Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by Method of Superposition

METHOD OF SUPERPOSITION

 also known as :
 -force method
 -flexibility method
 -method of consistent deformation
 a procedure for analyzing linear elastic indeterminate structures
 the method is most attractive when applied to structures with a low degree of indeterminacy.
 as a key step in this method, the analysis of an indeterminate structure is replaced by the analysis
of a stable determinate structure.

-Since the reaction at B is not absolutely essential for the stability of the structure, it is termed
a redundant. In many structures the designation of a particular reaction as a redundant is
arbitrary

- choose one of the support reactions as “redundant” and temporarily removing its effect on the
beam so that the beam then becomes statically determinate and stable.
FUNDAMENTALS OF THE METHOD OF SUPERPOSITION
 In this method, one imagines that sufficient redundants are removed from an indeterminate
structure to produce a stable, determinate released structure.
 The number of restraints removed equals the degree of indeterminancy.
 The design loads, which are specified, and the redundants, whose magnitude are unknown at
this state, are then applied to the released structure.
 We next analyze the determinate released structure for the applied loads and redundants. In
this step the analysis is divided into separate cases for (1) the applied loads and (2) for each
unknown redundant.For each case, deflections are computed at each point where a
redundant acts.

By superposition of deflections;
TYPICAL SLOPE AND DEFLECTION EQUATIONS

The following table will be useful in applying the method of superposition:

Example 10.1

Analyze the indeterminate beam shown by method of

superposition. Assume that support B does not settle.

Solution:
Remove the support reaction: Apply reaction at B:

Equating:
Draw the Shear and Moment diagram:

Example 10.2

Analyze the beam given in the previous problem if B settles

18 mm vertically down. E = 200000 MPa and I = 600 x 106
mm4.

Solution:
Remove the support reaction: Apply reaction at B:
Draw the Shear and Moment diagram:
Example 10.3

Analyze the indeterminate beam shown in figure.

Solution:
Remove the support reaction: Apply reaction at B:
Draw the Shear and Moment diagram: