Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The latest round in an ongoing debate over global-warming trends claims that warming has indeed
slowed down this century. An obvious slowing in the rise of global temperatures was recorded at the
beginning of the twenty-first century. This was referred to as a "hiatus" or a "pause". This hiatus was
first observed several years ago. Climate-change skeptics have used this as evidence that global
warming has stopped permanently. But in June the previous year, a study in science claimed that the
hiatus was just an artifact which disappears when biases in temperature data are corrected.
Now a prominent group of researchers is countering that claim. They argue in Nature Climate Change
that even after correcting these biases the slowdown was real. "There is this mismatch between what
the climate models are producing and what the observations are showing," says lead author John Fyfe.
"We can't ignore it." Fyfe uses the term "slowdown" rather than "hiatus". He also stresses that it does
not in any way weaken global-warming theory.
The study that questioned the existence of the slowdown corrected known biases in the surface
temperature record maintained by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The finding showed differences in temperature readings from ships and buoys. This effectively
increased the record about warming. The researchers also extended the record to include 2014. This
set a new record high for average temperatures.
Thomas Karl, director of National Centers for Environmental Information in Asheville, calculated the
rate of global warming between 1950 and 1999 as being 0.113°C per decade. This was similar to the
0.116°C a decade calculated for 2000-14. This, Karl said, meant that an assessment done by the
influential Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing that warming had slowed was
no longer valid.
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Pilihan jawaban (C) merupakan opsi yang tepat karena pada paragraf ke-4 “This, Karl said, meant that
an assessment done by the influential Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in 2013 showing
that warming had slowed was no longer valid.” dikatakan bahwa perhitungan yang dilakukan oleh
Panel Antarpemerintah pada Perubahan Iklim menunjukkan bahwa pemanasan telah melambat tidak
lagi berlaku, yang mana artinya bahwa pemanasan global merupakan isu yang tidak benar.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Ringkasan yang tepat dari teks di atas adalah pilihan jawaban (E) Indonesia’s coffee growing and
Indonesia’s coffee industry needs growth capital yang bermakna “Perkembangan kopi Indonesia dan
industri kopi Indonesia perlu pertumbuhan modal” karena kalimat ini mewakili isi dari teks di atas
sebagaimana yang tercantum di kalimat utama paragraf pertama “Indonesia is the world’s third-
largest coffee producer and exporter, after Brazil and Vietnam. National coffee output has grown over
the past decades, albeit not in a linear fashion as harvests fluctuate strongly from one year to another
depending on the weather. With per-capita coffee consumption on the rise both in Indonesia and the
wider region, there is obvious room for further growth, but there is also an obvious need for
investment.”
Jawaban: C
Pemabahsan:
Dari paragraf ke-3 bisa disimpulkan bahwa ekspor kopi Indonesia telah meningkat dari tahun
2000/2001 sampai tahun 2012/2013. Ini ada pada awal kalimat paragraf ke-3 tersebut. Maka pilihan
jawaban (C) Indonesian coffee exports increased from 2000/2001 to 2012/2013 merupakan opsi yang
tepat.
Which of the following best restates the sentence “Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been
an important topic in education. On the one hand, studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching
and learning outcomes.” in paragraph 1?
A. ICT usage has been a vital topic in education and studies indicate that ICT can develop teaching
and learning upshot.
B. Studies have shown that ICT can enrich teaching and learning end result
C. The use of ICT has been an insignificant topic in education. Also, studies have shown that ICT
can enhance teaching and learning outcomes.
D. Over the last two decades, the use of ICT has been an important topic in educational method.
E. Over the preceding two decades, studies have exposed that ICT can increase teaching and
learning outcomes.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Dalam pernyataan “Selama dua dekade terakhir, penggunaan ICT telah menjadi topik penting dalam
pendidikan. Di satu sisi, penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa TIK dapat meningkatkan hasil
pengajaran dan pembelajaran.” dapat dinyatakan kembali oleh opsi (A) ICT usage has been a vital
topic in education and studies indicate that ICT can develop teaching and learning upshot.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Pertanyaan soal ini intinya menanyakan topik paragraf ke-1. Paragraf ke-1 topiknya membahas
penggunaan TIK telah menunjukkan bahwa TIK dapat meningkatkan hasil pengajaran dan
pembelajaran “On the one hand, studies have shown that ICT can enhance teaching and learning
outcomes.” itu artinya adanya pengembangan pendidikan dengan menggunakan TIK. Maka pilihan
jawaban (B) the development of education by using ICT merupakan opsi yang tepat.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Tujuan penulis dalam menulis teks di atas adalah untuk menginformasikan faktor kantuk setelah
makan.
1. Sleepiness after eating is a response of the body to chemical changes during the digestion
process.
2. Moreover, food also influences melatonin production in the brain. This is the hormone that is
responsible for sleepiness post-meal.
3. Overeating can also cause sleepiness.
4. Bad sleeping patterns can also cause sleepiness after eating. After a meal, the body feels full
and relaxed, making the body feel like it is resting, resulting in a feeling of sleepiness,
particularly if you didn’t get a good night’s sleep the night before.
Maka pilihan jawaban (B) To inform the readers about the factors of sleepiness after eating merupakan
opsi yang tepat.
9. Author-related Questions
By writing the sentences in paragraph 2, the author intends to tell the readers about….
A. foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, eggs, fish, tofu, cheese and soybeans can generate
more drowsiness
B. overeating protein and carbohydrate-rich foods obstructs your brain’s ability to function well
C. the reason why carbohydrate-rich foods make you feel sleepy
D. food combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and carbohydrates make you feel
drowsy
E. the hormone melatonin production in the brain is responsible for sleepiness after eating
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Paragraf ke-2 penulis intinya bermaksud untuk memberitahu pembaca bahwa kombinasi makanan
yang mengandung asam amino triptofan (protein) dan karbohidrat membuat Anda merasa
mengantuk (Additionally, foods containing carbohydrates also help produce serotonin and tryptophan
amino acids found in the brain. This is the reason why you feel sleepy after eating carbohydrate-rich
foods.). Maka pilihan jawaban (D) food combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and
carbohydrates make you feel drowsy merupakan opsi yang tepat.
Pembahasan:
Dari kalimat “This is the reason why you feel sleepy after eating carbohydrate-rich foods.” dapat
diprediksikan bahwa semakin sedikit Anda mengonsumsi makanan yang kaya karbohidrat, maka rasa
kantuk akan berkurang. Maka pilihan jawaban (C) the less you eat carbohydrate-rich foods, the less
you will feel drowsy merupakan opsi yang tepat.
“I would rather have graduated from the University of New York last year.” The sentence means that
I ______ from the University of New York last year.
A. wouldn’t graduate
B. won’t graduate
C. don’t graduate
D. didn’t graduate
E. haven’t graduated
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Penggunaan ‘would rather’ untuk pengandaian yang tidak terjadi di masa lampau. Disebutkan, “I
would rather have graduated from the University of New York last year.” Itu berarti, penulis tidak lulus
tahun lalu. Kalimat yang tepat digunakan adalah ‘didn’t graduate’.
Which of the following statements is the most suitable concluding sentence of the paragraph?
A. In short, the technology in undersea exploration should be improved.
B. Therefore, divers should avoid undersea pressure to be able to communicate.
C. In fact, deep-diving submarines are the best means for oceanographers to conduct
undersea exploration.
D. To conclude, the radios divers use to communicate that makes undersea exploration
successful.
E. Thus, successful communication in the exploration of the ocean greatly depends on
the divers and vehicles.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Bacaan di atas membahas bagaimana peran perkembangan teknologi kendaraan bawah laut
berawak maupun tidak berawak mengatasi keterbatasan penyelam dan peralatan menyelam.
Kesimpulan yang bisa diambil sesuai bacaan tersebut adalah karena adanya komunikasi yang
lancar selama eksplorasi.
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Kalimat ke-5, “Program perawatan anak memberikan kesempatan penting untuk mendukung
perkembangan anak”. Kalimat ini tidak berkaitan dengan konteks bacaan yang berbicara mengenai
proses perkembangan anak.
“Had there been good teaching facilities in the school, every teacher would have been able to teach
their students effectively.” From the sentence above, we can conclude that________.
Jawaban: E
Pembahasan:
Kalimat di atas adalah ungkapan pengandaian yang tidak terjadi atau biasa disebut kalimat
bersyarat. “Jika ada fasilitas yang baik dalam pengajaran di sekolah, maka setiap guru dapat
mengajar secara efektif.” Kesimpulan yang bisa diambil adalah kondisi yang bertolak belakang dari
pengandaian tersebut, tepatnya tidak ada fasilitas pengajaran yang baik di sekolah.
15. Modals
Cassano: Business people complain that there is a sharp increase in Chinese product flooding the
Indonesian market.
Cha Young: It _______ due to the last year’s trade agreement between Indonesia and China.
A. must be
B. has to be
C. would be
D. should be
E. would rather be
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Penggunaan ‘must be’ berarti pasti atau harus. Kalimat dalam soal memiliki maksud “Pasti karena
perjanjian antara Indonesia dan China.” Jadi, kata yang sesuai adalah ‘must be’.