Problem 13-1

Determine the gravitational attraction between two spheres which are just touching each
other. Each sphere has a mass M and radius r.

Given:
3
− 12 m −9
r = 200 mm M = 10 kg G = 66.73 × 10 nN = 1 × 10 N
2
kg s
Solution:

2
GM
F = F = 41.7 nN
2
( 2r)
Problem 13-2

By using an inclined plane to retard the motion of a falling object, and thus make the
observations more accurate, Galileo was able to determine experimentally that the
distance through which an object moves in free fall is proportional to the square of the
time for travel. Show that this is the case, i.e., s ∝ t2 by determining the time tB, tC, and
tD needed for a block of mass m to slide from rest at A to points B, C, and D,
respectively. Neglect the effects of friction.

Given:

sB = 2 m sC = 4 m

sD = 9 m θ = 20 deg

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

W sin ( θ ) =
⎛ W ⎞a
⎜ ⎟
⎝g⎠

a = g sin ( θ )
m
a = 3.355
2
s

1 2
s= at
2

2sB
tB = tB = 1.09 s
a

2sC
tC = tC = 1.54 s
a

2sD
tD = tD = 2.32 s
a
Problem 13-3

A bar B of mass M1, originally at rest, is being towed over a series of small rollers.
Determine the force in the cable at time t if the motor M is drawing in the cable for a
short time at a rate v = kt2. How far does the bar move in time t? Neglect the mass of the
cable, pulley, and the rollers.

Given:

M1 = 300 kg

t = 5s

m
k = 0.4
3
s

3
kN = 10 N

Solution:

2 m
v = kt v = 10
s
m
a = 2k t a=4
2
s

T = M1 a T = 1.2 kN

t
⌠ 2
d = ⎮ k t dt d = 16.7 m
⌡0
*Problem 13-4

A crate having a mass M falls horizontally off the back of a truck which is traveling with
speed v. Determine the coefficient of kinetic friction between the road and the crate if
the crate slides a distance d on the ground with no tumbling along the road before
coming to rest. Assume that the initial speed of the crate along the road is v.

Given:

M = 60 kg
d = 45 m

km m
v = 80 g = 9.81
hr 2
s

Solution:

NC − M g = 0 NC = M g

μ k NC = M a a = μk g

2
v
= a d = μk g d
2

2
v
μk = μ k = 0.559
2g d
Problem 13-5

The crane lifts a bin of mass M with an initial acceleration a.

Determine the force in each of the supporting cables due to
this motion.

Given:

M = 700 kg b = 3

m
a = 3 c = 4
2
s

3
kN = 10 N

Solution:

2T⎜
⎛ ⎞ − Mg = Ma
c
2 2⎟
⎝ b +c ⎠

⎛ b2 + c2 ⎞
T = M ( a + g) ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2c ⎠

T = 5.60 kN
Problem 13-6

The baggage truck A has mass mt and is used to pull the two cars, each with mass mc. The
tractive force on the truck is F. Determine the initial acceleration of the truck. What is the
acceleration of the truck if the coupling at C suddenly fails? The car wheels are free to roll.
Neglect the mass of the wheels.

Given:

mt = 800 kg

mc = 300 kg

F = 480 N

Solution:
+
→ Σ F x = max; F = ( mt + 2mc) a

F m
a = a = 0.343
mt + 2 mc 2
s

+
→ Σ F x = max; F = ( mt + mc) aFail

F m
aFail = aFail = 0.436
mt + mc 2
s
Problem 13-7

The fuel assembly of mass M for a nuclear reactor is being lifted out from the core of the nuclear
reactor using the pulley system shown. It is hoisted upward with a constant acceleration such that
s = 0 and v = 0 when t = 0 and s = s1 when t = t1. Determine the tension in the cable at A during
the motion.
Units Used:
3
kN = 10 N

Given:

M = 500 kg

s1 = 2.5 m

t1 = 1.5 s

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

⎛ a ⎞ t2 2s1 m
s= ⎜ ⎟ a = a = 2.22
⎝ 2⎠ t1
2 2
s

M ( a + g)
2T − M g = M a T = T = 3.01 kN
2
*Problem 13-8

The crate of mass M is suspended from the cable of a crane. Determine the force in the
cable at time t if the crate is moving upward with (a) a constant velocity v1 and (b) a
speed of v = bt2 + c.

Units Used:
3
kN = 10 N
Given:

M = 200 kg

t = 2s

m
v1 = 2
s
m
b = 0.2
3
s

m
c = 2
s

Solution:

m
( a) a = 0 Ta − M g = M a T a = M ( g + a) Ta = 1.961 kN
2
s
2
( b) v = bt + c a = 2b t T b = M ( g + a) Tb = 2.12 kN
Problem 13-9

The elevator E has a mass ME, and the counterweight at

A has a mass MA. If the motor supplies a constant force
F on the cable at B, determine the speed of the elevator
at time t starting from rest. Neglect the mass of the
pulleys and cable.

Units Used:
3
kN = 10 N

Given:
ME = 500 kg

MA = 150 kg

F = 5 kN
t = 3s

Solution:
m m
Guesses T = 1 kN a = 1 v = 1
2 s
s

Given T − MA g = −MA a F + T − ME g = ME a v = at

⎛T⎞
⎜ a ⎟ = Find ( T , a , v) T = 1.109 kN a = 2.412
m
v = 7.235
m
⎜ ⎟ 2
s
s
⎝v⎠
Problem 13-10

The elevator E has a mass ME and the counterweight at

A has a mass MA. If the elevator attains a speed v after
it rises a distance h, determine the constant force
developed in the cable at B. Neglect the mass of the
pulleys and cable.

Units Used:
3
kN = 10 N

Given:
ME = 500 kg

MA = 150 kg
m
v = 10
s

h = 40 m

Solution:
m
Guesses T = 1 kN F = 1 kN a = 1
2
s
2
Given T − MA g = −MA a F + T − ME g = ME a v = 2a h

⎛F⎞
⎜ T ⎟ = Find ( F , T , a) a = 1.250
m
T = 1.28 kN F = 4.24 kN
⎜ ⎟ 2
s
⎝a⎠
Problem 13-11

The water-park ride consists of a sled of weight W which slides from rest down the incline
and then into the pool. If the frictional resistance on the incline is F r1 and in the pool for a
short distance is F r2, determine how fast the sled is traveling when s = s2.

Given:

W = 8000 N

F r1 = 300 N

F r2 = 800 N

s2 = 1 m

a = 20 m

b = 20 m

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

θ = atan ⎛⎜ ⎟⎞
b
⎝ a⎠
On the incline

⎛ W ⎞a ⎛ W sin ( θ ) − Fr1 ⎞
W sin ( θ ) − Fr1 =
m
⎜ ⎟ 1 a1 = g⎜ ⎟ a1 = 6.57
⎝g⎠ ⎝ W ⎠ s
2

2 2 2 2 2 m
v1 = 2a1 a + b v1 = 2a1 a + b v1 = 19.3
s

In the water

⎛ W ⎞a g Fr2 m
F r2 = ⎜ ⎟ 2 a2 = a2 = 0.98
⎝g⎠ W
s
2

2 2
v2 v1 2 m
− = −a2 s2 v2 = v1 − 2a2 s2 v2 = 19.2
2 2 s
*Problem 13-12

A car of mass m is traveling at a slow velocity v0. If it is subjected to the drag resistance of
the wind, which is proportional to its velocity, i.e., FD = kv determine the distance and the
time the car will travel before its velocity becomes 0.5 v0. Assume no other frictional forces
act on the car.

Solution:

−F D = m a

−k v = m a

d −k
Find time a= v = v
dt m

t 0.5v0
−k ⌠ ⌠ 1
⎮ 1 dt = ⎮ dv
m ⌡0 ⎮ v
⌡v
0

m ⎛ v0 ⎞ m m
t= ln ⎜ ⎟ t= ln ( 2) t = 0.693
k ⎝ 0.5v0 ⎠ k k

d −k
Find distance a=v v = v
dx m

x 0.5v0
⌠ ⌠ m v0
(0.5v0)
m
− ⎮ k dx = ⎮ m dv x= x = 0.5
⌡0 ⌡v k k
0
Problem 13-13

Determine the normal force the crate A of mass M exerts on the smooth cart if the cart is
given an acceleration a down the plane. Also, what is the acceleration of the crate?

Given:
M = 10 kg

m
a = 2
2
s

θ = 30 deg

Solution:

N − M g = −M( a) sin ( θ )

N = M⎡⎣g − ( a)sin ( θ )⎤⎦

N = 88.1 N

acrate = ( a)sin ( θ )

m
acrate = 1
2
s
Problem 13-14

Each of the two blocks has a

mass m. The coefficient of
kinetic friction at all surfaces
of contact is μ. If a horizontal
force P moves the bottom
block, determine the
acceleration of the bottom
block in each case.

Solution:

(a) Block A :

ΣF x = max; P − 3 μ m g = m aA

P
aA = − 3μ g
m

( b) SB + SA = L

aA = − aB

Block A :

ΣF x = max; P − T − 3 μ m g = maA

Block B :

ΣF x = max; μ m g − T = maB

P
Solving simultaenously aA = − 2μ g
2m
Problem 13-15

The driver attempts to tow the crate using a rope that has a tensile strength Tmax. If the crate
is originally at rest and has weight W, determine the greatest acceleration it can have if the
coefficient of static friction between the crate and the road is μs and the coefficient of kinetic
friction is μk.

Given:

Tmax = 1000 N

W = 2500 N

μ s = 0.4

μ k = 0.3

m
g = 9.81
2
s

θ = 30 deg

Solution:

Equilibrium : In order to slide the crate, the towing force must overcome static friction.

Initial guesses F N = 1000 N T = 500 N

⎛ FN ⎞
Given T cos ( θ ) − μ s F N = 0 F N + T sin ( θ ) − W = 0 ⎜ ⎟ = Find ( FN , T)
⎝T ⎠
If T > Tmax = 1000 N then the truck will not be able to pull the create without breaking the
rope.

If T < Tmax = 1000 N then the truck will be able to pull the create without breaking the rope
and we will now calculate the acceleration for this case.

m
Initial guesses F N = 1000 N a = 1 Require T = Tmax
2
s
⎛ FN ⎞
T cos ( θ ) − μ k F N = F N + T sin ( θ ) − W = 0 ⎜ ⎟ = Find ( FN , a)
W
Given a
g ⎝ a ⎠
m
a = 1.04
2
s
*Problem 13-16

An engine of mass M1 is suspended from a spreader beam of mass M2 and hoisted by a

crane which gives it an acceleration a when it has a velocity v. Determine the force in
chains AC and AD during the lift.

Units Used:
3 3
Mg = 10 kg kN = 10 N

Given:

M1 = 3.5 Mg

M2 = 500 kg

m
a = 4
2
s
m
v = 2
s

θ = 60 deg

Solution:

Guesses T = 1N T' = 1 N

Given

2T sin ( θ ) − ( M1 + M2) g = ( M1 + M2) a

2T' − M1 g = M1 a

⎛T⎞ ⎛ TAC ⎞ ⎛ T ⎞
⎜ ⎟ = Find ( T , T' ) ⎜ ⎟ =⎜ ⎟
⎝ T' ⎠ ⎝ TAD ⎠ ⎝ T' ⎠

⎛ TAC ⎞ ⎛ 31.9 ⎞
⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟ kN
⎝ TAD ⎠ ⎝ 24.2 ⎠
Problem 13-17

The bullet of mass m is given a velocity due to gas pressure caused by the burning of
powder within the chamber of the gun. Assuming this pressure creates a force of F =
F 0sin(πt / t0) on the bullet, determine the velocity of the bullet at any instant it is in the
barrel. What is the bullet’s maximum velocity? Also, determine the position of the bullet in
the barrel as a function of time.
Solution:

⎛ t ⎞ = ma dv F0 ⎛ π t ⎞
F 0 sin ⎜ π ⎟ a= = sin ⎜ ⎟
⎝ t0 ⎠ dt m ⎝ t0 ⎠

t
⌠
v ⌠ F
⎮ 1 dv = ⎮
0 ⎛ πt⎞
sin ⎜ ⎟ dt
⌡0 ⎮ m ⎝ t0 ⎠
⌡0

F 0 t0 ⎛ ⎛ π t ⎞⎞
v= ⎜1 − cos ⎜ t ⎟⎟
πm ⎝ ⎝ 0 ⎠⎠

vmax occurs when cos ⎜

⎛ π t ⎞ = −1, or t = t
⎟ 0
⎝ t0 ⎠
2F0 t0
vmax =
πm

t
s ⌠
⌠ ⎛ F 0 t0 ⎞ ⎛ ⎛ π t ⎞⎞
⎮ 1 ds = ⎮ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜1 − cos ⎜ ⎟⎟ dt
⌡0 ⎮ ⎝ πm ⎠⎝ ⎝ t0 ⎠ ⎠
⌡0

F 0 t0 ⎛ t0 ⎛ π t ⎞ ⎞
s= ⎜ t − sin ⎜ ⎟ ⎟
πm ⎝ π ⎝ t0 ⎠ ⎠
Problem 13-18

The cylinder of weight W at A is hoisted using

the motor and the pulley system shown. If the
speed of point B on the cable is increased at a
constant rate from zero to vB in time t, determine
the tension in the cable at B to cause the motion.

Given:
W = 2000 N

m
vB = 2.5
s

t = 5s

Solution:
2sA + sB = l

vB
aB =
t

−aB
aA =
2

W
2T − W = − aA
g

W⎛ aA ⎞
T = ⎜1 − ⎟ T = 1.03 kN
2⎝ g⎠
Problem 13-19

A suitcase of weight W slides from rest a distance d down the smooth ramp. Determine the
point where it strikes the ground at C. How long does it take to go from A to C?

Given:

W = 200 N

d = 5m

h = 1m

θ = 30 deg

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

W sin ( θ ) =
⎛ W ⎞a a = g sin ( θ )
m
⎜ ⎟ a = 4.90
⎝g⎠ 2
s

m
vB = 2a d vB = 7.00
s

vB
tAB = tAB = 1.43 s
a

Guesses tBC = 1 s R = 1m

⎛ −g ⎞ t 2 − v sin ( θ ) t + h = 0 R = vB cos ( θ ) tBC

Given ⎜ ⎟ BC B BC
⎝2⎠
⎛ tBC ⎞
⎜ ⎟ = Find ( tBC , R) tBC = 0.22 s R = 1.33 m tAB + tBC = 1.65 s
⎝ R ⎠
*Problem 13-20

A suitcase of weight W slides from rest a distance d down the rough ramp. The coefficient of
kinetic friction along ramp AB is μk. The suitcase has an initial velocity down the ramp v0.
Determine the point where it strikes the ground at C. How long does it take to go from A to C?

Given:

W = 200 N

d = 5m

h = 1m

μ k = 0.2

θ = 30 deg
m
v0 = 2.5
s
m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

F N − W cos ( θ ) = 0 F N = W cos ( θ )

W sin ( θ ) − μ k W cos ( θ ) =
⎛ W ⎞a
⎜ ⎟
⎝g⎠

a = g( sin ( θ ) − μ k cos ( θ ) )
m
a = 3.21
2
s

2 m
vB = 2a d + v0 vB = 6.19
s

vB − v0
tAB = tAB = 1.15 s
a

Guesses tBC = 1 s R = 1 ft

⎛ −g ⎞ t 2 − v sin ( θ ) t + h = 0 R = vB cos ( θ ) tBC

Given ⎜ ⎟ BC B BC
⎝2⎠
⎛ tBC ⎞
⎜ ⎟ = Find ( tBC , R) tBC = 0.24 s R = 1.26 m tAB + tBC = 1.39 s
⎝ R ⎠
Problem 13-21

The winding drum D is drawing in the cable at an accelerated rate a. Determine the cable
tension if the suspended crate has mass M.

Units Used:

kN = 1000 N

Given:

m
a = 5
2
s

M = 800 kg

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:
−a m
L = sA + 2sB aB = aB = −2.50
2 2
s

M( g − aB)
2T − M g = −M aB T = T = 4.92 kN
2
Problem 13-22

At a given instant block A of weight WA is moving downward with a speed v1. Determine
its speed at the later time t. Block B has weight WB, and the coefficient of kinetic friction
between it and the horizontal plane is μk. Neglect the mass of the pulleys and cord.

Given:
m
WA = 25 N v1 = 1
s

WB = 30 N t = 2s

μ k = 0.3

Solution: 2sB + sA = L

Guesses

m m
aA = 1 aB = 1
2 2
s s

T = 1N FN = 1 N

Given F N − WB = 0 2aB + aA = 0

⎛ −WB ⎞ ⎛ −WA ⎞
2T − μ k FN = ⎜ ⎟ aB T − WA = ⎜ ⎟ aA
⎝ g ⎠ ⎝ g ⎠

⎛ FN ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ T ⎟ = Find ( F , T , a , a ) ⎛ FN ⎞ ⎛ 30.000 ⎞ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ 6.19 ⎞ m
⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟N ⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎜ aA ⎟ N A B
⎝ T ⎠ ⎝ 9.231 ⎠ ⎝ aB ⎠ ⎝ −3.09 ⎠ s2
⎜ ⎟
⎝ aB ⎠

m
v2 = v1 + aA t v2 = 13.4
s
Problem 13-23

A force F is applied to the cord. Determine how high the block A of weight W rises in time t
starting from rest. Neglect the weight of the pulleys and cord.

Given:
F = 150 N

W = 300 N

t = 2s

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

⎛ W ⎞a
4F − W = ⎜ ⎟
⎝g⎠

g m 1 2
a = ( 4F − W) a = 9.81 d = at d = 19.62 m
W 2 2
s
*Problem 13-24

At a given instant block A of weight WA is moving downward with speed vA0. Determine its speed
at a later time t. Block B has a weight WB and the coefficient of kinetic friction between it and the
horizontal plane is μk. Neglect the mass of the pulleys and cord.

Given:
WA = 100 N

m
vA0 = 2
s

t = 2s

WB = 40 N

μ k = 0.2

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution L = sB + 2sA

m m
Guesses aA = 1 aB = 1 T = 1N
2 2
s s

⎛ −WB ⎞
Given T − μ k WB = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠
⎛ −WA ⎞
2T − WA = ⎜ ⎟ aA
⎝ g ⎠

0 = aB + 2aA

⎛T⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ 3.17 ⎞ m
⎜ aA ⎟ = Find ( T , aA , aB) T = 33.85 N ⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎜ aB ⎟ ⎝ aB ⎠ ⎝ −6.34 ⎠ s2
⎝ ⎠

m
vA = vA0 + aA t vA = 8.34
s
Problem 13-25

A freight elevator, including its load, has mass Me. It is prevented from rotating due to the
track and wheels mounted along its sides. If the motor M develops a constant tension T in
its attached cable, determine the velocity of the elevator when it has moved upward at a
distance d starting from rest. Neglect the mass of the pulleys and cables.

Units Used:
3
kN := 10 N

Given:
Me := 500 kg

T := 1.50 kN

d := 3m

m
g := 9.81
2
s
Solution:

4T − Me g = Me a

a := 4⎜
⎛ T ⎞−g
⎟
⎝ Me ⎠
m
v := 2a d v = 3.62
s
Problem 13-26

At the instant shown the block A of

weight WA is moving down the plane at
v0 while being attached to the block B
of weight WB. If the coefficient of
kinetic friction is μ k , determine the
acceleration of A and the distance A
slides before it stops. Neglect the mass
of the pulleys and cables.

Given:
m
WA = 500 N v0 = 2 a = 3
s

WB = 250 N μ k = 0.2 b = 4

θ = atan ⎛⎜ ⎟⎞
a
Solution:
⎝ b⎠
Rope constraints
sA + 2sC = L1

sD + ( sD − sB) = L2

sC + sD + d = d'

Guesses
m m
aA = 1 aB = 1
2 2
s s

m m
aC = 1 aD = 1
2 2
s s

TA = 1 N TB = 1 N NA = 1 N

Given

aA + 2aC = 0

2aD − aB = 0

aC + aD = 0

⎛ WB ⎞
TB − W B = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠

⎛ −WA ⎞
TA − WA sin ( θ ) + μ k NA = ⎜ ⎟ aA
⎝ g ⎠

NA − WA cos ( θ ) = 0
 2TA − 2TB = 0

⎛ aA ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ aB ⎟
⎜ aC ⎟ ⎛ TA ⎞ ⎛ 240 ⎞ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ −0.39 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎟
⎜ aD ⎟ = Find ( aA , aB , aC , aD , TA , TB , NA) ⎜ TB ⎟ = ⎜ 240 ⎟ N ⎜ aB ⎟ = ⎜ −0.39 ⎟ m
⎜T ⎟ ⎜ N ⎟ ⎝ 400 ⎠ ⎜ aC ⎟ ⎜ 0.2 ⎟ s2
⎜ A⎟ ⎝ A⎠ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎜ TB ⎟ ⎝ aD ⎠ ⎝ −0.2 ⎠
⎜ ⎟
⎝ NA ⎠

2
−v0 m
dA = aA = −0.392 dA = 5.1 m
2aA 2
s
Problem 13-27

The safe S has weight Ws and is supported by the rope and pulley arrangement shown. If the end of
the rope is given to a boy B of weight Wb, determine his acceleration if in the confusion he doesn't
let go of the rope. Neglect the mass of the pulleys and rope.

Given:
Ws = 1000 N

Wb = 450 N

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution: L = 2ss + sb

m m
initial guesses: ab = 1 as = 1 T = 1N
2 2
s s

⎛ −Ws ⎞ ⎛ −Wb ⎞
Given 0 = 2as + ab 2T − Ws = ⎜ ⎟ as T − Wb = ⎜ ⎟ ab
⎝ g ⎠ ⎝ g ⎠

⎛ ab ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ as ⎟ = Find ( ab , as , T)
m m
T = 482.1 N as = 0.35 ab = −0.70
2 2
⎜T⎟ s s
⎝ ⎠
Negative means up
*Problem 13-28

The mine car of mass mcar is hoisted up the incline using the cable and motor M. For a short time,
the force in the cable is F = bt2. If the car has an initial velocity v0 when t = 0, determine its
velocity when t = t1.

Given:
mcar = 400 kg

N
b = 3200
2
s

m
v0 = 2
s

t1 = 2 s

m
g = 9.81
2
s
c = 8

d = 15

Solution:

2
b t − mcar g⎜
⎛ ⎞=m a
c
2⎟
car
2
⎝ c + d ⎠

a=
⎛ b ⎞ t2 − gc
⎜m ⎟
⎝ car ⎠ c +d
2 2

3
⎛ b ⎞ t1 −
v1 = ⎜
g c t1
+ v0 v1 = 14.1
m
⎟
⎝ mcar ⎠ 3 2
c +d
2 s
Problem 13-29

The mine car of mass mcar is hoisted up the incline using the cable and motor M. For a short time,
the force in the cable is F = bt2. If the car has an initial velocity v0 when t = 0, determine the
distance it moves up the plane when t = t1.

Given:
mcar = 400 kg

N
b = 3200
2
s

m
v0 = 2
s

t1 = 2 s

m
g = 9.81
2
s
c = 8

d = 15

Solution:

2
b t − mcar g⎜
⎛ ⎞=m a
c
2⎟
car
2
⎝ c + d ⎠

a=
⎛ b ⎞ t2 − gc
⎜m ⎟
⎝ car ⎠ c +d
2 2

3
⎛ b ⎞t −
v=⎜
gct
+ v0
⎟
⎝ mcar ⎠ 3 2
c +d
2

4 2
⎛ b ⎞ t1 − ⎛ g c ⎞ t1 + v t
s1 = ⎜ s1 = 5.43 m
⎟ ⎜ ⎟ 0 1
⎝ mcar ⎠ 12 ⎝ c2 + d2 ⎠ 2
Problem 13-30

The tanker has a weight W and is traveling forward at speed v0 in still water when the
engines are shut off. If the drag resistance of the water is proportional to the speed of the
tanker at any instant and can be approximated by FD = cv, determine the time needed for
the tanker’s speed to become v1. Given the initial velocity v0 through what distance must
the tanker travel before it stops?

Given:
3
W = 4000 × 10 kN

3 s
c = 0.65 × 10 kN
m
m m W
v0 = 1 v1 = 0.5 M =
s s 9.81

Solution:

−c g
a ( v) = v
M

v
⌠ 1 1
t = ⎮ dv t = 44.3 s
⎮ a ( v)
⌡v
0

0
⌠ v
d = ⎮ dv d = 64 m
⎮ a ( v)
⌡v
0
Problem 13-31

The spring mechanism is used as a

shock absorber for railroad cars.
Determine the maximum compression
of spring HI if the fixed bumper R of a
railroad car of mass M, rolling freely at
speed v strikes the plate P. Bar AB
slides along the guide paths CE and
DF. The ends of all springs are
attached to their respective members
and are originally unstretched.

Units Used:
3 3
kN = 10 N Mg = 10 kg

Given:

kN
M = 5 Mg k = 80
m
m kN
v = 2 k' = 160
s m

Solution:

The springs stretch or compress an equal amount x. Thus,

k' + 2k d
( k' + 2k)x = −M a a=− x=v v
M dx

d
⌠
0 ⌠
⎮ v dv = − ⎮
⎛ k' + 2k ⎞ x dx
Guess d = 1m Given ⎜ ⎟ d = Find ( d)
⌡v ⎮
⌡ ⎝ M ⎠
0
d = 0.250 m
*Problem 13-32

The collar C of mass mc is free to slide along the smooth shaft AB. Determine the acceleration of
collar C if (a) the shaft is fixed from moving, (b) collar A, which is fixed to shaft AB, moves
downward at constant velocity along the vertical rod, and (c) collar A is subjected to downward
acceleration aA. In all cases, the collar moves in the plane.

Given:

mc = 2 kg

m
aA = 2
2
s

m
g = 9.81
2
s

θ = 45 deg

Solution:

mc g cos ( θ ) = mc aa aa = g cos ( θ )
m
(a) aa = 6.94
2
s

mc g cos ( θ ) = mc ab ab = g cos ( θ )
m
(b) ab = 6.94
2
s

(c) mc( g − aA) cos ( θ ) = mc acrel acrel = ( g − aA) cos ( θ )

⎛ −sin ( θ ) ⎞ ⎛0⎞ ⎛ −3.90 ⎞ m m

ac = acrel ⎜ ⎟ + aA⎜ ⎟ ac = ⎜ ⎟ ac = 7.08
⎝ −cos ( θ ) ⎠ ⎝ −1 ⎠ ⎝ −5.91 ⎠ s2 2
s
Problem 13-33

The collar C of mass mc is free to slide along the smooth shaft AB. Determine the acceleration of
collar C if collar A is subjected to an upward acceleration a. The collar moves in the plane.

Given:

mC = 2 kg

m
a = 4
2
s

m
g = 9.81
2
s

θ = 45 deg

Solution:

The collar accelerates along the rod and the rod accelerates upward.

mC g cos ( θ ) = mC⎡⎣aCA − ( a)cos ( θ )⎤⎦ aCA = ( g + a)cos ( θ )

⎛ −aCA sin ( θ ) ⎞ ⎛ −6.91 ⎞ m m

aC = ⎜ ⎟ aC = ⎜ ⎟ aC = 7.49
⎝ −aCA cos ( θ ) + a ⎠ ⎝ −2.91 ⎠ s2 2
s
Problem 13-34

The boy has weight W and hangs uniformly from the bar. Determine the force in each of his
arms at time t = t1 if the bar is moving upward with (a) a constant velocity v0 and (b) a speed v =
bt2
Given:

W = 400 N

t1 = 2 s

m
v0 = 1
s

m
b = 1.2
3
s

W
Solution: (a) 2Ta − W = 0 Ta = Ta = 200 N
2

⎛ W ⎞ 2b t 1⎛ W ⎞
(b) 2Tb − W = ⎜ ⎟ Tb = ⎜ W + 2b t1⎟ Tb = 297.9 N
⎝g⎠ 2⎝ g ⎠
Problem 13-35

The block A of mass mA rests on the plate B

of mass mB in the position shown.
Neglecting the mass of the rope and pulley,
and using the coefficients of kinetic friction
indicated, determine the time needed for
block A to slide a distance s' on the plate
when the system is released from rest.

Given:
mA = 10 kg μ AB = 0.2

mB = 50 kg μ BC = 0.1

s' = 0.5 m θ = 30 deg

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution:

sA + sB = L

Guesses
m m
aA = 1 aB = 1
2 2
s s

T = 1N NA = 1 N NB = 1 N

Given

aA + aB = 0

NA − mA g cos ( θ ) = 0

NB − NA − mB g cos ( θ ) = 0

T − μ AB NA − mA g sin ( θ ) = −mA aA

T + μ AB NA + μ BC NB − mB g sin ( θ ) = −mB aB
⎛ aA ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ aB ⎟ ⎛ T ⎞ ⎛ 84.58 ⎞
⎜ T ⎟ = Find ( a , a , T , N , N ) ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ −1.854 ⎞ m
⎜ ⎟ A B A B ⎜ NA ⎟ = ⎜ 84.96 ⎟ N ⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎜ NB ⎟ ⎝ 509.74 ⎠ ⎝ aB ⎠ ⎝ 1.854 ⎠ s2
⎜ NA ⎟ ⎝ ⎠
⎜N ⎟
⎝ B⎠

m 2s'
aBA = aB − aA aBA = 3.708 t = t = 0.519 s
2 aBA
s
*Problem 13-36

Determine the acceleration of block A when the system

is released from rest. The coefficient of kinetic friction
and the weight of each block are indicated. Neglect the
mass of the pulleys and cord.

Given:
WA = 400 N

WB = 100 N

θ = 60 deg

μ k = 0.2

m
g = 9.81
2
s

Solution: 2sA + sB = L
Guesses
m m
aA = 1 aB = 1
2 2
s s

T = 1N NA = 1 N
Given

⎛ −WA ⎞
2T − WA sin ( θ ) + μ k NA = ⎜ ⎟ aA
⎝ g ⎠
NA − WA cos ( θ ) = 0

⎛ −WB ⎞
T − WB = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠
2aA + aB = 0

⎛ aA ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ aB ⎟ = Find ( a , a , T , N ) aA = 1.3
m
⎜T⎟ A B A
2
s
⎜ ⎟
⎝ NA ⎠
Problem 13-37

The conveyor belt is moving at speed v. If the coefficient of static friction between the
conveyor and the package B of mass M is μs , determine the shortest time the belt can stop so
that the package does not slide on the belt.

Given:

m
v = 4
s

M = 10 kg

μ s = 0.2

m
g = 9.81
2
s
m v
Solution: μs M g = M a a = μs g a = 1.96 t = t = 2.04 s
2 a
s
Problem 13-38

An electron of mass m is discharged

with an initial horizontal velocity of v0. If
it is subjected to two fields of force for
which F x = F 0 and Fy = 0.3F0 where F 0
is constant, determine the equation of the
path, and the speed of the electron at any
time t.

Solution:

F 0 = m ax 0.3F 0 = m ay
F0 ⎛ F0 ⎞
ax = ay = 0.3 ⎜ ⎟
m ⎝m⎠
⎛ F0 ⎞ ⎛ F0 ⎞
vx = ⎜ ⎟ t + v0 vy = 0.3 ⎜ ⎟t
⎝m⎠ ⎝m⎠
F 0 ⎛ t2 ⎞ F 0 ⎛ t2 ⎞
sx = ⎜ ⎟ + v0 t sy = 0.3 ⎜ ⎟ 20sy m
m ⎝2⎠ m ⎝2⎠ t=
3F0

10sy 20sy m
Thus sx = + v0
3 3F0

2 2
2 2 ⎛ F0 ⎞ ⎛ 0.3F0 ⎞
v= vx + vy v = ⎜ t + v0⎟ + ⎜ t⎟
⎝m ⎠ ⎝ m ⎠
*Problem 13-39

The conveyor belt delivers each crate of mass M to the ramp at A such that the crate's speed is
vA directed down along the ramp. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between each crate and the
ramp is μk , determine the speed at which each crate slides off the ramp at B. Assume that no
tipping occurs.

Given:

M = 12 kg

m
vA = 2.5
s

d = 3m

μ k = 0.3

θ = 30 deg

m
g = 9.81
2
s
Solution:

NC − M g cos ( θ ) = 0 NC = M g cos ( θ )

⎛ NC ⎞
M g sin ( θ ) − μ k NC = M a a = g sin ( θ ) − μ k⎜
m
⎟ a = 2.36
⎝M⎠ 2
s

2 m
vB = vA + 2a d vB = 4.52
s
*Problem 13-40

A parachutist having a mass m opens his parachute from an at-rest position at a very high
altitude. If the atmospheric drag resistance is FD = kv2, where k is a constant, determine his
velocity when he has fallen for a time t. What is his velocity when he lands on the ground? This
velocity is referred to as the terminal velocity, which is found by letting the time of fall t → ∞.

Solution:

2
k v − m g = −m a

⎛ k ⎞ v2 = dv
a= g− ⎜ ⎟
⎝ m⎠ dt

v
⌠ 1
t=⎮ dv
⎮ ⎛ k⎞ 2
g − ⎜ ⎟v
⎮ ⎝ m⎠
⌡0

⎛ m⎞ ⎛ k ⎞
t= ⎜ ⎟ atanh ⎜v ⎟
⎝ g k⎠ ⎝ g m⎠

⎛ mg ⎞ ⎛ gk ⎞ When t → ∞ ⎛ g⎞
v= ⎜ ⎟ tanh ⎜ t⎟ v= m⎜ ⎟
⎝ k ⎠ ⎝ m ⎠ ⎝k⎠
Problem 13-41

Block B rests on a smooth surface. If the coefficients of static and kinetic friction between
A and B are μ s and μ k respectively, determine the acceleration of each block if someone
pushes horizontally on block A with a force of (a) F = Fa and (b) F = F b.
Given:
μ s = 0.4 F a = 30 N

μ k = 0.3 F b = 250 N

WA = 100 N WB = 150 N

m
g = 9.81
2
s
Solution:

Guesses F A = 10 N F max = 10 N

m m
aA = 1 aB = 1
2 2
s s

( a) F = Fa First assume no slip

⎛ WA ⎞ ⎛ WB ⎞
Given F − FA = ⎜ ⎟ aA FA = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠ ⎝ g ⎠

aA = aB F max = μ s WA

⎛ FA ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎜ Fmax ⎟ = Find ( F , F , a , a )
A max A B If F = 17.998 N < F
⎜ aA ⎟ A max = 40 N then our
⎜ ⎟ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ 1.18 ⎞ m
⎝ aB ⎠ assumption is correct and ⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟
⎝ aB ⎠ ⎝ 1.18 ⎠ s2

( b) F = Fb First assume no slip

⎛ WA ⎞ ⎛ WB ⎞
Given F − FA = ⎜ ⎟ aA FA = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠ ⎝ g ⎠

aA = aB F max = μ s WA
⎛ FA ⎞
⎜ ⎟
Fmax
⎜ ⎟ = Find ( F , F , a , a ) Since F A = 150 N > F max = 40 N then our
⎜ aA ⎟ A max A B

⎜ ⎟ assumption is not correct.

⎝ aB ⎠

Now we know that it slips

⎛ WA ⎞ ⎛ WB ⎞
Given F A = μ k WA F − FA = ⎜ ⎟ aA FA = ⎜ ⎟ aB
⎝ g ⎠ ⎝ g ⎠
⎛ FA ⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎛ aA ⎞ ⎛ 21.58 ⎞ m
⎜ aA ⎟ = Find ( FA , aA , aB) ⎜ ⎟=⎜ ⎟
⎜a ⎟ ⎝ aB ⎠ ⎝ 1.96 ⎠ s2
⎝ B⎠
Problem 13-42

Blocks A and B each have a mass M. Determine the largest horizontal force P which can be applied
to B so that A will not move relative to B. All surfaces are smooth.

Solution:

Require

aA = aB = a

Block A:

+
↑ ΣF y = 0; N cos ( θ ) − M g = 0

ΣF x = Max; N sin ( θ ) = M a

a = g tan ( θ )

Block B:

ΣF x = Max; P − N sin ( θ ) = M a

P = 2 M g tan ( θ )