BUDGET OF WORKS FOR THE MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

Subject: SCIENCE
Grade: 7
Time Allotment: 50 min per day

QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES

COMPETENCIES (MELC)

I 1 Explain the steps in the scientific method.

Describe the components of a
1
scientific Investigation
2 Identify the variables in an investigation.
3 Differentiate the types of variables.
4 Design and conduct a simple investigation
Apply the steps of the scientific method
5
through experimentation.
Differentiate a compound from the elements
1 it is composed of.

2 Familiarize the layout of the periodic table.

Identify some information about the
2
3 elements that may be found in the periodic
table.
4 Identify the group number of an element.
Recognize that substances are Identify some elements and compounds
5
classified into elements and essential to life.
compounds Identify some elements and compounds
1
used in industries.
Name the elements and compounds that are
2
present in the food labels.
Compare and contrast food-grade and non-
3 3
food grade substances.
Give the properties of metals and non-
4
metals.
Differentiate organic and inorganic
5
compounds.
Distinguish mixtures from 1 Differentiate mixtures from substances.
substances on a set of Describe the characteristics of mixtures of
2
properties varying concentrations.
Classify mixtures into a homogeneous and
3
heterogeneous mixture.
4
4 Identify the types of mixtures.
Explain the different ways of separating the
5
components of a mixture.
Describe the temperature of a substance
1
during boiling.
5 2 Describe the temperature of a mixture
during boiling.

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Investigate the properties of an
unsaturated or saturated
solution
Express concentrations of
solutions quantitatively by
preparing different
concentrations of mixtures
according to uses and
availability of materials
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
II Identify the parts of the
microscope and its function
Focus specimens using a
compound microscope
Describe the different levels of
biological organization from
cell to biosphere
Differentiate between substances and
3 mixtures based on how temperature
changed during boiling.
Describe the appearance of substance and
4
mixtures during melting.
Differentiate between substances and
5 mixtures based on how they appear as they
melt.
Describe the observable characteristics or
6 1
properties of common solutions.
2 Classify solutions into solid, liquid, or
gaseous solutions.
3 Identify the solute and the solvent in each
type of solution.
4 Define solubility.
5 Differentiate saturated and unsaturated
solutions.
7 1 Describe the concentration of solutions
qualitatively and quantitatively.
2 Define dilute and concentrated solutions.
3 Differentiate percentage by mass from
percentage by volume.
4 Solve problems on the percentage by mass.
5 Solve problems on the percentage by
volume.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Use and handle the microscope properly.
2 Identify the parts of the microscope.
3 Describe what can each part of the
microscope do.
4
5 Explain the role of a microscope in a cell
study.
2 1 Prepare the materials for the microscope
study.
2 Focus the specimen using a microscope
properly.
3 Compare the image of the object seen by
the unaided eye and under the microscope.
4 Compute for the magnification of objects
observed under the microscope.
5 Differentiate types of microscope on their
ability to reveal the structure of the
specimen.
3 1 Identify the different levels of organization
in an organism.
2 Describe the parts that make up each level
of organization and other functions.

Differentiate plant and animal
cells according to the presence
or absence of certain
organelles
Explain why the cell is
considered the basic structural
and functional unit of all
organism
Differentiate asexual from
sexual reproduction in terms of
1. A number of individuals
involved
2. Similarities of offspring to
parents
Differentiate biotic from abiotic
components of an ecosystem
Predict the effect of changes in
biotic factors on the ecosystem
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
3 Describe how parts that make up a level of
an organization affect the higher levels of an
organization and the entire organism.
4 Differentiate organ systems, organs, tissues,
and cells from one another.
5 Explain how different biological structures
are organized to carry out certain functions.
4 1 Identify the parts of the cell.
2 Describe plant and animal cells.
3 Differentiate plant cells from an animal cell.
4 Describe the different organelles found in
plant and animal cells.
5 Day 5: Describe the functions of each
organelle in plant and animal cells.
5 1 Compare and Contrast asexual reproduction
and sexual reproduction.
2 Explain what vegetative reproduction is.
3 Describe the different types of asexual
reproduction.
4 Describe the process of fertilization.
5 Describe and differentiate the offspring that
result from asexual. reproduction and the
offspring that result from sexual
reproduction
6 1 Identify the components of the
environment.
2 Distinguish between the biotic and abiotic
components of an ecosystem.
3 Compare living and non-living things.
4 Describe the different ecological
relationships that exist in an ecosystem.
5 Describe how organisms interact with each
other and with their environment.
7 1 Describe the interdependence among the
components of the environment.
2 Explain how organisms interact with their
environment to survive.
3 Infer what happens to organisms if their
environment will not provide them with
their basic needs.
4 Describe how energy is transformed through
feeding relationships.
5 Explain the importance of one’s contribution
to the collective effort of protecting and
preserving an ecosystem.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
III Describe the motion of an
object in terms of distance or
displacement, speed or
velocity, and acceleration.
Create and interpret the visual
representation of the motion
of objects such as tape charts
and motion graphs.
Infer that waves carry energy
Describe the characteristics of
a sound using the concepts of
wavelength, velocity, and
amplitude
Explain the color and intensity
of light in terms of its wave
characteristics
Infer the conditions necessary
for heat transfer to occur
1 1 Define motion.
2 Describe the position of an object to a point
of reference and direction.
3 Describe the motion of an object in terms of
its distance.
4 Differentiate distance from displacement.
5 Describe the motion of an object in terms of
its speed.
2 1 Identify the types of speed.
2 Describe velocity.
3 Differentiate speed from velocity
4 Describe the acceleration of an object.
5 Explain why any change in the velocity of an
object results in acceleration.
3 1 Distinguish between the relationship of the
variables on a graph.
2 Describe how graphs are used to analyze the
motion of an accelerating object.
3 Explain the relationship between the slope
of the line on a position-time graph and
velocity
4 Explain the relationship between the slope
of the line on a velocity-time graph and
acceleration.
5 Draw a graph that shows the object is
accelerating, constant, and decelerating.
1 Describe the different types of waves.
4 2 Explain how waves carry energy from one
place to another.
3 Explain the anatomy of a wave.
4 Describe the characteristics of sound.
5 Identify the sound in terms of wavelength,
velocity, and amplitude.
1 Explain the varied chemical sources that
5 produced different light intensity.
2 Describe the visible light in terms of waves.
3 Describe the properties of light such as
intensity and colors.
4 Explore the characteristics of color light such
as energy, frequency, and wavelength
through the spectrum wheel.
5 Explain the importance of color in our daily
life.
1 Describe heat as thermal energy that is in
6 transit.
2 Explain that heat transfer takes place
between objects of different temperatures.
3 Describe the method of heat transfer by
conduction.
4 Describe the method of heat transfer by

Describe the different types of
charging processes
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
IV Demonstrate how places on
Earth may be located using a
coordinate system
Cite and explain ways of using
Earth’s resources sustainably
Discuss how energy from the
Sun interacts with the layers of
the atmosphere
Account for the occurrence of
land and sea breezes,
monsoons, and intertropical
convergence zone (ITCZ)
Using models, relate:
1 the tilt of the Earth to the
length of daytime
2 the length of daytime to the
amount of energy received
3 the position of the Earth in its
orbit to the height of the Sun in
the sky
4 the height of the Sun in the
convection.
5 Describe the method of heat transfer by
radiation.
7 1 Differentiate the two types of charges,
positive and negative.
2 Explain the “Law of Conservation of Charge”
and “Electrostatic Law.”
3 Describe the process of charging by friction.
4 Describe the process of charging by
induction.
5 Describe the process of charging by
conduction.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Explain the relationship between the
characteristics of an environment and its
location.
2 Describe the lines of latitude.
3 Describe the lines of longitude.
4 Differentiate equator and prime meridian.
5 Describe the location of a certain place using
latitude and longitude.
2 1 Describe the natural resources in the
Philippines.
2 Differentiate the two types of Earth’s natural
resources.
3 Describe how people destroy natural
resources.
4 Explain the importance of using the Earth’s
resources sustainably.
5 Present ideas/ways on what to do to
conserve and protect the Earth’s natural
resources.
3 1 Describe the features of each of the 5 layers
of the atmosphere.
2 Explain the main reason why temperature
decreases with altitude.
3 Compare land and sea breezes.
4 Explain the occurrence of the two types of
monsoons.
5 Describe the place where winds in the
tropics meet or converge.
4 1 Explain the tilting of the Earth on its axis.
2 Explain the Earth as it moves around the
Sun.
3 Describe the location of the Earth at
different times of the year.
4 Explain where do direct rays from the Sun
 sky to the amount of energy
received
5 the latitude of an area to the
amount of energy the area
receives
6 tilt of the Earth and the
seasons
Explain how solar and lunar
eclipses occur using models
Subject: SCIENCE
Grade: 8
Time Allotment: 50 min per day
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
Investigate the relationship
between the amount of
force applied and the mass
of the object to the amount
of change in the object’s
motion
I 5
Infer that when a body exerts a
force on another, an equal
amount of force is exerted
back on it
fall in every month.
5 Explain the effect when the Sun’s rays strike
the ground at a high angle and an oblique
angle.
5 1 Explain when the direct rays of the sun hit
the Northern Hemisphere.
2 Explain when the direct rays of the sun hit
the Southern Hemisphere.
3 Interpret data about sunrise and sunset to
tell when daytime is long and when daytime
is short;
4 Describe the effect of length of daytime and
nighttime on seasons
5 Summarize the reasons why seasons
changed
1 Explain how shadows are formed and how
6 shadows affect the surroundings.
2 Simulate the occurrence of the solar eclipse
in an activity.
3 Compare total and partial solar eclipse.
4 Explain the occurrence of a lunar eclipse in
the simulation of activity.
5 Explain the umbra and penumbra during the
lunar eclipse.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
Identify the forces acting on an object at
1 rest; Construct a free body diagram of forces
acting on an object.
Examine conditions when two forces are
2
balanced.
1
3 Demonstrate Newton’s Law of Inertia.
Expound how an unbalanced (net) force
4
affects the acceleration of a moving object.
Interpret Newton’s Laws of Motion (Law of
Inertia and Law of Acceleration).
Compare two interacting forces in terms of
1
magnitude and direction.
Identify the action-reaction force pairs for
2
any physical interaction.
2
State and explain Newton's third law of
3
motion.
4 Define potential and kinetic energy.

Identify and explain the
factors that affect potential
and kinetic energy
Investigates the effect of
temperature to the speed of
sound
Explain the hierarchy of
colors in relation to the
energy of visible light
Differentiate between heat
and temperature at the
molecular level
Infer the relationship
between current and
voltage
Explain the advantages and
disadvantages of series and
parallel connections in
homes
Explain the functions of
circuit breakers, fuses,
earthing, double insulation,
Recognize that energy can change from one
5
form into another.
1 Differentiate potential and kinetic energy.
Relate the speed and position of an object to
2
the amount of energy possessed by a body.
Calculate the kinetic energy of a moving
3 3
body.
4 Relate potential energy to work.
Calculate the change in potential energy of a
5
body.
Determine how temperature affects the
1
speed of sound.
2 Describe refraction.
Relate refraction to explain apparent
3
4 changes in the positions of things we see.
Illustrate the behavior of light as it travels
4
from one medium to another.
Compare the changes in the temperature of
water to determine the relationship
5
between the amount of heat transferred and
the resulting temperature change.
Describe an electric circuit and identify its
1
parts.
Examine the relationship between electric
2
current and voltage.
5 Distinguish the relationship between electric
3
current and resistance.
4 State and elaborate on Ohm’s Law.
Explain the similarities and differences
5
between series and parallel connections.
Construct a diagrammatic representation of
6
parallel and series circuit.
6
Compute the voltage, current, and
7
resistance in a series circuit.
8 Calculate the voltage, current, and
resistance in a parallel circuit.
9 Find out the voltage, current, and resistance
in a mixed circuit.
10 Construct a mini-circuit using readily
available materials at home and
demonstrate how it works.
7 1 Explain the heating effect of the current.
2
Infer and explain why household wiring and
appliances are usually connected in parallel.
3 Describe a fuse and a circuit breaker and
identify their functions in a circuit.
4 Recognize the purpose of earthing,
double insulation, and other safety
 and other safety devices in
the home
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
II Using models or
illustrations, explain how
movements along faults
generate earthquakes
Differentiate the :
1 epicenter of an earthquake
from its focus;
2 intensity of an earthquake
from its magnitude;
3 active and inactive faults
Explain how earthquake
waves provide information
about the interior of the
earth
Explain how typhoon
develops and how it is
affected by landmasses and
bodies of water
Trace the path of typhoons
that enter the Philippine
Area of Responsibility (PAR)
using a map and tracking
data
Compare and contrast
comets, meteors, and
devices at home.
5 Point out the cause and effect of the
short circuit.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Describe the appearance of a fault.
2 Explain how fault forms.
3 Explain how faults generate
earthquakes.
4 Explain the effect of bending rocks along
faults.
5 Relate fault movements and
earthquakes.
2 1 Differentiate between focus and
epicenter.
2 Demonstrate how movements along
faults affect the surroundings.
3 Compare and contrast the intensity of an
earthquake from its magnitude.
4 Categorize earthquakes according to
their intensity and magnitude.
5 Differentiate the active and inactive
faults
3 1 Distinguish and characterize the different
types of seismic waves.
2 Recognize that the earth is composed of
different layers according to
composition.
3 Deduce how seismic waves travel
through the layers of the earth.
4 Infer what happens to the waves as it
reaches a certain layer of the earth.
5 Explain how seismic waves gives
information as to the earth’s interior.
4 1 Describe a tropical cyclone.
2 Categorize tropical cyclones according to
their wind speed.
3 Explain why the Philippines is frequently
visited by strong typhoons.
5 4 Describe the PAR and explain what it
means when a tropical cyclone enters
the PAR.
5
Trace the path of a tropical cyclone.
6 1 Distinguish the difference between a
comet, an asteroid, and a meteor.
 asteroids
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
III Explain the properties of
solids, liquids, and gases
based on the particle nature
of matter;
Explain physical changes in
terms of the arrangement
and motion of atoms and
molecules;
2 Identify and characterize the parts of a
comet.
3 Differentiate a meteoroid, meteor and
meteorite.
4 Debunk superstitions about comets,
meteors, and asteroids.
5 Formulate doable actions to address
superstitions on comets, asteroids, and
meteors.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Describe what is a matter.
2 Distinguish common properties of
matter.
3 Differentiate characteristics of matter
from non-matter.
4 Demonstrate how a mass is measured.
5 Infer from observable events what
matter is made of.
2 1 Explain how these observable situations
give evidence that matter is made up of
tiny particles.
2 Infer from observations that particles of
matter move.
3 Represent through a drawing what is
between particles of matter.
4 Illustrate the particles of the three
naturally occurring states of matter.
5 Characterize the three naturally
occurring states of matter using the
particle model.
3 1 Describe what happens to water when it
is left in an open and closed container
after some time.
2 Represent through drawing what
happens to the particles of water when
left in an open and closed container.
3 Infer what happens to the particles of
water left in the open container.
4 Describe what happens to the water
when it is heated or cooled.
5 Illustrate what happens to the particles
of water when it is heated or cooled.
1 Represent through drawing/illustration
4 what happens to the particles of ice
when it turns into liquid.
2 Explain the process of melting of the ice

Determine the number of
protons, neutrons, and 5 subatomic components: proton,
electrons in a particular
atom;
6 2
Use the periodic table to 7 1
predict the chemical
behavior of an element.
8 1
using the particle model of matter.
3 Infer what happens to the particles of a
solid when it changes directly into a gas.
4 Illustrate the changes of solid and gas
using the Particle Model.
5 Outline/Synthesize the phase changes of
matter.
1 Describe an atom and characterize its
electron, neutron.
2 Compare the masses of the subatomic
particles and infer which contributes
mainly to the mass of the atom.
3 Locate the atomic number in a periodic
table.
4 Identify the subatomic particles
associated with mass numbers.
5 Determine the number of neutrons from
the mass number.
1 Describe an isotope and an ion.
Interpret shorthand notations for
isotopes and atoms.
3 Recognize that ions are formed from the
removal or addition of an electron.
4 Evaluate the overall electrical charge of
an atom.
5 Make an inventory of subatomic
particles of a given element.
Trace the development of the Periodic
Table of Elements.
2 Describe how Mendeleev arranged
elements in the first periodic table.
3 Describe how elements are arranged in
the modern periodic table.
4 Compare the relative reactivity of metals
in acid solution.
5 Find ways of preventing corrosion due to
the reactivity of metals.
Recognize other characteristic trends in
the Periodic table of elements.
2 Differentiate metal, metalloids, and non-
metals.
3 Compare metals, nonmetals, and
metalloids based on their properties and
their location in the periodic table.
4 Describe the difference between a
period and a group.
5 Assess social, environmental, and

QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
IV Explain ingestion,
absorption, assimilation, and
excretion
Compare mitosis and
meiosis, and their role in the
cell-division cycle
Explain the significance of
meiosis in maintaining the
chromosome number
Predict phenotypic
expressions of traits
following simple patterns of
inheritance
Explain the concept of a
species
Classify organisms using the
hierarchical taxonomic
system
Explain the advantage of
high biodiversity in
maintaining the stability of
an ecosystem
economic impacts of the use of common
elements or compounds.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Identify the organs that make up the
digestive system.
2 identify the function of each organ in the
digestive system.
3 Explain how enzymes affect digestion.
4 Describe the chemical changes in food as
it undergoes chemical digestion.
5 Infer how the organs of the digestive
system work together to carry out the
digestion of foods and assimilation of
nutrients.
2 1 Identify the different stages of mitosis in
plant and animal cells.
2 Differentiate plant and animal mitosis.
3 Identify the different stages of meiosis.
4 Describe how a diploid cell becomes a
haploid cell during meiosis.
5 Explain the significance of meiosis in
maintaining the chromosome number.
3 1 Identify the dominant trait and recessive
trait.
2 Describe a Homozygous trait and a
heterozygous trait.
3 Demonstrate Mendelian Genetics using a
punnet square.
4 Differentiate phenotype and genotype.
5 Solve for the phenotypic and genotypic
ratios for Mendelian Traits.
4 1 Describe the taxonomic classification of
the living system.
2 Recognize the need to have a system of
classifying and naming organisms.
3 Classify organisms based on their
characteristic traits.
4 Describe the hierarchical taxonomic
system.
5 Classify organisms based on their
characteristic traits.
5 1 Differentiate high from low biodiversity.
2 Give advantages of high over low
biodiversity.
3 Predict what will happen to ecosystems
with low biodiversity.
Describe the transfer of
energy through the trophic
levels
Analyze the roles of
organisms in the cycling of
materials
Explain how materials cycle
in an ecosystem
Suggest ways to minimize
human impact on the
environment
4 Analyze the transfer of energy from one
organism to another.
5 Construct a food chain in a given
ecosystem.
1 Determine the niche of organisms in an
6 ecosystem.
2 Appreciate the roles of decomposers in
the cycling of materials.
3 Determine which materials cycle in the
ecosystem.
4 Demonstrate understanding of the
biogeochemical cycle process.
5 Appreciate the roles of organisms in the
biogeochemical cycle.
7 1 Identify the human activities that have
altered Earth’s systems.
2 Explain the positive and negative effects
of the human activities on Earth’s
systems.
3 Enumerate some efforts of the
government to help the environment.
4 Explain ways to impede the negative
effects on Earth’s systems.
5 List strategies to reduce the
environmental impact of humans.
 Subject: SCIENCE
Grade: 9
Time Allotment: 50 min per day
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
Explain how the respiratory
and circulatory systems work
together to transport
nutrients, gases, and other
molecules to and from the
different parts of the body
Infer how one’s lifestyle can
affect the functioning of
respiratory and circulatory
I systems
Explain the different patterns
of non-Mendelian inheritance
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
Identify the key organs in the respiratory
1 system
2 Describe the function of each organ in the
1 respiratory system.
3
4 Identify the key organs in the Circulatory
system and its function
5
1 Explain the mechanism of how the
respiratory and circulatory systems work
2 together.
Identify respiratory and/or circulatory
3
2 disease/disorder and its risk factor
4
Discuss how one’s lifestyle can affect the
functioning of the respiratory & circulatory
5 systems.
Name factors that influence an individual's
1 traits and characteristics.
Explain how genetic information is organized
2 in genes or chromosomes.
3
Explain the incomplete dominance pattern
3
of inheritance
Solve the genetic problems related to
4
codominance.
Solve the genetic problems related to ABO
5
blood type.
Discuss how sex in humans is determined
1 and solve genetic problems related to sex
determination.
4 2 Solve the genetic problems related to sex-
3 linked traits.
4 Identify the components of a DNA molecule.
Describe the composition and structure of
5
the DNA.
5 1 Describe biodiversity.

Relate species extinction to
the failure of populations of
organisms to adapt to abrupt
changes in the environment
Differentiate basic features
and the importance of
photosynthesis and
respiration.
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
II
Explain how the Quantum
Mechanical Model of the
atom describes the energies
and positions of the electrons
Recognize different types of
compounds (ionic or
covalent) based on their
properties such as melting
point, hardness, polarity, and
electrical and thermal
conductivity;
Determine the pattern of population
2
distribution
Compare the distribution patterns of the
3
different populations.
Explain the importance of biological
4
diversity.
5 State the causes of extinction.
1 Identify cell structure and function involved
in the food-making process.
2 Identify the raw materials needed in
photosynthesis
3 Identify the cell structure and function of the
6
mitochondrion as the organelle involved in
respiration.
4 Explain the phases involved in
photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
5 Explain the role of ATP in life processes.
1 Describe how the materials and energy flow
in the ecosystem.
2 Describe the major events of glycolysis and
aerobic respiration.
3 Describe the major events of the Kreb's cycle
7
and anaerobic respiration.
4 Explain how the body balances the energy
taken in and with the energy used.
5 Analyze the importance of photosynthesis
on the quality and quantity of harvest.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 Describe the development of the atomic
models.
2 Relate the colors emitted by the metal salts
to the structure of the atom.
3 Explain how the quantum mechanical model
1 of the atom describes the energies and
positions of the electrons.
4 Determine the pattern of filling the orbitals
based on the given distribution.
5 Devise rules in filling up the orbitals.
2 1 Identify the number of valence electrons of
atoms.
2 Compare the periodic trends of metals and
nonmetals.
3 Cite the common properties of ionic
compounds.
4 Show the relationship between the number
of valence electrons, electronegativity, and
ionization energy.

Explain how ions are formed;
Explain how the structure of
the carbon atom affects the
type of bonds it forms;
Recognize the general classes
and uses of organic
compounds;
Use the mole concept to
express the mass of
substances; and
Determine the percentage
composition of a compound
given its chemical formula
and vice versa.
5 Visualize what will happen to a group of
metallic atoms.
3 1 Illustrate how ionic bond is formed.
2 Explain how covalent bonding takes place.
3 Illustrate the sharing of electrons.
4 Differentiate polar covalent from nonpolar
covalent.
5 Recall how metals behave to attain stability.
4 1 Describe how the carbon atoms affect the
2 types of bonds they form.
3 Recognize the uses of common organic
4 compounds.
5 Cite the properties of common organic
5 1 compounds.
2 Demonstrate properties of common organic
3 compounds
4 Relate the common properties to their uses.
5
6 Recognize common kinds of alkanes, alkenes
1 and alkynes, and their uses.
2 Identify the types of bonds formed in
alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
3 Name common examples of compounds as
alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.
4 Relate the structures of alkanes, alkenes,
and alkynes to their properties.
5 Investigate how a common organic
compound namely ethyne can ripen fruits
faster than the natural way.
7 1 Define mole and use a mole to determine
the mass of a substance.
2 Differentiate formula mass from the
molecular mass.
3 Calculate the mass and number of moles in a
given element.
4 Calculate the molar mass of the common
substances.
5 Describe the relationships among the
number of moles, mass, and number of
particles.
8 1 Convert the number of mass into the
number of moles and the number of atoms
of the given element.
2 Convert the number of moles into the
number of particles of common substances.
3 Determine the percentage composition of a
compound given its chemical formula and
vice versa.
4 Determine the empirical formula of a
5 compound in terms of percent composition
and vice versa.
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
III Describe the different types
of volcanoes and volcanic
eruption
Explain what happens when
volcanoes erupt
Illustrate how energy from
volcanoes may be tapped for
human use.
Explain how different factors
affect the climate of an area
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Characterize a volcano.
2 Define the vocabulary associated with
volcanoes.
3 Classify volcanoes as active or inactive.
4 Name active and inactive volcanoes in the
Philippines.
5 Give a characteristic of each type of volcano:
cinder cone, shield, and composite.
2 1 Explain how destructive and constructive
2 plate boundaries are involved in the volcano
making process.
3 Describe the effect of high temperature on
the formation of gas.
4 Describe the viscosity of some liquids
5 Determine the viscosity of some liquids.
3 1 Cite gases that dissolved in liquids in the
form of lava.
2 Describe the flow of gas in the different
liquids.
3 Describe the good and bad effects of a
volcanic eruption.
4 Relate the volcano's slope to its material
emissions.
5 State signs of an impending volcanic
eruption.
4 1 Define the term Geothermal Energy.
2 Explain how geothermal energy from
volcanoes can generate electricity.
3 Locate the Geothermal Power Plants in the
Philippines.
4 Create and design a diorama on Geothermal
5 Power Plants in the Philippines.
5 1 Explain the difference between climate and
weather
2 Explain the factors that determine climate.
3 Explain how some of these factors work
together to determine regional climates.
4 Identify the factors that affect the climate
5 Explain how latitude affects climate.
6 1 Explain how altitude affects climate
2 Explain how distance from the ocean affects
the climate.
3 Compare the effect of heat on water and
land;
4 Explain how topography affects climate.
5 Explain the cause and effect of global

Describe certain climatic
phenomena that occur on a
global level.
Show which constellations
may be observed at different
times of the year using
models
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
IV Describe the horizontal and
vertical motions of a
projectile
Investigate the relationship
between the angle of release
and the height and range of
the projectile
warming on climate.
7 1 Assess prior knowledge and experiences
about climate change.
2 Explain how greenhouse gases trap heat.
3 Interpret the relationship between carbon
dioxide and temperature.
4 Calculate your personal carbon emission.
5 Take action to lessen the effects of climate
change.
8 1 Define stars.
2 Cite the physical properties of stars;
3 Identify the stars according to size, color,
and brightness.
4 Explain how and why stars change in size,
color, and temperature.
5 Define constellation.
9 1 Group stars together in a recognizable
pattern.
2 Describe the apparent motion of the stars at
night.
3 Explain why some constellations are not
seen at certain months.
4 Cite uses of constellation during the early
years.
5 Design a zodiac constellation of your
birthdate using localized materials.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Describe the motion of an object given a
distance vs. time or a distance vs. time.
2 Solve problems on the uniformly accelerated
motion:
3 Describe the motion of an object in freely
falling bodies.
4 Calculate the height of the building from
vertical motion.
5 Solve problems on the uniformly accelerated
motion: vertical motion
2 1 Show the independence of horizontal and
2 vertical components of projectile motion.
3 Cite examples of projectile motion and solve
4 a variety of problems related to a projectile.
5 Describe projectiles launched horizontally
3 1 and solve a variety of problems related to a
projectile.
2 Describe projectiles launched at an angle
3 and solve a variety of problems related to a
projectile.
4 Investigate the relationships between the

Relate impulse and
momentum to collision of
objects (e.g., vehicular
collision)
Infer that the total
momentum before and after
collision is equal
Perform activities to
demonstrate the
conservation of mechanical
energy
Construct a model to
demonstrate that heat can do
work
Explain how heat transfer and
energy transformation make
heat engines work
Explain how electrical energy
is generated, transmitted, and
distributed
5 projection angle, the height, the range, and
the time of travel of a projectile.
4 1 Define momentum and identify the factors
that affect momentum.
2 Identify the factors that affect the force of
impact on moving objects and solve the
momentum of an object.
3 Explain how conservation of momentum
works
4 Solve diagram and word problems in the law
of conservation of momentum.
5 Classify a collision as perfectly elastic,
slightly inelastic, moderately inelastic, highly
inelastic, or perfectly inelastic.
5 1 Describe the different forms of energy and
give examples of energy transformations
from potential to kinetic.
2 Identify the energy forms present in the
operation of simple toys.
3 Identify the positions where kinetic energy
or potential energy is at maximum or
minimum.
4 Solve diagram and word problems in the
conservation of mechanical energy.
5 Infer that the kinetic energy of a bouncing
ball is not conserved.
6 1 Describe how heat is converted into work.
2 Demonstrate how heat causes the internal
energy of the water to increase.
3 Describe what is a heat pump.
4 Differentiate spontaneous and non-
spontaneous processes and cite examples of
spontaneous and non-spontaneous
processes.
5 Discuss how heat pumps (refrigerator and
air conditioner) work.
7 1 Illustrate the refrigeration and air
conditioning cooling cycle.
2 Apply the concepts of refrigeration and air
conditioning in their respective households.
3 Describe how does a heat engine work.
4 Discuss the four-cycle stroke of a gasoline
engine.
5 Explain the thermal efficiency of heat
engines.
8 1 Discuss how electrical energy is generated.
2 Discuss how electrical energy is transmitted.
3 Discuss how electrical energy is distributed.
4 Determine the region in which the power

Subject: SCIENCE
Grade: 10
Time Allotment: 50 min per day
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
I Describe and relate the
distribution of active
volcanoes, earthquake
epicenters, and major
mountain belts to Plate
Tectonic Theory.
plant belongs.
5 Trace the path of electricity from the
generating station, transmission station, and
residential areas.
9 1 Identify specific areas where step-up
transformers and step-down transformers
are utilized.
2 Describe how electric power is measured
and calculate the electrical energy usage
gasoline engine.
3 Build a model of a simple electric generator
and magnets.
4 Discuss how electricity is generated from the
interaction between coils.
5 Relate the motion of a simple electric
generator to the motion of an actual
generator being used in a real-life electric
power plant.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 Recognize the terms used in Plate Tectonics.
Determine the composition of Earth’s
2
lithosphere.
3 Differentiate the two types of crust.
1
Determine the major plates and the minor
4
plates.
Describe how faults are formed according to
5
the Elastic Rebound Theory.
Determine the components in finding the
1
epicenter of an earthquake.
Recognize the terms commonly related to
2
finding the epicenter of an earthquake.
Determine the use of recording stations in
2 3
finding the epicenter of an earthquake.
Compute the distance of the epicenter from
4
each of the stations using a formula.
Locate the epicenter of an earthquake using
5
the triangulation method.
3 Describe the distribution of earthquakes
1
epicenters to Plate Tectonic Theory.
Describe the distribution of active volcanoes
2
to Plate Tectonic Theory.
3 Describe the distribution of major mountain
belts to Plate Tectonic Theory.

Describe the different types of
plate boundaries
Explain the different processes
that occur along the plate
boundaries
Describe the possible causes of
plate movement
Enumerate the lines of
evidence that support plate
movement
Determine the scientific basis for dividing
4
the lithospheric plates.
Compare and contrast the distribution of
5 active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters and
major mountain belts.
1 Describe a divergent plate boundary.
2 Describe the convergent plate boundary.
3 Describe transform fault boundary
Differentiate the three types of plate
4 4
boundaries.
Determine some examples of the different
5 types of plate boundaries located in our
country.
Explain the processes that occur when the
1
continental plate and oceanic plate collide.
Determine the consequences of colliding
2
continental plate and oceanic plate.
Explain the processes that occur when two
5 3
oceanic plates collide.
Determine the consequences of two
4
colliding oceanic plates.
Explain the processes that occur if two
5
continental plates collide.
Determine the consequences of two
6 1
colliding continental plates.
2 Explain the processes that occur along
divergent boundaries.
3 Determine the results of plates that are
moving apart.
4 Differentiate the three types of plate
boundary.
5 Relate hot spot with plate tectonics
7 1 Determine the evolution of Pangaea in
Continental Drift Theory.
2 Describe the seafloor spreading process.
3 Realize the importance of the seafloor
spreading process relative to the Continental
Drift Theory.
4 Explain what causes the tectonic plates to
move.
5 Realize the importance of the creation of
convection current underneath the Earth.
8 1 Determine the fossils of plants and animals
as evidence found in the present continents
that will help solve the puzzle in the fitting of
the drifted continents.
2 Explain how fossils of plants and animals
were found in different continents.
3 Recognize the rock formations and coal
deposits as evidence of Continental Drift

QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
II Compare the relative
wavelengths of different forms
of electromagnetic waves
Cite examples of practical
applications of the different
regions of EM waves, such as
the use of radio waves in
telecommunications
Explain the effects of EM
radiation on living things and
the environment
Theory.
4 Determine the ages of rocks according to
their locations as evidence of the Seafloor
Spreading Theory.
5 Describe Magnetic Reversal.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Describe electromagnetic waves.
2 Relate wave speed, frequency, and
wavelength in electromagnetic waves
3 Determine the different types of
electromagnetic waves.
4 Describe the electromagnetic spectrum.
5 Identify materials that can block or allow
radio waves to pass through.
2 1 Compare the speed of EM waves through
different materials.
2 Compare the wavelengths, frequencies, and
energies of electromagnetic waves.
3 Recognize the wavebands of radio waves.
4 Produce radio waves.
5 Describe how radio waves are generated,
transmitted, and received.
3 1 Determine some examples of practical
applications of radio waves.
2 Determine some examples of practical
applications of microwaves.
3 Differentiate Satellite Communications and
Terrestrial Communications.
4 Explain the transmission and reception of
signals by cellular phone.
5 Determine some examples of practical
applications of infrared.
4 1 Appreciate the visible spectrum.
2 Determine some examples of practical
applications of ultraviolet radiation.
3 Determine some examples of practical
applications of x-rays.
4 Determine some examples of practical
applications of gamma rays.
5 Realize the importance of electromagnetic
waves
5 1 Determine the effects of radio waves and
microwaves.
2 Determine the effects of infrared and visible
light.
3 Determine the effects of ultraviolet and x-
ray.

Predict the qualitative
characteristics (orientation,
type, and magnification) of
images formed by plane and
curved mirrors and lenses
Identify ways in which the
properties of mirrors and
lenses determine their use in
optical instruments (e.g.,
cameras and binoculars)
Explain the operation of a
simple electric motor and
generator
QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES (MELC)
4 Determine the effects of gamma-ray.
5 Compare and contrast the effects of EM
radiation on living things and the
environment.
6 1 Explain reflection and its two types.
2 Determine the laws of reflection.
3 Describe the images formed by plane
mirrors.
4 Differentiate the two kinds of spherical
mirrors.
5 Recognize the important points in ray
diagramming and the four principal rays in
curved mirrors.
7 1 Construct ray diagrams to determine the
location, orientation, size, and type of
images formed by curved mirrors.
2 Summarize the characteristics and location
of the images formed by curved mirrors
using a table.
3 Recognize the important points in ray
diagramming and the three most useful rays
in lenses.
4 Construct ray diagrams for lenses to
determine the location, orientation, size,
and type of image formed.
5 Summarize the characteristics and location
of the images formed by lenses using a
table.
8 1 Determine how a camera works.
2 Determine how a periscope works.
3 Determine how a microscope works.
4 Determine how a telescope works.
5 Recognize the importance of mirrors and
lenses in our lives
9 1 Determine the various forms of the electrical
machine.
2 Explain how the interaction between a
magnetic field and a rotating coil can be
used to generate electricity.
3 Explain how the interaction between a
changing magnetic field and a coil can be
used to generate motion.
4 Describe the operation of various AC and DC
forms of generator and motor.
5 Recognize the use of electrical machines in a
variety of industrial and domestic
applications.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
III Explain the role of hormones
involved in the female and
male reproductive systems
Describe the feedback
mechanisms involved in
regulating processes in the
female reproductive system
(e.g., menstrual cycle)
Describe how the nervous
system coordinates and
regulates these feedback
mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
Explain how protein is made
using information from DNA
Explain how mutations may
cause changes in the structure
and function of a protein
Explain how fossil records,
comparative anatomy, and
genetic information provide
evidence for evolution
Explain the occurrence of
evolution
Explain how species diversity
1 1 Describe the parts of a male reproductive
system and its function.
2 Describe the parts of a female reproductive
system and its function.
3 Determine the role of hormones in female
reproductive systems.
4 Determine the role of hormones in male
reproductive systems.
5 Explain the importance of hormones in the
male and female reproductive systems.
2 1 Determine the important events during the
menstrual cycle.
2 Distinguish the functions of hormones
involved during menstruation.
3 Explain what happened to an egg if
fertilization occurs.
4 Describe the feedback mechanism in the
menstrual cycle.
5 Differentiate positive feedback and negative
feedback mechanisms.
3 1 Describe homeostasis.
2 Describe how feedback mechanism helps in
maintaining homeostasis.
3 Determine how the nervous and endocrine
systems achieve homeostasis.
4 Demonstrate an understanding of
homeostasis in an experiment.
5 Explain how homeostasis is achieved.
1 Determine the sequence of basis in the new
4 DNA strand through replication.
2 Infer why the structure of DNA enables it to
be easily copied through the transcription
process.
3 Simulate the steps in translation.
4 Distinguish the types of mutations.
5 Differentiate the kinds of chromosomal
mutations.
1 Determine the evidence from fossils of
5 organisms.
2 Distinguish homologous structure from an
analogous structure.
3 Explain the relevance of comparative
anatomy as evidence of evolution.
4 Compare the sequence of amino acids in the
cytochrome C of the different variables.
5 Infer about the evolutionary relationship of
the organisms from the differences in amino
acid sequence.
1 Explain the Theory of Need.
6 2 Explain the Theory of Use and Disuse.
3 Explain the Theory of Acquired
 increases the probability of
adaptation and survival of
organisms in changing
environments
Explain how species diversity
increases the probability of
adaptation and survival of
organisms in changing
environments
Explain the relationship
between population growth
and carrying capacity
QUARTER
IV Investigate the relationship
between:
1. volume and pressure at a
constant temperature of a
gas
2. volume and temperature
at a constant pressure of a
gas
3. explains these
relationships using the
kinetic molecular theory
Recognize the major categories
of biomolecules such as
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
and nucleic acids
Characteristics.
4 Explain the Theory of Natural Selection.
5 Compare and contrast the theories of
Lamarck and Darwin.
7 1 Describe the probability of adaptation and
survival of organisms.
2 Determine the effect of environmental
changes on the adaptation and survival of
species.
3 Classify the value of biodiversity.
4 Determine causes and issues related to
population growth.
5 Relate population growth to carrying
capacity.
WEEK DAY OBJECTIVES
1 1 Prove that gases have mass and volume.
2 Prove that gases have temperature and
pressure.
3 Investigate the relationship between volume
and pressure at a constant temperature.
4 Investigate the relationship between volume
and temperature at constant pressure.
5 Investigate the relationship between
temperature and pressure at constant
volume.
2 1 Apply Gay-Lussac’s Law in problem-solving.
2 Determine the relationship among
temperature, pressure, and volume of gases
at a constant number of moles.
3 Investigate the relationship between volume
and number of moles of gas present at a
given temperature and pressure.
4 Apply Avogadro’s Hypothesis in problem-
solving.
5 Show the relationship between volume,
temperature, pressure, and number of
moles.
3 1 Classify and define the four major categories
of biomolecules.
2 Describe the three types of carbohydrates.
3 Differentiate the three common
polysaccharides.
4 Explain the difference between simple and
complex carbohydrates.
5 Determine the different structural types of
lipids.
4 1 Describe some common fatty acids.
2 Differentiate between essentials and non-
essential amino acids.
3 Describe the different levels of protein
structures and their interdependence.

Apply the principles of
conservation of mass to
chemical reactions
Explain how the factors
affecting rates of chemical
reactions are applied in food
preservation and materials
production, control of fire,
pollution, and corrosion
4 Explain the biological importance of
nucleotides.
5 Recognize the importance of biomolecules
from the food we eat.
5 1 Describe the chemical reaction and chemical
change.
2 Distinguish evidence of chemical reactions.
3 Determine the theories of the production of
fire.
4 Distinguish between reactants and products.
5 Write a chemical equation.
1 Determine the six types of chemical
6 reactions.
2 Classify unbalanced chemical equations
according to the six types of chemical
reactions.
3 Perform an activity that illustrates the law of
conservation of mass.
4 Recognize that the number of atoms of each
element is conserved in a chemical reaction
as atoms in the reactants only rearrange
themselves to form the products.
5 Apply the concept of Law of the
Conservation of Mass in balancing chemical
equations.
7 1 Describe effective collision resulting in the
formation of products.
2 Determine the use of energy diagrams.
3 Describe the effect of the catalyst on the
activation energy.
4 Determine the effect of temperature on the
reaction rate.
5 Determine the effect of a catalyst on the
reaction rate.
8 1 Determine the effect of concentration on
reaction rate.
2 Explain using the collision theory the factors
affecting reaction such as the surface area of
reactants, temperature, catalyst, and
concentration.
3 Determine the effect of acid rain on
limestone/marble statues.
4 Determine the effect of factors affecting
rates in food preservation and materials
production, control of fire, pollution, and
corrosion.
5 Analyze the effect of chemical reactions on
life and the environment