lecture 7 .

Castiglione 's theorem .

. In last lecture, we have used virtual displacement

to generate virutal week and virtue strci
energy .

Alternatively , we can
apply virtual force to generate
virtual work .

For
example
•

iii.
:

U
U, Ur U, 4 - -
.

The virtue fore JP ,

- - .
8Pa - -
. will cause

virtual work .

8W = JP, -
U, + 8Pa -
Ur +
Jps -
U, + 81766
+ - -
.
✓

note : .

virtual force will not drape 2h '

.

. The virtual force will chge stress in the

body ,
and thus the strain energy .
-

Virtual strain energy ?

strain energy UCP , ,

Pc ,
- -
-

pm )

ou =

0¥ .

op ,
+
0¥ op .
+ - -
-
-

•
Call the virtual work principle
8W = JU

" +
ko ¥0B woe .

-5¥ sp ,
+8¥ on +
8¥ op ,
+ - - -

8¥81 ,

:
Jp , ,
OR - - -

Jpn ,
are
independent , can be
ay uche .

so we should have the coefficient equal to each

other .
 0¥ U

}
=
.

This 6 the Castiglioni

¥
,
=
Ur
,
theorem .

0¥ .
-
-
un

know the strain

.
If you energy as a
function of tones .

the displacement at a
point where a
force applies is
the derivative of the strain energy to the force .

. Now let us use two examples to demo how it works .

Example ① : cantilever bean , find the man deflects
.

#→¥¥y up the coordinate

I set -

es shown in left .

•
We need strain energy Ucp)

•
For a bean under
bending U=¥±fÑI✗
-

•
We need to know Max ]

Let us use method of section .

FBD . free body diagram

sign convention .

I P
+ ¥?

Hi IFy=O -

p + Q =
0 a =p

M= -
Qx
+
P -2 ME 0 M + Q ✗ =o
= -
Px .
 strain
energy U= ¥-55 nidx
=

Sic pxidx
-

According to the Castiglione 's theorem .

ycx=o]
=

°¥=¥i¥[fi←p×5d× ]
"

Yura =
¥,8p-[ Sip'ñdx ]
'
¥ So 8-pc.pt/ydx
=

¥1 So
-
-
=
zpx Ix

1¥ cans]

Fxopk ② .
same
system ,
but question is the deflects
at the middle point =
?

;Q=0 In order to use Castiglia 's

}×¥_¥¥ theorem
e fore ②
,

✗
we

=
have to hone

the
 Do we have ttrtre ? No !

⑦ We
apply a
phantom force 6--0 at the vid .

point .

Again ,
we need to calalcte strain energy .

'
U=¥→ f. nidx

We need MCH = ?

We need to use method of section again .

We need to cut two sections .

O- X -
4-

FBD
⇐ ✗ < L

Mp,µ=¥!
o - ✗< 4-

as previous excple Mich = -

Px
Il
Qi . .

F÷-E* ! ⇐ ✗ a

- Q -

P -1
On =
o
Q -

÷ +1^-2 Fy
Qi=Q- p
1-
PINO --o Mix Qix -

Qc =o

Me = -
Qcx -

%) -

px
,

strain energy

u=¥_ So"Ñid×+ Syinidx

yc×=¥)= 8¥ Qcpphied at ✗ =
42

8-afi-nidx-fimid.IS/zET--o-z-E- fI8-aCn5dx
=

¥fim%¥d✗
→
0hr
☒
= -
Cx -

44

substitute it intlnintegral .
we have
 [ Ipx }
+1T¥
'

ycx =÷ ) = -

I ✗ -
E
'

¥131
+
>

gebra
4-

left ,
no more cabals .

6=0

¥ { 3- px ¥ if I
'
ycx=¥) = -

¥s÷ CAND .
?⃝