ADIGRAT UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS

DEPARTMENTE OF MANAGEMENT

THE ROLE OF NGO IN URBAN POVERITY REDUCTION

IN CASE OF WOREDA GANTAFESHUM

Prepared by;

1.Teklehaimanot birhane.........04837/09

2.Amare getie...........…..……….... 04048/09

3. Semhal demeke.…………..........05678/09
4.Birtukan abadi.. .....................04205/09
5.Eyasu fentie.............................04319/09
6.Almaz tesfaye..........................04033/09

7.Alemtera biria...........................04024/09
8.Metadel adamu .....................04637/09
18/09/2010E.C

Adigrat,Ethiopia
 ADIGRAT UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
THE ROLE OF NGO IN URBAN POVERTY REDUCTION
INCASE OF GANTAFESHUM WOREDA
A senior essay submitted to department of management of
Adigrat University for the partial fulfillment of the
requirements for bachelor of Art (B.A) IN Management
Prepared by;

1. Teklehaimanot birhane..........04837/09

2. Amare getie...........…..………......

3. Semhal demeke.…………............05678/09

4.Birtukan abadi.. .......................

5.Eyasu fentie..............................

6.Almaz tesfaye...........................

7.Alemtera. ....................................

8.Metadel ...........................................

ADVISOR ; AWET G/ALIF

18/09/2010E.C

Adigrat,Ethiopia
THE ROLE OF NGO IN URBAN POVERTY
REDUCTION IN CASE OF WOREDA
GANTAFESHUM
Prepared by ;
1.Teklehaimanot birhane..........04837/09
2.Amare getie...........…..………......

3. Semhal demeke.…………............05678/09

4.Birtukan abadi.. .......................

5.Eyasu fentie..............................

6.Almaz tesfaye...........................

7.Alemtera. ....................................

8.Metadel ...........................................

ADVISOR AWET G/ALIF

18/09/2010E.C

Adigrat,Ethiopia
ADVISIOR SIGNATURE DATE
---------- ------------- -- -------

18/09/2010E.C
Adigrat,Ethiopia
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Acknowledgment------------------------------------------------------------------------I

Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------II

Contents----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------III

List of tables ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------IV

Acronyms---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V

Introduction................................................................................1

1.1 Back ground of the study......................................................................1

1.2 Statement of the problem......................................................................2

1.3 General objective...................................................................................4

1.4 Specific objective...................................................................................4

1.5 Significance of the study.......................................................................4

1.6 Scope of the study.................................................................................5

1.7 Limitation of the study-------------------------------------------------------------

1.8 Research methodology..........................................................................10

1.8.1 Research design---------------------------------------------------------------

1.8.2 source of data ----------------------------------------------------------------

1.8.3 populaiton and sample-------------------------------------------------------

1.8.4 Data collection instrument ---------------------------------------------------------

1.8.5 Method of data collection…………………………………………………………10

1.8.4. Sampling technique..........................................................................10

1.8.5 Data processing and analysis...........................................................10

1.9 organization of the paper ----------------------------------------------------------

Time and budget schedule ----------------------------------------------------------

Reference……………………………………………………....................................14
 l

Acknowledgment

First and for most great thanks are given to almighty "God''.He has helped us in every aspects of
our life and to our beloved family for their continuous back- up.Next we are highly appreciative to
our respective instructer Awet.G who tirelessly checked,commented and directed our paper work
and made it fruitful.as well as we are highly interested to thanks Ato Birhane teka,who are the
administrator person of the woreda which provides us very significant and relevant information.At
last we are also greatly thanks to all group members who participated in this research proposal
concsiously.

ll
 Abstract
The research study conducts on the role of NGO in urban poverty reduction. It is worth
conducting research on this topic because NGO in poverty reduction plays a significant role in
order to check up the well bitingness of the society. NGO's aid is committed to poverty reduction
as the over arching objectives. Poverty is multi-dimensional phenomenon and wellbeing are
rational.

It is difficult to collect data or information from all households because limitation of resoursece.To
solve this problem researchers uses random sampling due to the assumption that the sample
provides the required information easily. The researchers collected by using questionnaire and
interview because of lesser time consumption and easy to elaborate and analyses it. the data
would be carried out based on tabulation method careful interpretation of analyzed information
would be carried out to arrive at reasonable generalization. Ultimately the research would be
expected to provide rescannable results that could help the management to take reasonable
decision for their future activity.

lll
 Acronyms

ADU =Adigrat university

MDGs=Millenium development goals

NGO's =None Governmental organizations

WB =World bank

UNDP= united nation development program

UN= united nation

IV
 Intorducation
1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY
Increasingly multilateral and bilateral as well as NGO aid is
committed to poverty reduction as the over arching objective .new
crosscutting issues are however being introduced in the new
millennium. Human rights. Democracy and good manager are nor
seen a necessary prerequisites for poverty eradication, security.
stability and fight against terrorism have become new highly
prioritized objective of development assistance in so much as aid is
believed to lead poverty reduction it is seen as an instrument to
prevent the kind of conditions and despair that lead to religious
fundamentalism and terrorism(Danida.2003:4).

Poverty is also about vulnerability being exposed and power less in

the face of adverse economic development, concomitantly. Well
being includes the ability to make choices and factors such as self
esteem dignity,And autonomy (Baulch.1996). Most important of all,
poverty and well being are relational concepts. Poverty &well beings
are being produced and reproduced in societal processes marked by
gender differences .Socio economics inequalities and power
relations (Razav:1999).
Urban poverty is multi dimensional phenomenon. The urban poor
live with many deprivations. This daily challenges may include.

o Limited access to employment opportunities and incomes.

o Include quite and insecure housing and services
o Violent and reality environments.
o Little or no special protection mechanisms and
o Limited asses to adequate health and education opportunists
(WB.2011).

The urban poor need better condition for their work. Including in
the informal sector. Better infrastructures and services including
inside the slums and good urban manager to make the local
decision process inclusive participatory accountable
transparent(UN.2007)

According to the UNDP Definition of NGO. it is any non profit

voluntary citizen groups which is organized on a local national or
international. Task oriented & driven by people with a common
interest. NGOS perform a variety of services and humanitarian
functions. Bring citizens concern to managers. They provide
analysis and expertise early warning mechanical and help monitor
and implement international agreements some are organized
around specifies issues such as human rights the environments
health [Todaro.2006:546)
 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It is evident that economic condition are fundamental importance
for people’s lives and as such economic factors such as income and
consumption play a major role for their well Being. Urban poverty is
challenge for peoples to get adequate or standard quality if food
house health service education service & other different intra
structures which are necessary for all human being (ODA.1995)

In GANTAAFESHUM WOREDA most of the residents of the city live

below or under poverty. There are many residents within the city
that cannot get adequate or standard quality of food, house, Clothes
,health care services, education services, employment
opportunity, .Sanitation and other infrastructures because of
poverty situation, in this regard governmental & NGOS
interventions to solve such poverty situation & to achieve
sustainable development within the city & within the country large
have became very popular.

Despite their contribution of poverty reduction in study area in

capable of the researcher knowledge there was no research
conducted on ADIGRAT WOREDA which explain the role of NGO in
urban poverty reduction and other related advantages therefore the
researcher is motivated Study on this topic to analyze dentally
about the attributions it NGOS in urban poverty reduction in case
of ADIGRAT WOREDA.

BASIC RESEARCH QUESTIONS

  What are the benefits that the residents getting from
NGO?
 Who are more beneficiaries from the survivality of
NGO?
 Has NGO made in improvements in the life of its clients or
not>?
 What are the challenges & achievements of NGO faced in the
woreda?

Objectives of the study

1.3 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

 The general objective of the study is to assess the role of

NGO’S in the reduction of urban poverty in GANTAAFESHUM
Woreda.

1.4 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

 To investigate the non-Government organization has taken to

tackle poverty in GANTAFESHUM woreda.
 To identify the types of benefits and services that the residents
of the woreda getting from NGO'S
 To identify the improvement in the life of clients addressed by
NGO
 To identity the challenges and achievement of NGO in the
woreda getting from NGOS
 To identity by the challenges and achievement of NGO in the
Woreda
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will give recent information on the role of NGOS in

poverty reduction& sustainable development in our country.
Particularly in GANTAFESHUM woreda. In addition this study will
have the following importance.

 The study will give hints on the measure & procedure of NGO
to tackle in urban poverty.
 It will give information to management sector on urban
poverty reduction by NGOS.
 It will also serve as base line information for other
researchers.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research will be limited only study on the role of NGO’s in

urban poverty reduction in GANTAFESHUM woreda because NGOS’
chosen as one of the most important to promote economic
development & at eradicate poverty in poor society

1.7 Limitation of the study

In conducting the study some constraints are faced. Those
constraints are: Lack of time and finance to go everyday and collect
the in detail. The class schedule is not suitable for the
researcher,because of its broadness.It is difficult to collect the
reliable information from all NGO's and the woreda's administrator.

RESERCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 STUDY AREA
This study will be conduct the role of NGO’S in urban poverty
reduction in GANTAFESHUM woreda located in eastern tigray about
40kms far away from Adigrat town to the extreme boundary of the
study, and its local office is located in 2.5km far apart from Adigrat
university which is in adigrat town.

3.2 SOURCE OF DATA

The study will use two sources of data. Those are primary data and
secondary data. Primary data will be collected from house hold who
gain support from NGO'S & managers of the organization.
Secondary sources official documents .Records related to the case
under study will be used as.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION(INSTRUMENT)

In the data collection process different types of data collection
method will be used according to the nature of data primary. Data
will be collected by interview with the manager of organization &
distributing both open and closed ended questionnaire for sample
house hold. On the other hand secondary data will be collect from
books, unpublished document of organization annual reports &
internets.

Population and simple size will be based on households those are

supported by NGO.S & managers of the foundation currently there
are 500 house hold supported by NGO.s and managers of the
foundation. Currently there with two managers. Among this
population the researcher takes 50 as sample,

SAMPLE TECHNIQUE

Purpusive sampling technique will be applied in order to consider

those respondents who have more information about the subject
area of the study

METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

After the relevant will be collect than the data will be processes by
editing, tabulating percentage to examine the finding of the study
and also use simple calculation by using manual calculator to form
the data more clear and simple

Data interpretations presentation

After the data processed and analyzed it will be present by using
tables, graphs, charts & their figures will be interpret in appropriate
& meaning full way

Work plan
Cost budget
No Item Quantity Unit cost Total cost

Stationary material Birr Cent

Paper 1packs 90 00 90 00
 Pen 3 5 00 15 00

Print writing 1 200 00 200 00

binder 1 22 00 22 00

CD 2 5 00 10 0

Pencil 2 1 50 3 00

6day 100 00 600 00

Daily expencefor
food&bed

Transportation cost

ADU To 50 00 50 00
GANTAFESHUM
GANTAFESHUM to 50 00 50 00
ADU
Miscellanea expense 150 00 150 00

Total 1190

No
Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
1 Total section & summation 

2 Literature review      

3 Proposal writing 

4 Consultation     

5 Data collect  
6 Data pressing& tabulation  

7 Final report writing  

8 Presentation  

4.2 TIME BUDGET

Reference
nd
1. Baharu zewde (2006).The Callings of democracy from below 2 ed Addis
Ababa.
2. Narayan. Deepa (2002aaaaaa0.Voices of the poor.3 rd .new York oxford
university press.
3. Todaro michallP. And Stephen c.s (2006).Economic development 9th
ed . new York; mc Graw Hill company press
 4. Oxfam GB Research Report(2007).Urban poverty & development . in the
21st century Retrieved from :http:// urba poverty organization
5. Overdo Feinstein & Robert piccolo (2000) Evaluate and poverty
reduction. Washington. D.C.
6. Steen Fake (2008). Aid impact& poverty reduction Danish instead of
international studies USA. Palgrave Macmillan publisher

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