Chapter Objectives

✓ Determine stresses developed in thin-walled pressure

vessels
✓ Determine stresses developed in a member’s cross
section when axial load, torsion, bending and shear
occur simultaneously.

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THIN-WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS

Assumptions:
1. Inner-radius-to-wall-thickness ratio ≥ 10
2. Stress distribution in thin wall is uniform or constant

• Cylindrical vessels:

pr
Hoop direction :  1 =
t
pr
Longitudinal stress :  2 =
2t
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THIN-WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS (cont)

• Spherical vessels:

pr
2 =
2t
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REVIEW OF STRESS ANALYSES

• Normal force P leads to:

P
uniform normal stress,  =
A

• Shear force V leads to:

VQ
shear − stress distribution,  =
It
• Bending moment M leads to:
My
longitudinal stress distribution,  = − (for straight beam)
I
My
or  = (for curved beam)
Ae(R − y )

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REVIEW OF STRESS ANALYSES (cont)

• Torsional moment T leads to:

T
shear − stress distribution,  = (for circular shaft)
J
T
= (for closed thin - walled tube)
(2 Amt )
• Resultant stresses by superposition:
Once the normal and shear stress components for each
loading have been calculated, use the principal of
superposition to determine the resultant normal and shear
stress components.

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Superposition of Individual Loads

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