A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

SHELLWOOD:EGGSHELL,SAWDUST and
FLOUR as REPLACEMENT in DEVELOPING a
FIRM STABLE PLYWOOD

MHARKIE P. DANAO

TITLE: SHELLWOOD:EGGSHELL,SAWDUST, and FLOUR as a REPLACMENT in DEVELOPING a FIRM STABLE

PLYWOOD
ABSTRACT:

This study will be benefit future researchers, as the finding aims to prove the possibility of eggshell,
sawdust and flour as a alternative plywood which the results can be used as supporting information in
future researchers.Plywood is one of the major core material in constructing buildings,majority of the
houses components in the world are made up of plywood. This research aims to show the importance of
a quality plywood that will help engineers and buyers where they can buy durable good quality and cheap
plywood that will help them to further strengthen a project. Furniture offers a sense of style, comfort,
and elegance to offices and homes. It's composed of wood, which is the major component of a tree's
trunk or branches. Plywood is a thin timber board that is made from thin layers of woodveneer that are
bonded and pressed together to get its specific texture.

INTRODUCTION:

 BACKGROUND STUDY:

In present times, plywood is one of the major core material in constructing buildings, majority of the
houses components in the world are made up of plywood (the glued parts of the trees) which may cause
to diminished the number of trees in many countries and create global warming.Particleboard uses
waste materials such as planer shavings, off cuts orsawdust, and hammer-milledinto chips (Kamahalan,
2018).

Cross-graining is a method of alternating the grain that has numerous advantages: it minimizes the
tendency of wood to break when nailed at the edges; it reduces expansion and shrinkage, improving
dimensional stability; and it makes the panel's strength consistent in all directions. The sheet is frequently
balanced by having an odd number of plies, which reduces warping. Because plywood is bonded with
grains that run against each other and an odd number of composite pieces, it has a high stiffnes
perpendicular to the grain direction of the surfactant.

Plywood is one of the most popular wood products on the market today. It's incredibly adaptable, tough,
and long-lasting, and it comes in a variety of grades and thicknesses. Plywood is made up of crosswise
layers of veneer that are bonded and pressed together to produce a sheet. Up to the year 2030, global
demand for plywood is predicted to grow at a pace of 1% each year, while demand for round wood is
expected to grow at a rate of 1.6 percent. Malaysia is a major producer of tropical plywood and the
world's second-largest exporter of this panel commodity. Peeling into veneers and stacking with
adhesives has effectively turned oil palm trunk into plywood.

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

This study will be benefit future researchers, as the findings aims to prove the possibility of eggshell,
sawdust plywood which the result can be used as a supporting information in future researchers. This
Research study seek to find answers to if there are crucial relationship or

effect of Eggshell, Sawdust and flour as a Replacement in Developing a Firm and Stable Plywood because
our needs for convectional materials are increasing because of the plywood our cost and trees
consumption in making houses, buildings, industrial workplaces is also increasing which affects the
environment so for consideration of eggshell, sawdust, and flour as a replacement in building solid and
stable plywood locally available material environmentally friendly and cheaper that can be enhanced and
better than regular plywood.

 OBJECTIVES:

This research aims to show the importance of a quality plywood that will help engineers and buyers
where they can buy durable good quality and cheap plywood that will help them

to further strengthen a project.

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

Consumers

The outputs of this study certainly do give a quality product that will suit totheir convenience and is still
affordable.

Community

The used of rice husk and sawdust which are waste materials well helpthe community lessen waste
materials.

Manufacturers

The same outputs provide the businessman a new product to sell.

 SCOPE AND DELMINATION

The study was conducted to find out the possibility of using eggshell, sawdust, and flour as a eco-friendly
plywood that can possible use as a replacement to the commercialized un-environmental friendly
plywood.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Furniture brings life to offices and houses it gives style comfort andelegance. It is made from wood which
is the main substance of a trunk orbranches of a tree. Woods are mostly formed into plywood for
furnitures.Plywood is a thin wooden board which is a product from thin layers of woodveneer that are
glued and pressed together to reach its exact texture. Sad toknow that because of this, millions of trees
are being cut. A new type of woodproduct was developed as a substitute for plywood known as
particleboard.Plywood is thinner than particleboard so in terms of the quality, the plywood caneasily be
damage than the particleboard (Torkaman, 2010). Particleboard savespeople from having to bond two
pieces of timber together to get the same size.Particleboard is a good alternative option when buying
furniture to abudget because it gives the impression of solid timber and it usually lasts for longperiods of
time if looked after and taken care of well, like all solid timber.Particleboard uses waste materials such as
planer shavings, off cuts orsawdust, and hammer-milledinto chips. These are later manufactured to
producefurniture design products and construction materials. This can also be attractiveto the consumers
with the use of paint as outer covering. One advantage of thisproduct is it does not feather off in sheaves
when extreme weight from hinges isattached to the surface (Duller et al, 2014.

Wood has many applications and it is often in competition with other materials. Chipboard is the most
common item of wood-based materials and it has attained the highest economical development in recent
years. Relevant up-to-date environmental data are needed to allow the environmental comparison of
wood with other materials. There are several examples of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) evaluations of
some wood products and forest-technology systems, but no comprehensive Life Cycle Inventory (LCI)
data for particleboard manufacture is available in the literature. The main focus of this study is to
generate a comprehensive LCI database for the manufacture of resin-bonded wood particleboards.

In this study feasibility of using of mixture of bagasse and industrial wood particles for

producing single and three layer particleboard . The aim of this study was to consider bagasse as

partially substitute particleboard industry raw material. Variables were type of board at two levels

(single and three layer), percentage of added bagasse to industrial particles at 4 levels (20%,30%,

40% and 50%) , and press temp. at two levels (165OC and 180 OC ). In producing three layer

particleboard wood and bagasse particles were separated and placed in different layers so that

bagasse particles were located in the face layers and wood particles were placed in the core of

board. But in one layer particleboard bagasse and wood particles were used in the form of mixture.

Effect of variables on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were determined. Results

showed that in three layer particleboard physical and mechanical properties were better than single

layer particleboard. Increasing press temperature caused improvement in particleboard properties in

most cases due to intermeshing and increasing softening wood and bagasse particles. The optimum

treatment in this study was found to be adding 50% bagasse and press temperature of 180 OC.

In recent years, depleted resources and environmental concerns have stimulated research in renewable
and recyclable materials for particleboard production. This paper presents the research work on the
production of particleboards using maize (Zea mays) cobs, rice (Oryza glaberrima) husks, and groundnut
(Arachis hypogaea) shells, which are abundantly available as agricultural residues. The goal of this project
was to study the feasibility of medium-density particleboard panels made of agricultural residues for use
as internal partition wall cladding in residential buildings.
METHODOLOGY:

MATERIAL:

 FLOUR
 SAWDUST OR WOOD DUST
 CRUSH EGGSHELLS
 WATER

PROCEDURE

1. Prepare all the materials needed ask assistance if needed.

2. Put 1 cup of flour in to the pot.
3. Pour 1 cup of water in to the rice flour and mix.
4. Then add 1 cup of crush eggshell and sawdust in to the mixture.
5. And mix until thickened
6. Pour it on a mold or flat surface. Let cool fo 5-7 days for best result.

DURATION AND SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES:

1 WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

LEGEND:

A – Gathering materials. B – Experimentation

C – Trials and Errors D – Writing researvh paper

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
 Mgbemene, C. (2013), Feasibility Study on the Production of Particleboard fromMaizeCobs, Rice
Husks, and Groundnut Shells Using Acacia Mimosa TanninExtract as the Bonding
Adhesive.February 20, 2014.Retrieved from: ttps://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-
5568.0000135

Patel PM (2015) Supercritical fluid extraction of rice bran with absorption on ricehullash (Doctoral
dissertation, Louisiania State University).Retrieved
from:https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/recycling-of-rice-husk-into-a-locallymade-
waterresistant-particle-board-2169-0316-1000164.php?aid=57170

Rivela, B. (2006), Life Cycle Inventory of Particleboard: A Case Study in theWoodSector (8 pp).
February 20, 2014.Retrieved from:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1065%2Flca2005.05.206

Tabarsa, T.

(2011), Producing Particleboard Using Of Mixture of Bagasse andIndustrial Wood Particles .

February 28, 2014Retrieved
from:http://scientificfinding.gau.ac.ir/uploading/scientificfinding.gau.ac.ir/images/
taghi_tabarsa/particleboard_of_bagas_and_wood_particleboard__Key._Enging..pdf

https://www.academia.edu/37741874/
RICE_HUSK_RH_SAWDUST_MIXTURE_AS_COMPONENT_FOR_PARTICLEBOARD?
fbclid=IwAR24Qm-q-wtphRTCZ_6wwg9LxZh2rfblSLSwCPvALRMyeKhGYOamtzWHnXE