BASIC FACTS RELATED TO FUNCTIONS

domain
Domain The
of a
function is the set

where the function is defined .

1
Example : Consider the function fcx ) = .

K -
2

Domain is IR 325
of f .

Range the
range of a
function is the
image
domain function
of the
through the .

Y s

¥
Range
%
e.
# 3

incremental >
O x
Domain

Example Let 2 + at Their

:
fck) = .

Domain = ( -
o
,
to )

Range =
{ fcoc) : x E Domain } ( the image of
the domain ) .

=
} 2tx2 : e E C- x
,
ta)
§
= [ 2, + x )
 SOME SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

well
The
following functions are
very
-
known .
You

may
encounter these in
your future study .

" "
e t e-
Cosh Gc) =
hyperbolic eosin

"
" -

e e
sink Cx)
hyperbolic
-

= sine

"
et
'

te
Example : cosh ( 5) = I 74.20g .

Piecewise functions :

t ' it a. axes ,

?
"

jac, =

( fuck ) if an Coc Cbn

Definition A
piecewise function is function
a

defined by sub functions

many
-
.

Example
2x -
5 if x s I

jus =

{ z j a > 1 .
 Composite functions

Let and be functions

flex) gcx
) two .

If see the notation fo g then know

you you
this is
that the
composite function of f and
g
.

It is
defined by :

(fo g) GO =
f ( gas ) .

act
Example Let
fcx) =

Cx ) = 4 K
g
-
.

Then is the function

fog
( fog ) God =
f ( gas )

=
f ( 4 - x
)
2
= (4 -
se )

How about this

the function g of
in
example .

Answer ( ) Gc) 4 of
g of
= - -

Inverse
functions
 Let
fcac ) be a
function .

1
When
you
see f- Gc) in textbooks
,
do not

1
get confused this with .
It is not .

FCK)

1-
In Mathematics
, f- Cx) is the inverse function
rule
of foe) .
It is
defined by
the :

f- Gc) =
y
such that
fcy ) = x .

>

Example Let
fcsc) = a . Find the
formula
1-
of f- Gc ) .

Answer
it

f- Cx) =
y
sat .

fcy ) = x .

=
we need to
find so that
y
we obtain the formula of f-IGC) .

'
Since
fly ) = x
,
we
get y
=x .

So
y
= FE .
( Now
,
we have
y
) .

Conclusion :
f-1cm ) = 3rd
 "

Example Let
fond = 2 .

+
What is the value
of f- ( 32) ?

+
Answer f- ( 32 ) =
y
such that
fly ) = 32 .

27=32

= 5
y

Conclusion : £732 ) = 5

Remark In mathematics
,
the inverse
function
of sin Gc) is denoted
by arc since) ( if
-1
it is
you
write sin Gc) then
,
of course
,

the same as ate sin Cx) ) .

We also accept the tradition that

are sin Cx ) E [ Iz Ez ]
-

, ,
for
any
x .

Example Evaluate arcs in ( Iz ) .

Answer arc sin ( Iz ) y

s t sin (
)=Iz
}
=
y ,
. .

Definition
yet EI
'
and ' .

From these
,
we
get that
y
=
II . So

I
are sin ( Iz ) =

6
similarly ,

Gc) is the function

ate cos inverse
of cos Cx)
•

with the tradition : arc cos Csc) E [ 0, IT ] Fac .

•
aectaucx ) is the inverse function of tan Gc)
,

with the tradition : are tan Gc ) E ( -

Iz Eg )
, ,
foe .

arccot Cx ) is
•
the inverse function of cotau Csc)
,

with the tradition : are cot Ge ) E ( o

,
IT)
,
foe .