Lower 6 Chemistry Lab 2 Ainsley Boodram

CAPE skill: Analysis and Interpretation.

Aim: To determine the concentration of household vinegar (ethanoic acid) using standard sodium
hydroxide solution

Apparatus and materials: 0.10 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH), ethanoic acid (CH3COOH),
phenolphthalein indicator, burette, 25 cm ^3 pipette, 250 cm^3 volumetric flask, stopper, Distilled H2O,
conical flask, funnel, white tile, beakers, retort stand, measuring cylinder.

Procedure:

1. Fill the burette to a convenient mark with the sodium hydroxide solution and record the initial
burette reading.

2. Pipette 25.0 cm3 of the vinegar (ethanoic acid) into a 250 cm3 volumetric flask and carefully make up
to the mark with distilled water. Stopper the flask and shake for several minutes.

3. Pipette 25.0 cm3 of the diluted vinegar solution into a conical flask and add two drops of
phenolphthalein indicator.

4. Titrate to a faint pink colour and record the final burette reading.

5. Repeat steps 1-4 to obtain three accurate titration results.

6. Record results in a suitable table.

Results:

Volume of pipette = 25.0 cm3

Indicator: phenolphthalein

Burette readings

Titration number 1 2 3 4
Final reading/cm3 31.40 30.90 32.95 33.85
Initial 10.00 10.00 12.00 13.00
reading/cm3
Volume of alkali 21.4 20.9 20.95 20.85
added/cm3
• Complete the table and obtain the average of the accurate titrations.

Average volume of sodium hydroxide added =20.9 cm3

Data Analysis:

1.1000cm^3-----------> 0.10 mol dm ^3

1cm^3----------> [0.10/1000]

20.9cm^3-----------> [0.10/1000] x 20.9

=0.00209 moles of NaOH

2. NaOH(aq)+ CH3COOH (aq)---------> CH3COONa(aq)+ H2O(l).

3. 1 mole of NaOH----------------> 1 mole of CH3COOH

0.00209 moles of NaOH-------------------> [1/1] x 0.00209 moles of CH3COOH

=0.00209 moles of CH3COOH [ethanoic acid]

4. 20.9cm^3 of CH3COOH--------------> 0.00209 moles of CH3COOH

1cm^3 of CH3COOH-----------> [0.00209/20.9]

250cm^3 of CH3COOH-----------> [ 0.00209/20.9]x 250

=0.025 moles of CH3COOH.

5. Concentration of CH3COOH----------> [1000/100] x 0.025

= 0.25 mol dm^3

6. 1cm^3 of CH3COOH = 0.00209 moles

100cm^3 of CH3COOH= 0.00209x 100

=0.209

Mass= Moles x Molar mass CH3COOH- [2x 12] + [2x 16] + [4] = 60 g moldm^3

=0.209 x 60= 12.54g

Precautions:

1. Air bubbles present in burette must be removed.

2. Read all equipment at eye level to avoid parallax error
 3. Place the conical flask in front of a white tile to view colour change.
4. Rinse all apparatus thoroughly with distilled H2O before every titration.

Reflection:

I did mole calculations.  I also learnt that an Indicator a substance (weak acid) that has distinctively
different colors in acidic and basic media. In this titration lab I also learnt via research that not all
indicators change color at the same pH, so the choice of indicator for a particular titration depends on
the strength of the acid and base. An indicator is chosen whose end point range lies on the steep part of
the curve

Conclusion:

IN conclusion,

Concentration of CH3COOH----------> [1000/100] x 0.025

= 0.025 mol dm^3