Exercise 7D

1 θ= t 2 − 3t dA
6 b = 80 − 4 y
dθ dy
= 2t − 3
dt dA
Putting = 0 for maximum area:
dy
2 A= 2πr 80 − 4y = 0
dA y = 20
= 2π
dr Substituting in (1): x = 40
So area = 40 m × 20 m = 800 m2
12
3 r
= = 12t −1
t 7 a Total surface area = 2πrh + 2πr2
dr 12 2πrh + 2πr2 = 600π
=−12t −2 =− 2 rh = 300 − r2
dt t
When t = 3, Volume = πr2h = πr(rh) = πr(300 − r2)
dr 12 12 4 So V = 300πr − πr3
=− 2 = − = −
dt 3 9 3
dV
b For maximum volume, =0
4 A= 4πr 2
dr
dV
dA = 300π − 3πr 2
= 8πr dr
dr
300π − 3πr2 = 0
When r = 6,
r2 = 100
dA
= 8π × 6 r = 10
dr Substituting r = 10 into V gives:
= 48π V = 300π × 10 − π × 103 = 2000π
Maximum volume = 2000π cm3
5 s= t 2 + 8t
ds
= 2t + 8
dt
When t = 5,
ds
= 2×5 +8 =
18
dt

6 a

Let the width of the garden be x m.

Then x + 2y = 80
x = 80 − 2y (1)
Area A = xy
= y(80 − 2y)
= 80y − 2y2

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8 a 9 a

Let the rectangle have dimensions 2r by

x cm.
Let angle MON = θ radians Perimeter of figure = (2r + 2x + πr) cm
Then perimeter P = 2r + rθ (1) Perimeter = 40 cm, so
1 2r + 2x + πr = 40
and area A = r 2θ 40 − π r − 2r
2 x=
Area = 100 cm2 2
1 2 Area = rectangle + semicircle
r θ = 100 1
2 = 2rx + πr 2
200 2
rθ =
r 40 − π r − 2r
Substituting x = :
Substituting into (1) gives: 2
200 1
P= 2r + (2) =A r ( 40 − πr − 2r ) + πr 2
r 2
1
= 40r − 2r 2 − πr 2
Since area of circle > area of sector 2
πr2 > 100
100 dA
r> b For maximum area, = 0:
π dr
dA
= 40 − 4r − πr
dP dr
b For minimum perimeter, =0
dr 40 − 4r − πr = 0
dP 200
= 2− 2 40
dr r r=
200 4+π
2− 2 = 0 40
r When r = ,
r2 = 100 4+π
r = 10 40  40  1  40 
2 2

Substituting into (2) gives: A = 40 × − 2  − π 

4+π 4+ π 2 4+ π
200
P = 20 + = 40 2
10 1600  1   40 
= −  2 + π 
Minimum perimeter = 40 cm 4+π  2  4 + π 
1600 4 + π 1600
= − ×
4+π 2 (4 + π)2
1600 800
= −
4+π 4+π
800
=
4+π
800
So maximum area =  cm2
4+π

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2
10 a Total length of wire = (18x + 14y) mm
Length = 1512 mm, so
18x + 14y = 1512
1512 − 18 x
y=
14
Total area A mm2 is given by:
A = 2y × 6x
1512 − 18 x
Substituting y = :
14
 1512 − 18 x 
A = 12 x  
 14 
108 2
= 1296 x − x
7
dA
b For maximum area = 0:
dx

dA 216
= 1296 − x
dx 7
216
1296 − x= 0
7
7 × 1296
= x = 42
216
When x = 42,
108
A = 1296 × 42 − × 422
7
= 27 216
Maximum area = 27 216 mm2
d2 A 216
(Check: 2
= − < 0 ∴ maximum)
dx 7

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3