Automatic Transfer Switch Between Tow Generator Sets

Automatic Transfer Switch Between Two Generator Sets

 Introduction:
These documents define a technical requirements of high performance automatic transfer switch
*ATS*panel that shall be used to supply a power continuously to a critical electrical loads in MTN
telecommunication sites which require a reliable and safe power source. By automatic transferring
between two sources *two generator sets alternate with each other according to the configurable clock
the ATS supplying a power continuously to the electrical loads * and in addition the ATS automatically
disconnecting the loads from faulty source and reconnecting it to the other healthy source.
 Automatic Transfer Switch Functional Requirements:
a) The ATS shall automatically transfer the load to the standby generator in the event of the supply power
failure of the running chosen generator by the configurable 24h analog timer and return the load back to
the chosen generator supply upon restoration of chosen generator power. The ATS power switching
devices shall be mechanically and electrically interlocked to prevent the generators power supplies from
being interconnected.
b) The ATS shall have an ability to perform multiple functions such as start signal for chosen generator_1
or generator_2 by the configurable 24h analog timer, start signal for generator_1 or generator2 at chosen
generator failure, generator_1 working and failure alarms, generator_2 working and failure alarms.
c) When the chosen generator fails, its start signal should be canceled until the failure problem is resolved
and the failure is reset.
d) Use AC&DC relay contacts and contactors with interlock and auxiliary points, to perform requirements
at items a, b and c.
e) Two 24 hour Analog timers one to perform alternating control function between generator 1 & 2.And
another in case If the (generator_1) is disconnected or faulty, the (generator_2) must still running for an
adjustable time (default 3hours) and it should be stop for an adjustable time (default 1hour) for rest.
Then restart again and so on until the (generator_1) comes back and vice versa.
f) The ATS shall have contactors to connect and disconnect the load to and from either power source. Use
4-pole 40A contactor for each power source.
g) The connecting between outputs of the power sources contactors should be with suitable copper bus bar.
h) Protection against overload and short circuit should be installed at the inputs of the power sources inside
ATS. Use 4-pole 63A circuit breaker for each source.
i) Protection against overvoltage caused by lightening should be installed at the inputs of the power
sources inside ATS.
j) The ATS shall have 3 phase+N failure voltage relay for each generator to sensing Under-voltage/Over-
voltage, 3-phase rotation protection or sequence and 3-phase voltage unbalance/loss.
k) The phase's failure shall be configurable, voltage monitoring and have an indicator to indicate its status.
l) Multi-function timers should be installed to control the time delay of the power sources for feeding
the electrical loads.
m) Multi-function timers should be installed to control the time delay of the generators failure- if the
generator is running and its output electricity is available without feeding the critical loads.
n) The Multi-function Timers should be configurable and have an indicator to indicate its working status.
o) All phases and DC system at the control side inside ATS should be have overcurrent protections.
Use 2A fuses AC&DC or 1-pole 2A circuit breakers.
p) Anti-revers diodes should be installed in series with positive generators battery poles to prevent damage
to the internal electronics in the event of reverse battery installation, accidental short circuit. Use
MOSFET diode for each generator battery.
q) The ATS shall have 2-pole 6A circuit breakers to supply power the generators battery chargers.
r) Emergency pushbutton should be installed on ATS to reset the DC system at the control side of the
ATS.
s) Mechanical 4 position selector switch should be installed on ATS to select one of the ATS operational
modes” manual or auto or off”.

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t) Indictor lamps should be installed on ATS to display the chosen generator_1 or generator_2 status –
Available, on load, and failure.
u) an additional load circuit called dummy load circuit should be installed inside ATS to protect the chosen
generator set against damage when the chosen generator run at low load less than 50% from its rating or
at unbalance loads.
v) dummy load circuit should be installed with:
- Protection against overload and short circuit. Use 4-pole 10A circuit breaker.
- Contactor to connect and disconnect the 3-phase thermal resistive load to and from either power
source or chosen generator. Use 4-pole 25A contactor.
w) Multi-function timers should be installed to control the time delay of the power sources for feeding
the thermal resistive load.
x) The Multi-function Timers should be configurable and have an indicator to indicate its working status.
y) The ATS shall have grounding system for surge protection devices, enclosure box and door.
z) The ATS shall have external junction terminals for:
- Grounding.
- Output load 3-phase+N.
- Output dummy load 3-phase+N.
- Battery positive and negative poles to supply the DC start signal relay for each generator.
- Remote start signal (common and return) for generator_1and generator_2.
- Alarm generator (common and shutdown) for generator_1 and generator_2.
- Battery charger (neutral and phase) for generator_1and generator_2.
aa) Wiring used to connect all the ATS components and it should be installed with suitable insulted cord
end terminals, no connections or losing and best finishing.
bb) The ATS shall have cable trunks to protect ATS wiring against physical environment influences and the
dimension (L*W*H) of cable trunks should be suitable with wiring installation requirements inside the
ATS.
cc) All ATS components shall have best clear labels.
dd) All equipments, wiring, junctions, labels….etc. inside ATS should be installed with the best finishing.
ee) All accessories for the good operation should be ready.
ff) The ATS shall have suitable enclosure or panel.
gg) The ATS panel should be suitable to control between two sources until (30KVA).

 ATS Operational Modes:

General Description:
The ATS shall have manual, auto, and off operation modes and ability to change the mode of operation
for the purpose of, testing, running, diagnostic, and during the emergency by four-position selector
switch.
o Operational Mode Identification:
 Manual Mode: the selector switch is turned into MANUAL position to selecting one of the manual
operational modes for generator_1 or generator_2 to starting & stopping the generator engine.
 AUTO Mode: the selector switch is turned into AUTO position to selecting the automatic operational
mode. During automatic operational mode in the normal case the chosen generator_1 or generator_2
running and loading automatically according to the configurable 24 hour analog timer and delay timers
and in another case if the running chosen generator is not available or faulty , the ATS will give a signal
to standby generator to start running and after adjustable time delay the standby generator will be loaded
and if the chosen generator still disconnected, the standby generator must still running for an adjustable
time (default 3hours) and it should be stop for an adjustable time (default 1hour) for rest then restart
again and so on until the chosen generator power come back. In case of a failure during operating, the
ATS will stop signal for the chosen generator automatically. Lamp indictors LEDs provide information
about the available, failure, and on load status.
 OFF Mode: the selector switch is turned into OFF position to selecting the OFF mode and in this mode,
no generator is operated.

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Note: In all operational modes of the ATS, the status of generator_1 or generator_2 such as availability,
on load, failure and off should be relayed to the operating and monitoring center (OMC).
 ATS Basic Components:
The ATS enclosure should consisting and equipped with:
o Protection equipments: circuit breakers, surge protection devices, contactors, anti- reverse diodes and
fuses.
o Control equipments: DC relays, AC relays, phase failures, delay timers, analog timers, selector switch,
emergency push bottom and mechanical interlock.
o Cable Trunk.
o Indictor Lamps.
o Wiring.
o Junction terminals.
o Labels.
 ATS Basic Components Identification and Function:
o Enclosure: is a box designed to accommodate various types of Protection equipments such as circuit
breakers, surge protection devices, contactors, fuses…..etc., Control equipments such as DC relays, AC
relays, ,phase failures ,delay timers, analog timers, selector switch and mechanical interlock, Lamp
indictors , wiring…..etc. according to system installation requirements.
o Protection Equipments:
 Circuit Breaker: is an automatically operated electrical switch that designed to protect an electrical
circuit from damage caused by overload and short circuit.
 Surge Protection Device (SPD): is device that used to protect an electrical circuit against over-voltage
caused by lightening.
 Contractor: is an electrically controlled switch that used for connect and disconnect the load to and
from either power source.
 Anti-Reverse Diode: is semiconductor device that essentially acts as one-way switch for current should
be, install in series with positive pole for battery to prevent damage to the internal electronics in the
event of reverse battery installation ,accidental short circuit.
 Fuse: is an electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical
circuit.
o Control Equipments:
 DC & AC Relay: is an electrically operated switch have number of contact points (C, NO, NC) which
used in control side inside ATS to perform multiple control functions.
 Phase Failure: Is a special type control device that sensing Under-voltage/Over-voltage, 3-phase
rotation protection or sequence and 3-phase voltage unbalance/loss.
 Delay Timer: is an electromechanically control relay with built –in time delay used to control an event
based on time.
 Analog Timer: is an electromechanically – switch with backup battery have one contact point (C, NO,
NC) that used to perform alternating control function between two sources.
 Selector switch: is mechanical switch that can be turned right or left to open or to close the electrical
circuit contacts which used to select one of ATS operational modes ” manual or auto or off mode”.
 Emergency Push Button: is fail-safe control switch that provides safety both for the machinery and for
the person using the machinery during risk of injury or the workflow requires stopping.
 Mechanical Interlock: install between two contactors to prevent power sources from being connected to
the load at the same time.
o Cable Trunk: is a conduit that used to protect ATS cables against physical environment influences.
o Indictor Lamp: warning device that monitors source-working state.
o Wiring: used to connect all ATS parts or components.
o Junction Terminal: is a connector that terminate a single wire and connect it to other system.
o Label: is a piece of metal, plastic, or other materials affixed on any product on which written ,printed
information ,symbols or numbers to identify or describe it.

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 Automatic Transfer Switch Between Tow Generator Sets

 ATS Basic Components Arrangement In Enclosure Or Panel:

Inside Enclosure Box or Panel:
 Rows from top to bottom:
o Frist row :( from left to right) DC relays, AC relays, analog times, delay timers and phase failures.
o Second row :( from left to right) load contactors, fuse holders with fuses or 1-pole 2A circuit breakers,
dummy load circuit breaker and contactor.
o Third row: (from left to right) surge protection devices and battery chargers circuit breakers.
o Fourth row :( from left to right) input circuit breakers and junction terminals.
o Note: The cable trunks should be distributed between rows and on top, sides of the enclosure in an
orderly manner with the best finishing.
On The Enclosure or Panel Door:
o Frist row :( from left to right) indictor lamps yellow, green and red for first generator_1 and indictor
lamps yellow, green and red for generator_2.
o Second row: (in the middle) emergency pushbutton.
o Third row: (in the middle) 4-position selector switch.
Note: The ATS Components should be Arranged in Enclosure with the best finishing.
 ATS Basic Components Labeling:
 Plastic label with printed number and color code:
 Control cables:
o Affixed on the control cables for generator_1:
- At the Protection Equipments:
1) 4-pole input circuit breaker at input and at output from 10 to 13.
2) 4-pole Surge protection device at input and at output from 20 to 23.
3) 4-pole input contactor at input from 10 to 13 and the output at load terminal junction from 0 to 3.
4) Fuse protection for each phase at input 11, 12, and 13 at output 131, 132, and 133.
o Affixed on the control cables for generator_2:
- At the Protection Equipments:
1) 4-pole input circuit breaker at input and at output from 10 to 13.
2) 4-pole Surge protection device at input and at output from 20 to 23.
3) 4-pole input contactor at input from 10 to 13 and the output at load terminal junction from 0 to 3.
4) Fuse protection for each phase at input 21, 22, and 23 at output 141,142, and 143.
o Affixed on the control cables for generator_1:
- At the Control Equipments: begin from 135 at phase control to 139.
o Affixed on the control cables for generator_2:
- At the Control Equipments: begin from 145 at phase control to 149.
o Affixed on the control cables for dummy load:
o At the Protection Equipments:
- 4-pole circuit breaker at input and at output 0 number at N, and 50, 51, 51 for phases.
- 4-pole contactor at input 0,51,52,53 and the output at dummy load terminal junction from 0 for N and
57, 58, 59 for phases.
o At the Control Equipments: begin from 182 to 188.
o Affixed on the DC System control cables for generator_1: begin from 200 to 240.
o Affixed on the DC System control cables for generator_2: begin from 300 to 340.
 Junction terminals labeling:
o At input of junction terminals affixed on the control cables:
1) Grounding G.
2) Output load 3-phase+N numbers from 0 to 3.
3) Output dummy load 3-phase+N 0 number for N, and numbers from 57 to 59 for phases.

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4) Battery positive and negative poles to supply the DC start signal relay for generator_1 number 200 for
negative battery pole and number 205 for positive battery pole and for generator_2 number 300 for
negative battery pole and number 305 for positive battery pole.
5) Remote start signal (common and return) for generator _1 number 225 for common, 226 number for
return start signal and for generator _2 number 325 for common , 326 number for return start signal.
6) Working generators (common and on load) 216 number for common , 217 number for on load working
generator_1 and 316 number for common and 317 number for on load generator_2 .
7) Alarm generators (common and shutdown) 227 number for common, 228 number for shutdown
generator_1, 327 number for common, 328 number for shutdown generator_2.
8) Battery chargers (neutral and phase) N1 letter number for common, P1 letter number for feeding phase
of generator_1 and N2 letter number for common, P2 letter number for feeding phase of generator_2.
o Affixed on the junction terminals:
1) Grounding junction G letter.
2) Output load 3-phase+N junction’s numbers from 0 to 3.
3) Output dummy load 3-phase+N junctions D0 letter number for N,D1 letter number for phase 1,D2 letter
number for phase 2 and D3 letter number for phase 3.
4) Battery positive and negative poles to supply the DC start signal relay for each generator symbol (+) for
positive battery poles and symbol (–) for negative battery poles.
5) Remote start signal (common and return) for generator _1or generator_2- C letter for common , S1
letter number for start signal of generator_1 and S2 letter number for start signal of generator_2 .
6) Working generators (common and on load) C letter for common , W1 letter number for on load working
generator_1 and W2 letter number for on load generator_2 .
7) Alarm generators (common and shutdown) C letter for common, F1 letter number for shutdown
generator_1 and F2 letter number for shutdown generator_2.
8) Battery chargers (neutral and phase) N1 letter number for common, P1 letter number for feeding phase
of generator_1 and N2 letter number for common, P2 letter number for feeding phase of generator_2.
 Paper label with printed equipment name:
o All ATS protection and control equipments have it paper labels affixed on the distributed cable trunks inside panel.
 Metal label with printed equipment name:
o Affixed on the ATS Door Panel:
- At the Lamp Indictors for generator_1: GEN_1 at above all LEDs , G1 PRESENCE at under yellow
LED, G1 UTILZATION at under Green LED and G1 FAULT at under red LED.
- At the Lamp Indictors for generator_2: GEN_2 at above all LEDs , G2 PRESENCE at under yellow
LED, G2 UTILZATION at under Green LED and G2 FAULT at under red LED.
- At under the Emergency Pushbutton: DC RESET.
- At the 4-Positions Selector Switch: AUTO at automatic mode position, G1 MANU and G2 MANU at
two manual mode positions and STOP at off mode position.
Note: The ATS Components shall have best clear shiny labels.
 ATS Basic Components Specifications:
 Enclosure Specifications:
o General Purpose type, suitable for relevant ambient condition, flush or surface mounted and shall be
waterproof, dustproof and made from high quality materials with airtight locks.
o Box, trim and doors should be electro-galvanized steel sheet with thickness at least 2mm.
o Coated in light grey color.
o Standard mounting plate made of hot dip galvanized steel sheet of 2mm thickness with holes for strips.
o Coated in light orange color.
o Inner and outer surface of cabinet / Boxes, trim, door etc. should be high resistance with mechanical
injury, heat, acids and grease, ageing, and corrosion.
o The ATS should be Metal enclosure floor standing cabinet IP65.
o Cabling mode or accessing from box bottom.
o Cabling mode or accessing from suitable drilled cable glands.
o Earthing studs are provide on both the enclosure and the door.
o Door corner formed ensures better weatherproofing and gives aesthetic looks.
o Providing Rubber strip edge anti-collision scratch guard for Box and lockable door.

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 Automatic Transfer Switch Between Tow Generator Sets

o Easily removable hinges, ideal for changing the door opening direction.
o Lock features:
o Quarter turn cylindrical lock.
o Metal keys and locking mechanism have sufficient durability during use.
o Key engaged when the lock is open.
o The enclosure dimension (L*W*H) should be suitable and enough to contain the ATS required
equipments to be easy maintenance inside it and with spare space not less than 25%.
o A kit containing assembly hardware and instruction manual is provide with the enclosure.
 Protection & Control Equipments Specifications:
Item: Type: Brand: Manufacture:
Contactor: LC1DT40M7 Schneider France
Inter lock ( Reversing contactor): LC1DT40M7 Schneider France
Input Circuit Breaker 4 Pole MCB 63A Schneider European/Boland
Battery charger Circuit Breaker 2 pole MCB 6A Schneider European/ Boland
Surge protection device(SPD): DEHNvap CSP DVA 3P 100 FM DEHN France
(900 360).
Fuse holder/fuse OR Circuit 500Vac/2A& 500vdc/3A Schneider European
Breaker :
DC Relay with its base and hand: 12Vdc/7A 4 Contact Finder European
AC Relay with its base and hand: 220Vac/7A 4 Contact Finder European
Phase Failure 3phase+N Type (E1YM400VS10) Tele European
Analog timer: 24Hr 220Vac With Replaceable Legrand Germany
Backup Battery
Multi Functions Delay Timer: E1ZM10 12-240VAC/DC Tele European
Selector switch Mechanical 4 position 0,1,2,3 ABB or Baco European
 Cable Trunk Specifications:
o Made of Lead-free PVC Material.
o Cable trunk design with Narrow or wide slot/finger to provide excellent wire management.
o Operating temperature up to 122°F (50°C)
o Flame retardant material requirement •
o Provided with mounting holes and cover •
o The Cable trunk dimension (L*W*H) should be suitable with wiring installation requirements inside
the ATS.
o Best quality material.
o Made in Europe.
o Modern manufacture date.
 Indictor Lamps Specifications:
o Type: Panel Led lamp
o Body material: Polycarbonate
o Voltage type: AC type for generators available and on load / DC type for generators failure.
o Color:
 Generaor_1:
- Generaor_1 Available or presence Yellow LED.
- Generaor_1 On Load or utilization Green LED.
- Generaor_1 Failure or fault Red LED.
● Generaor_2:
- Generaor_2 Available or presence Yellow LED.
- Generaor_2 On Load or utilization Green LED.
- Generaor_2 Failure or fault Red LED.

o Terminal Type: Screw Terminal.

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 Wiring Specifications:
- AC Cable Between Protection 4 pole Circuit Breakers, SPDs& Contactors Specifications:
o 3Phase+N Cable was made of high flexible copper with thin wires and PVC insulation materials.
Cable with small Cross - sectional area at least 16mm2.
o Cable with color-code-Red, Blue, Yellow and Black.
- Dummy Load AC Cable Specifications:
o 3Phase+N Cable was made of high flexible copper with thin wires and PVC insulation materials.
Cable with small Cross - sectional area at least 10mm2.
o Cable with color-code-Red, Blue, Yellow and Black.
- Control Cables Specifications:
o Cable was made of high flexible copper with thin wires and PVC insulation materials.
o Cable with small Cross - sectional area at least 1.5mm2.
o Cable with black color code.
- Grounding Cable Specifications:
o Cable was made of high flexible copper with thin wires and PVC insulation materials.
o Cable with small Cross - sectional area at least 25mm2.
o Cable with yellow-green color code.
 Labels Specifications:
- Plastic Label:
Type: colorful plastic electrical cable numbering labels tags wire.
- Metal Label:
Type: Metal Name Tags coated with silver color.
- Paper Label:
Type: thermal paper_ don’t affect with environmental conditions.
 Junction Terminals Specifications:
- For Control Cables:
o Terminals Pressure type: suitable for copper or aluminum conductors of sizes indicated
In addition, the Control Wiring: Equipped with lugs suitable for connection to terminal strips.
- For Electrical Loads:
o 16mm2 Screw type connector terminals.
- For Dummy Load:
o 16mm2 Screw type connector terminals.
- For Grounding:
o 25mm2 yellow-green Screw type connecter terminal.
 Required From Tender:
o Preparing schematic ATS diagram with labels and submitting it to maintenance team to discuss in order
to approving or reject.
o Preparing sample and submitting it to compliance it with the required specifications and test in order to
approving or reject.
o Each ATS panel should be delivered with its schematic diagram inside it.
o All ATS panels required should be tested and compliance with the required specifications before being
delivered to the company’s warehouse.