MIRPUR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (MUST)

MIRPUR, AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR

Department of Civil Engineering
Ph. & Fax: +92-5827-961047 Email: chairman.ce@must.edu.pk

Disaster Management (MS-483) Mid Term Examination (8 hrs.) Total Marks= 50

NOTE:
 All the Questions are necessary to attempt.
 Mention the question number while attempting the answer.
 Graphs, Figures and pictures should be provided to get distinction.
 Plagiarism will be checked, if found copy then straightaway zero mark will be given.
 Research based answers are highly appreciated. Hand written content should be in blue ink.
 For each question there are 10 marks so be consistent.
 References should be provided while solving the paper, fake reference will lead to strict actions.

Q1) Explain any disaster as experienced by the State AJK (Else than earth quake) and prepare the
following as a comprehensive report:
 How the region enjoyed routine before the disaster took place?
 State the losses.
 A proper hierarchy via four phases of disaster and explain the remedial policy for it.
 What kind of policies or steps can be taken to reduce the effect of such disaster?

Q2) A hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to a vulnerable target. What kind of
hazards are faced by the state of Azad Kashmir? Explain these hazards. How the effect of these can be
reduced or minimized?
 Risk is the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence. What kind
of risks are faced in the city of Mirpur? How to avoid such kind of risks and neutralize the
existence of such risk? (Any policies, previous studies and researches will highly be appreciated).

Q3) The 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami-rail disaster is the largest single rail disaster in world history by death
toll, with probably 1,700 fatalities or more. State and explain the key element with studies that confirm
that it was a disaster. How the four phases of disaster studies can be linked with it and how the
response should be given to this kind of disaster to reduce the effects of this kind of disaster.

Q4) (a) What should be the Guidelines for Disaster resistant construction, and how the traditional
techniques of construction be improved, Seismic strengthening of old houses in low rain/High rainfall
area.
(b) How Funding arrangements at state level, central level and Fiscal discipline, role of Int.
agencies, mobilization of community for resource generation support the guidelines in part (a).

Q5) (a)What are the environmental disasters in amazon how they were mitigated and what kind of
response shall be given to such disaster to save the state socially and economically.
b) Brazil has loosened environmental protections and stepped back on international commitments for
reducing carbon emissions and deforestation. Why the state stepped back? What conditions may be
included in such environmental protections.
Good Luck! Bilal Nasar.