API Storage Tank Design Load Calculation (API 650 10th edition)

Design Data

Tank diameter (D) 8.70 m

Tank height (H) 9.00 m

5 courses of 1.8 -m flange height >= 1.8 m (Section 3.6.1.2)

Nominal capacity Vnom = 500 m3

Specific gravity of content G 1.00

Unit weight of steel gS = 77 kN / m3

Minimum Live Load 1.2 kPa (Section 3.10.2.1)

Mean windspeed V = 250 kph

Design temperature Td = 150 OC (max)

Maximum internal pressure pi = 20 mbar 2.00 kPa < 18 kPa (Appendix F)
Minimum pressure (vacuum) -6 mbar -0.60 kPa

Maximum test pressure pt = 23 mbar 2.30 kPa (Guide to Storage Tanks and Equipment Section 12.10.4)

Supported cone roof slope y= 1 vertical

x= 5 horizontal > 0.063 (Section 3.10.4.1)

Minimum yield strength of materials S1 = 36 ksi 248 MPa (ASTM A 36, Table 3-2)

Allowable tensile strength Sts = 58 ksi 400 MPa (ASTM A 36, Table 3-2)

Maximum product design stress Sd = 23.2 ksi 160 MPa (ASTM A 36, Table 3-2)
Design basis is lesser between (2/3)S1 and (2/5)Sts 160 MPa (Section 3.6.2.1)

Maximum hydrostatic test stress St = 24.9 ksi 172 MPa (ASTM A 36, Table 3-2)
Design basis is lesser between (3/4)S1 and (3/7)Sts 172 MPa (Section 3.6.2.2)

Height of liquid hL = Vnom / [(p/4)D2] 8.41 m

B. Plate Thickness Design Calculation

B.1. Shell (1-Foot Method)

Nominal tank diameter D = 8.70 m

Design liquid level H = 8.41 m
Design specific gravity G = 1.00
Corrosion allowance CA = 0 mm
Product design stress Sd = 160 MPa
Hydrostatic test stress St = 172 MPa

Required minimum thickness is the larger between design shell thickness (td) and hydrostatic test shell thickness (tt). (Section 3.6.3.2)

td = [4.9D (H - 0.3) G / Sd] + CA tt = [4.9D (H - 0.3) / St]

but shall not be less than 5 mm (Section 3.6.1.1)

Course H - 0.3 (m) td (mm) tt (mm) Final t (mm)

1 0.91 0.24 0.23 8

2 2.71 0.72 0.67 8
3 4.51 1.20 1.12 8
4 6.31 1.68 1.57 8
5 8.11 2.16 2.01 8

Roof Plate

Minimum roof plate thickness (th) 6 >= 5 mm (Section 3.10.2.2)

Bottom Plate

Design bottom plate thickness (tb) 9 mm >= 6 mm (Section 3.4.1)

B.4 Annular

Design annular bottom plate thickness (tab) 8 mm >= 6 mm (Table 3-1)

with 5236 mm flange width (wf)
1800 mm course width (cw)
Projection outside the shell 75 mm >= 50 mm (Section 3.5.2)

Required annular bottom plate width wab req = 210 tab / (HG)0.5 579.28 mm (Section 3.5.2)

Lap width from annular bottom to bottom plate 50 mm

Net radial width wnet = cw - projection - tmax - lap width #REF! mm #REF! 579.28 mm
SEISMIC LOAD (API 650 10th edition, Appendix E)

Design Data

Diameter of tank D = 8.70 m

Height of tank Hmax = 9.00 m
Maximum liquid level H = 8.41 m
Unit weight of steel gS = 77 kN/m3
Minimum specified yield strength of bottom plate under the shell Fby = 248 MPa
Minimum roof plate thickness th = 6 mm
Thickness at the bottom plate of the shell tb = 9 mm
Thickness at the bottom course of the shell tbc = 8 mm
Unit weight of water gw = 9.81 kN/m3
Specific gravity of content G = 1.00
Internal design pressure p = 2000 Pa

Seismic zone factor Z = 0.4 (Table E-1 and Table E-2)

Importance factor I = 1.00
Site coefficient S = 1 (Table E-3)

Lateral earthquake force coefficient ratio C1 = 0.6 (Appendix E.3.3.1)

k for the ratio (D / H) = 1.03: 0.59 (Figure E-4)

Natural period of the first sloshing method T = 1.81 k (D)0.5 3.15 (Appendix E.3.3.2)
Lateral earthquake force coefficient ratio (C2)
(When T < 4.5, C2 = 0.75 S / T; when T > 4.5, C2 = 3.375 S / T2) 0.24 (Appendix E.3.3.2)

Ratio W1 / WT for the ratio (D / H) = 1.03 0.80 (Figure E-2)

Effective mass weight of content that moves in unison with tank shell W1 = WT (W1/WT)

Ratio W2 / WT for the ratio (D / H) = 1.03 0.25 (Figure E-2)

Effective mass weight of content that moves in first sloshing mode W2 = WT (W2/WT)

Ratio X1 / H for the ratio (D / H) = 1.03 0.40 (Figure E-3)

Height from bottom of tank shell to the centroid of lateral force X1 = H (X1 / H)

Ratio X2 / H for the ratio (D / H) = 1.03 0.75 (Figure E-3)

Height from bottom of tank shell to the centroid of lateral force X2 = H (X2 / H)

Dry weight from vendor data WD = 265 kN

Bottom plate weight Wbp = gs (p / 4)(D + 2tbc + 0.2)2 tb 43.27 kN

NOTE: Projection width outside tank shell for bottom plate is assumed as 100 mm.
 Height from
Shell thickness t Tank shell weight bottom of tank
Course H (m) WS XS
(mm) WS = gs pDHt shell to its center
of gravity XS (m)

1 8 1.800 30.31 8.10 245.48

2 8 1.800 30.31 6.30 190.93
3 8 1.800 30.31 4.50 136.38
4 8 1.800 30.31 2.70 81.83
5 8 1.800 30.31 0.90 27.28
TOTAL 151.53 681.88

Height from shell bottom to shell specific gravity Xs = S WSXS / SWS 4.50 m (Appendix E.3.1)

Total weight of tank roof Wr = WD - SWS - Wbp 70.20 kN (Appendix E.3.1)

Total height of tank shell Ht = 9.00 m (Appendix E.3.1)

Total weight of content WT = gW G H (p / 4) D2 4905.00 kN (Appendix E.3.1)

Effective mass of tank contents moving in unison with tank shell W1 = 3924.00 kN (Appendix E.3.1)

Height X1 from bottom of tank shell to lateral centroid of W1 = 3.36 m (Appendix E.3.1)

Effective mass of tank contents moving in unison in first sloshing mode W2 = 1226.25 kN (Appendix E.3.1)

Height X2 from bottom of tank shell to lateral centroid of W2 = 6.31 m (Appendix E.3.1)

Overturning moment due to seismic force at the bottom of the shell (Appendix E.3.1)
Design empty seismic load Me = ZI [(C1WSXS) + (C1WrHt)] 315 kN-m

Design operating seismic load Mo = ZI [(C1WSXS) + (C1WrHt) + (C1W1X1) + (C2W2X2)] 4220 kN-m

Seismic Base Shear

Design empty seismic load Ve = ZI [(C1WS) + (C1Wr)] 53 kN

Design operating seismic load Vo = ZI [(C1WS) + (C1Wr) + (C1W1) + (C2W2)] 1112 kN

WIND LOAD (API 650 10th edition)

Design Data

Diameter of tank D = 8.70 m

Tank height H = 9.00 m

Dry weight from vendor data WD = 265 kN

Soil coefficient of friction m = 0.4

Projected area AP = DH 78.30 m2

Design wind velocity V = 250 kph

Wind pressure on projected area of cylindrical surface qP = 0.86 (V/160)2 2.10 kPa (Section 3.11.1)
Design wind load W = qP AP 164.40 kN

Wind uplift qU = 1.4 (V/190)2 2.42 kPa (Section 3.11.1)

Uplift due to wind pressure acting on roof WU = qU (p/4) D2 < WD 144.09 kN < 265 kN (OK)

Uplift due to internal pressure pi = 2.00 kPa < 18 kPa

Uplift due to internal pressure acting on roof PI = pi (p/4) D2 < WD 118.89 kN < 265 kN (OK)

Wind Stability Check

Righting moment RM = WD (D / 2) 1152.75 kN-m

Overturning moment OM = W (H / 2) 739.80 kN-m

Factor of safety against overturning = RM / OM 1.56 < 2.0 (NG)

Normal force N = m WD 106.00 kN

Factor of safety against sliding = N / W 0.64 < 1.5 (NG)

Design of Concrete Ringwall Foundation

Tank Data

Tank Diameter D = 8.70 m

Tank Height H = 9.00 m

Material Properties

Specified concrete compressive strength f'c = 21 MPa

Concrete unit weight gc = 24 kN / m3
Vertical Rebar diameter dbv = 16 mm
Horizontal Rebar diameter dbh = 16 mm
Specified reinforcement yield strength fy = 420 MPa
Product unit weight gp = 9.81 kN / m3

Soil Properties

Soil unit weight gso = 18 kN / m3

Soil bearing capacity q = 150 kPa
Angle of internal friction f = 30 O (Unless otherwise specified)
Soil coefficient of friction m = 0.4
Passive soil pressure coefficient Kp = (1 + sin f) / (1 - sin f) 3
Active soil pressure coefficient Ka = (1 - sin f) / (1 + sin f) 0.33

Ringwall Cross-Section

Effective length factor k = 0.80 (Restrained against rotation at one or both ends)
Ringwall width b = 1.70 m
Height above finished grade h1 = 0.50 m
Embedment below finished grade h2 = 1.50 m
Total ringwall depth h = h1 + h2 2.00 m
Concrete cover c = 75 mm

Ringwall outside diameter Drwo = D + b 10.4 m

Ringwall inside diameter Drwi = D - b 7m

Ringwall plan area Arw = (p/4) (Drwo2 - Drwi2) 46.46 m2

Soil plan area Aso = (p/4) Drwi2 38.48 m2
Tank bottom area AT = (p/4) D2 59.45 m2
Ringwall section modulus Srw = (p / 32) (D rwo
4
- Drwi ) / Drwo
4 87.77 m3

Ringwall footing weight Wrwf = gc Arw h 2230.28 kN

% of load transferred to ringwall crw = (AT - Aso) / AT 35.26 %

% of load transferred to soil 100 - crw = 64.74 %
 Vertical on ring Vertical on soil Horizontal
Moment Mrw
Primary Loads Vrw Vso HT
(kN-m)
(kN) (kN) (kN)

Dead Load DL = 265

Roof Live Load Lr = (1.2 kPa)(p / 4)D2 71
Fluid Load F = 1730 3175
Hydrostatic Test Ht = 1851 3398
Wind Load W = 164 1069
Earthquake Load (empty) Ee = 53 422
Earthquake Load (operating) Eo = 1112 6444
Internal Pressure Pi = -119
Test Pressure Pt = -137
NOTE: Unless specified from vendor data, the ratio of operating pressure to design pressure is assumed as 0.4 in Load Combinations (3), (4), (8), and (9)

Check for Soil Pressure

qmax = (VrwT / Arw) + (M / Srw) < q

qmin = (VrwT / Arw) + (M / Srw) > 0
If qmin < 0, qmax = (2/3) VrwT / {[(Drwo / 2) - e](p Drwo / 2)} , qmin = 0
qso = (Vso / Aso) < q

e = VrwT / MrwT
Vertical VrwT Moment MrwT qmax qmin q
Service Load Combinations (Appendix R.1) qso (kPa)
(kN) (kN-m) (kPa) (kPa) (kPa)
(m)
1) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Pi 4106 88.37 88.37 82.51 150 (OK)
2) (DL + Wrwf) + Ht + Pt 4209 90.59 90.59 88.29 150 (OK)
3) (DL + Wrwf) + W + 0.4Pi 2448 1069 64.86 40.50 200 0.44 (OK)

4) (DL + Wrwf) + Lr 2567 55.24 55.24 150 (OK)

5) (DL + Wrwf) + Eo 2495 422 58.51 48.90 200 0.17 (OK)

6) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Eo + 0.4Pi 4177 6444 163.32 16.48 82.51 200 1.54 (OK)

NOTE: Unless specified from vendor data, the ratio of operating pressure to design pressure is assumed as 0.4 in Load Combinations (3), (4), (8), and (9)

Check for Overturning

RM = [V (Drwo / 2)] + Fp (h / 3)
FOS = RM / OM
Passive soil pressure Fp = Kp gso h2 / 2 108 kN

Righting
Overturning
Vertical Moment
Moment arm Moment
V RM
Service Load Combinations (Appendix R.1) Drwo / 2 OM FOS
(m)
(kN)
(kN-m)
1) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Pi (kN-m)
2) (DL + Wrwf) + Ht + Pt
3) (DL + Wrwf) + W + 0.4Pi 2448 5.20 12800 1069 11.98 > 2.00 (OK)

4) (DL + Wrwf) + Lr
5) (DL + Wrwf) + Eo 2495 5.20 13047 422 30.94 > 2.00 (OK)

6) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Eo + 0.4Pi 4177 5.20 21794 6444 3.38 > 2.00 (OK)

NOTE: Unless specified from vendor data, the ratio of operating pressure to design pressure is assumed as 0.4 in Load Combinations (3), (4), (8), and (9)

Passive soil pressure Fp = Kp gso h22 / 2 60.75 kN

Check for Sliding

N = m VrwT
FOS = N / H
NOTE: Vertical Loads due to Wind or Earthquake is not added here because they don't contribute to counteract sliding.

Normal Horizontal
N H
Service Load Combinations (Appendix R.1) FOS
(kN) (kN)
1) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Pi
2) (DL + Wrwf) + Ht + Pt
3) (DL + Wrwf) + W + 0.4Pi 1087 164 6.61 > 1.50 (OK)

4) (DL + Wrwf) + Lr
5) (DL + Wrwf) + Eo 1106 53 20.79 > 1.50 (OK)

6) (DL + Wrwf) + F + Eo + 0.4Pi 1779 1112 1.60 > 1.50 (OK)

NOTE: Unless specified from vendor data, the ratio of operating pressure to design pressure is assumed as 0.4 in Load Combinations (3), (4), (8), and (9)

Design of Ringwall Reinforcement (ACI Section 14.3)

Surcharge pressure Fs = 1.6 Ka qso h

Active soil pressure Fa = 1.6 (Ka gso h)(h / 2)
Total soil horizontal load F = Fs + Fa
Hoop tension Th = (1/2) F Drwi

Vertical on ring
Fs Fa F Th
Factored Load Combinations (ACI Section 9.2.1) VUrw
(kN / m) (kN / m) (kN) (kN)
(kN)
1) 1.4[(DL + Wrwf) + F + Pi] 5748 88 19 107 375
2) 1.4[(DL + Wrwf) + Ht + Pt] 5893 94 19 113 397
3) 0.9[(DL + Wrwf) + Pi] + W 2139 19 19 67

4) 1.2(DL + Wrwf) + 0.5Lr 3108 19 19 67

5) 0.9(DL + Wrwf) + Eo 2246 19 19 67

6) 0.9[(DL + Wrwf) + F + Pi] + Eo 3695 88 19 107 375

Maximum hoop tension Thmax = 397 kN

Reinforcement area to resist hoop tension A st = Thmax / fy 945 mm2

Minimum horizontal reinforcement Ashmin = 0.0025 b h 8500 mm2 > 945 mm2

Required number of reinforcements nh = 4 Ash / (p dbh2) 44 or 22 per side

Minimum vertical reinforcement Asvmin = 0.0015 b 2550 mm2 / m

Required reinforcement spacing sv = 1000 (p / 4) dbv2 / Asv 79 mm < 5100 mm

< 450 mm

Spacing sh = (h - 2c - nh db)/(nh - 1) 71 mm < 5100 mm

< 450 mm

(Horizontal and vertical reinforcement spacing is OK)

Check for Design Axial Strength (ACI Section 14.5.2)

fPn = 0.55 (0.70) f'c Ag {1 + [k h / (32 b)]2} > max(VUrw) 27513 kN > 5893 kN (OK)
Sketch

Summary

Ringwall plan:
Drwo = 10400 mm, Drwi = 7000 mm.

Ringwall section:
b = 1700 mm, h = 2000 mm.
h1 = 500 mm, h2 = 1500 mm.

Ringwall reinforcements:
Horizontal: 22 - 16-mm @ each face.
Vertical: 16-mm @ 71 mm each face.
DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS (AISC STANDARDS)

E= 200000 MPa (Modulus of elasticity of structural steel)

Fy = 248 MPa 36 ksi (Yield stress of structural steel)
t12 = 12 mm (Thickness of gusset plate; spacing of back-to-back angle sections)
t6 = 6 mm (Thickness of gusset plate; spacing of L 70 X 70 X 6)
f= 20 mm
20-mm bolt capacity (double shear) 31.80 kips (AISC-ASD, p. 4-5, Table I-D)
Bearing of bolt and gusset plate F12 = 0.75(1.8) Fy t12 f 18.08 kips (AISC-LRFD, p. 6-89, Section J.8)
Bearing of bolt and gusset plate F6 = 0.75(1.8) Fy t6 f 9.04 kips (AISC-LRFD, p. 6-89, Section J.8)

For back-to-back angles spaced "t" mm apart:

AT = 2 A (Total area)
IxT = 2 IX (Total moment of inertia about strong axis for top chord of the truss, back-to-back angles)
IxT = 2 ( IX + Ay2 ) (Total moment of inertia about strong axis for other members of the truss, cross angles)
IyT = 2 { IY + A[x + (t / 2)]2 } (Total moment of inertia about weak axis, back-to-back or cross angles)
rmin = [(Minimum of IXT and IYT) / AT]1/2 (Minimum radius of gyration)

For compression members: (Section 3.10.3.3)

CC = (2 p2 E / Fy)1/2 126.17 (Inelastic buckling)

A.1. Main members (L / rmin < 180)

If L / rmin < CC If L / rmin > CC (Slenderness ratio)

FS = (5/3) + (3/8)[(L/rmin)/CC] - (1/8)[(L/rmin)/CC]3 (Factor of safety)

Fa = (1 - {(1/2)[(L / r)/CC]2}) (Fy / FS) Fa = (12/23) p2 E / (L / rmin)2 (Allowable compressive stress)
FA = A Fa (Allowable compressive force)

A.2. Secondary / bracing members (L / rmin < 200)

If L / rmin < CC If L / rmin > CC (Slenderness ratio)

FS = (5/3) + (3/8)[(L/rmin)/CC] - (1/8)[(L/rmin)/CC] 3

(Factor of safety)
Fa = (1 - {(1/2)[(L / r)/CC]2}) (Fy / FS) / [1.6 - (0.005L / rmin)] Fa = [(12/23) p2 E / (L / rmin)2 ] / (1.6 -0.005L / rmin) (Allowable compressive stress)
FA = A Fa (Allowable compressive force)

For tension members: (Section 3.10.3.3)

B.1. Main members (L / rmin < 300)

B.2. Secondary / bracing members (L / rmin < 300)

Roof Truss Reactions Member properties Design stress check Axial load check Slenderness ratio check
Number
Length Height Thickness Maximum (L / rmin) Result
Type Beam L/C Node Axial Force kN Shear-Y kN Shear-Z kN Torsion kNm Moment-Y kNm Moment-Z kNm C or T L (mm) Quantity Area (mm2) Ix (mm4) y (mm) Iy (mm4) x (mm) AT IxT IyT rmin L / rmin CC FS Fa Smin Fa / Smin Axial FA Axial / FA (L / rmin) of bolts
(mm) (mm) (mm) L / rmin ratio

1 1 1 17 0.201 0 0 0 0.076 3399 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 72.41 < 126.17 1.86 111.48 < 160.00 0.70 17 < 647 0.03 126.17 < 180 0.70 OK 0.21
C
3 -17 -0.201 0 0 0 0.608
0.22
2 1 3 35 -0.042 0 0 0 -0.506 3400 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 72.44 < 126.17 1.86 111.46 < 160.00 0.70 35 < 646 0.05 126.17 < 180 0.70 OK
C
4 -35 0.042 0 0 0 0.363
0.22
3 1 4 18 -0.013 0 0 0 -0.365 3399 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 72.41 < 126.17 1.86 111.48 < 160.00 0.70 18 < 647 0.03 126.17 < 180 0.70 OK
TOP CHORD

C
5 -18 0.013 0 0 0 0.32
0.00
4 1 5 17 -0.061 0 0 0 -0.401 3399 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 72.41 < 126.17 1.86 111.48 < 160.00 0.70 17 < 647 0.03 126.17 < 180 0.70 OK
C
6 -17 0.061 0 0 0 0.194
0.03
5 1 6 -20 -0.19 0 0 0 -0.39 3400 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 20 < 863 0.02 72.44 < 180 0.40 OK
T
7 20 0.19 0 0 0 -0.255
0.58
6 1 7 -67 0.002 0 0 0 0.057 2634 2 150 150 10 2900 6.39E+06 39 6.39E+06 39 5800 1.28E+07 2.44E+07 46.94 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 67 < 863 0.08 56.12 < 180 0.31 OK
T
2 67 -0.002 0 0 0 -0.049 #REF!
7 1 1 -83 0.018 0 0 0 0.076 3769 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 83 < 311 0.27 103.16 < 300 0.34 OK 1.03
T
8 83 -0.018 0 0 0 -0.009
0.11
8 1 8 -74 -0.035 0 0 0 -0.026 3363 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 74 < 311 0.24 92.04 < 300 0.31 OK
T
10 74 0.035 0 0 0 -0.093
BOTTOM CHORD

0.22
9 1 10 -92 0.025 0 0 0 0.093 3362 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 92 < 311 0.30 92.02 < 300 0.31 OK
T
11 92 -0.025 0 0 0 -0.01
0.68
10 1 11 -37 0.048 0 0 0 0.116 3362 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 37 < 311 0.12 92.02 < 300 0.31 OK
T
12 37 -0.048 0 0 0 0.044
0.36
11 1 12 9 0.086 0 0 0 0.138 3363 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 92.04 < 126.17 1.89 96.21 < 160.00 0.60 9 < 201 0.04 126.17 < 300 0.42 OK
C
9 -9 -0.086 0 0 0 0.152
0.50
12 1 9 49 0.004 0 0 0 0.015 3333 2 90 90 6 1044 8.28E+05 23 8.28E+05 23 2088 2.79E+06 3.45E+06 36.54 91.22 < 126.17 #DIV/0! ### 160.00 #DIV/0! 49 ### #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 126.17 < 300 0.42 #DIV/0!
C
13 -49 -0.004 0 0 0 0
13 1 3 48 -0.036 0 0 0 -0.052 2427 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 85.46 < 126.17 1.88 86.60 < 160.00 0.54 48 < 139 0.35 126.17 < 200 0.63 OK 0.60
C
8 -48 0.036 0 0 0 -0.035
14 1 4 13 0.014 0 0 0 0.025 2653 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 93.41 < 126.17 1.89 83.92 < 160.00 0.52 13 < 135 0.10 126.17 < 200 0.63 OK 0.16
VERTICAL POST

C
10 -13 -0.014 0 0 0 0.013
15 1 5 21 0.055 0 0 0 0.081 2880 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 101.41 < 126.17 1.90 80.72 < 160.00 0.50 21 < 130 0.16 126.17 < 200 0.63 OK 0.26
C
11 -21 -0.055 0 0 0 0.077
16 1 6 45 0.093 0 0 0 0.147 3107 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 109.40 < 126.17 1.91 76.94 < 160.00 0.48 45 < 124 0.37 126.17 < 200 0.63 OK 0.57
C
12 -45 -0.093 0 0 0 0.141
17 1 7 49 0.082 0 0 0 0.147 3333 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 117.36 < 126.17 1.91 72.53 < 160.00 0.45 49 < 117 0.42 126.17 < 200 0.63 OK 0.61
C
9 -49 -0.082 0 0 0 0.126
18 1 3 -21 -0.016 0 0 0 -0.049 3881 2 80 80 6 924 5.75E+05 21 5.75E+05 21 1848 1.95E+06 2.48E+06 32.47 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 21 < 275 0.07 119.54 < 300 0.40 OK 0.26
T
10 21 0.016 0 0 0 -0.013
19 1 4 21 -0.004 0 0 0 -0.024 4001 2 80 80 6 924 5.75E+05 21 5.75E+05 21 1848 1.95E+06 2.48E+06 32.47 123.23 < 126.17 1.92 67.68 < 160.00 0.42 21 < 125 0.16 126.17 < 300 0.42 OK 0.26
DIAGONAL BRACE

C
11 -21 0.004 0 0 0 0.008
20 1 11 -54 0.014 0 0 0 0.022 4867 2 80 80 6 924 5.75E+05 21 5.75E+05 21 1848 1.95E+06 2.48E+06 32.47 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 54 < 275 0.20 149.91 < 200 0.75 OK 0.67
T
6 54 -0.014 0 0 0 0.049
21 1 12 -69 0.018 0 0 0 0.041 5035 2 80 80 6 924 5.75E+05 21 5.75E+05 21 1848 1.95E+06 2.48E+06 32.47 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 69 < 275 0.25 155.08 < 300 0.52 OK 0.85
T
7 69 -0.018 0 0 0 0.051
22 1 9 -63 -0.017 0 0 0 -0.04 5207 2 80 80 6 924 5.75E+05 21 5.75E+05 21 1848 1.95E+06 2.48E+06 32.47 148.80 < 160.00 0.93 63 < 275 0.23 160.38 < 300 0.53 OK 0.78
T
2 63 0.017 0 0 0 -0.049

Beam L/C Node Axial Force kN Shear-Y kN Shear-Z kN Torsion kNm Moment-Y kNm Moment-Z kNm
1 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0
2 0 3 0 0 0 0
2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0
3 0 3 0 0 0 0
3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
PURLIN 4

5 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 2653 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 93.41 < 126.17 1.89 83.92 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 135 0.02 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.06
C
4 -3 0 0 0 0 0
6 1 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 2653 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 7.59E+05 1.30E+06 21.73 122.08 < 126.17 1.92 69.56 ### #REF! #REF! 5 < 112 0.04 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.12
C
5 -5 0 0 0 0 0
7 1 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 2653 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 93.41 < 126.17 1.89 83.92 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 135 0.02 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.06
C
6 -3 0 0 0 0 0
8 1 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 3322 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.49E+06 28.40 116.97 < 126.17 1.91 72.76 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 117 0.03 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.08
C
2 -3 0 0 0 0 0
9 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 3322 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.49E+06 28.40 116.97 < 126.17 1.91 72.76 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 117 0.03 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.08
C
6 -3 0 0 0 0 0
Beam L/C Node Axial Force kN Shear-Y kN Shear-Z kN Torsion kNm Moment-Y kNm Moment-Z kNm
1 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0
2 0 3 0 0 0 0
2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0
3 0 3 0 0 0 0
3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
PURLIN 5

5 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 2427 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 85.46 < 126.17 1.88 86.60 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 139 0.02 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.08
C
4 -3 0 0 0 0 0
6 1 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 2427 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 7.59E+05 1.30E+06 21.73 111.68 < 126.17 1.91 75.75 ### #REF! #REF! 8 < 122 0.06 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.19
C
5 -8 0 0 0 0 0
7 1 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 2427 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.71E+06 28.40 85.46 < 126.17 1.88 86.60 ### #REF! #REF! 3 < 139 0.02 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.08
C
6 -3 0 0 0 0 0
8 1 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 3484 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.49E+06 28.40 122.68 < 126.17 1.92 69.16 ### #REF! #REF! 4 < 111 0.03 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.09
C
2 -4 0 0 0 0 0
9 1 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 3484 2 70 70 6 804 3.80E+05 18 3.80E+05 18 1608 1.30E+06 1.49E+06 28.40 122.68 < 126.17 1.92 69.16 ### #REF! #REF! 4 < 111 0.03 126.17 < 200 0.63 #REF! 0.09
C
6 -4 0 0 0 0 0
Investigation of Axially Loaded Steel Column

Column properties: Using AISC table

Coefficient K 1 (Rotation fixed, translation fixed)

Unsupported height L = 26 m
Section W12 X 65
Fy = 248 N / mm2
A= 19.1 in 2
12322.56 mm2
d= 12.12 in 307.85 mm
tw = 0.39 in 9.91 mm
bf = 12 in 304.80 mm
tf = 0.605 in 15.37 mm
Sx = 87.9 in3 1.44.E+06 mm3
rx = 5.28 in 134.11 mm
Sy = 29.1 in3 4.77.E+05 mm3
ry = 3.02 in 76.71 mm
Cc = (2 p2 E / Fy)1/2 126

Reaction loads

Axial Load P = 106.824 kN

Shear along Y-Y VY = 226 kN

KL / ry 338.95 > 126

FS = 23 / 12 1.92

Fa = (1 / FS) p2 E / (k L / r)2 8.96 MPa

fa = P / A 8.67 MPa < 8.96 MPa

Check for shear

Fv = 0.4 Fy 99.20 MPa

fVY = VY / (d tw) 74.11 MPa < 99.20 MPa

Provide W12 X 65 column section.

(OK!)

(OK!)
Design of Anchor Bolts and Base Ring

Reference: Megyesy, "Pressure Design Handbook (11th Ed)"

Diameter of anchor bolt d = 60.00 in

Ratio of modulus of elasticity of steel to concrete n = 10

Allowable compressive strength of concrete fc = 1200 psi

Allowable stress of base ring S = 15000 psi

Allowable tensile stress of anchor bolts Sa = 18000 psi

Weight of tank W = 36000 lb

Moment at the base M = 692100 lb-ft

Trial base ring width l = 8 in

Trial compressive stress at bolt circle fcb = 1000 psi

k = 1 / {1 + [Sa / (n fcb)]} 0.36

Constants from Table D: Cc 0.35 1.640

0.36 1.658
0.40 1.765

Ct 0.35 2.333
0.36 2.317
0.40 2.224

j 0.35 0.783
0.36 0.783
0.40 0.784

z 0.35 0.427
0.36 0.425
0.40 0.416

Check for trial fcb: fcb = fc [2kd / (2kd + l)] 1011 psi > 1000 psi (Considered OK)

Required area for anchor bolts: Bt = 2 p (12M - Wzd)/Ct Sa jD 23.68 in2

Number of bolts N 12

Required root area per bolt Bt / N 1.97 say 2 in

Use 12 - 2 in anchor bolts.

Tensile load on anchor bolts Ft = (M - Wzd)/jd 157193 lb

Ring thickness ts = Bt / p d 0.126 in

Tensile stress in anchor bolts Sa = Ft / (ts r Ct) 18000 psi < 18000 psi (Considered OK)

Base ring width l4 = l - ts 7.874 in

Compressive load on concrete Fc = Ft + W 193193 lb

Compressive stress on concrete fcb = Fc / [(l4 + nts)r Cc] 425 psi (Check for this compressive stress)

Then k = 1 / {1 + [Sa / (n fcb)]} 0.19

Constants from Table D: Cc 0.15 1.049

0.19 1.188
0.20 1.218

Ct 0.15 2.772
0.19 2.681
0.20 2.661

j 0.15 0.771
0.19 0.775
0.20 0.776

z 0.15 0.469
0.19 0.461
0.20 0.459

Tensile load on anchor bolts Ft = (M - Wzd)/jd 157179 lb

Tensile stress in anchor bolts Sa = Ft / (ts r Ct) 15560 psi

Compressive load on concrete Fc = Ft + W 193179 lb

Compressive stress on concrete fcb = Fc / [(l4 + nts)r Cc] 594 psi

Compressive stress on concrete at the outer edge of base ring fc = fcb [(2kd + l)/2kd] 801 psi

Compressive stress on anchor bolts Sa = n fcb 5936 psi

Cantilever width l1 = 6 in

Required thickness without gusset plates tB = l1 (3 fc / S)1/2 2.401 in

To decrease base ring thickness, use gusset plates Ngp = 24

b = p d / Ngp 7.85 in

l1 / b = 0.764
My
From table F, page 80: 0.667 0.227
0.764 0.196 fc l12 5636 psi
1.000 0.119

tB = (6 My / S)1/2 1.5015 say 1.5

Use 1.5-in thick base plate.