REMEDIAL EXAM

For numbers 1-5. The package of mass M = 5 kg is released from rest at A

which is h = 3 m above B. It slides down the frictionless plane which is
inclined at an angle θ = 30° onto the rough surface having a coefficient of
kinetic friction μk = 0.2. Neglect the size of the package.

1. What is the velocity of the package at point B?

v A =0 h A =3 m h B=0
Work done by weight ,W =mg
1
U 1−2=mg ∆ h=T 2−T 1 but T 1=0∧T 2= mv B2
2
m 1
( )
( 5 kg ) 9.81 2 ( 3 m−0 ) = (5 kg)( v ¿ ¿ B)2 ¿
s 2
v B=7.6720 m/s → D
2. How far is the distance travelled by the package along the incline?

3
sin 30 ˚=
x1

x 1=6.0 m → C
3. How long did it take for the package to reach point B?

acceleration down aninclined plane , a=gsinθ

m
(
a= 9.81 2 sin 30˚
s )
m
a=4.905 2
s
1
distance when moving∈an inclined plane while accelerating , x = at 2
2
1 m
6= 4.905 2 (t )2
2 s ( )
t=1.5641 s → C
4. How far from point B has the package reached before it halts at point C?

Σ F y : N−W =0
Σ F x :−μk N =ma
N=W =mg
−( 0.2)( 49.05 N )=( 5 kg ) (a)
m
(
N= (5 kg ) 9.81 2
s ) a=−1.962 2
m
s
N=49.05 N
at point B , x B =0∧v B =7.6720 m/s
at point C(whenit halts), v C =0
vC 2 =v B 2+2 ax 2=0
m 2 m
( 7.6720
s) (
+2 −1.962 2 x2 =0
s )
x 2=14.9999 m→ A
5. How long is the movement from point B until the package stops at point C?
 1
x= at 2
2

1 m
15=
2 ( s )
1.962 2 (t )2

t=3.9103 s → D

For numbers 6-10. A parcel starts up the inclined portion of the

conveyor with the same velocity as the conveyor belt, which is
2.44 m/s. However, the parcel slides on the belt due to
insufficient friction, reaching its maximum height in 4s.

6. Which among the methods of solving kinetics

problems would be better to use?

There is a given time, therefore C. Impulse-Momentum.

7. What will be the direction of friction before the parcel slides?

Friction force is always directed opposite the motion of the object. An object will always move downwards due to
gravity even before it slides therefore friction is always directed B. Upwards.

8. What will be the direction of friction after the parcel slides?

The parcel will slide downwards due to gravity therefore friction is directed B. Upwards.

9. Which force will be present in the summation term in this problem?

Σ F x : μk N−mg sin 20 ˚=0

Σ F y : N−mg cos 20 ˚=0 μk (mgcos 20 ˚ )−mg sin 20 ˚=0
N=mgcos 20˚ mg(μ¿¿ k cos 20˚ −sin 20 ˚)=0 ¿
∴−mgsin 20 ˚ → C
10. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the parcel and the conveyor belt?

Impulse−Momentum Principle∈x direction

( Σ F x )( Δ t )=(m)( Δ v )

mg(μ¿¿ k cos 20˚ −sin 20 ˚)(t 2−t 1)=(m)(v 2−v 1) ¿

@ maximum height : v 2=0∧t 1=0

g( μ¿¿ k cos 20˚ −sin 20 ˚)( t 2 )=−v1 ¿

gμk cos 20 ˚ (t 2)−g sin 20 ˚ (t 2)=−v 1

gμk cos 20 ˚ (t 2)=g sin 20 ˚ (t 2)−v 1

g sin 20 ˚ (t 2)−v 1
μk =
g cos 20 ˚ (t 2 )
 v1
μk =tan 20 ˚−
g cos 20 ˚ (t 2)

μk =0.2977 → B

For numbers 11-15. A projectile fired at O follows a parabolic trajectory, given in

parametric form by x = 66t and y = 86t −4.91t 2 where x and y are measured in
meters and t in seconds.

y=86 t – 4.91t 2 m
x=66 t m
m
m v y =86 – 9.82t
v x =66 s
s
m
a x =0 a y =– 9.82 2
s
11. Determine the velocity vector at point O.

At point O ,t=0
m m
v x =66 v y =86 – 9.82(0)
s s
m 100 cm
(
v= 66 i+86 j
s
×
1m)
v=6600 i+ 8600 j cm/s → B
12. Determine the acceleration vector throughout the flight.

At point O ,t=0
m
a x =0 a y =– 9.82
s2
m
a=0 i+ ( – 9.82 ) j
s2
a=– 9.82 jm/s 2 → C
13. Determine the maximum height h.

y=h when v y =0
y=86 t – 4.91 t 2 m=h
m 2
v y =86 – 9.82t =0 h=86 ( 8.7576 ) – 4.9 ( 8.7576 ) m
s
h=377.3454 m→ B
t=8.7576 s
14. Determine the range L.

x=L when y=– 120 m x=66 t m=L

y=86 t – 4.91t 2 m=– 120 m L=66 ( 18.8143 ) m
t=18.8143 s L=1241.7427 m → A
15. What is the vertical displacement of the projectile with point O as the reference?

y=−120 m→ D
For numbers 16-20. The 12-kg mass A in the figure slides with negligible friction
in a semi-circular trough of radius R = 2m. The mass is launched at θ = 30 ° with the
velocity v0 = 4m/s toward the bottom of the trough.

m maN
g maT
θ

N
FBDMAD

16. Which set of curvilinear coordinates will make the problem easier to solve?

The block moves on a circular path and the value of R is constant, therefore A. Normal-Tangential.

17. Which among the forces is/are not included in the free body diagram?

There is no rope, string or wire attached to the block, therefore no pulling force or A. Tension.

18. What will be the velocity of the mass when it reaches θ = 60°?

Σ F T :mg cos θ=ma T at v 0=4 m/s whenθ=30 ˚

a T =g cos θ m 2
dv vdv ( )
4
s m
but =
dt dS
=a T =R θ̈∧dS=Rdθ
2 ( )
= 9.81 2 (2m)sin 30 ˚ +C → C=−1.81
s
vdv
=g cos θ → vdv =gR cos θ dθ v2 2
Rdθ =gR sinθ−1.81 → v =39.24 sin θ−3.62
2
v2
=gR sinθ +C
2 at θ=6 0 ˚ , v 2=39.24 sin60 ˚ −3.62
v=5.5102 m/ s →C

19. What will be the normal force between the mass and the trough when it reaches θ = 70°?

Σ F N : N −mg sin θ=ma N at θ=7 0 ˚ , v 2=39.24 sin 70 ˚−3.62

v2 2 v=5.7666 m/s
but aN = =R θ̇
R
mv2
N−mgsin θ=
R
 v2 m 2

( )
N=m
R
+ g sin θ
N=12 kg [ ( 5.7666

2m
s

N=310.1418 N → B
) + 9.81 m sin7 0˚
( s2 ) ]
20. At what value of θ will the mass change its direction?

v=0 before changing direction

0=39.24 sin θ−3.62
θ=5.2932˚ S of E
θ=174.7068˚ → D

For numbers 21-25. A car is driving around a curve of radius 200m, while increasing its speed at the rate of 0.8m/s 2. At a
certain instant, the magnitude of the total acceleration is measured to be 1.5m/s 2. What is the speed of the car at that instant
measured in km/h?

21. What is the magnitude of the tangential acceleration of the car?

Tangential acceleration is caused by the change in speed of the car, therefore aT is A . 0.8 m/s 2.
22. What is the magnitude of the normal acceleration of the car?

m
a=1.5 2
∧a N 2=a2−aT 2
s

a N =√ (1.5)2−( 0.8)2

a N =1.2689 m/s2 → B
23. What is the speed of the car at the instant measured in km/h?

v2 m v2
aN = →1.2689 2 =
R s 200 m
m km 3600 s
v=15.9302 × ×
s 1000 m hr
v=57.3488 km/h→ D
24. What will happen to the total acceleration of the car if only the radius of the curve is decreased?

2 2 2 v2
a =a N +aT ∧a N =
R
R isinversely proportianal ¿ a N ∴ ↓ R ↑ aN

When a N increases , the total acceleration also A . Increases.

25. What will happen to the radius of the curve if the velocity at given instant is increased?
 Normal and tangential coordinates are used when an object moves on a circular path and the value of R is constant. Since R
is not dependent on velocity, there is C. No change in the radius of the curve.

For numbers 26-30. The 0.8-kg slider is at rest in position 1 when the
constant vertical force F is applied to the rope that is attached to the
slider.

26. Which among the methods of solving kinetics problems

would be better to use?

There is a given displacement, therefore A. Work-Energy.

27. Which among the force/s will be present in the active force
diagram?

Active force diagram consists only of forces that change. Since weight
and normal force remains the same, then C. force F is the only force present in the AFD.

28. Which among the types of work does the force F contribute to the object?

Force F is directed toward a fixed point and its magnitude is a function of the distance between the fixed point and the
point of application of the force, therefore B. U due to central force.

29. What is the sign of the work done by the Weight?

Work done by weight, W = mg, is neither positive nor negative, therefore D. Neither A nor B.

30. What is the required magnitude of F if the slider is to reach position 2 with a speed of 6m/s?

Σ F dS=∆ KE
1
Σ F ∆ S= m( v 2f −v2i )
2
1
F (1.3−0.5)= (0.8 kg)(6 2−0)
2
F=18 N → D
For numbers 31-35. The 0.2-kg mass moves in the vertical x-y plane. At time t = 0, the velocity of the mass is 8 j m/s. In
addition to its weight, the mass is acted on by the force F(t) = F(t)i m/s, where the magnitude of the force varies with time as
shown in the figure.

31. Which among the methods of solving kinetics problems would be better to use?

The diagram is made up of straight lines analyzing rectilinear motion, therefore D. Area Method.

32. The velocity vector at t = 4s will have

There are x and y components, therefore C. Both A and B.

33. The summation of impulses along the x-component is

Σ F dt =m dv

Σ F=F ( t ) i+W j

Σ F dt=m dv
 [ F ( t ) i+W j ] ∆ t=m ∆ v
1 1 m
[ 2 2 ] [ ( ) ]
(1.2 N ) ( 1−0 ) s+ ( 1.2 N )( 3−1 ) + (1.2 N ) ( 4−3 ) s i− (0.2 kg) 9.81 2 (4−0)s j=(0.2 kg)(v 2−8 j )
s

3.6 i−7. 848 j=0.2 v 2−1.6 j

x=F ( t ) ∆ t=3.6 i N ∙ s → A
34. The summation of impulses along the y-component is

3.6 i−7. 848 j=0.2 v 2−1.6 j

y=W ∆ t=−7. 848 j N ∙ s → D

35. The velocity vector at t = 4s is

3.6 i−7. 848 j=0.2 v 2−1.6 j

v 2=18i −31.24 j m/s → D

ADDITONAL PROBLEMS

(CASTRO, Angie)

The static and kinetic coefficients of friction between the 5-kg sliding collar and the vertical guide rod are µ S = 0.5 and µK =
0.40, respectively. If the force P is slowly increased until the collar starts to move, determine the initial acceleration of the
collar.
 Σ F x : P sin 40 ˚−N =0

N=P sin 40˚

Σ F y :P cos 40 ˚−mg−μN=ma

P cos 40 ˚ −mg−μ ( P sin 40 ˚ )=ma

@impending motion :a=0 ; μs =0.5

P cos 40 ˚ −mg−μ s ( P sin 40 ˚ )=0

m
(
P cos 40 ˚ −(5 kg) 9.81
s2 )
−(0.5) ( P sin 40 ˚ ) =0

P=110.1989 N
@ starts ¿ move : μ k =0.4

P cos 40 ˚ −mg−μk ( P sin 40 ˚ )=ma

m
(
( 110.1989 N ) cos 40 ˚ −( 5 kg ) 9.81
s2)−( 0.4 ) (110.1989 N ) sin 40˚ =(5 kg )( a)

m
a=1.4167
s2

(GARCES, Quennie)

Block A of mass m is placed on the inclined surface of wedge B. The static coefficient of friction between A and B is 0.4.
Determine the smallest acceleration a of the wedge that would cause the block to slide up the inclined surface.
 Assumeimpending sliding
Σ F y : N A cos 20 ˚−0.4 N A sin 20˚ −mg=0

N A (cos 20 ˚−0.4 sin20 ˚ )=mg

mg
N A=
0.8029
N A =1.2455 mg

Σ F x : N A sin 20 ˚ +0.4 N A cos 20˚ =ma

N A (sin 20˚ + 0.4 cos 20 ˚ )=ma

(1.2455 mg)( 0.7179)=ma

a=0.8941 g

(GARCES, Quennie)

A package of mass m is placed inside a drum that rotates in the vertical plane at the constant angular speed θ̇ =1.36 rad/s. If
the package reaches the position θ = 45° before slipping, determine the static coefficient of friction between the package and
the drum.
 mg

v2
aN =
v=θR ˙ R
rad m 2
(
v= 1.36
s ) ( 2.5 m )
aN =
3.4
s( )
m 2.5 m
v=3.4
s m
a N =4.624 2
s
Assumeimpending sliding
Σ F N : N −mg cos 45 ˚ =ma N

m m
[( )
N=m 9.81
s2 (
cos 45 ˚+ 4.624 2
s )]
N=11.5607 m
Σ F T : μ S N −mg sin 45 ˚=0

μS =
(
m 9.81
s2)sin 45 ˚

μS =
(
m 9.81
s2)sin 45 ˚

11.5607 m
μS =0.6
(SALAZAR, Nicole)

A car is travelling at 100 km/h along a straight, level road when it brakes become locked. Determine the stopping distance of
the car knowing that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the tires and the road is 0.65.

F ma

W
FBD MAD

km 1000 m 1 hr m
v 0=100 × × =27.7778
hr 1 km 3600 s s
Σ F y : N−W =0

N=mg
Σ F x : F=ma

μk N
a= but N=mg
m
a=μk g

m
(
a=( 0.65 ) 9.81
s2 )
m
a=6.3765
s2

v=∫ adt =6.3765 t+C 1

x=∫ vdt =3.1883t 2 +C1 t+C 2

@initial conditions :t=0 , x=0 , v=v 0

∴ C1=v 0∧C 2=0

v=6.3765 t+ v 0

x=3.1883 t 2+ v 0 t

when v =0
 m m
(
0= 6.3765
s 2)(t)+27.7778
s

t=4.3562 s

m m
(
x= 3.1883
s2 ) ( )
( 4.3562 s )2+ 27.7778 ( 4.3562 s )
s

x=60.5029 m
(SISON, Kelly)

A 50-kg crate rests on a horizontal surface for which the coefficient of kinetic friction is μ k = 0.3. If the crate is subjected to a
400-N towing force as shown, determine the velocity of the crate in 3 s starting from rest.

Free Body Diagram Mass-Acceleration Diagram

SOLUTION

Based from the FBD, W is 490.5 N and the frictional force has a magnitude of F=μ kN opposing the motion of the crate. Using the
data shown on the FBD,

¿
400 cos 30˚ −0.3 N=50 a( Eqn.1)

¿
N−490.5+ 400sin 30 ˚=0( Eqn.2)

Solving (Eqn. 2) for N, substituting the result into (Eqn. 1), and solving for a, yields

N=290.5 N
m
a=5.185
s2
Applied force P is constant therefore, the acceleration is constant. Using kinematics, since the initial velocity is zero, the
velocity of the crate in 3 seconds is

v=v 0 + at

m
(
v=0+ 5.185
s2 )
(3 s )
 m
v=15.556
s

(SISON, Kelly)

A 75-kg man stands on a spring scale in an elevator. The tension T in the hoisting cable is 8300 N. Find the reading R of the
scale in N. The total mass of the elevator, man, and scale is 750kg.

Free Body Diagram Mass – acceleration Diagram

SOLUTION

From the FBD, the acceleration is found to be

¿
8300 N−7360 N =(750 kg)(a y )

m
a y =1.26
s2
The equal and opposite reaction R to the force exerted by the man’s feet is shown in the FBD. The equation of motion yields

Σ F y =ma y

m
R−736 N =75 kg 1.26
( s2 )
R=830 N
(SISON, Kelly)

A parcel is lowered onto a conveyor belt that is moving at 4 m/s. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the parcel and the
belt is 0.25, calculate the time that it takes for the parcel to reach the speed of the belt.

Free Body Diagram

SOLUTION

Since motion is only applied along the horizontal, using the FBD, along x, only the frictional force is involved. Applying the
impulse-momentum principle along the horizontal direction and substituting the information given yields,

Σ Fdt =m(v 2−v 1 )

 −μk N ( t 2 −t 1 ) =m(v 2−v 1)

m m
(
−( 0.25 ) m× 9.8
s ) t −0 ) =m(0−4)
2 ( 2
s

t 2=1.63 s

(SISON, Kelly)

The car A has a weight of 4500-lb and is travelling to the right at 3 ft/s. Meanwhile, a 3000-lb car B is travelling at 6 ft/s to the
left. If the cars crash head-on and become entangled, determine their common velocity just after the collision. Assume that the
brakes are not applied during collision.

SOLUTION

Treating the two cars as one system, the forces involved are internal. Therefore, there are no external forces present,
momentum is conserved.

ft ft
( ) ( )
( 4500lb m ) 3 s −( 3000 lb m ) 6 s =( 7500 lb m ) ( v 2 )

ft
v 2=−0.6
s
(SISON, Kelly)

The rocket is in powered flight close to the surface of the earth. Determine the radius of curvature of the path at the instant
shown if the speed of the rocket is 200m/s. Note that the acceleration of the rocket has two components— the acceleration
due to the thrust of the rocket engines and the acceleration due to gravity.

SOLUTION

a N =g cos 30 ˚

m
(
a N = 9.81
s2)cos 30 ˚

m
a N =8.4957
s2
 v2 v2
aN = → R=
R aN
2
m
R=
( 200
s )
m
8.4957
s2
R=4708.2591 m