Mini Project-I Project Report New Product Development

SENSOR-BASED GAS LEAKAGE DETECTOR

SYSTEM
In partial fulfilment of the requirements

Master of Business Administration

Of
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow
(2021-23)
Submitted By

SATYAM MISHRA
21GIMMBA093
MBA semester -1

Report Submitted To
Prof. Abhishek Saxena
st
Professor MBA 1 Year
GIMT, Greater Noida

Department of Management Studies

Galgotias Institute of Management & Technology, Greater Noida
DECLARATION
I SATYAM MISHRA hereby declare that the project titled SENSOR-BASED GAS
LEAKAGE DETECTOR SYSTEM submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of
Degree of Master of Business Administration of APJ Abdul Kalam Technical
University is an original record of work done by me. This report has not
previously formed the basis for the award of any degree, diploma, or similar
title of any University.

Name of Student :- SATYAM MISHRA

Roll No :- 21GIMMBA093

Date :-
 Acknowledgements
It is matter of great satisfaction and pleasure to present this report. I take this
opportunity to owe my thanks to all those involved in my training.

This project report could not have been completed without the guidance of
Prof. Abhishek Saxena.

I express my gratitude to all those who have helped me directly or indirectly in

completing the training.

Name:SATYAM MISHRA

Roll No.21GIMMBA093

MBA (I sem)
 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

(To be filled in by the student in his / her handwriting)

I SATYAM MISHRAof Batch 2021-23 is a fulltime bonafide student of first year of MBA
Program of Galgotias Institute of Management & Technology, Greater Noida. I hereby
certify that this project work carried out by me at “SENSOR-BASED GAS LEAKAGE
DETECTOR SYSTEM ” the report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the
program is an original work of mine under the guidance of the faculty mentor Dr. Abhishek
Saxena and is not based or reproduced from any existing work of any other person or on
any earlier work undertaken at any other time or for any other purpose, and has not been
submitted anywhere else at any time

(Student's Signature)
Date: ________________

(Faculty Mentor's Signature)

Date: ___________________
 PREFACE

Mini Project is one of the best methods to make students familiar with the
modern techniques, latest equipment & methods used in management. During
mini project, students visit various companies and make themselves familiar
with the practical aspects of the process making, restoration and creativity
method.

This project has provided an unmatched experience and opportunity to gain

practical knowledge which has increased my level of thinking and taught me art
of dealing with different kinds of people in all walks of life. The training has
improved my theoretical and practical concepts.

The well planned, properly executed and evaluated projects helps a lot in
inculcating good work ethics. It provides a medium between the students and
the organization in order to develop the awareness of organizational approach to
problem solving based on broad understanding of plan.
 Index

S.No. Titles Page number

1. Introduction 6-8

2. Scope of innovation 9-9

3. Feasibility 10-16
1. Financial feasibility
2. Operating /Production feasibility

4. Description 17-19

5. USP 20-21

6. Other information about the product 22-22

7. Conclusion 23-24

8. References 25-25
INTRODUCTION –

As we know, security has been major issue in today’s scenario. Accidents are on increasing

day by day. Here, we are talking about those accidents that are being occurred due to

combustible gases, i.e., LPG, CNG. Frequently we hear, explosion in cylinder of household

and vehicles. Several people have been injured and some got dead. So we are making this

project for security purpose that will detect combustible gases and alert candidates. Now a

day’s, LPG Gas leakage detector’s comes in the market with the LPG sensor that only senses

any gas leakage and sends a SMS to the emergency no. provided to it and alerts the user via

audio or visual indications while we are on a project in which we are using a stepper motor

also in addition to the normal LPG Gas leakage detectors which helps in turning off the

switch when there an emergency in our absence. In this paper, we are reviewing on the use of

LPG Gas leakage detector along with the stepper motor instead of using other simple Gas

leakage detector. The sensor we are using here has excellent sensitivity combined with a

quick response time. The sensor can also sense iso-butane, propane, LNG and cigarette

smoke. The report consists of a background into the area of 8051 microcontroller and mobile

communication, how they are interfaced to each other and AT commands set used in

communication.

With the development of world, the technology is enhanced day by day with the realistic

projects and efficient work. In this project we are using MQ-6 semiconductor sensor to

detect combustible gas. This gas sensor is made of sno2. This sensor has lower

conductivity in fresh air. When target combustible gases exist, the sensor conductivity is

higher along with gas concentration rising. Basically, conductivity of this sensor depends

upon concentration of the gas so it may detect not only combustible gas but also smoke,

butane, isobutene, liquor. We can conjointly use it as a liquor tester. If the LPG sensing

element senses any outflow from storage then the output of this sensing element goes low.
This low signal is monitored by the microcontroller and it will establish the gas outflow.

Currently, the microcontroller turns on LED and Buzzer. Once few milliseconds delay, it

conjointly activate fan for throwing gas out and continue send messages as “GAS

LEAKAGE” to your mobile no. subsequently the stepper motor turns off the switch of the

cylinder. In this paper we discussed through various researches what development has

been done in GAS leakage detectors and our proposed work regarding the following

paper.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a main source of fuel, especially in urban areas because

it is clean compared to firewood and charcoal. Gas leakage is a major problem in the

industrial sector, residential premises, etc. Nowadays, home security has become a major

issue because of increasing gas leakage. Gas leakage is a source of great anxiety with

ateliers, residential areas and vehicles like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), buses, and

cars which are run on gaspower. One of the preventive methods to stop accidents

associated with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection kit at vulnerable places.

The aim of this paper is to propose and discuss a design of a gas leakage detection system

that can automatically detect, alert and control gas leakage. This proposed system also

includes an alerting system for the users. The system is based on a sensor that easily

detects a gas leakage.

Gas leakage is a serious problem and nowadays it is observed in many places

like residences, industries, and vehicles like Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), buses, cars,

etc. It is noticed that due to gas leakage, dangerous accidents occur. The Liquefied

petroleum gas (LPG), or propane, is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as

fuel in many applications like homes, hostels, industries, automobiles, and vehicles

because of its desirable properties which include high calorific value, less smoke, less

soot, and meager harm to the environment. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is highly
 inflammable and can burn even at some distance from the source of leakage. This energy

source is primarily composed of propane and butane which are highly flammable chemical

compounds. These gases can catch fire easily. In homes, LPG is used mainly for cooking

purposes. When a leak occurs, the leaked gases may lead to an explosion. Gas leakage

leads to various accidents resulting in both material loss and human injuries. Home fires

have been occurring frequently and the threat to human lives and properties has been

growing in recent years. The risks of explosion, fire, suffocation are based on their

physical properties such toxicity, flammability, etc. The number of deaths due to the

explosion of gas cylinders has been increasing in recent years. The Bhopal gas tragedy is

an example of accidents due to gas leakage.

The reason for such explosions is due to substandard cylinders, old valves, no regular

checking of gas cylinders, worn out regulators and a lack of awareness of handling gas

cylinders. Therefore, the gas leakage should be detected and controlled to protect people from

danger. An odorant such as ethane thiol is added to LPG, so that leaks can be detected easily

by most people. However, some people who have a reduced sense of smell may not be able to

rely upon this inherent safety mechanism. A gas leakage detector becomes vital and helps to

protect people from the dangers of gas leakage.

SCOPE OF INNOVATION –

In the market, there is various gas leakage detecting systems with alarms. The main
innovation in my product is that in addition to the alarms on detecting the gas leakage, the
system also closes the gas pipe line after three alarms. It is necessary to make this system
more safe and secure for the kitchens in the residential houses. As per the government
guidelines in India, it is not allowed to put or keep anything on the gas cylinder, but all the
devices in the market advise their customers to keep or attach alarms on the gas cylinders. In
our gas leakage detector system the devices are attached to the gas pipes, following the rules
of the government of India. All the devices are attached in our kitchen gas pipelines by the
proffesnals of the company. The main problem is if after the alarms detected the gas leakage,
a person should come to close the supply of gas. But in our system it is done all by the
device, no human interaction is required, hence making it more secure for the people in their
kitchens or CNG pumps etc. In this era of modular kitchens, our system can be fitted in these
modular kitchens of these residential houses, therefore making them safer for the people.
FEASIBILITY –

In this paper a low-cost advanced sensor-based gas leakage detector, alert and control
system is proposed and discussed. The system is very efficient, user friendly, portable,
small in size and cost effective. It will cost only 917 Bangladeshi taka which is equivalent
to ten USD.

Semiconductor sensors are used to detect LPG gas. An MQ6 semiconductor sensor is
used. Sensitive material of the MQ-6 gas sensor is SnO2, which has lower conductivity in
clean air. When the target combustible gas exists, the sensor conductivity increases along
with the rising gas concentration. The MQ6 gas sensor has a high sensitivity to Propane,
Butane and LPG, and response to Natural gas. The sensor could be used to detect different
combustible gasses, especially Methane; it has a low-cost and is suitable for different
applications. The MQ-6 can detect gas concentrations anywhere from 200 to 10,000 ppm.
The sensor’s output is an analog resistance. Figure 1 shows the block diagram of the gas
leakage detection and alert.
Figure 1. Block diagram of gas leakage detection and alert system.

This system is based on the Adriano UNO R3 and MQ-6 gas sensor. When the sensor
detects gas in the atmosphere, it will give digital output 1 and if gas in not detected the
sensor will give digital output 0. Arduino will receive the sensor output as digital input. If
the sensor output is high, then the buzzer will start tuning along with the LCD that will
show that “Gas detected: Yes”. If the sensor output is low then buzzer will not be tuning,
and the LCD will show that “Gas detected: No”. The buzzer most commonly consists of a
number of switches or sensors connected to control unit that determines which button was
pushed or whether a preset time has lapsed, and usually illuminates a light on the appreciate
button or control panel, and sounds a warning in the form of a continuous or intermittent
buzzing or beeping sound.

For the design of a sensor-based gas leakage detector and alarm system the following
hardware components are required. Table 1 lists the list of required hardware opponents,
quantity and price in Bangladeshi Taka. The gas detector system is very cheap and it will
cost only 917 BD Taka.
Table 1. List of required hardware opponents, quantity and price in Bangladeshi Taka.

Equipment Quantity Price (BDT)

Arduino Uno R3 1 420/-

MQ-6 LPG gas sensor 1 160/-

16*2 LCD 1 124/-

Buzzer 1 15/-

Male to male/female
wire 40 60/-

9 V Battery 1 40/-

Gas Lighter 1 35/-

10 K Variable Resistor 1 8/-

Mini Breadboard 1 55/-

Total Taka-917/-
 Arduino Uno MQ-6 Gas sensor LCD Pin Configuration

Buzzer 16*2 LCD Breadboard

Figure 2. Some important components that are needed to design the gas leakage
detection and alert system.

3. Results and Analysis

The Proteus Design Suite is a proprietary software tool suite used primarily for electronic
design automation. The software is used mainly by electronic design engineers and
technicians to create schematics and electronic prints for manufacturing printed circuit
boards. Figure 3 shows the circuit diagram that was designed using Proteus libraries. This
system is based on Arduino UNO R3 and MQ-6 gas sensor. When the sensor detects gas in
atmosphere, it will give a digital output of 1 and if gas is not detected the sensor will give a
digital output of 0. Arduino will take the sensor output as the digital input.

Figure 3. Circuit diagram that was designed using Proteus libraries.

 Figure 4 shows the circuit diagram of the MQ-6 gas sensor connected with Arduino.

Figure 4. Circuit diagram of MQ-6 gas sensor connected with Arduino.

If the system detects the level of gas in the air that exceeds the safety level it will
activate the alarm which includes the buzzer to alert the users at home of the abnormal
condition and to take any necessary action. The most tell-tale sign of a leak is the smell of
gas in the home. However, in the case of a carbon monoxide leak, there are also particular
physical symptoms you may suffer from if there is a leak. The output result of this paper is
that the leakage will be detected and stopped within 2 s after the leakage starts. This system
can even detect the level of gas leakage. This is an efficient method for automatically
detecting and controlling the gas leakage. Moreover, the fire accidents are also prevented
by switching off the power supply. The idea for gas detection and control can be
implemented at a large scale for various industries. This system can be installed in a
kitchen, at a hostel cafeteria, and any other areas.
In household as well as in any similar commercial set up. In our country there are 180 million
people, and due to its low cost this product is affordable and will preventmany accidents and
save many properties and human lives.

4. Future Work

Overall, software and hardware parts of the systems have been developed and tested by
introducing a small amount of LPG near gas sensor module. The authors of this paper are
currently working to include multi functions with this device. One of the notable future
functions of this system is to add a sub system where wastage of gas and the uses of gas can be
monitored using this system. The system is flexible as a greater number of sensors and relays
can be added to it according to the whole LPG supply setup in those premises. The author is
adding more software based intelligent functions with this system. This is an automatic gas
detection, control and alert system. In future this system will have a feature where it can notify
the emergency services if any accidents happen. A mobile app and web-based app for real time
monitoring also will be added. In the user app for this system many smart features will be
added. The overall features will make the system more safe for the users. The system will be
optimized for use in many places like the car, the home, industries and many other places.
After designing the final prototype with smart multifunctional features, the system will be
implemented in real life scenarios as a pilot project. A survey will be done soon before using
the system and another one will be done after implementing the system to discover the KPI.
Summarizing all the results, finding and analyzing a research article will be done and author
has plans to submit it to the MDPI sensors journal for review.

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DESCRIPTION –

The major components used in the circuit is, GSM Module: GSM Module GSM (Global

System for Mobile) / GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) TTL modem s SIM900 quad-band

GSM / GPRS device, works on frequencies 850 MHZ, 900 HZ, 800 MHZ and 1900 HZ. It is

very compact in size and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem. The Modem is designed with

3V3 and 5V DC TTL interfacing circuitry, which allows User to directly interface with 5V

microcontrollers (PIC, AVR, Arduino, 8051, etc.) as well as 3V3 Microcontrollers (ARM,

ARM Cortex XX, etc.).

Piezoelectric buzzer: Buzzer is an audio signaling device. The typical uses of buzzers are

for alarms, timers and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke. The

project used an electronic type of buzzer which is a piezoelectric element that driven by an

micro-controller signals. Peizo buzzer is based on the inverse principle of peizo electricity

discover in 1880 by Jacques and Pierre Curie. It is the phenomenon of generating electricity

when mechanical pressure is applied to the certain materials and the vice versa . Such materials

called Piezoelectric materials. When an alternating electric field subjected to the material 4

International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology M Anusha, V Nagesh, B

Venkata Sai, K Srikanth and Rupalin Nanda, “IoT Based LPG Leakage Detection and Booking

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System with Customer SMS Alerts they stretch or compress accordance with the frequency of

the signal thereby producing sound. LCD Display: LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display..

They have become very common with industry by clearly replacing the use of Cathode Ray

Tubes (CRT). CRT consumes more power than LCD and also bigger and heavier. We all know

about LCD‟s, but no one knows the exact working of it. LCD is finding wide spread use

replacing LEDs (seven segments or other multi segment LEDs) due to the following reasons: 

The declining prices of LCDs.  The ability to display numbers, characters and graphics

related data. This is in contrast to LEDs, which are limited to numbers and a few characters. 

Incorporation of a controller into the LCD, thereby making the CPU to keep displaying the

data.  Ease to program for characters, strings and graphics related data. These are specialized

for being used with the microcontrollers, which makes that they cannot be activated by

standard IC circuits. They are used for writing different messages on a miniature LCD. Wi-Fi

Module: The ESP8266 arduino compatible module is a low-cost Wi-Fi chip with full TCP/IP

capability, and the amazing thing is that this little board has a MCU (Micro Controller Unit)

integrated which gives the possibility to control I/O digital pins via simple and almost pseudo-

code like programming language. This device is produced by Shanghai-based Chinese

manufacturer, Espress if Systems. Methane Gas Sensor: Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor

is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target combustible gas exist, the

sensor’s conductivity is higher along with the gas concentration rising. Please use simple

electro circuit, Convert change of conductivity to correspond output signal of gas

concentration. MQ-2 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Methane, also to Propane and Butane.

The sensor could be used to detect different combustible gas, especially Methane, it is with low

cost and suitable for different application. Load Cell Sensor: Load cell sensor is device used to

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measure weight .It is a passive transducer or sensor which converts applied force into electrical

signals. They are also referred to as “Load transducers”. We are using Load cell sensor for

measuring weight of cylinder .Load cell sensor continuously measure weight of cylinder if

weight of cylinder is below particular level then it will send sensor value to arduino board com

3 port from where we fetch the data come from sensor and using TextLocal API we

automatically book gas cylinder using number store in memory and also send message to

owner. For a 120Ω gauge, this is a change of only 0.12Ω. 0.12Ω is a very small change, and,

for most devices, couldn’t actually be detected, let so we are going to need another device

HX711 which is an amplifier and this amplifier able accurately measure super small changes in

resistance.

In IOT based automated LPG leakage detection and booking system with customer sums

alerts MQ-2 gas sensor, 5 kg load cell (for prototype) as input devices and piezo electric

buzzer, 16*2 LCD Display and GSM module used as output devices

The above figure represents SMS messages in user mobile phone which is send by GSM
module for different kinds of input reaction in our project. The message “Gas detected be alert”
is sent to the user when the LPG gas leaks.

A number of reviews on the subject of gas leakage detection techniques were

done in the past either as part of research papers/technical reports on a certain

leak detection method and other gas related subjects.

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Ch. Manohar Raju and N. Sushma Rani, 2008; they introduce an android based

automatic gas detection and indication robot. They proposed prototype depicts a

mini mobile robot which is capable to detect gas leakage in hazardous places.

Whenever there is an occurrence of gas leakage in a particular place the robot

immediately read and sends the data to android mobile through wireless

communication like Bluetooth. We develop an android application for android

based smart phones which can receive data from robot directly through

Bluetooth. The application warns with an indication whenever there is an

occurrence of gas leakage and we can also control the robot movements via

Bluetooth

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by using text commands as well as voice commands. The previous mobile robots

are based on heterogeneous technologies like GSM, GPS, internet based etc., but

the main disadvantage of those prototypes were the absence of communication

in particular areas. So, with the rapid developments and tremendous changes in

technology we have lots of techniques to eradicate previous

problems. Wireless communication protocols play a vital role in present trends.

Bluetooth, WI-Fi, Zigbee etc., we use one of the best feature of smart phone, i.e.,

the Bluetooth technology to control and monitor parameters driven by a robot.

Fig. 1: Robot Prototype [1].

They introduce a robot and mobile application for In the meantime, the system

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prototype has imposingly demonstrated its use and capability in intensive series

of tests. The drive unit, the navigation system and, therefore, the complementary

sensor systems performed superbly throughout the tests. The robot facilitates

independent gas detection and leak localization in sites that are otherwise

troublesome to access. Moreover, it helps to avoid mistreatment of human

inspectors in probably dangerous environments. However, before readying in

industrial settings, more development is needed (e.g., in explosion protection,

package development, etc.), and in fact legal problems should be processed

before readying in business settings. Still, it is certain that an autonomous, mobile

gas detection and leak localization robot is possible today and can significantly

enhance safety [1].

Pal-Stefan Murvaya, Ioan Sileaa, 2008; they told in their survey on gas leak

detection and localization techniques various ways to detect the gas leakage.

They introduce some old or new technique to detect the gas. The proposed

techniques in this paper are non-technical methods, hardware based methods

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measurement of a certain physical quantity or the manifestation of a certain

physical phenomenon. This can be used as a rule for classification as we have

several common used physical parameters and phenomena: acoustics, flow rate,

pressure, gas sampling, optics and sometimes a mix of these. An example is

available in relation to the optical detection methods. Because of the great

variety of these detection solutions, leak finding technologies are sometimes

classified into optical and non-optical methods. The block diagram of the

classification is shown in Figure 2 [2].

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UNIQUE SELLING PROPOSITION (USP) :-

A Unique Selling Proposition (USP) is a unique selling point or slogan that differentiates a
product or service from its competitors. A USP may include words such as the "lowest cost,"
"the highest quality," or "the first-ever," which indicates to customers what your product or
service has that your competitors do not.

Using a USP is a great marketing tool to help position and sell your product. Some
marketing experts go even further and believe that unless you can pinpoint what makes your
business unique in a world of homogeneous competitors, you can't target your sales efforts
effectively.

A strong USP provides a solid foundation for differentiating your product and giving you a
leg up on the competition. These famous USPs have worked well to promote products and
services successfully.

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 As we shorted out the problems faced by LPG gas consumers so we come up with some
solutions to meet the few requirements of them, as we made our system is completely automate
the process of refill booking without human intervention. Our system is also reasoned to help
customers to upgrade their safety norms, act in accordingly with minimum requirements on
environmental issues and mostly the basic function being prevented by major disasters and
protect life and property from reputed Accidents. The primary objective of our project is to
measure the gas present in the cylinder when weight of the cylinder is below the fixed load,
this can be done using the weight sensors. The gas retailer gets the order for a new cylinder and
the house owner (consumer) receives the message regarding the status and the secondary
objective is to provide any malfunction in gas servicing system in order to prevent damage or
explosion of LPG. Thus the system developed by us will somehow help the LPG Gas
Consumers to lead a comfortable life.

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 1. Have you heard about this sarvices before?

2. Do you think my idea help everyone also day to day life.

27
3.Do you think this service provide safety.

Do you think this service provide safety.

4. Would you want to use our service.

Would you want to use our service

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promptly notified and interactively managed. It is built around a timer to

accept input from the gas sensor, MQ-9, and activate a buzzer and set of led that

alerts in the event of gas. The sensor used is the MQ-9 and from the datasheet, it

specializes in gas detection equipment for carbon monoxide and CH4, LPG family

and any other relevant industry or car assemblage.

Fig. 4: Block Diagram of the User-Interactive Gas Leakage and Fire Alarm System

[4].

The sensor which was proposed in this paper is MQ 9. It advantage is that it has;

good sensitivity to CO/Combustible gas, high sensitivity to methane, propane and

CO, long life and low cost, Simple drive circuit. The enveloped MQ-9 has 6 pins, 4

of which are used to fetch signals, and other

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2 for providing heating current. The sensor works with voltages between 5V and

12V AC or DC. A 5V supply voltage was used for this design. Once powered, the

output of the sensor is normally HIGH but goes LOW when gas is sensed [5].

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ANY OTHER INFORMATION:-

This monitoring system can be further enhanced by using Bluetooth in place of GSM to send the
alert messages to user, which supports the another real-time application. For industrial purposes
mobile robot can be developed for detecting multiple gas concentrations. Addition of load cell
can also be used as pressure sensor which detects the amount of gas in the cylinder and also
detects high pressure gas in cylinder pipe, displaying the alert messages via SMS and LCD
displays.

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CONCLUSION:-

The design of a sensor-based automatic gas leakage detector with an alert and control

system has been proposed and discussed in this paper. This is a low-cost, low power,

lightweight, portable, safe, user friendly, efficient, multi featured and simple system device for

detecting gas. Gas leakage detection will not only provide us with significance in the health

department but it will also lead to raise our economy, because when gas leaks it not only

contaminates the atmosphere but also wastage of gases will hurt our economy. The proposed

system will cost only USD 10 which is easily affordable even for poor people. In the open

literatures it is noticed that much work has not been done for a smart gas detection system. In

future, more advanced features will be integrated with this system which will provide users

with more safety and relaxation. The proliferation of handheld devices has led to developments

in the field of smart gas sensors, which has considerably widened their scope of application.

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 The need for ensuring safety in workplaces is expected to be the key driving force for the

market over the coming years.

Finally, we conclude in recent households, the use of LPG is taking a big troll. From the use of

cylinder up to the use of petroleum pipelines. The biggest threat in using this technology is

security. And our project will prove to be boom for households and industries.

A wide variety of leak detecting techniques is available for gas pipelines. Some techniques have

been improved since their first proposal and some new ones were designed as a result of

advances in sensor manufacturing and computing power. However, each detection method

comes with

Its advantages and disadvantages. Leak detection techniques in each category share some

advantages and disadvantages. For example, all external techniques which involve detection

done from outside the pipeline by visual observation or portable detectors are able to detect very

small leaks and the leak location, but the detection time is very long. Methods based on the

mathematical model of the pipe have good results at high flow rates while at low flow rates a

mass balance based detection system would be more suitable. Hybrid systems benefiting from

the real-time detection capability of a software based method and the high localization accuracy

of a hardware based technique, along with other specific advantages of both approaches, seem to

be the future trend in gas leak detection. Selecting from the wide variety of commercial solutions

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available is ultimately an action that has to be taken after assessing the needs of the system in

which gas leak detection is needed.

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REFERENCE:-

1. Mahalingam, A.; Naayagi, R.T.; Mastorakis, N.E. Design and implementation of an

economic gas leakage detector. In Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Circuits,
Systems and Signals, Athens, Greece, 7–9 March 2012; pp. 20–24.

2. Attia, H.A.; Halah, Y.A. Electronic Design of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Leakage
Monitoring, Alarm, and Protection System Based on Discrete Components. Int. J. Appl.
Eng. Res. 2016, 11, 9721–9726.

3. Apeh, S.T.; Erameh, K.B.; Iruansi, U. Design and Development of Kitchen Gas Leakage
Detection and Automatic Gas Shut off System. J. Emerg. Trends Eng. Appl. Sci. 2014, 5,
222–228.

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