Guidance and

Counseling
DR. SUSANA C. VELASCO, Lpt., RGC
Professor IV/ College of Education & Graduate School
Court –Annexed Officer/ Accredited Mediator, SUPREME COURT, Philippines
C
► A. Nature, Meaning and Scope of Guidance (now termed School Counseling)

►  

► B. Foundations of Guidance

► 1. Philosophy

► 2. Psychology

► 3. Biology

► 4. Anthropology

► 5. Sociology
Definition of Guidance
and Counseling
 Meaning of Counseling
► is a form of 'talk
therapy'. It is a
process where an
individual, couple or
family meet with a
trained professional
counsellor to talk about
issues and problems
that they are facing in
their lives.

► Professional
counselling is
confidential and
non-judgmental.
  
A. Nature, Meaning and
Scope of Guidance
Nature of Guidance
Meaning of Guidance
► refers to advice
or information
provided by a
person of
experience, to
solve a problem
or improve
something.

► refers to the
process of
helping
individuals to
discover and
develop their
potential.
Scope of Guidance
Foundations of
Guidance
Foundation of Guidance
 1. Philosophy of Guidance

► PHILOSOPHICAL BASES OF
GUIDANCE:
► Modern education aims at
the best development of
personality (Physical,
Intellectual, Emotional,
Social, Morally, Spiritually,
Educationally &vocational)
of the pupils. Guidance plays
an important role in achieving
this aim of education.
2. Psychology
► Psychology
of Guidance

► process of
helping
individuals to
discover and
develop their
potential.
3. Biology

► Biology of
Guidance

► Keywords:
counseling;
career
guidance;
educational
guidance;
occupation;
 4. Anthropology of Guidance
movement in the mid-1940s, the vocational guidance movement in the late
19th and early 20th centuries, and continued emphasis in vocational
counseling.

Anthropology is the scientific

► Psychology
and Anthropology course
curriculum contain
subjects such as Social ...
Counselling
and Guidance:
study of humanity, concerned
with human behavior, human
biology, cultures, societies and
linguistics, in both the present
and past, including past human
species.[1][2][3]

Social anthropology studies

► It enables each individual
to understand.
patterns of behaviour,
while cultural
anthropology[1][2][3] studies
cultural meaning, including
norms and values.
5. Sociology of Guidance
► Sociological Bases
of Guidance Modern
education has
two-fold functions. It
must help in
individual
development as well
as social progress.

► An individual can
only develop in the
right direction in
social environment.
Through
guidance, students
can solve various
social problems
► C. School Counseling in the Philippines

► 1. Definition of terms

► a.) Counseling

► b.) Psychotherapy

► 2. Role and Importance of Guidance in Education (School Counseling)

► 3. Professional Organizations in Counseling Profession in the Philippines

► 4. Laws Governing the Practice of Professional Counseling in the Philippines

► a.) RA 9258

► b.) RA 11036b
School Counseling in
the Philippines
Guidance Counselor in the Philippines
Guidance Counselor in the Philippines
* Group Counseling
School Counseling – Career Guidance
Dr. Susan Velasco’s Actual Consultation Process
@ BulSU Guidance & Counseling Services Center (GCSC)
Dr. Susan Velasco’s Actual Consultation Process @ BulSU Guidance &
Counseling Services Center (GCSC)
1. Definition of Terms
a) Counseling

Whats is counseling?

Counseling is a collaborative effort between the counselor and client.

Professional counselors help clients identify goals and potential solutions to
problems which cause emotional turmoil; seek to improve communication and coping
skills; strengthen self-esteem; and promote behavior change and optimal mental
health.
1. Definition of Terms
b) Psychotherapy
► is a general
term for treating
mental health
problems by
talking with a
psychiatrist,
psychologist or
other mental
health provider.
► During
psychotherapy,
you learn about
your condition and
your moods,
feelings, thoughts
and behaviors.
2. Role and Importance of Guidance in
Education (School Counseling)
3. Professional Organizations in Counseling
Profession in the Philippines
4. Laws Governing the Practice of Professional Counseling
in the Philippines
a.) RA 9258
4. Laws Governing the Practice of Professional
Counseling in the Philippines
b.) RA 11036b.)
► D. Career in School Counseling (The Guidance Personnel)
► 1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of various guidance
personnel
► a.) School Counselor (RGC)
► b.) School Counseling Supervisor
► c.) Counseling Educator
► d.) Guidance Director
► e.) Psychometrician
► f.) Researcher
► g.) Secretary
D. Career in School Counseling (The
Guidance Personnel)
 1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of
various guidance personnel
What are the roles and functions
of guidance personnel?
► Guidance counselors
are certified professionals
employed by schools or
academic institutions to
assist and advise students
about academic and
personal decisions. They
provide private counseling to
students, assess the ability and
potential in students, and
coordinate with fellow
professionals on student
matters.
a.) School Counselor (RGC)
Ex: Career Path, other related matters..
What are the roles and
function of counselor?

► The primary role of a

counselor is to assist
clients in reaching their
optimal level of
psychosocial
functioning through
resolving negative
patterns, prevention,
rehabilitation, and
improving quality of
life.
What is the role of guidance and Counselling in
schools?

► It is believed that
guidance and
counselling services in
school shall develop,
assess and improve
educational
programmes;

► Enhance teaching and

improve the
competence of the
teacher and reduce cost
for the children.
1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of various
guidance personnel
b.) School Counseling Supervisor
► What are your role as a Counselling
supervisor?
► Counselling supervisors have the
responsibility to provide ongoing
training in the context of related
supervised experiences to enable
supervisees to deliver effective and
ethical services.

► Supervisors operate in multiple roles

such as mentor, teacher, consultant
and advisor.13 Sep 2010
What is a supervising counselor?
Online Clinical Supervision
► Supervision is a formal
arrangement for
therapists to discuss
their work regularly
with someone who is
experienced in both
therapy and
supervision.
► The task is to work
together to ensure and
develop the efficacy of
the therapist/client
relationship.
What makes a good counseling
supervisor?
► In terms of professional
characteristics (roles and
skills), good supervisors
are knowledgeable and
competent counselors
and supervisors.

► They have extensive

training and wide
experience in
counseling, which have
helped them achieve a
broad perspective of the
field.
Why is it important for a Counselor to have
supervision?

► The supervision checks

out that the therapist
is coping well and
continuing to be
effective. Self care is
essential for any
counsellor and the
client's therapeutic
journey is always of
paramount importance.
The supervisory
meeting allows time for
true reflective practice
to occur.
 1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of
various guidance personnel
c.) Counseling Educator
Counselor Educator
means Counselors who are
responsible for
developing, implementing,
and supervising
educational programs and
are skilled as teachers and
practitioners.

Counselor Educators
conduct counselor education
and training programs in an
ethical manner and serve as
role models for professional
behavior.
 1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of
various guidance personnel
d.) Guidance Director
► He/she is the one who
is responsible to
manage or organize
every program in
guidance and
counseling, attend
every meeting and
conference, and
provide proper
counseling and
advices. Guidance
director will/shall
always be versatile
when it comes to
his/her responsibilities
in guidance and
counseling.
1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of
various guidance personnel
e.) Psychometrician
► A psychometrician has
the following
responsibilities;
• Identifies and selects tests.
• Sets the schedule of testing
services.
• Administers, corrects and
interprets test results.
• Provides counselors with
test results.
• Encodes and makes
summaries of test results.
• Prepares testing materials.
• Keeps test materials and
test results.
The roles, characteristics, and functions of various
guidance personnel
f.) Researcher
► Applying a variety of
research techniques to
gather relevant
information,
including document
analysis, surveys, case
studies and interviews;
Preparing and reporting
findings and
disseminating results,
both orally and in writing;
and. Offering research –
based briefings and
advice, which may involve
writing action plans
 Do school counselors conduct research?
► The counselor could
certainly conduct
action research in
efforts to inform his
or her own practice.
► However,
peer-reviewed,
scholarly publications
will not accept
traditional research for
publication without
Institutional Review
Board (IRB) approval,
which comes from
universities.
 1. The roles, characteristics, and functions of
various guidance personnel
g.) Secretary
► What does a guidance
secretary do?

► A guidance secretary
performs administrative
tasks in a middle school
or high school guidance
office.
► Social workers are
professionals who aim
to enhance overall
well-being and help
meet basic and complex
needs of communities
 Guidance Auxillary Personnel

► GUIDANCE
PERSONNEL (RO
LES AND
FUNCTIONS) This
part or chapter ...
researcher, guida
nce secretary and
some auxiliary
personnel
2. Auxiliary Personnel
a.) Counseling/Clinical Psychologist
 2. Auxiliary Personnel
b) Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a medical
doctor (an M.D. or D.O.) who
specializes in mental health,
including substance use
disorders. Psychiatrists are
qualified to assess both the
mental and physical aspects of
psychological problems. People
seek psychiatric help for many
reasons.
2. Auxiliary Personnel
c) Social Worker
► Social workers are
professionals who aim
to enhance overall
well-being and help
meet basic and complex
needs of communities

► the school social

workers provide auxilia
ry supportive service to
the educational mission
MIDTERM EXAMINATION
E. Guidance services, tools and techniques

► E. Guidance services, tools and techniques

► 1. The Guidance Services

✔ Meaning and description

✔ Scope
✔ Services

► 2. Methods and Techniques

Guidance services, tools and techniques

► The following are the main tools and techniques which

are employed in guidance services:
• Observation Technique: The observation technique is not
frequently used in guidance and counselling. ...
• Interview Technique: ADVERTISEMENTS: ...
• The Cumulative Record: ...
• Adjustment Inventory or Schedule: ...
• The Case Study:
 Observation Technique in Guidance
► Observational
techniques are
useful in the study
of students and
individuals but their
usefulness
depends upon the
manner and
purpose with which
they are conducted.

► The purpose of this

technique is
to study the
nature of social
relationship of
individual within a
group.
► Observation The basic
guidance technique
wherein the behaviour
and personality of an
individual are
measured in terms of
what he SAYS and
DOES. This is a way of
gathering data by
watching behaviour,
events, or noting
physical characteristics
in their natural setting.
 Interview Technique in Guidance
► What are the interviewing
techniques?
► During An Interview
• Introduce yourself in a
courteous manner.
• Have a firm handshake.
• Act professionally: Dress
appropriately! ...
• Keep your answers brief and
concise.
• Ask questions.
• Maintain a conversational flow.
• Smile, nod, give nonverbal
feedback to the interviewer.
• Be enthusiastic: have a
positive attitude.
 What is interview technique in
Counselling?
► An interview is
essentially a
structured
conversation
where one
participant asks
questions and
the other
provides
answers.

► Therapists use
interview
techniques both
to collect useful
data and to help
build and
maintain
client-therapist
 The Cumulative Record in Guidance
► Cumulative record
is defined as “a
permanent record
of a student
which is kept
up-to-date by
school, it is his
educational history
with information
about his school
achievement,
attendance, health,
test scores and
similar pertinent
data.”
► As per Guidance
Handbook for Secondary
School – “Cumulative
Record Card is a method
for recording, filling and
using information essential
to the guidance of
students.”

► As per Jones – A
cumulative record is a
permanent record of a
student which is kept up
to date by the school
Adjustment Inventory or Schedule in
Guidance
► Adjustment
Inventory or
Schedule
► What is adjustment
in guidance and
counseling?
► Abstract. School
adjustment is the
process of copying
in a new school
environment in
order to attain the
individual and
school's set goals
and aspirations.
 The Case Study in Counseling

► A counseling case study

is basically a
simulation of your
future work as a
counselor.
► You have got a case
about a person who has
some psychological or
mental challenges.
► When writing case
studies on
psychotherapy, you
need to be very on
point.
 The Guidance Services
Meaning and description
► Guidance Services-
include only all
systematic and
organized procedures
and facilitates the
same end.
► May be defined as a
group of services to
individuals to assist
them in securing
knowledge and skills
needed in making
plans and devices, and
in interpreting life.
 Guidance Services
► Guidance Services · 1. Individual
Inventory · 2. Information · 3.
Counseling · 4. Assessment and
Appraisal · 5. Referral · 6. Follow-up
· 7. Research and Extension
Services
► What are the purposes of guidance
services?
► The major aim of Guidance
Counseling Services is to
encourage students' academic,
social, emotional and personal
development. To reach this aim,
guidance counseling services help
students get to know themselves
better and find effective solutions to
their daily problems.
 The Guidance Services
Scope
► What is the scope
of guidance
services?
► Scope of School
Guidance Service:

The scope of school

guidance service
encompasses its
objectives, facilities
and opportunities
provided to students
and the extent of
activities as far as a
school can organize.
 Scope of Guidance Services rendered
to an individual
What can counseling provide
to an individual?

Individual counseling
is counseling focused on
the individual's immediate
or near future concerns.

Individual counseling may

encompass career
counseling and planning,
grief after a loved one dies
or dealing with problems at a
job before they become big.
Scope of Guidance Services rendered
to staff members
What are the services of school guidance office and
its scope of school guidance services?

► The Guidance Office extends

basic guidance services
like orientation, counseling,
testing, information
dissemination (academic,
vocational,personal and
social), career guidance,
placement and referrals.

► It also provides modules for

adviser's use during homeroom
classes.
 Scope of Guidance Services rendered
pertaining to evaluation of service

► Scope of School Guidance

Service:

The scope of school

guidance service
encompasses its
objectives, facilities and
opportunities provided to
students and the extent
of activities as far as a
school can organize.
 Methods and Techniques in Guidance
► The following are the main tools
and techniques which are
employed in guidance services:
• Observation Technique: The
observation technique is not
frequently used in guidance and
counselling. ...
• Interview Technique:
ADVERTISEMENTS: ...
• The Cumulative Record: ...
• Adjustment Inventory or
Schedule: ...
• The Case Study:
Strategies used in Counseling:
Prescriptive
Informative
Confronting
CATHARTIC
Catalytic
Supportive
 J. Factors that Influence the Counseling Process
► These include the larger
social and cultural
context,
including socio-econom
ic conditions, cultural
and social norms,
gender roles, and
household
decision-making
processes.

► These diverse factors

will impact upon your
counselling session;
therefore a deeper
understanding of their
K. The Basic Process of Counseling
► The Stages of the Counseling
Process
1. Stage one: (Initial disclosure)
Relationship building. ...
2. Stage two: (In-depth exploration)
Problem assessment. ...
3. Stage three: (Commitment to
action) Goal setting. ...
4. Stage four: Counseling
intervention. ...
5. Stage five: Evaluation,
termination, or referral. ...
6. Key steps for the client.
L. The Roles of the Teacher as an Agent in
Counseling
M. Facilitating Skills in Counseling
Attending Skills/Influencing Skills

► Counsellors use
counselling skills to help
them better understand
and listen to clients.
► Through active listening,
rapport is built, trust
forms and the speaker
feels heard and
understood by the
counsellor or listener.
N. Ethical Considerations in Counseling

There are five (5)

ethical principles
considered
relevant to
counselling:
•Respect for
Autonomy.
•Non-maleficence.
•Beneficence.
•Justice.
•Fidelity.
O. Mental Health in the New Normal
► Have a routine,
minimize news
feeds and screen
time, do simple
daily physical
exercises.
► Keep in regular
routines, schedules
& contact with
loved ones via
technology.
 P. Career Guidance
► Career guidance can be
defined as
a comprehensive,
developmental program
designed to assist
individuals in making
and implementing
informed educational
and occupational
choices.
► In simple words, it is a
journey on which people
develop to make mature
and informed decisions.
Our Executive Vice President (1st Left), DR.
TEODY C. SAN ANDRES with us during my Office – Guidance and
Counseling Service Center (GCSC) Seminar given to students on
HIV & Respect for the Unfolding Seminar, Feb 4, 2019.
My Guidance Staff, RGCs and Psychometricians at our
Guidance and Counseling Services Center (GCSC) together
with LHS Principal, Doc Ohmy Musca, and Ma’am Ellen
Acuna, Feb. 4, 2019.
Office of the Guidance Counselor (DNHS) | Facebook
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► https://thekeep.eiu.edu › cgi › viewcontent
GOD BLESS ON YOUR MIDTERM EXAM
EVERYONE!

The LORD bless us

all!

Namaste!
For the success of everyone this
Semester

#toGODbethehighestglory!