sentence, the supporting sentences, and the concluding sentence.

✓ The topic sentence presents the main idea of the paragraph.

This is usually found at the beginning, but can also be stated
in the middle or the end. The topic sentence directs and
summarizes the paragraph.
✓ The supporting sentences provide details, facts, explanations, examples, etc. to
expand and discuss the topic sentence.
✓ The concluding sentence sums up the ideas in the paragraph. Usually, it
restates the main idea and sometimes provides conclusions about the paragraph.

• Idea Development and Organization – An effective paragraph should be unified, clear,

coherent, and well-developed. In developing your ideas, you can use different patterns. One
of them is general to particular/specific.

GENERAL IDEA
GENERAL TO PARTICULAR

✓ This is also known as the deductive method.

✓ You may start the paragraph with a broad topic
followed by supporting details. This can be done by
providing examples, explanations and vivid
descriptions about the topic.
✓ Signal words or transitions can also be used to
express general and particular ideas.
PARTICULAR/
SPECIFIC
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 General ideas are broad and unspecific statements that need to be explained
further. Here are some signal words for general statements and major details.

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR GENERAL STATEMENTS

generally primarily largely in general

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR MAJOR DETAILS

First second third another

furthermore moreover in addition next

Particular or specific ideas clarify, describe, illustrate, provide examples, or

explain general ideas. They support the general idea. Examples of signal words for
specific ideas are listed in the table below.

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR PARTICULAR IDEAS

for instance for example to illustrate to be specific

specifically particularly such as like

GENERAL IDEA PARTICULAR / SPECIFIC

Smoking can cause illnesses like

Smoking is dangerous to your
cancer, respiratory problems and
health.
other chronic diseases.

• The second pattern that can be used is claim and

counterclaim. This includes arguments, their CLAIM AND COUNTERCLAIM
reasons, and evidence that proves your stand.
✓ The use of signal verbs may
✓ A claim refers to a person’s stand on a suggest your stand on a specific
certain subject or issue, whereas a topic.
counterclaim pertains to the opposing ✓ You can also use transition
words or phrases to make your
viewpoint on a topic or a stand.
paragraph clear and cohesive.

✓ Reasons and evidence are important in this

because they support and explain the validity of
an argument.

✓ Transition words and signal verbs may be used to exhibit the

relationship of the claim, the reason and the evidence.

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 The tables below contain examples of grammatical signals or expressions that can be
used for claims, counterclaims, reasons and evidence.

SIGNAL VERBS FOR CLAIMS

agree claim Conclude discuss
illustrate observe Say show
suggest support Think state
propose present point out explain

SIGNAL WORDS/VERBS FOR COUNTERCLAIMS

argue refute disagree oppose
contradict however but in contrast
otherwise notwithstanding in opposition nevertheless
on the other hand / although… while it may be others may say
on the contrary even though… true…still that…but
it’s easy to think… but when you look at
it is often thought/ supposed/imagined…
the facts

To show evidence from other resources, you may use the following transitions:

SIGNAL WORDS FOR CITING EVIDENCE

the work of ______
according to... evidence shows…
indicates…
based on the
the study reveals… (the author) claims
evidence/data…

Take this excerpt from an article as an example. Notice how the author effectively used
grammatical signals to express claims and counterclaims about the topic.

CONSUMING FRIED FOOD, EVEN IN MODERATION, IS HARMFUL TO OUR

HEARTS, SAYS STUDY

The more fried chicken, fish, and potatoes you eat, the more likely you are to
develop serious heart disease in the long term. That’s according to a new scientific
investigation, based on a meta-analysis of nearly 20 studies showing that fried foods are
associated with an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

It’s often believed that certain foods, even though they are considered harmful to
health, are safe when eaten in moderation. But a new study warns of the harmful effects of
fried foods on the heart and arteries, even in small portions. However, the study does have
some limitations, as the researchers themselves point out. For example, the mechanism
behind the impact of these foods on the development of cardiovascular disease is not
entirely clear, though there are some hypotheses. Source:
Inquirer.net

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Independent Activity 2
COMPLETE ME
Directions: Read each sentence carefully and supply the appropriate grammatical
signal to complete its thought. Select your answer from the given pool of words.

on the other hand in contrast according to

such as particularly

1. Klarisse strictly practices different healthy habits ___________ eating nutritious

food, sleeping early, and playing sports.
2. Jenny lives a very simple life. _________, her sister Lenny is very luxurious.
3. __________ to what has been announced, the flight was cancelled.
4. __________ the weather updates, there is 100% chance of heavy rain today.
5. Jony is a big fan of sports, ___________ basketball.

What I Have Learned

After accomplishing the activities, it is time for you to share your insights and
realizations about using appropriate grammatical signals in developing ideas. Complete the
statement in the notepads below.

In this module, Furthermore, I

I learned that… realized that…
____________________ ____________________
_ _
____________________ ____________________
_ _
____________________ ____________________
_ _
____________________ ____________________
_ _
____________________ ____________________
_ _
____________________ ____________________
_ _

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 What I Can Do

Different alternative learning modalities are offered this school year to adapt to the new
normal in education. Write a paragraph about the distance learning modality that your school is
currently implementing. Use the general to particular pattern in writing your ideas.

Your paragraph will be graded based on the given rubric:

Point Value 3 points 2 points 1 point

Topic Sentence Interesting, original Clearly stated topic Missing, invalid, or
topic sentence, sentence inappropriate topic
reflecting thought presents one main sentence; main idea
and insight; focused ide a. is mi ssing.
on one interesting
main idea
Supporting Details Interesting, concrete Sufficient number of Insufficient, vague,
and descriptive examples and details or undeveloped
examples and details that relate to the examples
with explanations topic
that relate to the
topic
Organization Thoughtful, logical Acceptable No discernible
progression of arrangement of pattern of
supporting examples examples organization;
Unrelated details
Transitions Appropriate Inappropriate use of No transitions at all
transitions between transitions
ideas
Mechanics Consistent standard Some errors, but A few errors in
English usage, none major, in usage, spelling, or
spelling and usage, spelling, or punctuation (5 or
punctuation; no punctuation (1-4) more)
errors

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 Additional Activities

One of the most controversial issues nowadays is the vaccine for COVID-19. Read or
watch some news reports about this issue from reliable sources. Then, write an essay that
cites your claim or counterclaim on the development and use of the vaccine. Be reminded to
provide evidence that will support your stand. Also, make use of different grammatical signals to
make your essay cohesive and coherent. Write your output on a separate sheet of paper.

3 2 1
Thesis The thesis is a single The thesis is obvious, There is an unclear
clear and eloquent but it is not made in a thesis/it is irrelevant or
statement of the single statement; it is off-topic.
central argument; it is interesting and
original, interesting, relevant.
and relevant.
Support There is outstanding There is appropriate There is poor or
use of appropriate use of information as inappropriate use of
information as evidence or support. information as
evidence or support. The evidence used to evidence or support.
The evidence used to support the central The evidence used
support the thesis is point is well chosen, does not clearly
rich, detailed, and well though not particularly support the main
chosen. rich or detailed. argument.
Structure/ The paper has The paper is well The paper is poorly
Organizatioln excellent organization organized and contains organized or fails to
and contains a clear an introduction, body, include an
introduction, body, and and conclusion. introduction, body, or
conclusion. conclusion.
Syntax and All sentences are Most sentences are Many sentences are
Construction complete and complete and incomplete and/or
grammatically correct. grammatical. Most ungrammatical. In
Every paragraph paragraphs have one many paragraphs,
makes one distinct distinct and coherent there is not a distinct
and coherent point. point. or coherent point.
Connections All paragraphs move Connections and Connections and
Use of signal naturally from one to transitions are present transitions between
words the next. Connections between most paragraphs are poor,
among paragraphs are paragraphs and are haphazard, or missing.
clearly articulated and generally effective. Also, it is unclear how
the transitions are Also, most paragraphs each paragraph
effective. All clearly relate to the connects to the thesis.
paragraphs directly thesis.
relate to the thesis.

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 English
Quarter 4 - Module 2
Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions Suitable to Each Pattern
of Idea Development (Problem-Solution and Cause-Effect)

What’s New

Have you experienced natural disasters brought about by catastrophic events with
atmospheric, geological, and hydrological origins that can cause fatalities, property damage
and social environmental destruction? If yes, do you even look for possible solutions to prevent
the effects of the damage and to look for the brighter side during difficult times?

This part of the module will lead you to understanding how a certain problem can be
resolved if we can be part of its solution.

Activity 1: Connect the Puzzle!

Read the text carefully and answer the questions that follow. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

When It Rains, It Floods

by: Maricar L. Cedro

The Philippines is the most dynamic

economist in the East Asia Pacific regi on with the
growth in its capital city and surrounding areas. It
is located in an area affected by natural disaster s
called the Ring of Fire or Typhoon Belt where
abou t 20 typhoons enter the Philippines every
year causi ng flooding and affecting around 6
million people yea rly. It is reported that
thousands of residents in C alumpit, Bulacan had
to leave their homes after a flood induced by
Typhoon Ulysses and water from dams unleashed
in the province reached six feet high. They sta yed
either with relatives or in evacuation centers. T o
address flooding and destroying lives and prop
erties, the government rehabilitates old pumping st
ations, and builds new ones to support the dam an
d moves families along waterways to safer groun d.
Upgraded pumping st ations can hold more
capacity of water especially during typhoons and
can filte r the wastes beside the water areas.
Process Questions:
1. What is the problem in this passage? ______________________________________
2. What is the proposed solution? ___________________________________________

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 What is It
To help you better understand the concept of problem-solution structure, you need to
deepen your knowledge and understanding by discovering what the topic is all about.

In the previous part of the module, you have read the passage about the problems or
the issues and how you can possibly resolve them.

What is the Problem and Solution Text Structure?

Problem and Solution Text Structure is a pattern of organization where the idea of the
passage is showed as a dilemma or concerning issue (a problem) and something that needs
to be done to remedy this issue (solution or attempted solution).

Here are the signal words and phrases:

problem solved because

answer led to since

so that dilemma question

solution issue puzzle

as a result of disadvantage in order to if/

cause I propose then

the dilemma should the problem

is therefore is thereby

consequently

Examples:

Solution

Problem The school thereby

requested the
The fire destroyed Department of
the school building. Education (DepEd) for
a new building.

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 Problem
Solution
Due to the increasing
number of cases Therefore, we should
cause by the virus listen to the
still many of us are government and
ignoring the health follow the health
protocols set by the protocols to lessen
Inter-Agency Task the number of cases.
Force (IATF).

Problem-Solution Text Structure

In northern areas, the weather is too cold to grow crops all year long; some
farmers found ways to grow food all year. It leads us to the idea that greenhouse is
a special building that stays warm during winter. Crops like lettuce and basil can
grow well in the greenhouse or even during cold weather

Solution
Problem
So, it leads to the
The weather is too idea that
cold to grow crops greenhouse is a
all year long special building that
stays warm during
winter.

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Cause and Effect Relationship

Cause - refers to the driving force in the text. It is the reason why things
happen. It is the thing that makes other things happen.

Effect - refers to the result of an action or cause. It is what happened next

in the text that results from a prior cause.

Signal Words and Phrases

Signal words or transitions are signposts that help guide the reader through the
writer’s thoughts. They help connect the ideas in a text or the events in a story. Often, they
do this by answering implicit questions. In the case of cause and effect, these are the what
of the effect and the why of the cause. Different signal words can be used to recognize each.

Cause (The Why) Effect (The What)

Because So
Because of Therefore
Since This resulted in
As a result of Consequently
As a consequence of Hence
Now that Accordingly
Due to

For easy understanding of this follow the simple steps below:

CAUSE (THE WHY) EFFECT (THE WHAT)

Sentence It got dark because the sun already set.
Question to ask in Why did it get dark? What happened when the sun
mind already set?
Answer to the because the sun already set It got dark
question
Wh question used Why What
Answer Cause Effect
Signal word because ----------

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 CAUSE (THE WHY) EFFECT (THE WHAT)
Sentence My auntie yelled because she saw a big mouse.
Question to ask in Why did auntie yell? What happened when she
mind saw a big mouse?
Answer to the question because she saw a big mouse My auntie yelled
Wh question used Why What
Answer Cause Effect
Signal word Because ----------

CAUSE (THE WHY) EFFECT (THE WHAT)

Sentence Sam broke his leg because he slipped on a banana peel.
Question to ask in Why did Sam break his leg? What happened after he
mind slipped on a banana peel?
Answer to the question because he slipped on a Sam broke his leg
banana peel
Wh question used Why What
Answer Cause Effect
Signal word Because ----------

CAUSE (THE WHY) EFFECT (THE WHAT)

Sentence The festival was cancelled due to a typhoon.
Question to ask in Why was the festival What happened due to a
mind cancelled? typhoon?
Answer to the question due to a typhoon The festival was cancelled
Wh question used Why What
Answer Cause Effect
Signal word Due to ----------

CAUSE (THE WHY) EFFECT (THE WHAT)

Sentence The present pandemic leads to global economic shutdown
hence many employed workers were dismissed from their
work.
Question to ask in Why were many employed What is the outcome of the
mind workers dismissed from their pandemic/global economic
work? shutdown?
Answer to the question (Because) of the present Hence many employed
pandemic that leads to global workers were dismissed from
economic their work
Wh question used Why What
Answer Cause Effect
Signal word ----------------- Hence

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 Look at the text below. Here are some of the examples of signals words or phrases that
are used to locate the cause and effect relationship.

“The Ship of the

Desert” By: Maricar L.
Cedro

For many years, a camel Cause

has worked for the man in the
desert. So, this humpback animal Effect
is called the ship of the desert.
Everything about a camel makes
it just the right animal for the hot,
sandy desert. It can eat the spiny
desert plants because its lips are
covered with tough skin and its
teeth are very strong.
Its feet have thick pads
that protect it from the hot desert
sands and help keep it from
sinking or slipping in the sand.
The heavy hair that covers its
body protects it from the heat
and sandstorms. Its long
thick eyelashes protect its eye
from the blowing sand. The hair
in its ears keeps the sand out of
its ear, too. During sandstorms, a
camel can close its nose.
When it drinks, a camel
takes in much water which is
stored in one of its two stomachs.
It also stores fat in its hump and
lives on this for several days.
Because of its ability to store
food and water, it can go on for
Cause
long period of time without
eating or taking another drink. Effect
No other animal can be
compared with the camel as the
ship of the desert.

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 What’s More

Independent Activity 3
Be a Problem-solver!
Directions: Write down the possible causes of the problems and give solutions. Use signal words
and phrases in writing your answer.

Example: Sunburn
You will get sunburn if you stay too much under the sun therefore you need to wear
protective gears to avoid it and use sunblock creams if necessary.

1. Eye bags
________________________________________________________________
2. Body Odor
________________________________________________________________
3. Failing grades
________________________________________________________________
4. Addiction to Mobile Games
________________________________________________________________
5. Unstable Internet Connection
________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do
Paragraph Writing
Directions: Write scenarios in your life that has a cause and effect relationship based on the given title. Apply
the use of signal words and phrases in writing these scenarios. The title of your output will be “My Quaran
Things in Life”.

4 3 2 1
Cause-and- At least three Two cause-and- One cause- No cause-and-
effect cause and-effect effect and-effect effect
relationships relationships relationships relationship relationships
included on included on included on included on
graphic graphic graphic graphic organizer
organizer organizer organizer

Clear Extremely clear Clear Basic Minimal

description description of description of description of description of
the cause- cause-and- cause-and- cause-and-

and-effect effect effect effect

relationships relationships relationships relationships
Language No capitalization, One to three Four to six More than six
conventions spelling, or capitalization, capitalization, capitalization,
punctuation spelling, or spelling, or spelling, or
errors punctuation punctuation punctuation
errors errors errors

SCORES

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 Additional Activities

Directions: Think of one issue that our country is facing nowadays. Compose a problem-
solution and cause-effect essay that will address the issue you have chosen. Make
your essay coherent and cohesive by using appropriate signal words/
grammatical signals. Please be guided by the given rubrics.

4 3 2 1
Organization The introduction The introduction The introduction does Organization
clearly states the contains a not clearly state the is difficult to
problem/ problem/thesis; problem; the body follow: There
thesis; the body the body explains falters in one more of may be no
fully explains the a solution; the the following: clear
problem and conclusion brings explaining why the introduction or
solution(s); the the writing to a problem is worth conclusion.
conclusion close; transitions considering, giving Transitions
effectively ends are used. one or more solutions may not be
the writing, without to the problems, or used.
repetition; effective telling the practical
and varied benefits of the
transitions are solution(s); the
used throughout conclusion may not
effectively bring the
writing to a close; few
transitions are used.

Elements of The overall The purpose is The purpose of the There is no

Compare/ purpose is clear; generally clear; writing is not always apparent
Contrast the problem is the problem is clear; both the purpose. The
Writing defined clearly; stated; the problem and the problem is not
why the problem solution(s) are solution(s) should be stated or clear.
is worth presented. Does more clearly stated Solutions may
considering is one or more of and examined. be given but
explained; one or the following: they are not
more solutions to explains why the necessarily
the problem are problem is worth
laid out; practical considering,

benefits of the gives one or more logical or

solution(s) are solutions to the practical.
shared. problems, or tells
the practical
benefits of the
solution(s)
Grammar, There are few or There are some Errors in mechanics, Serious and
Usage, no errors in errors in usage, grammar, or numerous
Mechanics, mechanics, mechanics, spelling interfere with errors in
and Spelling usage, grammar, usage, grammar, the audience’s mechanics,
or spelling. or spelling understanding of the usage,
process. grammar, or
spelling make
understand
the essay very
difficult.

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Use of The writer has Use grammatical The writer’s The writing
grammatical chosen an signals. The commitment to the provides little
signals appropriate writer seems topic seems sense of
grammatical committed to the inconsistent. A involvement
signal for the topic, and there sense of the writer or
topic, purpose, may be a sense may emerge at commitment.
and audience. of “writing to be times; however, the There is no
The writer read.” In places, use of grammatical evidence that
demonstrates the writing is signal is at time the writer has
deep commitment expressive, either inappropriate chosen a
to the topic. The engaging, or or ineffective. Many grammatical
writing is sincere. words are imprecise, signals. Word
expressive, redundant, or choice are
engaging, or confusing mostly
sincere. Word imprecise,
choice is redundant, or
consistently confusing.
precise and
impactful.

Sentence The writing has The writing The writing tends to The writing
Fluency an effective flow flows; however, be mechanical tends to be
and rhythm. connections rather than fluid. either choppy
Sentences show between Occasional awkward or rambling.
a high degree of phrases or constructions may Awkward
craftsmanship, sentences may force the reader to constructions
with consistently be less than slow down or reread. often force
strong and varied fluid. Sentence the reader to
structure that patterns are slow down or
makes expressive somewhat reread.
oral reading easy varied,
and enjoyable. contributing to
ease in oral
reading

15
 English
Quarter 4 - Module 3

What is It

Expanding the Content

of an Outline Using Notes
from Primary and Secondary Sources

TAKING THE LEAD

Have you ever tried listening to someone and you need to pin down the words to get the
information all at once?
You bet! This is quite a challenging task especially when you are trying to focus on the topic
and the details of what you hear. You will probably look for a pen and start scribbling the
ideas for a quick summary.
Then, you will recap the insights that you save for a clear understanding. That’s when
drafting of your outline happens.
Outlining is one of the significant skills that we all need to develop in order to systematically
organize important facts and details especially when we are note taking.
There are two types of an outline — the topic and the sentence outline. Words and phrases
are used in a Topic Outline while ideas in forms of a sentences are in a Sentence Outline.

Take a look at these two examples.

Here is an example of a Topic Outline. Here is an example of a Sentence Outline.

Straight from the Core Straight from the Core

(Heart Talk 101) (Heart Talk 101)
by Kimberly Moscoso Trestiza by Kimberly Moscoso Trestiza

I. Studying the Internal Anatomy of the Human Heart

I. External Anatomy of the Heart
A. How to understand human emotions?
A. Parts and Its Functions
a. What are the facts and myths about our
1. Four Chambers
feelings?
a. Right Atrium
b. What are the whys and hows about
b. Left Atrium
relationship?
c. Right Ventricle
B. How to deal human emotions?
d. Left Ventricle
a. How to choose which one?
2. Four Valves
b. When to choose which one?
a. Tricuspid
b. Pulmonary
PENS UP!
c. Mitral
d. Aortic Notice that all details in an outline form follow
3. Other Parts consistency and parallelism. The choice of words is
a. Coronary Arteries coherent. If the first information is written in a
b. Nerve Tissues phrase, the succeeding ideas are written in
B. Its Importance phrases. The same thing is observed in the
1. Distributes sentence outline where all ideas are written in
2. Delivers sentences. Even the capitalization, the
punctuation marks and the indentions follow the
same rule.

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 Now, how are we going to develop an outline with a limited prior knowledge? Well,
I’ll tell you the secret recipe for it. All we need is the help of different sources and various
references.
At the beginning of this module, you already encountered some of them. Now,
we are going to learn which one is of primary source and which is of secondary source.

Primary Source provides first-hand evidence that

originally and directly comes from the main source of information.
Among the few examples are artifacts, autobiographies, emails,
diaries, interviews, letters, photographs, surveys and speeches.
Secondary Source on the other hand, gives second-hand
observation and details from other researchers. Biographies,
commentaries, dictionaries, documentaries, history books, literary
reviews and textbooks are some secondary sources of information.

Independent Activity 3
KEEPING ABREAST

Directions: Complete the outline with the information from the article. Box the letter of your

answer.
The Advantages of Reading Books
Reading books is like travelling. It gives you access to visit places you have never
been. It gives you confidence to converse with people you have never met before. It drives
you to feel emotions of every character you encounter. It teaches you some lessons our
life can offer. It helps you understand the culture of diverse individuals. It influences you to
believe and to oppose ideas at the same time. It creates a spark inside you through
imagination. Reading is really a remarkable task.

I. The advantages of reading books.

A. It allows you to_______. a. compel b. marvel c. travel
B. It gives you _______ to places. a. access b. license c. passes
C. It helps you communicate with
people you have not yet met.
D. It allows you to empathize with the
characters.
E. It teaches you _______ about life.
F. It links people to diverse _______. a. inspirations b. lessons c. obligations
G. It influences our _______ and a. culture b. custom c. tradition
perceptions. a. aspirations b. decisions c. inspirations
H. It broadens our imaginations.

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 Positive and Negative Effects of Social or Physical Distancing
There are always positive and negative effects of Social or Physical Distancing. The
Department of Heath advises everyone to practice physical distance of at least 6 feet or two arm’s
length away from each other. This is to protect the public from the spread of any contagious
disease and to reduce the growing number of affected individuals from COVID-19. However, this
preventive measure has challenging effects to humankind.
People are born to communicate and to establish relationship. In the implementation of
Physical or Social Distancing, we are slowly limiting ourselves from physical interaction. We
gradually restrict ourselves from social and mass gatherings and due to lack of consistent
communication, there is an increasing rate of boredom and depression.

I. Effects of Social or Physical Distancing

A. Positive Effects
1. ____________________________ a. Communicate and establish relationship
b. Practice physical distance among family members
c. Protect the public from the spread of any contagious
disease

2. Reduce the growing number of affected individuals from COVID-19

B. Negative Effects
1. Limited physical interaction
2. ____________________________ a. Controlled implementation of activities
b. Decreased number of affected individuals
c. Restricted involvement in social and mass gatherings

What I Have Learned

SPREADING VIBRANT VIBES

We are almost done with our activity. How will you rate your learning experience
through this module?
Use the following icons to share what you feel. Choose one and draw it inside the
circle. Write a brief explanation about your realization inside the notepad.

Legend:

I am glad to share what I learned. I am confidently positive; I learned a lot.

I took note of everything. I want to go back to a specific topic.

I captured the best part.

18
 What I Can Do

FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Now that you have an idea about outlining and how to add details to it using the primary
and secondary sources of information, use these to spread good news.
In the field of Journalism, credibility and truth must prevail. As Ecclesiastes 7:1 (NIV) says, A
good name is better than fine perfume, and the day of death better than the day of birth.
Every journalist must value the good reputation of both his story and the subject of his
story. This does not mean to compromise but stand on what is true.
Even the Bible instructs us about this in Philippians 4:8 and it says, Finally, brothers,
whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely,
whatever is admirable--if anything is excellent or praiseworthy--think about such things.

Directions: On the space provided below, write a summary on the importance of true
reporting using an outline with the title, No to Fake News. You can

research insights about the topic using different sources of information, but
rephrase the content to avoid plagiarism. Please be guided with the rubric for
evaluation.
CRITERIA GRADE
Focus/Content 30
Relevance to the topic 20
Originality 30
Language Mechanics and Convention (grammar) 20
TOTAL 100
19
 No to Fake News
]
Title

Additional Activities

MARKING THE LEAD

Congratulations! This is the last part of the Module. Please receive your
badge below. Take a picture of you showing this badge with the caption,
#credibilityandlegacy. You may share this with your friends through your social media
account.
Don’t forget to fill out the pledge as a sign of your accepted responsibility.

I, __________________________________, a certified

JUNIOR JOURNALIST, promise to be true to my word, decision, and

action. I will respect others’ opinion and be responsible in sharing my

own insights. I will think before I accept, believe, and post in any form

of media and other sources of information. I will uphold the value of

credibility and legacy at all times.

Well done! You’re now a certified Junior Journalist!

20
 Answer Key

MODULE 1 Text 2
Independent Activity 2 According to Araneta, in the scientific sense,
1. such as things happen because of the things we did in
2. on the other hand the past.
3. in contrast What I can Do
4. according to Answers may vary.
5. particularly Additional Activities
Answers may vary.
What I have learned
Answers may vary.
What I can Do
Answers may vary.
Additional Activities
Answers may vary.

MODULE 2
Independent Activity 3
Answers may vary.
What I can Do
Answers may vary.
Additional Activities
Answers may vary.

MODULE 3
Independent Activity 3
A)c
B)A
E)b
F)a
G)b
A. 1. c
B. 2. C
What I Have Learned
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What I can Do
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Additional Activities
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MODULE 4
Independent Assessment 2
Text 1
According to Araneta, in the religious sense,
anything that we do and say has consequences.
Whether we do good or bad, it will come back
to us.