VERB TENSES

FORM USE EXAMPLES / TIME EXPRESSIONS

Present Simple -Costums, hàbits. (+) He comes from Australia.

(+) S + verb (he, she, it Vs/es)+ (C) -Coses que sempre són veritat. (-) He doen’t come from America.

(-)S + don’t / doesn’t + V + (C) (?) Where do you come from?

(?)(Wh-) do / does + S + V + (C)? always, usually, never, sometimes, every, once,

twice, three times...

Present Continuous -Acció que passa ara. (+) He is watching TV at the moment.

(+) S + am / is / are + Ving + (C) (-) He is not watching TV at the moment.

(-) S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + Ving + (C) (?) Is he watching TV at the moment?

(?) (Wh-) am / is / are + S + Ving + (C)? Now, at the moment, right now, today...

Past Simple -Costum del passat. (+) We sang in a choir when we were 12.

(+) S + Ved / 2a columna + (C) -Acció puntual del passat, importa QUAN va (-) We didn’t sing in a choir when we were 12.
passar.
(-)S + didn’t + V + (C) (?) Did you sing in a choir when you were 12?

(?) (Wh-) did +S+ V + (C)? Yesterday, a week ago, last...

Past Continuous -Expressa què estava passant en el passat. (+) It was raining a lot.

(+) S + was/ were + Ving + (C) (-) I wasn’t taking a shower when the phone rang.

(-) S + wasn’t / weren’t + Ving + (C) -Descriu dues o més accions prolongades i (?) Was it raining yesterday night?
simultànies en el passat, unides per while o as.
(?) (Wh-) + was/were + S + Ving + (C)?
Present Perfect Simple
(+) S + have/has + Ved/3a columna + (C)
(-) S + haven’t / hasn’t + Ved/3a columna + (C)
(?) (Wh-) + have/has + S + Ved/3a columna + (C)?
Present Perfect Continuous
(+) S + have/has +been + Ving + (C)
(-) S + haven’t / hasn’t + been + Ving + (C)
(?) (Wh-) + have/has+S + been + Ving + (C)?
Past Perfect Simple
(+) S + had + Ved/3a columna + (C)
(-) S + hadn’t + Ved/ 3a columna+ (C)
(?) (Wh-) + had+S + been + Ved/3a columna + (C)?
Past Perfect Continuous
-Accions que van començar en el passat i encara
continuen (porta for or since i es tradueix en
present)
-Accions passades que afecten el present o tenen
conseqüències en el moment actual.
-Accions passades sense especificar quan van
tenir lloc.
-Accions molt recents (porta just i es tradueix per
“acabar de” + infinitiu).
-Accions del passat recent, quan es vol emfatitzar
que s’ha estat fent durant força temps.
-Indica que una acció va tenir lloc abans que una
altra en el passat. Aquesta última va en Past
Simple.
-“Passat del passat”, quan es vol emfatitzar que
Ago, at + hour, last...
(+) I have lost my keys. (encara no les he trobat)
(-) We haven’t bought a new computer yet.
(?) Have they ever been in New York?
Ever, never, already, yet, just, always, for, since,
recently, lately...
(+) They have been waiting for two hours and a
half. (s’han estat esperant)
(-) She hasn’t been reading for a while.
(?) Have they all been waiting for her?
for, since, all day...
(+) Mary had left when her friends arrived. (havia
marxat)
(-) She hadn’t heard any strange noises.
(?) Had she been to Loch Ness?
before, after, as soon as, by the time, until,
when, already, yet
(+) They had been cooking dinner when she
 s’havia estat fent durant força temps. arrived (havien estat cuinant)

(+) S + had + been + Ving+ (C) (-) They hadn’t been cooking dinner....

(-) S + hadn’t + been + Ving + (C) (?) Had they been cooking dinner ....

(?) (Wh-) + had+S + been + Ving + (C)? all afternoon, for, since...

Future 1 – Will -Decisions que es prenen en el moment de parlar. (+) I will buy these shoes.

(+) S+ will + V + (C) -Oferiments i peticions. (-) There won’t be flying cars by the year 2025.

(-) S + won’t + V + (C) -Prediccions no segures. (?) Will you open the door, please?

(?) (Wh-) + will + S + V + (C)? Later, soon, in an hour, next year, in the future...

Future 2 – be going to -plans (+) We are going to get married next summer.

(+) S+ am/is/are + going to + V + (C) -prediccions segures (-) We are not going to the party next week.

(-) S + am not/ isn’t /aren’t + going to + V + (C) -intencions (?) Look at the sky, is it going to rain?

(?) (Wh-) +am/is/are+S+ going to + V + (C)? Later, soon, in an hour, next year, in the future...

Future 3 – present continuous -plans confirmats (anotats a l’agenda), (+) We are getting married tomorrow morning
normalment en un futur immediat
(-) We aren’t getting married next week.

(?) Are you getting married soon?

Later, soon, in an hour...

Futur 4 – present simple -horaris, programacions (+) The train leaves at 4

(-) The traint doesn’t leave at 7.

(?) What time does the traint leave?

At + hour, in the afternoon, next week...