Fluid Mechanics

Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic

University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

College of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
CE 241

Lecture 5
Exercises on Hydrostatic
Pressure Forces on Plane
Surfaces

1
 Summary of Forces on Plain Surface

Magnitude Center of Pressure

 
h y
y

F =g.h.A I
y cp  y 
h=y.sin  yA

Moment of Inertia for Common

Shapes

2
 Exercise 3
A rectangular gate (6m  4m) is hinged at A and supported by a stopper as
shown. Find the reaction at the hinge neglecting the weight of the gate

F  pA 
 9810 * (3  3 cos 30) * ( 4 * 6)
RA  1,318,000 N

I
y cp  y 
h yA
4m
6 I  4 * 63 / 12    m3

3-0.4641 y  3  3 / cos(30)  6.464m

F
I 4 * 63 / 12
ycp  y  
yA (6.464 * 24)
 0.4641 m

Exercise 3
F  pA  (gy sin  ) A
A rectangular gate (6m  4m) is  9810 * (3  3 cos 30) * (4 * 6)
hinged at A and supported by a  1,318,000 N

stopper as shown. Find the reaction y  3  3 / cos(30)  6.464m

at the hinge neglecting the weight of
the gate I 4 * 63 / 12
RA ycp  y  
yA (6.464 * 24)
 0.4641 m

M  0
6  6 R A  (3  0.4641) F
3  0.4641
3-0.4641
RA  F
6
F  (0.42265)1318 kN
R A  557.05 kN

3
 Exercise 4
Determine the hydrostatic force F on the triangular gate, which is
hinged at the bottom edge and held by the reaction RT at the upper
corner. Neglect the weight of the gate. Determine also RT

Solution:
6m
Magnitude:
Area = 0.5 x base x height
height =6/sin(60) = 6.928 m 6m
Area (A) = 0.5 x 6 x 6.928 =20.784 m2
6m
h = 6+(2/3)x6 = 10 m
F = 9810*10*20.784
=2038.910 KN =207.84 tf

Exercise 4
Determine the hydrostatic force F on the triangular gate, which is
hinged at the bottom edge and held by the reaction RT at the upper
corner. Neglect the weight of the gate. Determine also RT

Solution:
I
6m
CP location: y cp  y 
yA

y =h/sin(60)=10/sin(60)=11.54 m 6m
6.928m

6m

I=6x(6.928)3/36=55.42 m4
Ycp-y=55.42/(11.54x20.784)= 0.231 m

4
 Exercise 4
Determine the hydrostatic force F on the triangular gate, which is
hinged at the bottom edge and held by the reaction RT at the upper
corner. Neglect the weight of the gate. Determine also RT

Solution:
6m

x = 2.309-0.231 = 2.078m
6m
M  0
 6 RT / sin(60)  2038.91x 2.078
6m
RT  611.63KN

(1/3)x6=2m

60

Comprehensive Questions
Mark ( √ or x ) the
following
statements

1. For the shown rectangular gate A, as H increases:

(a) The hydrostatic force acting on the gate increases.

(b) The distance between the CP on the gate and the centroid decreases.

(c) The torque applied to the shaft to prevent the gate from turning must be

increased as H increases.

5
 Comprehensive Questions (Cont.)

Square Gate circular Gate

d d

Case a Case b
2. For the above two gates and for a given water depth H, mark
the following statements:
(a) The hydrostatic force acting on gate a < gate b.

(b) The hydrostatic force acting on gate a > gate b.

(c) The hydrostatic force acting on gate a = gate b.

(d) The torque applied to the shaft to prevent the gate from turning Ta >Tb