Angola Desk Survey

Background Report
Law and Regulation for the Reduction of Risk from Natural Disasters
in Angola
A National Law Desk Survey
October 2012
Acknowledgements
This background report was prepared by C. Alexandra Severino with support from Mary Picard, on behalf of the Disaster Law programme, International
Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), P.O. Box 372, Geneva 19, Switzerland, Tel: +41 22 730 4222, email disaster.law@ifrc.org.
This report is part of the research for a global project on Law & Disaster Risk Reduction being undertaken by the IFRC and the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP). It may not be reproduced without permission.
© International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, 2012.
1
Law and Regulation for the Reduction of Risk from Natural Disasters in Angola: a Desk Survey
Executive Summary
The legislative and institutional framework regarding Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is diverse and is approached by several legal documents.
In fact, there is no standalone legal document for Disaster Management (DM). DRR is mainly addressed by a National Plan of Preparation, Contingency,
Response and Recovering from Calamities and Natural Disasters (NPPCRRCND). Some indirect references and broad allusions to DRR can be found in other
legal documents (Laws, Decrees, and Regulations).
This paper analyzes these legal documents but does not include a study of their effective implementation or application in practice.
If, on one hand, one can say that the NPPCRRCND clearly addresses and sets out the main guidelines for DRR, on the other hand one can also demonstrate
that the other legal documents only mention DRR in very broad and indirect terms. This situation presents, therefore, wide lacunae in legislation concerning
DRR.
In fact, there are no examples of specific laws on concrete natural disasters, such as floods or drought, and the General Law on Water only touches in the
subject en passant.
As for storms, for instance, there is no example of legislative documents on the subject.
The legal and institutional framework in regards to matters that regulate daily life land, telecommunications, urban planning, and construction rules also
presents lacunae, and the vast majority of these does not tackle DRR.
The participation of the communities, the education of the population and responsible entities and the inclusion of DRR in the school curricula is very poorly
addressed.
2
In conclusion, it is clear that the Government acknowledges the need to tackle DRR as contributing for the development of the Country, by reducing the
vulnerability and the impact of natural disasters, by establishing the NPPCRRCND. However, it is not clear that this goal is translated into the available
legislation.
Summary of the main conclusions of this report:
 Government acknowledges and addresses DRR creating the NPPCRRCND
 Legislation does not make explicit the fact that DRR is a priority for the Government according to the NPPCRRCND
 Wide range of lacunae concerning DRR in the legislation, in general
 Laws that regulate daily life matters (water supply, construction, telecommunications, urban planning) only address DRR very broadly
 Inexistence of a DM specialized institution
 Participation of the communities and education in DRR very poorly regulated
 Lack of legislation on specific natural disasters (floods, drought, insect infestations, etc...)
 Lack of available legislation online, in general
3
This paper and the copies of the legislation are part of a desk-survey on Law and Regulation for the Reduction of Risk from Natural Disasters in Angola.
Hopefully, it will serve as useful, non-exhaustive1guide to late researchers for DRR and DM related issues in Angola.
1
Considering that the research only covered sources available online.
4
List of Abbreviations
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

DM Disaster Management
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EWS Early Warning Systems
NSCP National Service of Civil Protection
NCCP National Commission of Civil Protection
PONTP Principal Options of National Territory’s Planning
PPTP Provincial Plans of Territory’s Planning
NDWSS National Direction of Water Supply and Sanitation
NDWR National Direction of Water Resources
NPPCRRCND National Plan of Preparation, Contingency, Response and Recovering from Calamities and Natural Disasters
5
1) Introduction
This study aims to provide an outline, identification and an analysis of the most relevant laws and regulations for the reduction of risk in natural disaster
scenarios in Angola.
Disaster risk reduction (DDR) is the reducing of risks to disasters through systematic efforts to analyse and mitigate the casual factors of disasters.
Legislation plays an important role in reducing the vulnerability of people and property by contributing to strengthen the institutional basis for DRR.
The legal and institutional framework in regard to DRR offers a large range of matters that go beyond preparation and response to natural disaster
situations. In fact, matters such as safety codes and rules for building, land property, water supply, environmental preoccupations and telecommunications
have implications in DDR. For this reason, it is extremely important that laws dealing with these issues incorporate disaster preparedness and response
concerns.
This study aims to answer the following set questions, organized around the top priorities presented by the Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005-2015:
 Ensuring that DRR is a priority both at national and local level, with a strong institutional basis for implementation, including through “policy,
legislative and institutional frameworks”
 Identifying, assessing and monitoring disaster risks and enhance early warning
 Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels.
 Reduce the underlying risk factors
 Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.
This desk survey attempts to answer the questions mentioned above by using online sources only.
6
Angola does not have a standalone legal document on disaster risk reduction, and there are references to DRR elements in other legal documents that are
mentioned and analyzed throughout the report. This study is focused on the analysis of the legal documents (laws, legislative decrees, executive decrees,
presidential decrees, regulations, decisions) available online.
7
2) Summary of Main Natural Hazards2
Angola is located in the western region of Austral Africa and has a surface of 1.246.700 km2. The extension of the country’s coast line is 1.650 km. About
65% of the territory is located within an altitude ranging from 1000 to 1600 meters. The country presents a peculiar geographic localization: it is situated
both in the inter-tropical and sub –tropical zones of the Southern Hemisphere. The annual temperatures range from 17 to 27 degrees Celsius.
The armed conflict, which has lasted 30 years, caused several human and material losses and deeply affected the social-economic situation. It has also
called the attention of the Government for the need to secure populations and infra-structures in the context of natural disasters, which became a major
priority.
In terms of natural disasters, the country is (regularly) affected by wildfires, storms, floods, landslides, ravines and drought. Less frequently, it is also
affected by earthquakes of lower intensity.
The Government acknowledges that, as in Africa in general and even worldwide, Angola was more exposed to natural disasters in the last decade.
To face all these situations, the Government decided to create the Strategic Plan on Disaster Management (analyzed in the report), and implemented
policies and institutional mechanisms of risk reduction for natural disasters.
The adoption of this Plan shows, at least in principle, a commitment from the Government to tackle natural disaster related issues and to directly address
disaster prevention, response and mitigation.
2
Based in the data provided by the government on the National Strategic Plan on Disaster Management.
8
3) Governmental & Law Making Structure
Following the end of the Colonial War and the Declaration of the Independence, the Constitution of the Republic of Angola was adopted in 1975 (amended
in 2010).
The political regime in Angola is a Presidential system, in which the President is also head of the Government and has legislative powers. The National
Assembly is the representative organ of the People and therefore the supreme organ of the Republic.
The government structure is based on the principle of powers and is divided in three branches:
i. The legislative power
ii. The executive power
iii. The judicial power
The legislative power is divided between the National Assembly and the Government, according to their specific attributions/competences. The executive
power includes both the national and local levels of government.
Laws of the National Assembly must be adopted by absolute majority, and the amendments to the Constitution and the Referendums by a qualified
majority (2/3 of the votes). The Government also issues legislation within its areas of competence.
Legal documents include:
1) Laws, Organic Law, Basic Laws, Laws of Legislative Authorization, Resolutions
9
2) Presidential Decrees, Presidential Orders, Decrees
3) Regulations, Decisions, Ordinance
10
4) Detailed table of DRR Legislation Based on the Research Questions
1. Background information ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13

2. Institutional frameworks, resourcing and community participation in DRR: ........................................................................................................................ 15
Part One. Disaster Management Law & Institutions.............................................................................................................................................................. 15
A. Disaster Management Institutions ................................................................................................................................................................................ 15
B. Hyogo Framework for Action & Climate Change Institutions ........................................................................................................................................ 25
C. DRR priority and resource allocation in government .................................................................................................................................................... 26
Part Two. Responsibility, accountability and liability for natural disaster risk reduction ...................................................................................................... 27
A. Constitutional Rights & Guarantees for the Population ................................................................................................................................................ 27
B. Liability & Insurance....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
3. Early warning and reduction of underlying risk factors through regulation ......................................................................................................................... 31
Part One. Rapid-onset disasters, sectoral and specific regulation based on identified risks and community participation ................................................ 32
A. Cyclones, tornadoes, or storms? ................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
B. Earthquake/Tsunami? .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
C. Fire?................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 37
D. Floods? ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
E. Heat/cold waves?........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
F. Insect Infestations? ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
G. Landslides and avalanches? ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
H. Volcanoes? ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Part Two. Slow-onset disasters, sectoral and specific regulation based on risks and community participation .................................................................. 54
11
I. Drought and related famine?......................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
J. Other food security risks? .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 57
Part Three. Early Warning, Hazard Mapping and Risk Information ...................................................................................................................................... 59
A. Early Warning ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
B. Risk identification, assessment and monitoring ............................................................................................................................................................ 63
Part Four. Regulation of the Built Environment ................................................................................................................................................................. 64
A. Building Codes................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 64
B. Land Use Planning Laws ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 71
C. Land tenure .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
E. Urban Water and Flood Management ........................................................................................................................................................................... 83
Part Five. Regulation of the Natural & Rural Environment .................................................................................................................................................... 85
A. Human Risks in Environmental Change ......................................................................................................................................................................... 85
B. Forests ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 87
C. Rivers and watercourses ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 89
D. Drought and food security ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 90
4. Information management and exchange, community level DRR education & awareness ................................................................................................... 91
12
1. Background information
Using secondary and legal sources, identify and describe briefly in the table below the governmental structure of the subject country to assist readers
understand how the different levels of law and regulation relate to each other.
1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Legal Research Questions Short Title, no. & date No.ss./ Answers, comments & extracts (please use quotation marks for all
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Identify laws that indicate the structure of government, including the number of levels of government and the extent of decentralisation of governmental
functions, such as: constitutional framework for different levels of government (e.g. national/provincial/local), and specific laws on decentralisation.
1. How many levels of government are Constitution of the Article There are three levels of Government:
there, and what are they called? How 55
Republic of Angola  National
many administrative areas are there
Article  Provincial (directly under the central government)
(e.g. provinces, local government of 1975, amended in 145 to
areas)?  Local :Municipal (execute the deliberations of the provincial
January 21 of 2010 147 government) and Communal (respond to the Municipalities)
Angola has 18 Provinces, 163 Municipalities and 532 Communes.
2. Is there a separate law on Law of the National Article 9 Yes. It decentralizes by establishing new institutions:
decentralisation of government Assembly no. 17/10 of
July 29  A Provincial Government
functions? How does it decentralise?
For example, does it establish new  A Municipal and a Communal Administration
institutions or delegate powers to
provincial/local government? Article 3
13
1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Article 4 And by delegating powers to the provincial and local governments.
3. Looking at the Constitution and/or Constitution of the Article There is no specific mention to reducing risks related to natural
decentralisation law, is there any 12 disasters, only a general reference to the protection of the
Republic of Angola environment and environmental education.
mention of allocation of
responsibility at the different levels of 1975, amended in
for reducing risks related to natural
disasters? January 21 of 2010
4. Is this country a member of any regional organisation(s) that make(s) Yes. Angola is member of:
regulations or agreements or issues guidelines for member states that could
IDRL Guidelines of IFRC
impact on disaster management or risk reduction? Is so, please name the
organisation(s). Hyogo Framework for Action 2005
14
2. Institutional frameworks, resourcing and community participation in DRR:
The aim is to identify laws that establish the governmental institutions and structures relevant to DRR, and which set out their mandates, and resource
allocation mechanisms, including the extent of involvement of communities and civil society. These may include specialist disaster management institutions,
bodies established to implement the Hyogo Framework for Action, or authorities charged with planning for adaptation to climate change, as well as
government bodies responsible for planning and oversight, public administration at all levels, land use planning, building controls, environmental
management, and telecommunications. However, to avoid repetition, the sectoral institutions are not included in this question but are part of the data
requested in the section on reducing underlying risks.
2. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS, RESOURCING AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DRR
Legal Research Questions Short Title, no. & date No.ss./ paras. Answers, comments & extracts (please use quotation marks for
all extracts)
of law / regulation
Part One. Disaster Management Law & Institutions

The key question in relation to DM laws is whether they exist and, if so, the extent to which they incorporate longer term disaster risk reduction, as well as
prevention. Issues for investigation include: progress in the development of comprehensive DM legislation (at national level, provincial and local levels),
what, if any, elements of existing DM laws and regulations relate to risk reduction and prevention for natural disasters; and whether there is a specified DM
role for communities, civil society and the National Red Cross or Red Crescent Society (especially in recognition of its auxiliary status in humanitarian
response).
A. Disaster Management Institutions

5. Is there a national disaster Presidential Decree The main goals of this plan is:
management (DM) or civil No.103/2011 to
establish the National Contribute to a sustainable development by reducing the risk and
protection law or regulation? - or a
Strategic Plan for the impact of disasters.
group of regulations? Describe.
15
all extracts)
of law / regulation
Disaster Management It identifies natural disaster prevention, response and solutions

both for the country in general and for provinces (establishing
some priority ones).
Basic Law of Civil

Protection3
No. 28/03
Defines the main lines of action for Disaster Management in an

Presidential Decree effort to minimize the adverse effects of disasters on the
No.205/10 population. In a way translates in practical and more detailed
measures the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Management.
Approval of the National
Plan of Preparation,
Contingency, Response
and Recovering from
Calamities and Natural
Disasters 2009-2014
6. Is there also a national disaster Presidential Decree This National Strategic Plan defines a policy of active prevention of
management policy? Is this No.103/2011 to disasters by the National Service of Civil Protection (NSCP).
established by a law? Provide establish the National
3
I could not find this legal instrument online.
16
all extracts)
of law / regulation
details. Strategic Plan for It establishes the coordination and promotion of risk management
Disaster Management as a specific area of action.
Section IV
Some examples of the proposed initiatives are:
 Promotion and support to the development sectors to

include disaster management in their sectorial and
institutional plans;
 Development of information campaigns in disaster
management and risk reduction
 Creation of a National Fund of Assistance to the victims of
Disasters
It reflects the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Management, i.e.

Presidential Decree it establishes national disaster management policy.
No.205/10

and Recovering from
Disasters 2009-2014
17
all extracts)
of law / regulation
7. Is the DM law a national law Presidential Decree Section IV Yes, as a presidential decree it is applicable throughout the
applicable throughout the territory No.103/2011 to territory of Angola.
establish the National Paragraph 1
of the subject country? If so, does it
establish an integrated national Strategic Plan for
system with elements at provincial, Disaster Management
local and/or community level? Section IV
It establishes an integrated national system. In each area of action
A.1/A.2 there are the coordination responsible organs (or institutions), and
also the implementation ones.
A.3/A.4
Provincial and Municipal Commissions are included and considered
A.5
implementation organs.
Section 56
Presidential Decree This decree expressly admits that the National Plan of Preparation,
No.205/10 “Unidade Contingency, Response and Recovering from Calamities and
Orçamental” Natural Disasters and is applicable throughout the territory.
Plan of Preparation, Point 5
and Recovering from
Section It also establishes, explicitly, an integrated national system with
Disasters 2009-2014
the participation of the provincial and municipal levels.
“Módulo de
Contingência e
18
all extracts)
of law / regulation
Resposta”
Point 2
8. Are there separate provincial or No.

local DM laws? Are these
connected with the national DM
law in any way? e.g., is there a
hierarchy of laws between them, or
a common institutional structure?
9. Does the DM or other law establish No.
one or more specialist DM
institutions? What are they (i.e.
what are their names and what
type of body are they) and what are
their mandates?
10. Does the DM policy use the same or Presidential Decree It uses the NSCP as the main implementing institution of the
different implementing institutions No.103/2011 to policy.
from the DM law? Describe. establish the National
Strategic Plan for
Disaster Management
Presidential Decree
19
all extracts)
of law / regulation
No.205/10
Approval of the National Yes. The DM policy uses the same implementing institutions from
Plan of Preparation, the DM law.
and Recovering from Essentially the NSCP as main responsible for the implementation
Calamities and Natural of the DM policy in coordination with the provincial and the
Disasters 2009-2014 municipal organs/institutions.
11. Does the DM law or other law deal Presidential Decree The national Strategic Plan deals with disaster response, disaster
with: No.103/2011 to preparedness, disaster mitigation and prevention and DDR very
establish the National generally. It does not define DRR.
a) Disaster response?
Strategic Plan for
b) Disaster preparedness? Disaster Management
c) Disaster mitigation and
prevention?
d) Disaster risk reduction (DRR)? Section IV More detail is given to early warning mechanisms.
e) If it includes DRR, how is it A.4
defined? (include definition)
a) Yes, in the Module on “Contingency and Response” and
also in the Module on “Early Recovery”.
b) Yes, also in the Module on “Contingency and Response”.
Presidential Decree c) Yes, in the Module on “Preparation”.
No.205/10 d) Yes, throughout this legal instrument.
20
all extracts)
of law / regulation
Approval of the National e) No, it does not include a definition of DRR.

and Recovering from
Disasters 2009-2014
12. Does the DM law (or any other law) Presidential Decree Section IV Yes, their role relates to coordination functions, with the NSCP,
or policy allocate DRR No.103/2011 to and also implementation ones.
responsibilities in one or more establish the National
government ministries? If so, which Strategic Plan for
ministries? Describe their allocated Disaster Management4
roles.
Presidential Decree
Yes.
No.205/10
Ministry of Environment: implementation functions of the national
and decentralized processes of preparation and coordination
Contingency, Response Scheme of Ministry of National Defence: implementation of safety and public
and Recovering from Actions and order
Calamities and Natural Responsibilities
Disasters 2009-2014 Ministry of Interior: Coordination of the political level decisions
(last 2 pages)
Ministry of Territorial Administration: Implementation of actions
21
all extracts)
of law / regulation
of preparation and response
For more details on the allocated roles of the ministries see

Scheme of Actions and Responsibilities in this legal document.
13. Does the DM law or policy prescribe Presidential Decree Part III There is a general reference to the mobilization of the civil society
a role in DM institutions for civil No.103/2011 to in order to reduce the conditions of vulnerability of the country.
establish the National B1
society? If so, how defined and
what is the role? At what levels? Strategic Plan for
Disaster Management
a) National?
b) Provincial/state?
The role of the civil society it is essentially defined as a subsidiary
c) Municipal/local? “Module of and complementary role to the NSCP.
Presidential Decree
No.205/10 Contingency
Several references are made to the role of civil society in DM at all
and Response” levels. (Providing shelter and early warning mechanisms,
-2.1,2.2,2.3 especially)
and Recovering from
Disasters 2009-2014
14. Does the DM law or policy prescribe Presidential Decree Yes.

a role in DM institutions for the No.205/10
National Red Cross or Red Crescent
Society? If so, how defined and “Module on Specific references are made only to its role regarding shelter and
22
all extracts)
of law / regulation
what is the role? At what levels? Plan of Preparation, Contingency warning mechanisms in case of potentially affected areas and this
a) National? Contingency, Response and Response” at a national level.
and Recovering from
b) Provincial/state? 4.2.2 C
c) Municipal/local? Disasters 2009-2014
“Module on No specific reference to provincial or municipal levels.
Preparation”
2.3
15. Is there any provision in the DM law Presidential Decree Part III Yes, but in very general terms. It mentions that gender equality
or policy to ensure that women No.103/2011 to shall be considered in the thematic approach of DM, with special
establish the National B8 relevance of the role of women.
have a role and a voice in the DM
institutions? If so, how is this Strategic Plan for
regulated or encouraged by law? At Disaster Management
what levels does the law provide
for women’s participation in DM
institutions?
a) National?
b) Provincial/state?
c) Municipal/local?
16. Does the DM law or policy prescribe Presidential Decree Part III Yes. There are several references throughout the legal document.
a role in DM institutions for No.103/2011 to
establish the National B3 It is mentioned that the responsibilities of local communities shall
communities? If so, how defined
be enforced so they can be able to manage their own conditions of
23
all extracts)
of law / regulation
and what is the role? Does it specify Strategic Plan for risk.
any mechanisms to ensure a voice Disaster Management5
for all elements of the community a) No.
in DRR, e.g.
a) Women? b) No.
b) Different cultural or ethnic
groups? c) Yes.
Preamble
c) Vulnerable groups, including
children, older persons, persons
There is a general reference to the vulnerable groups as the main
with disabilities?
Part III object of protection of this legal document in the preamble.
d) Socially isolated groups and the
very poorest people? B2 The protection of the vulnerable groups and communities are also
one of the specific objectives of this legal document.
Prescribes the need to develop direct actions (regarding early

Part IV warning mechanisms) in the most vulnerable communities.
A4 d) Considered as part of the most vulnerable
groups/communities (see c.).
17. Describe the main differences in There are no major differences between the two of them.
the scope of the DM law and the
DM policy concerning prevention
5
http://www.casacivilpr.ao/pt/documentos/4558a5766e0e89a35261fef1ad04c2c832c591a6.pdf
24
all extracts)
of law / regulation
and disaster risk reduction.

18. Does the DM law or policy, or other No.
legislation, provide for oversight
mechanisms on DRR
implementation, including
reporting and/ or parliamentary
oversight?
B. Hyogo Framework for Action & Climate Change Institutions
19. Does legislation establish any Presidential Decree Section IV It mentions that this Strategic Plan is orientated in accordance
institutions (including committees), No.103/2011 to with Hyogo Framework for Action, and establishes the NSCP as the
establish the National A1 legal responsible for DRR.
or allocate to an existing body,
implementation of the Hyogo Strategic Plan for
Framework for Action? What Disaster Management
institutions? What are their Creates the NSCP as the responsible for DM and DRR.
designated roles in DRR?
20. Does legislation establish any No.6
institutions (including committees),
or allocate to an existing body,
planning and implementation for
adaptation to climate change?
What institutions? What are their
6
I consulted some newspaper article that announced the inauguration of a Centre for Ecology and Climate Change created by the Angolan Government but I could not find
any mention to its attributions and competences in legislation.
25
all extracts)
of law / regulation
designated roles in DRR?

21. Do the implementation No information available.
mechanisms for the Hyogo
Framework, climate change
adaptation and DM institutions
intersect? If so, how? Are their
mandates complementary or do
they overlap? Describe.
C. DRR priority and resource allocation in government
22. Does the budgetary process provide Presidential Decree Scheme NCCP There is a reference to the budget previewed annually for the
for any dedicated budget line items No.205/10 NCCP but there is no express reference to a budget specifically
Composition of allocated to DDR.
for DRR and/or minimum
Approval of the National the
percentages for DRR expenditure
Plan of Preparation, Expenditure
by government institutions? If so, is
there a budget allocated to DRR at
and Recovering from
national level? How is this
prescribed?
Disasters 2009-2014
23. Is there a budget allocated to DRR No.

at provincial/state level (if
relevant)? How is this prescribed?
24. Is there a budget allocated to DRR No.
at municipal or local level? How is
26
all extracts)
of law / regulation
this prescribed?
Part Two. Responsibility, accountability and liability for natural disaster risk reduction
The aim is to identify relevant constitutional or other guarantees that may underpin government responsibility, liability and affected persons’ rights to
compensation. These may include rights to: safety /life; not to be discriminated against; protection of livelihoods; health; compensation; and to information
relevant to DRR. One specific issue on the question of liability, is whether governments are liable for failure to prevent natural disasters affecting the
population, including for failure to warn, or for making an erroneous warning. A second, related, issue is whether private individuals are liable for damage
caused to others from their property during natural disasters, or for faulty advice/warnings given. A third element is whether there is any system of
compulsory insurance against the effects of natural disasters.
A. Constitutional Rights & Guarantees for the Population

25. Are there any guarantees in the Constitution of the a) Yes, article 16
constitution or another law relating Republic of Angola of b) Yes, article 30
to individual or collective rights that 1975, amended in c) No.
may underpin government January 21 of 2010
responsibility or liability, and d) Yes, article 85
affected persons’ rights to e) Yes, article 23
compensation for damage from f) Yes, article 77
natural disasters? If so, do these g) No.
relate to:
h) Yes, article 40
a) DRR in general?
b) Safety /Life
c) Right to Food?
d) Right to adequate shelter or
27
all extracts)
of law / regulation
housing?
e) Non-discrimination, (and other
relevant civil and political rights)?
f) Livelihoods, Health (and other
economic, social and cultural
rights)?
g) Compensation for losses due to
natural disasters?
h) Information?
26. Do the above constitutional or Constitution of the Article 73 and a) It is both an individual and collective right.
other guarantees give residents any Republic of Angola of 74
personal right of action against the 1975, amended in b) It is not specified.
state if the government breaches January 21 of 2010
these rights? E.g. access to a
constitutional court, or a claim in a Article 196 c) Poorest people are guaranteed access to justice by the
human rights court or tribunal? If State.
so, explain how the law enables this
to occur, and who has the right to d) It is not specified.
make such claims. E.g.
a) Is it an individual or a collective
right?
b) Can claimants represent
themselves?
c) Are there costs that mean the
28
all extracts)
of law / regulation
poorest people cannot access the

remedy?
d) Are there financial limitations on
any such claims (minimums or
maximums)?
B. Liability & Insurance
27. Does legislation (including case law, Constitution of the Case Law is not applicable in Angola
where applicable) make Republic of Angola of
Article 75 There is a general clause of State’s liability for any actions and
government agencies liable for 1975, amended in
omissions committed which result in the violation of rights,
failure to prevent natural disasters January 21 of 2010 freedoms and guarantees.
affecting the population?
It does not address failure to prevent natural disasters directly.
28. Are government agencies liable for Constitution of the Article 75 There is no specific law or regulation on natural disaster warnings.
failure to warn or for making an Republic of Angola of There is a general clause of State’s liability (see Q.28), therefore
erroneous warning of natural 1975, amended in depending on the seriousness of the offense civil or criminal
disaster? If so, what kind of responsibility will be applied.
January 21 of 2010
liability? – civil, criminal or both? If
They can be both individual and collective actions.
so, what are the legal mechanisms Articles 73 and
for injured parties to seek redress? 74
Are these individual or collective
actions, or both?
29
all extracts)
of law / regulation
29. Do government agencies that fail to Constitution of the Article 75 According to the Constitution no, there is no legal immunity for
warn or make an erroneous Republic of Angola of this purposes.
warning have legal immunity? If 1975, amended in
governments have immunity from January 21 of 2010
liability, how extensive is this
and/or how and where in law is it
defined? Does it apply to all levels
of government?
30. Are private persons (individual or No information.
corporate) liable for faulty disaster-
related advice or warnings given?
Does this apply to volunteers? If so,
what kind of liability? – civil,
criminal or both? If so, what are the
legal mechanisms for injured
parties to seek redress? Are these
individual or collective actions, or
both?
31. Are private persons (individual or In principle, general rules of damage caused to others from their
corporate) liable for damage caused property are applicable.
to others from their property
during natural disasters? If so, what
kind of liability? – civil, criminal or
both? If so, what are the legal
mechanisms for injured parties to
30
all extracts)
of law / regulation
seek redress? Are these individual

or collective actions, or both?
32. Is there any system of compulsory No.
insurance against the effects of
natural disasters? If so, how is this
established by law and what are the
main elements of the scheme?
3. Early warning and reduction of underlying risk factors through regulation
3. EARLY WARNING AND REDUCTION OF UNDERLYING RISK FACTORS THROUGH REGULATION
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
31
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Parts One and Two: Are there laws or regulations relating to preparedness, prevention and/ or risk reduction against the following specific natural hazards
(if relevant)? Such regulations may include some specific laws on rapid-onset disasters – Part One – such as fire regulations and fire service, as well as
building codes (e.g. earthquake, fire, hurricanes/cyclones), land zoning and land use planning regulations (e.g. flood plain exclusions, unstable land) ,
disaster management / civil protection laws, and environmental management laws concerning rivers and forests (flood mitigation, erosion prevention
against landslides and floods). There may be similar or a different range of laws concerning slow-onset disasters such as drought and other food security
issues – Part Two. There may therefore be some overlap with the subsequent sections, but the main aim of Parts One and Two of this section is to identify
which risks have separate regulation in the subject country, and in which laws.
Part One. Rapid-onset disasters, sectoral and specific regulation based on identified risks and community participation
A. Cyclones, tornadoes, or storms?
33. Is there a specific law about this No.

hazard (i.e. not the main DM law)? If
so, describe the form of regulation
to reduce the impact of this risk (if
any), and institutional responsibility.
At what level(s) of government is
this regulated?
34. Does this law specify how No.
management of this risk is financed?
If so, describe.
35. Does this law attribute liability for No.
damage caused by:
a) failure to warn, or false or faulty
32
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
warnings of this risk?

b) failure to take preventive action
including by reducing this risk?
c) If so, who may be liable - or
immune?
d) Is it civil or criminal liability, or
both?
36. Does this law regulate the collection No.
and distribution of information on
hazards and risks (risk mapping) in
relation to this risk? If so, what
authority is responsible and what is
their mandate?
37. Does this law provide for No.
consultation and/or participation
about risk mapping, Early Warning
or general DRR regarding this risk by
affected or at-risk communities?
How? If so, does it provide for
participation or a voice for all parts
of those communities, including:
a) Women?
b) Different cultural or ethnic groups?
33
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

with disabilities?
d) Socially isolated groups and the very
poorest people?
38. Does this law provide for Early No.
Warnings Systems (EWS) for this
risk? If so, does it require
community involvement in EWS?
39. If communities are involved in Early No.
Warning Systems (EWS), does this
law provide that they:
a) Assist in the design of local and
community EWS?
b) Establish or maintain EWS?
c) Provide information for the EWS?
d) Have direct and timely access to
relevant warnings and data on
emerging risks (e.g. telephone,
radio or internet access to
meteorological or seismological
data and analysis)?
34
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
B. Earthquake/Tsunami?

this regulated?
If so, describe.
damage caused by:
immune?
both?
35
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

their mandate?
about risk mapping, early warning
a) Women?
groups?
with disabilities?
very poorest people?
36
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

46. If communities are involved in EWS, No.
does this law provide that they:
community EWS?
data and analysis)?
C. Fire?

this regulated?
37
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
If so, describe.
damage caused by:
immune?
both?
their mandate?
38
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

a) Women?
groups?
with disabilities?
community EWS?
39
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

data and analysis)?
D. Floods?
54. Is there a specific law about this Law on Water no. 6/02 Article 29 No.
hazard (i.e. not the main DM law)? If of July 21
Floods are mentioned, notwithstanding, in the Law on water, in
general terms:
any), and institutional responsibility. It is the responsibility of the State to create and maintain systems to
At what level(s) of government is prevent calamities related to floods and droughts.
this regulated?
The systems of prevention, warning and rescue in the event of
floods are ruled by specific regulations issued by the Government7.
55. Does this law specify how Law on Water no. 6/02 Article 18 There is a reference, in the general Law on water, to the creation of
management of this risk is financed? of July 21 a complementary Fund to foment the development of the water
If so, describe. resources and related environmental protection.
There is no specific mention to the management of the risk of

floods.
56. Does this law attribute liability for Law on Water no. 6/02 Article 29, This law attributes to the landlords and users of dams the
responsibility to take preventive measures to avoid natural disasters
7
I could not find any example of these regulations.
40
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
damage caused by: of July 21 para. 2 both in the construction phase and exploitation one.
a) No.
b) failure to take preventive action Article 72 b) There is reference to administrative liability for some
including by reducing this risk? situations including the lack of respect for the prohibitions
Article 72
c) If so, who may be liable - or and restrictions set out by this law, or the omission of the
para.1 f)
immune? conditions prescribed by this same law.
d) Is it civil or criminal liability, or It can be read that this law prescribes that landlords and
both?
users of dams take preventive actions to avoid natural
disasters (i.e. floods), so they are obliged to respect this
condictions. In the case they don’t, article 72 para. 1 f) is
applicable.
It is also said that possible civil and criminal liability are not
excluded.
c) See answer to b).
d) No.

41
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
their mandate?
58. Does this law provide for Law on Water no. 6/02 Articles 9, 15 No. But there is a reference to the participation of the community in
consultation and/or participation of July 21 and 16 water related issues. No mention, however, is made in regard to risk
about risk mapping, early warning mapping, early warning or general DDR.
How? If so, does it provide for General reference is ma e regarding the importance of equality of
participation or a voice for all parts Article 10 treatment and opportunity for the participants in water related
of those communities, including: issues, but there is not any specific mention to these specific
a) Women? groups.
groups?
with disabilities?
42
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

community EWS?
data and analysis)?
E. Heat/cold waves?

this regulated?
If so, describe.
damage caused by:
43
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

immune?
both?
their mandate?
a) Women?
44
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
groups?
with disabilities?
community EWS?
data and analysis)?
45
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
68. Describe form of regulation, and No.

institutional responsibility.
F. Insect Infestations?

Executive-Decree of Notwithstanding the Organic Statute of the Ministry of Agriculture
June 25 2010, Organic has some general references to plagues:
Statute of the Ministry of
Agriculture, Rural
Development Fishing
this regulated? It is a Ministry’s of Agriculture attribution to:
Activities Article2)r
 Secure the protection of animals vegetables and the
national territory against diseases and local and
transnational plagues
Executive Decree No. Articles 2, 6,

52/06 of April 17 17 and 18 The Executive Decree No. 52/06 also reinforces this idea.

If so, describe.
damage caused by:
46
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

immune?
both?
their mandate?
a) Women?
47
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
groups?
with disabilities?
community EWS?
emerging risks (e.g. telephone, radio
or internet access to meteorological
or seismological data and analysis)?
G. Landslides and avalanches?
48
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

this regulated?
If so, describe.
damage caused by:
immune?
both?
49
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

their mandate?
about risk mapping, Early Warning
a) Women?
groups?
with disabilities?
50
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

Warning Systems (EWS), does this
law provide that they:
community EWS?
data and analysis)?
H. Volcanoes?

so, describe the form of regulation to
reduce the impact of this risk (if any),
and institutional responsibility. At
what level(s) of government is this
regulated?
51
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
If so, describe.
damage caused by:
immune?
both?
their mandate?
87. Does this law provide for consultation No.
and/or participation about risk
mapping, Early Warning or general
DRR regarding this risk by affected or
at-risk communities? How? If so, does
it provide for participation or a voice
52
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
for all parts of those communities,

including:
a) Women?
groups?
with disabilities?
Warning Systems (EWS), does this law
provide that they:
community EWS?
53
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation

data and analysis)?
Part Two. Slow-onset disasters, sectoral and specific regulation based on risks and community participation
I. Drought and related famine?
90. Is there a specific law or No.

institutional mandate for drought
preparedness and risk reduction,
especially for agriculture and Executive-Decree of But according to the Organic Statute of the Ministry of Agriculture it
related industries? In particular: June 25 2010, Organic is its own attribution to formulate and propose a strategic plan to
a) Rain and river water storage, Statute of the Ministry of develop the agricultural and other related sectors.
distribution and conservation Agriculture, Rural
measures? Development Fishing No reference is made to drought preparedness and risk reduction in
Activities this law.
b) Development and maintenance of
ground water extraction, storage
and distribution?
c) If so, describe the forms of Law on Water No. 6/02 In the Law on Water some references are made to the private and
Article
regulation. At what level(s) of of July 21 public use of water resources.
22,23,24 and
government is this regulated? 25 It specifies that the private use of water resources is subjected to
the issuing of permits and concessions and must comply with
certain legal conditions and, on the other side, that the public use is
54
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
free.
Drought is mentioned, notwithstanding, in the Law on water, in

general terms:
 It is the responsibility of the State to create and maintain

systems to prevent calamities related to floods and drought.
 The systems of prevention, warning and rescue in the event
of drought are ruled by specific regulations issued by the
Government.
institutional mandate for early
warning and response to drought,
to mitigate the effects of drought
and help prevent famine? In
particular:
a) Is an institution legally mandated
to issue drought early warnings?
If so, how is this regulated?
b) Is an institution legally mandated
to impose water use restrictions?
If so, at what level(s) of
government?
c) Is there legal provision for
diversion, piping or transporting
55
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
water to drought-affected areas?

If so, at what level(s) of
government?
92. Do the above laws or mandates Law on Water no. 6/02 Article 18 There is a reference, in the general Law on water, to the creation of
specify how management of of July 21 a complementary Fund to foment the development of the water
drought and famine risk is financed? resources and related environmental protection.
If so, describe.
There is no specific mention to the management of the risk of
drought.
93. Do the above laws or mandates No.

regulate the collection and
distribution of information on
drought and related famine risks? If
so, what authority is responsible
and what is their mandate?
94. Do the above laws or mandates Law on Water no. 6/02 Articles 9, 15 No. But there is a reference to the participation of the community in
provide for consultation and/or of July 21 and 16 water related issues. No mention, however, is made in regard to risk
participation about drought and mapping, early warning or general DDR.
famine risk, early warning or general
DRR regarding drought and famine
by affected or at-risk communities? General reference is ma e regarding the importance of equality of
How? If so, does it provide for Article 10 treatment and opportunity for the participants in water related
participation or a voice for all parts issues, but there is not any specific mention to these specific
56
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
a) Women? groups.
groups?
with disabilities?
J. Other food security risks?

institutional mandate concerning
threats to food security other than
droughts? (e.g. predicted effects of
climate change, such as inundation
of agricultural land and/or mass
migration).
a) If so, describe the form of
regulation to reduce the impact
of these risks (if any), and
institutional responsibility
b) At what level(s) of government is
this regulated?
57
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
96. Does the above law or mandate No.

specify how management of food
security is financed? If so, describe.
regulate the collection and
distribution of information on
hazards and risks to food security,
particularly those relating to
agricultural production? If so, what
their mandate?
provide for community consultation
and/or participation about risk
reduction from threats to food
security? How? If so, does it provide
for participation or a voice for all
parts of those communities,
including:
a) Women?
groups?
58
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
with disabilities?
Part Three. Early Warning, Hazard Mapping and Risk Information
A. Early Warning
99. In addition to the sectoral laws Yes.
above, is there any general
obligation to establish early
warning systems (EWS) in the Presidential Decree Section III It is considered one of the main objectives and part of the national
disaster management law? No.103/20118 strategy to respect the principle of prevention, meaning that the
a) If so, does this include Objectives risks of disaster shall be considered in advance in order to eliminate
institutional mandates on EWS? and Strategy its causes or at least reduce their consequences.
b) Which institution(s) are involved
and what are their mandates on
EWS? Presidential Decree Module of The National Strategic Plan also establishes the obligation to
c) Is there legal provision for No.205/109 Preparation
8
Presidential Decree No.103/2011 to establish the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Management
9
Presidential Decree No.205/10 Approval of the National Plan of Preparation, Contingency, Response and Recovering from Calamities and Natural Disasters
2009-2014
59
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
financing of EWS? 2. Early establish EWS.

Warning and
Alert
Section IV
Presidential Decree Areas of a) Yes the de-centralized Commissions of Civil Protection.
No.103/2011 Action
Presidential Decree Scheme of b) To develop the local warning systems, the NSCP ( at a
No.205/10 actions and coordination level) and the Provincial and the Local
responsibility Commissions.
To develop a municipal system of instruments and
warnings, to capacitate the communities to respond to the
Module of warnings and to establish agreements between the public
Preparation and the private sectors for actions of evacuation and
warning :At a coordination level- the Provincial
2. Early Commissions, commune observers of EWS; At an
Warning and implementation level; the local EWS, local organizations and
60
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Alert local administrations.
c) No.
100. Does EWS regulation include Presidential Decree Module of Yes. There is a reference to the need of include community
requirements for community No.205/10 Preparation participation (especially the vulnerable ones) so they are prepared
consultation and participation in to act in disaster scenarios.
2. Early
development of EWS? Describe.
Warning and
Alert
101. Does EWS regulation provide for Presidential Decree Module of Yes. The EWS shall be in accordance with local practices to
community-based early warning No.205/10 Preparation guarantee an effective monitoring, alert and warning of the main
data collection? Describe. threats.
2. Early
Warning and
Alert
102. Does EWS regulation provide for Presidential Decree Module of Yes. It is mentioned that the monitoring of the warning systems
timely and reliable access for at-risk No.205/10 Preparation shall be done considering the data of Meteorological Alert Systems
communities to EWS, and considered for each particular situation. The warnings shall be
2. Early made with effective and reliable communication systems.
Warning and
data (as relevant)? Describe.
Alert
103. Does the law regulating General No.

telecommunications infrastructure telecommunications Law
61
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
and delivery include any DRR No. 08/01 of May 11

criteria in general, or any specific
measures such as:
a) geographical coverage of
telecommunications to include
remote and/or at-risk areas?
b) priority access to communications
technology for at-risk communities
and responders to disaster?
c) access for vulnerable groups such as
the elderly and persons with
disabilities?
d) Support for early warning systems?
104. Does the above law impose, or General No.
allow for the imposition, of any telecommunications Law
restrictions on use of certain types
No. 08/01 of May 11
of telecommunications equipment
a) Generally throughout the
territory?
b) In specified areas?
c) Under specified circumstances?
62
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
B. Risk identification, assessment and monitoring

105. In addition to the sectoral laws Presidential Decree There are some reference to information purposes but there is no
above, does the disaster No.205/10 specific reference to collection and distribution on hazards and
management law regulate the risks.
collection and distribution of
information on hazards and risks
(risk mapping)? If so, what authority
and Recovering from
is responsible and what is their
mandate?
Disasters 2009-2014
106. Does the disaster management law, No.

or another law, regulate the
collection and publication of
seismological, meteorological and
climatic data relevant to natural
disasters? If so, what does it require
and who is responsible for this, and
under what law?
107. Does the disaster management law, No.
or another law, regulate the
baseline population data, especially
in high risk areas? If so, what does it
require and who is responsible for
63
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
this, and under what law?

Part Four. Regulation of the Built Environment
The aim is to outline the laws and regulations that set out building and construction standards, relevant approvals and enforcement processes, as well as
planning and construction of roads & bridges, and land use planning and zoning, such as: urban and rural planning and zoning, including prohibitions on
development of high risk sites, public open space for evacuation, access for rescue services such as fire and ambulance, and including regulation of informal
settlements; regulation and responsibility for water storage, distribution and quality control for human consumption, flood mitigation construction and
other water management against flooding; land tenure, including mapping and registration of tenure rights (especially participatory land mapping with
communities) and any recognition of indigenous land rights and occupiers’ rights; regulation of emergency and transitional shelter; and regulation or
treatment of informal settlements.
A. Building Codes
Identify building and construction codes, including fire, flood and earthquake safety, as relevant to identified risks, including any differences in regulation,
such as between large urban construction and small residences in rural villages; building regulations, including approvals, inspection and enforcement; and
any regulation of emergency and transitional shelter, and informal settlements.
108. Is there a national building and Law on Territorial and Article 5 It is the responsibility of the State to promote and guide the policy
construction law? If so, what Urban Planning on the Country Planning.
authority is responsible for its
No. 3/04 of June 25 The communes shall intervene in the territorial planning of their
implementation?
areas of jurisdiction.
The rural communities can participate in actions of territorial

planning.
64
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Article 43 The authorities responsible for the implementation are political,

technical and participatory organs.
At a political level:
 National Assembly, Government, Inter –ministerial

Commission on Territorial and Urban Planning.
At a technical level:
 National, Provincial and municipal technical organs.

At a participatory level:
 National Consultation Commission of Territorial and Urban

Planning and Provincial Consultation Commissions on
Territorial, Urban Planning Municipal organs.
109. If there is not a national building No.
and construction law, is this issue
regulated at provincial/state or local
level? If sub-national regulation
only, can you find an example of
such a law?
110. Does the building and construction Law on Territorial and Article 25 Yes. These building codes, regulations and rules are binding.
law include detailed building codes, Urban Planning
regulations or rules? Are these
No. 3/04 of June 25
codes mandatory and binding?
65
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
What areas do they cover (e.g. fire,

earthquake, general building design
and construction, health Executive Decree Areas covered:
requirements, water & sanitation
No. 13/07 of February 26  General building design
etc.)? List these categories of
regulation. Fire (several articles are mentioned concerning specific measures
General Regulation on
that must be adopted in order to secure the construction against
Urban Buildings
the risk of fire): Article 139 to 157
 Health requirements: Article 7,14,53,61º…

 Water and Sanitation Requirements: Article 51, 87, 100 …
 Evacuation of smoke and gases: Article 107 to 113
111. Does this law include mechanisms Decree Article 15 Yes. The responsible authority for the individual building approvals
for individual building approvals? If is the Governor of the Province (where the construction is taking
No. 80/06 of October 30 place).
so, which institution(s) have
responsibility for this? Regulation on Licensing
Allotment, Urbanization
and Construction Works
112. Does this law include mechanisms Decree Article 68 Yes, to all this categories.
for building inspections? If so, which
No. 80/06 of October 30 The responsible authority may organize inspections at all times.
institution(s) have responsibility for
this? Does it apply to: Regulation on Licensing
a) New buildings? Allotment, Urbanization
66
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
b) Renovations / extensions of and Construction Works

existing buildings?
c) Existing buildings where there is
no building application, such as
old buildings that may no longer
be safe?
113. Does this law include mechanisms Executive Decree Article 159º Yes. It can impose pecuniary sanctions as fines but also the
for enforcement of codes, including suspension of the works or the demolition of the works in the case
No. 13/07 of February 26 Article 164º of violation of these Regulations. The responsible authorities are the
sanctions? What type of sanctions
(e.g. fines, whole or partial Provincial Governments.
demolition orders)? If so, which Urban Buildings
this?
Decree
No. 80/06 of October 30
Regulation on Licensing
Allotment, Urbanization
and Construction Works
114. Do the building regulations have No.

special standards or requirements
for:
67
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
a) schools?
b) hospitals?
c) fire stations?
d) other public buildings that may
also be required as collective
centres in case of disaster (e.g.
ministries, sports complexes,
churches, mosques etc.)?
115. Do the building regulations or land No.
use planning laws (or other special
laws) include regulation of large
commercial buildings and
developments (such as multi-storey
shopping centres, office buildings
and factories)? Identify & describe.
116. Do the building laws/regulations Executive Decree Articles 45 to Yes.
include large, multi-storey 48
No. 13/07 of February 26
apartment buildings? Identify &
describe. General Regulation on
Urban Buildings
117. Do the building laws/regulations Executive Decree No, they are covered by the general rules on construction.
include small self-built
No. 13/07 of February 26
constructions? Identify & describe.
68
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Urban Buildings
118. Do the building laws/regulations Executive Decree No. This law is applicable both to new constructions or any works on
differ as between urban and rural re-constructions, extensions, modifications, reparations or
No. 13/07 of February 26 demolitions in the urban perimeter and the rural areas of
settings? If building
laws/regulations are different in protection. Out of these zones this decree can also be applicable to
rural settings, what are the main agglomerates of population when the Provincial Governments
Urban Buildings
differences compared with urban decide so.
settings? E.g.
a) the extent of regulation?
b) the level of government at which
it is regulated?
c) other?
119. Do the building/planning No.
laws/regulations include emergency
and transitional shelter? If so, what
form of regulation and which
this?
120. Do the building laws/regulations Decree a) Yes, see Q. 113.
include:
No. 80/06 of October 30 b) No.
a) Inspections?
b) programmes and/or incentives Regulation on Licensing
69
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
for making existing buildings safe Allotment, Urbanization

(e.g. retro-fitting for earthquake and Construction Works
resistance, addition of fire
escapes, condemning unsafe
buildings including demolition
orders, tax or funding incentives
for owners to fortify buildings)?
If so, what form of regulation and
which institution(s) have
responsibility for this?
121. What if any provision is there for Executive Decree Article 26 Yes. There are a general reference to public roads and other related
planning, approval and construction and 27 public works required to be indicated in the Territorial and
No. 2/06 of January 23 Municipal General plans.
of public roads, bridges and related
public works? – describe the General Regulation
authority(s) & mandate(s). Territorial, Urban and
Rural Plans The responsible authorities are both the Central and Provincial
Government.
122. Are there other matters relevant to The aspects relevant to DRR were already mentioned in the Q. 111.
DRR that are regulated in the
building and construction laws of
the subject country?
70
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
B. Land Use Planning Laws

The aim is to identify whether there are national laws and statutory authorities with responsibility for land zoning and/or land use planning. If there is not a
national law or authority, the issue may be regulated at provincial/state or local level and examples of these laws may not be available. However, although
land use planning is frequently regulated at local government level, the underlying principles or institutional responsibilities may be included in national or
provincial laws. Also, many major cities now have planning law overlays that cross local government boundaries, and may be determined under national or
provincial/state laws. In other cases, special regimes have been established to manage the course of a major river that crosses many local boundaries (and
these laws may also refer to bilateral treaties about cross-boundary water management - for DRR as well as water use – which may bring them under
national law through the treaty powers).
123. Are there national laws and Law on Territorial and Yes.
statutory authorities with Urban Planning
responsibility for land zoning and/or
No. 3/04 of June 25
land use planning?
124. Is this issue regulated at Law on Territorial and It is regulated both at the state, provincial level and municipal level.
provincial/state or local level? If so, Urban Planning
can you find an example of such a
No. 3/04 of June 25
law at each level? The authorities responsible for the implementation are political,
technical and participatory organs.
At a political level:
Article 43
National Assembly, Government, Inter –ministerial
Commission on Territorial and Urban Planning.
Article 29 At a technical level:
71
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
 National, Provincial and municipal technical organs.

At a participatory level:
Article 30
 National Consultation Commission of Territorial and Urban
Planning, Provincial Consultation Commissions on Territorial
and Urban Planning , Municipal organs.
At a national level there is the Law that approves the Principal

Options of National Territory’s Planning (PONTP)10.
At a provincial level Provincial Plans of Territory’s Planning (PPTP)11.
125. Does the land use planning and/or Law on Land a) No.
zoning law include processes for: b) Yes. This article classifies the types of urban land and
No. 9/04 of November 9 Article 21
a) Formal release of land for new refers that in order to be dealt as urban land they must be
developments? approved in accordance with the urban plans or
b) Approval of each new urban recognized as so by the competent authorities. (same
development? idea in article 41)
c) Approval of major commercial c)No
developments?
10
I could not find this law online.
11
I could not find an example online.
72
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
126. Does the land use planning and/or No.

zoning law include prohibitions on
development of high risk sites (e.g.
unstable land prone to subsidence,
flood plains, and contaminated
sites)?
127. Does the planning / zoning law No.
include public open space for
evacuation?
allocate or require allocation of land
for emergency or transitional
shelter in preparation for potential
disaster?
129. Does the planning / zoning law Executive Decree Article 27 It mentions that the main strategic lines relating to the installation,
include provisions for infrastructure conservation and development of infrastructures shall be
No. 2/06 of January 23 established by Principal Options on National Territorial Planning
installation (water and drainage,
sewers, telecommunications, (PONTP) and provincial and inter-provincial plans.
General Regulation
energy) in new developments? Territorial, Urban and
Rural Plans

include street width regulations for
future traffic flow and to ensure
73
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
access for emergency services such

as fire and ambulance?
131. Does the planning / zoning law Executive Decree Article 18 Yes.
differ as between urban and rural
No. 2/06 of January 23 The rural system is dedicated a special article, in which is
settings? If different in rural
highlighted the importance of the consideration of values of the
settings, what are the main General Regulation traditional culture and the role of the Custom for the development
differences compared with urban Territorial, Urban and of the quality of life of the rural communities (respecting the natural
settings? E.g. Rural Plans and ecological balance).
a) the extent of regulation?
b) the level of government at which As for the level of Government at which this is regulated it should
it is regulated? be dealt mainly by the municipal plans (i.e. at the municipal level)
c) other? but it can also be dealt by the general territorial plans (similar to the
urban settings already analysed above).

include any other matters relevant
to disaster risk reduction?
C. Land tenure
133. Is there a national system of land Law on Land Article 5 a) The land belongs originally to the State.
title registration established under Notwithstanding, the State can transfer or charge
No. 9/04 of November 9 Article 6
law? integrated in its domain to the private sector.
a) If sub-national regulation, at what A certificate is always issued either it is a transfer or a
level of government does this concession/usage by the State.
occur, if at all? If sub-national, can
74
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
you find an example of such a

law?
Article 48 b) It is not mentioned.
b) Does the legal mandate for this
system require computerisation The registration shall be me made in the competent
Article 59
and/central record at national delegation of the National Real Estate Registration
level? If not, how and where does Office. It is also a responsibility of the authority, which
it require records to be kept? issues the certificate, to keep a copy of the process of
Article 60 transfer or concession.
134. Are there institutions mandated to Executive Decree Article a) According to the article 12 the communities have the
survey land and/or register title? right to participate in the land mapping activities.
No. 2/06 of January 23
Does this mandate: b) Not mentioned.
a) require or allow community General Regulation c) Not mentioned.
participation in land mapping or Territorial, Urban and
surveying for the purpose of Rural Plans
establishing titles and/or
occupancy and/or usage rights?
b) establish a timeframe for the
conclusion of land mapping?
c) allocate resources for land
mapping?
135. Does the land title system allow Law on Land Article 42 It is mentioned that all singular persons with Angolan nationality
anyone to purchase or own land, or can purchase land.
75
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
does it exclude anyone? E.g. can the No. 9/04 of November 9

following own and inherit land
under this system: a) Not mentioned.
a) Women? b) Not mentioned.
b) All ethnic or religious groups?
c) Yes, but within the limits established by the Constitution and this
c) Non-nationals?
law. (i.e. no nationals are subjected to some requirements that
Angolan citizens are not)
136. If there is no standardised land title, See Q.138

is there another way to legally
recognise land tenure rights (e.g.
indigenous title based on ancestral
lands, or established occupation or
use, or other traditional rights to
use resources such as gathering or
hunting or water rights)? Describe.
137. Is there any legal recognition of Law on Land Yes.
traditional or customary law and
No. 9/04 of November 9 It is mentioned that rights of possession12, occupation and rights of
practice regarding land occupation
use and usufruct are recognized to the families, part of rural
or ownership, or community or
communities, that used these lands in an utile and effective way, in
collective management of land? If
accordance with Costume.
so, describe the relevant legislation
12
Other term used for this word in Portuguese is land titling.
76
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
or case law.
138. Is there legislation or case law that Law on Land Article 6 No.
recognises land tenure as a result of
No. 9/04 of November 9 a) It is mentioned that adverse possession cannot be
occupation, such as:
recognized as a mean of acquiring land tenure from the
a) adverse possession (use and State’s or the rural communities’ private domains.
occupation of land over a certain
b) No information provided.
period of years in the absence of
the legal owner, resulting in a
change of ownership)?
b) ‘squatters’ rights’ (including any
rights to continue inhabiting land
and/or vacant buildings or to be
given notice of eviction if
contested by the legal owner)?
139. If there are parallel systems for Law on Land No. See Q. 138 to acknowledge the only exception made for
recognition of land tenure, such as customary law.
No. 9/04 of November 9
customary law vs. registered
freehold title, does one type of legal
claim take precedence over the
other?
140. Is there any law or legal mechanism Law on Land Article 12 Yes.
that allows government authorities
No. 9/04 of November 9 But the State can only compulsory purchase or requisite land for
to compulsorily purchase or
public purposes only in the cases prescribed by the law, and can
requisition land for public purposes?
77
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
If so, do these purposes include: only do that for Public Utility reasons.
a) risk reduction from natural
a) Not mentioned. But these can be considered reason of
disasters?
Public Utility.
b) land to be kept for evacuation or
emergency or transitional b) Not mentioned. But These can be considered reason of
shelter? Public Utility.
141. Is there a land tribunal or other Law on Land Yes.

dispute resolution mechanism that
No. 9/04 of November 9
provides for resolution of land
tenure disputes? If so, is this Article 77 to It is mentioned that every dispute shall always be subjected to
accessible to communities? – to 81 mediation, conciliation or arbitrage before bringing the action to
individuals? the competent Tribunal (it can be a Civil or Administrative
a) Can people without financial depending on the nature of the dispute), except for the declaration
means access this system? E.g. of nullity (in which case, goes directly to the competent Tribunal).
are there fees, or requirements to
engage lawyers?
b) Are such tribunals or mechanisms It also recognized that disputes within the customary domain of the
available throughout the lands (see Q.138) shall be dealt within the rural communities
territory, including in rural areas? according to the applicable costume in that same community.
Article 82
If this fails, the action follows the steps mentioned above, for
78
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
general disputes.
a) see Q 27.
According to the Constitution Tribunals are available

throughout all the territory.
b) No information.
79
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
D. Informal and precarious settlements

Informal settlements (also called slums or shanty towns) are areas of housing constructed on land to which the occupants had no prior legal claim. The
housing is generally constructed by the occupants from available materials and does not comply with building and planning laws. These unplanned
settlements are not served with public infrastructure such as water, sewers/drainage, roads or telecommunications, or public services such as schools and
medical facilities. They are especially vulnerable to the effects of natural disaster, as they are often built on high-risk land (precarious settlements), with
poor construction materials and methods, and the residents are not protected from the effects of, for example, water contamination during flooding.
Informal settlements sometimes arise from mass migrations to the outskirts of large cities following disaster (including slow-onset disasters such as drought
and famine). However, many of these settlements exist for many years and become established townships. Approaches taken by governments tend to
follow one of three paths: (1) ignore informal settlements for the purpose of regulation, (2) relocate residents either through forced evictions and
demolition, or planned resettlement schemes, or (3) regularize them. The latter approach has been taken in Brazil under its Statute of the City administered
by the Ministry of Cities, which seeks to progressively regularize and integrate under local government, existing informal and precarious settlements.
142. Is there a law that mandates No.

clearing of slums / informal or
precarious settlements?
a) If so, what is the policy reason
given (if any) for such clearance?
b) Does it require or empower
government authorities to evict
or resettle residents? Or to
demolish such settlements?
c) If residents are to be moved, does
this law require the provision of
alternative housing? If so, how is
80
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
this financed?
d) If mandated, is there a process for
eviction? E.g. notice periods,
dispute resolution through land
tribunals?
e) Are there any other protections
for the human rights and
livelihoods of residents who are
evicted or relocated?
143. Is there a law that mandates No.
recognition and/ or regularization of
slums / informal settlements?
a) If so, describe the legal regime for
regularization, including the
responsible institutions.
b) Does regularization include the
introduction of building codes?
Are these mandatory and
binding?
c) Does regularization include the
construction of public
infrastructure? If so, how is this
financed?
d) Does this law authorise or
81
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
mandate the provision of social

services to informal settlements?
e) Does this law include any other
regulatory measures to address
the vulnerability of such
settlements to risk from natural
disasters?
144. Does any law require that informal No.
settlements are included in:
a) Early Warning Systems?
b) Community based DRR education
and training?
145. Does any law provide a mechanism No.
for recognition of tenure for
residents of informal settlements?
a) If so, what types of tenure (e.g.
full title, right to occupy or use,
right to purchase, tenancy)?
b) If so, and such settlements are on
privately owned land, is there
provision for compensation of
those with prior legal tenure?
82
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
E. Urban Water and Flood Management

146. Is there one or more national laws Executive Decree Article 24 b) The municipal plans shall specify the lines of action set out by the
regulating and allocating National and Provincial plans on water storage and distribution.
No. 2/06 of January 23
institutional responsibility for water
storage, distribution and quality General Regulation
control for human consumption? Is Territorial, Urban and
urban water management Rural Plans
principally a national, or
provincial/state or local
responsibility?
Law on Water
Water distribution for human use and consumption has priority
No 06/02 of July 21 over other types of uses.
See Q. 148
147. If there is a national water Presidential -Decree Yes, the Ministry of Energy and Water. This Ministry has two
authority, does its mandate include executive organs in what concern water management:
No. 77/10
risk reduction or preparedness for
 National Direction of Water Supply and Sanitation (NDWSS)
safeguarding the water supply in of May 24
the face of natural disasters?  National Direction of Water Resources (NDWR)
Organic Statute of the
Ministry of Energy and
It is considered one of the attributions of the NDWR to establish the
83
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Water guidelines and mechanisms of evaluation and prevention of floods

and drought, but safeguarding the water supply in general is an
attribution of the NDWSS.
148. Does a national law allocate No.

responsibility for flood mitigation
construction and other water
management against urban flooding
(if relevant to the subject country)?
If so, what authority is responsible?
149. If flood mitigation and water No information.
management against urban flooding
is regulated at the sub-national
level, at what level of government
does this occur? Can you find an
example of such a law?
84
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
Part Five. Regulation of the Natural & Rural Environment

Outline the laws and regulations concerning environmental management from the perspective of human safety, preservation of livelihoods and food
security, including the regulation of exploitation of natural resources, water management, and reducing risks from natural events such as floods,
earthquake, drought, landslides, and wildfires, such as: forestry regulation concerning wildfires, deforestation and erosion relevant to prevention of
landslides and floods; environmental impact assessments; river and water catchment management relevant to flood prevention and mitigation, and water
storage and distribution for human and agricultural consumption; prevention measures relating to drought, especially protection of people, livestock and
crops in the face of drought, including water reserves against the risk of drought; and other prevention and risk management mechanisms to maintain food
security, including measures to prevent desertification.
A. Human Risks in Environmental Change

150. Is there legislation on Law Yes.
environmental protection? If so,
No. 5/98 of June 29
what institution has responsibility?
Basic Law on Article 6 and The Government at all levels (national, provincial, municipal).
Environment 7
151. Does the above mandate include No.

environmental management from
the perspective of:
a) human safety?
b) preservation of livelihoods?
c) food security, especially
concerning protection of crops
85
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
and livestock?
152. Does this law provide for Law Article 16 Yes.
environmental impact assessments
No. 5/98 of June 29 Article 16 prescribes that the EIAs are always mandatory for actions
(EIAs) of any proposed new private
that might have implications in the environmental and social
and public industrial developments? Basic Law on balance.
Environment
153. If there are EIAs, do the criteria Decree Article 9 This article prescribes that the EIA must respect the principles and
include: objectives of the Basic Law on Environment:
NO. 51/04 of July 23
a) human risk factors from changes  A non-technical summary of the project
to the environment, including life About the Environmental
 Descriptions of the activities to develop
and health as well as livelihoods Impact Assessment (EIA)
and food security?  General description of the environmental situation of the
local where the activity is going to take place
b) assessment in light of the known
natural hazards affecting the  A summary of the opinions and critiques collected in public
relevant locality, or downstream surveys
communities (where relevant)?  Description of the possible environmental and social
changes brought by the action
 Descriptions of the possible actions to undertake to
minimize the negative social and environmental effects
 Indication of the systems for the control and evaluation of
the action
86
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
There is no express reference to human risk factors or known

natural hazards.
154. Is there a law that makes any No.

authority responsible for the
regulation of exploitation of natural
resources from the perspective of
human safety during natural
disasters? For example, preventing
cross-contamination from industrial
sites during flooding, or control of
extraction methods to manage
flooding and/or erosion?
B. Forests
155. Is there legislation on forest Decree Yes.
management (if relevant to the
No. 00/07 of April 3013 The Government at all levels (national, provincial and municipal). At
subject country)? If so, what
the national level the Ministry of Agriculture is the main
institution has responsibility? Preliminary Draft of the institutional responsible.
Law on Forests, Wild
Fauna and Areas of Land
Conservation
13
I could not find the number of the law, but in this website http://www.padoca.org/pag/lei-seg.htm is referred as Decree No.00/07 of April 30.
87
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
156. Does the above mandate include Decree Article 37 a) The government shall approve plans
forest management from the of prevention and action against
No. 00/07 of April 30 Article 36
perspective of natural disaster risk wildfires.
reduction, such as: Preliminary Draft of the b) The Government must undertake
a) prevention of wildfires? Law on Forests, Wild reforestation measures namely to
b) deforestation and erosion Fauna and Areas of Land the recuperation of areas subjected
relevant to prevention of Conservation to erosion and in sensitive sectors
landslides and floods? of river basins.
c) other hazards, (such as c) Not mentioned.
encroachment by wildlife into
agricultural land or villages)?
It is prescribed that the Government shall adopt plans to respond to
d) Describe the scope.
situations of emergency to tackle situations that might cause harm
Article 28 to the forest and wild fauna that threat the ecosystems (especially
the wildfires).
157. Does the law recognize customary Decree Article 11 Yes. The landowners, in rural communities - see Q 138., have
laws and practices as to the use and collective rights (based on customary laws) of administration of
No. 00/07 of April 30 forests and wild fauna in their lands (with respect by this law).
management of forests and their
resources? Preliminary Draft of the
Law on Forests, Wild
Fauna and Areas of Land
Conservation
88
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
158. Does the law provide for use, Decree Yes.

conservation or management of
No. 00/07 of April 30 See Q. 159.
forests and their resources by
communities? Preliminary Draft of the Several participation rights are recognized to the communities
Law on Forests, Wild throughout this legal document (with special attention to their
Fauna and Areas of Land participation in the elaboration of the scientific report and
Conservation acknowledgment of the traditional knowledge regarding the
management of forests).
C. Rivers and watercourses

159. Is there legislation on river and See Floods analyse made above.
watercourse management (if
relevant to the subject country)? If
so, what institution has
responsibility?
160. Does the above mandate include No information
river management from the
perspective of natural disaster risk
reduction, such as:
a) Riverbed management relevant to
flood prevention and mitigation?
b) Water storage and distribution
89
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
for human, agricultural and

industrial consumption in rural
areas?
Describe the scope.
161. Does the law recognize customary No information
laws and practices as to the use and
management of rivers and their
resources?
162. Does the law provide for use, No information
conservation or management of
rivers and their resources by
communities?
D. Drought and food security
163. Is there any legislation providing for See Drought and food security analyse made above.
risk reduction and prevention
measures relating to drought (if
relevant)? If so, does this include
any institutional mandate or
responsibility to protect people,
livestock or crops in the face of
drought?
164. Does the above mandate include No information
the construction and maintenance
90
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
of water reserves, including against

the risk of drought?
165. Is there any other legislation No information
relevant to risk management to
maintain food security in the face of
natural disasters, including any
special measures to prevent
desertification (if relevant)?
4. Information management and exchange, community level DRR education & awareness
Most elements of information, education and awareness will normally be done through policy rather than law, but the legal framework may require public
institutions to make DRR information available to the public and/or to carry out public and school education and awareness on reducing risk from natural
disasters. For example, there could be a Ministerial directive under the Education Act requiring the inclusion of DRR in the school curriculum. [If this requires
repetition of information given above, please note ‘see above’ and refer to the relevant question number.]
4. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND EXCHANGE, COMMUINITY LEVEL EDUCATION & AWARENESS
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
91
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
166. Is there a law that regulates the No.

seismological, meteorological and
climatic data relevant to natural
disasters?
a) If so, what does it require and who
is responsible for this, and under
what law?
b) Does it provide for community
level access to the data?
167. Is there a law that regulates the No.
collection and publication of baseline
population data, especially in high
risk areas?
a) If so, what does it require and who
is responsible for this, and under
what law?
b) Does it provide for community
level access to the data?
92
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
168. Does the education law or Could not find the education law.
regulations require inclusion of DRR
Presidential Decree Section This legal instrument refers the importance of the incorporation of the
awareness in the school curriculum?
No.103/2011 to establish IV Areas school curriculum of DDR awareness and for the population in general.
Does this law or another law such as
the National Strategic of
the DM law also require community
Plan for Disaster Action
DRR education?
Management
Yes. It refers as a competence of this Commission the promotion at

Presidential Decree No. the education level, the diffusion of practical and theoretical
101/11 of May 23, Article 7 knowledge about the nature of risks and the ways in each one can
Regulations on the NCCP contribute to limit the effects of natural disasters.
para. 2
b)
93
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
169. If there is a national disaster Presidential Decree It is mentioned, generally, that the promotion of the information of
management policy, does this No.205/10 the population via actions of awareness with the aim of preparing
require any public authorities to them to auto-protect themselves (within the structures of response to
Approval of the National disasters of the Plan) is one of the main objectives and strategies.
conduct public education and
awareness on DRR?
a) If so, which authorities and what and Recovering from
are they required to do? Calamities and Natural See Q. 169.
b) In particular does it require DRR Disasters 2009-2014
education in schools?
Presidential Decree No.

This article prescribes the need of training programs of the organisms
101/11 of May 23, Article 7
and structures that are part of the NSCP.
Regulations on the NCCP
para. 2
c)
170. If the above law or the national Presidential Decree See Q.170.
disaster management policy requires No.205/10
Community participation, not explicitly mentioned.
public education, does this provide
for community level DRR awareness?
If so, does this make any provision
for community participation in the See Q.169.
and Recovering from
development and delivery of public
education and awareness
Disasters 2009-2014
campaigns?
94
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
171. Does legislation provide for any No. But the actions of the Red Cross are only generally mentioned in
designated role for the Red Cross or this legal instrument. For more details see Q 14.
Red Crescent National Society as an
auxiliary to government in DRR
education and awareness at
community level?
172. Does legislation provide for any No. The role of Civil Society is only generally mentioned in this legal
designated role for Civil Society in instrument, see Q. 13.
DRR education and awareness at
community level?
95
paras. extracts)
of law / regulation
173. Does any law provide for community- Presidential Decree a) Very broadly mentioned in these legal instruments.
level results in DRR, such as: No.103/2011 to establish
b) No.
the National Strategic
a) Natural disaster warnings that c) See Q. 132 and 135.
Plan for Disaster
extend to community level?
Management d) No.
b) Implementation of incentives to
carry out community based DRR,
or disincentives to ignore or
increase risks from natural Presidential Decree
disasters? No.205/10
c) Community involvement in land- Approval of the National
use and urban planning? Plan of Preparation,
d) Community involvement in and Contingency, Response
education concerning building and Recovering from
codes? Calamities and Natural
Disasters 2009-2014
96
Bibliography
Legislation
Legislation referred directly in the report

Constitution of the Republic of Angola of 1975, amended in January 21 of 2010. http://www.embangola-can.org/pdf/constituition.pdf
Constituição da República de Angola. http://www.comissaoconstitucional.ao/pdfs/constituicao-da-republica-de-angola.pdf.
Law of the National Assembly no. 17/10 of July 29 (in Portuguese: Lei nº 17/10 de 29 de Julho de 2010, Lei da Organização e Funcionamento dos Órgãos de
Administração do Estado).
http://cnsc2009forum.bligoo.com/media/users/7/399161/files/23110/Lei_da_Organiza_o_e_do_funcionamento_dos_rg_os_de_Administra_o_Local.pdf
Presidential Decree No.103/2011 to establish the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Management (in Portuguese: Decreto Presidencial nº 103/2011 de 23
de Maio - Plano Estratégico de Gestão do Risco Desastres). http://www.casacivilpr.ao/pt/documentos/4558a5766e0e89a35261fef1ad04c2c832c591a6.pdf
Presidential Decree No.205/10, Approval of the National Plan of Preparation, Contingency, Response and Recovering from Calamities and Natural Disasters
2009-2014 (in Portuguese: Decreto Presidencial nº 205/10 de 21 de Setembro). http://bibliotecaterra.angonet.org/sites/default/files/DE4B03~1.PDF
Law on Water no. 6/02 of July 21 (in Portuguese: L ei nº 6/02 de 21 de Junho, Lei das Águas). http://www.saflii.org/ao/legis/num_act/ld74.pdf
97
Organic Statute of the Ministry of Agriculture( in Portuguese: Estatuto Orgânico do Ministério da Agricultura, Desenvolvimento Rural e das Pescas).
http://www.minaderp.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=435
Executive Decree No. 52/06 of April 17 (in Portuguese: Decreto Executivo nº52/06 de Abril de 2007, Regulamento Interno da Direcção Nacional de
Agricultura, Pecuária e das Pescas). http://www.minaderp.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=346
General Telecommunications Law No. 08/01 of May 11. http://www.saflii.org/ao/legis/num_act/ldbdt223.pdf
Lei nº 8/01 de 11 de Maio, Lei de Bases das Telecomunicações. http://www.inacom.og.ao/legislacao/32.htm (pdf. not available)
Law on Territorial and Urban Planning No. 3/04 of June 25 (in Portuguese: Lei nº 3/04 de 25 de Junho, Lei de Ordenamento do Território e do Urbanismo).
Executive Decree No. 13/07 of February 26 General Regulation on Urban Buildings (in Portuguese: Decreto Executivo nº13/07 de 26 de Fevereiro,
Regulamento Geral das Edificações Urbanas.) http://www.minuc.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=343
Decree No. 80/06 of October 30 Regulation on Licensing Allotment, Urbanization and Construction Works (in Portuguese: Decreto nº80/06 de 30 de
Outubro Regulamento de Operações de Loteamento, Obras de Urbanização e Obras de Construção). http://www.minuc.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=365
Executive Decree No. 2/06 of January 23 General Regulation Territorial, Urban and Rural Plans (in Portuguese: Decreto Executivo nº 2/06 de 23 de Janeiro,
Regulamento Geral dos Planos Territoriais, Urbanísticos e Rurais). http://www.minuc.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=354
98
Law on Land No. 9/04 of November 9 (in Portuguese: Lei nº9/04 de 9 de Novembro, Lei das Terras).
http://www.ieham.org/html/docs/LEI_TERRAS_ANGOLA.pdf
Presidential -Decree No. 77/10 of May 24 Organic Statute of the Ministry of Energy and Water (in Portuguese: Decreto Presidencial nº77/20 de 24 de Maio,
Estatuto Orgânico do Ministério da Energia e das Águas). http://www.minerg.gv.ao/index.php?option=com_docman&Itemid=147&lang=pt&limitstart=5
Lei nº5/98 de 29 de Junho, Lei de Bases do Ambiente. http://www.saflii.org/ao/legis/num_act/ldbda149.pdf
Law No. 5/98 of June 29 Basic Law on Environment. http://www.arc-angola.com/downloads/General%20Environmental%20law%20%28GEL%29.pdf
Decree No. 51/04 of July 23 about the Environmental Impact Assessment. http://www.arc-angola.com/downloads/EIA%20Decree%2051-04.pdf
Decreto nº51/04 de 23 de Junho , Avaliação de Impacte Ambiental). http://www.minamb.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=322
Decree No. 00/07 of April 3014Preliminary Draft of the Law on Forests, Wild Fauna and Areas of Land Conservation (in Portuguese: Anteprojecto de lei das
Florestas, Fauna Selvagem e Áreas de Conservação Terrestre) http://www.minaderp.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=120
Presidential Decree No. 101/11 of May 23, Regulations on the NCCP (in Portuguese: Decreto Presidencial nº 101/11 de 23 de Maio, Regulamento da
Comissão Nacional de Protecção Civil). http://www.casacivilpr.ao/pt/documentos/3d1b524a5eefa172ca28df92f08598262fa5393f.pdf
14
I could not find the number of the law, but in this website - http://www.padoca.org/pag/lei-seg.htm - is referred as Decree No.00/07 of April 30.
99
Other legislation
Law No. 15/05 of December 7, Basic Law on Agriculture Development (in Portuguese: Lei nº15/05 de 7 de Dezembro, Lei de Bases do Desenvolvimento
Agrário). http://www.minaderp.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=82
ResolutionNo.14/07 of March 28, Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (in Portuguese: Resolução nº14/07 de 28
Março, Adesão o Protocolo de Kyoto à Convenção – Quadro das Nações Unidas Sobre as Alterações Climáticas).
http://www.minamb.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=344
Legislative Decree No. 4/09 of May 18, Organic Statute of the Ministry of Environment (in Portuguese: Decreto Legislativo nº4/09 de 18 de Maio, Estatuto
Orgânico do Ministério do Ambiente) http://www.minamb.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=391
Decree No. 59/07 of July 13, about Enviromental Licensing (in Portuguese: Decreto nº 59/07 de 13 de Julho, Sobre o Licenciamento Ambiental).
http://www.minamb.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=321
Organinc Statute of the Ministry of Interior (in Portuguese: Estatuto Orgânico do Ministério do Interior).
http://www.minint.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=173
Law-Decree No. 10/02 August 30, Organic Statute of the Ministry of Geology and Mines (in Portuguese: Decreto-Lei 10/02 De 30 de Agosto, Estatuto
Orgânico do Ministério de Geologia e Minas). http://www.mingmi.gov.ao/VerLegislacao.aspx?id=178
100
Secondary Sources
Newspapers articles
‘Plano Integrado reduz desastres’, Angola 24, 28 de Abril de 2011. http://www.angola24.net/ver-noticia/plano-integrado-reduz-desastres
‘Ministério do Interior lança manual para prevenir desastres nas escolas’, Jornal de Angola,30 de Junho de 2012.
http://jornaldeangola.sapo.ao/18/0/ministerio_do_interior_lanca_manual_para_prevenir_desastres_nas_escolas
‘Centro de Ecologia Tropical e Alterações Climáticas pode ser inaugurado este ano ‘, Agência Angola Press, 9 de Julho de 2012.
http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/pt_pt/noticias/ambiente/2012/6/29/Centro-Ecologia-Tropical-Alteracoes-Climaticas-pode-ser-inaugurado-este-
ano,3c2e6111-d9a4-4da9-8d8f-1e3d235d5f51.html
‘Ministra inaugura 1º Centro de Ecologia e Alterações Climáticas’, Agência Angola Press, 24 de Agosto de 2012.
http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/pt_pt/noticias/ambiente/2012/7/34/Ministra-inaugura-Centro-Ecologia-Alteracoes-Climaticas,78de9145-6178-4257-
9237-1597bd7e6f1a.html
Reports
Ministério do Ambiente e Urbanismo, Relatório do Estado Geral do Ambiente em Angola, Governo de Angola,2006.
http://www.ecolex.org/server2.php/libcat/docs/LI/MON-083704.pdf
101
African Union Commission and United Nations African Union Commission International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, ‘Extended Programme of Action for
the Implementation of the Africa Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (2006 - 2015) and Declaration of the 2nd African Ministerial Conference on
Disaster Risk Reduction 2010’, printed by AUC Publishing and Production Plant. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/19613_bookletpoaenglish.pdf
General Eugenio Laborinho, ‘Interim national progress report on the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action’, National Commission for Civil
Protection, December 9, 2008. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/7434_Angola.pdf
Comissão Nacional de Protecção Civil, Apresentação do Plano de Contingência e Resposta de Desastres 2009-2010, República de Angola, Disaster Risk
Reduction Pre-Season preparedness and Planning Workshop, 05-08 October, 2010 - Boipuso Hall, Fairground Holdings Gaborone, Botswana.
http://www.google.pt/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CB0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fochaonline.un.org%2FOchaLinkClick.aspx%3Fl
ink%3Docha%26docId%3D1175809&ei=-vp3UL2QDsu4hAe4SA&usg=AFQjCNE9gJvpyFYw-PQ46RSY9FeyFsXSUw&sig2=rFxXrI1IXYfPxW-IUtfSPA
National Report in preparation for WCDR (2004), Governo de Angola. http://www.preventionweb.net/files/822_Angola-report.pdf

República de Angola, Relatório sobre a Implementação da Carta Africana e dos Direitos do Homem e dos Povos, Luanda Dezembro de 2010.
http://www.achpr.org/files/sessions/51st/state-reports/5th-2007-2010/staterep_angola_2010_por.pdf
Articles
Conor Foley, ‘Land rights in Angola: poverty and plenty’, HPG Working Paper, November 2007. http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/4170.pdf
Robien Nielsen,’Strengthening Land and Property Rights in Angola: Law Land and Policy: overview of legal framework), US AID, May 31 2007.
http://www.sarpn.org/documents/d0002878/Property_rights_Angola_May2007.pdf
102

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Background Report

© International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, 2012.

Summary of the main conclusions of this report:

 Government acknowledges and addresses DRR creating the NPPCRRCND

 Wide range of lacunae concerning DRR in the legislation, in general

 Inexistence of a DM specialized institution

 Participation of the communities and education in DRR very poorly regulated

 Lack of available legislation online, in general

DRR Disaster Risk Reduction

 Reduce the underlying risk factors

 Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.

i. The legislative power

ii. The executive power

iii. The judicial power

Legal documents include:

1) Laws, Organic Law, Basic Laws, Laws of Legislative Authorization, Resolutions

3) Regulations, Decisions, Ordinance

1. Background information ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13

Angola has 18 Provinces, 163 Municipalities and 532 Communes.

Article 4 And by delegating powers to the provincial and local governments.

2. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS, RESOURCING AND COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DRR

Part One. Disaster Management Law & Institutions

A. Disaster Management Institutions

Disaster Management It identifies natural disaster prevention, response and solutions

Basic Law of Civil

Defines the main lines of action for Disaster Management in an

Some examples of the proposed initiatives are:

 Promotion and support to the development sectors to

It reflects the National Strategic Plan for Disaster Management, i.e.

Approval of the National

8. Are there separate provincial or No.

Approval of the National e) No, it does not include a definition of DRR.

of preparation and response

For more details on the allocated roles of the ministries see

14. Does the DM law or policy prescribe Presidential Decree Yes.

Prescribes the need to develop direct actions (regarding early

and disaster risk reduction.

designated roles in DRR?

23. Is there a budget allocated to DRR No.

A. Constitutional Rights & Guarantees for the Population

poorest people cannot access the

It does not address failure to prevent natural disasters directly.

seek redress? Are these individual

3. Early warning and reduction of underlying risk factors through regulation

3. EARLY WARNING AND REDUCTION OF UNDERLYING RISK FACTORS THROUGH REGULATION

33. Is there a specific law about this No.

warnings of this risk?

c) Vulnerable groups, including

40. Is there a specific law about this No.

and distribution of information on

community involvement in EWS?

47. Is there a specific law about this No.

participation or a voice for all parts

radio or internet access to

There is no specific mention to the management of the risk of

57. Does this law regulate the collection No.

a) Assist in the design of local and

61. Is there a specific law about this No.

a) failure to warn, or false or faulty

68. Describe form of regulation, and No.

69. Is there a specific law about this No.

Executive Decree No. Articles 2, 6,

70. Does this law specify how No.