Quality Report

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Summary

Project Pol 04
Processed 2021-11-09 13:28:22
Camera Model Name(s) FC6310_8.8_5472x3648 (RGB)
Average Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) 3.22 cm / 1.27 in
Area Covered 0.463 km2 / 46.3345 ha / 0.18 sq. mi. / 114.5544 acres

Quality Check

Images median of 65494 keypoints per image

Dataset 387 out of 387 images calibrated (100%), all images enabled

Camera Optimization 0.87% relative difference between initial and optimized internal camera parameters

Matching median of 33279.8 matches per calibrated image

Georeferencing yes, 22 GCPs (22 3D), mean RMS error = 0.014 m

Preview

Figure 1: Orthomosaic and the corresponding sparse Digital Surface Model (DSM) before densification.

Calibration Details
Number of Calibrated Images 387 out of 387
Number of Geolocated Images 387 out of 387

Initial Image Positions

 Figure 2: Top view of the initial image position. The green line follows the position of the images in time starting from the large blue dot.

Computed Image/GCPs/Manual Tie Points Positions

Uncertainty ellipses 1000x magnified

Figure 3: Offset between initial (blue dots) and computed (green dots) image positions as well as the offset between the GCPs initial positions (blue crosses) and
their computed positions (green crosses) in the top-view (XY plane), front-view (XZ plane), and side-view (YZ plane). Dark green ellipses indicate the absolute
position uncertainty of the bundle block adjustment result.

Absolute camera position and orientation uncertainties

X [m] Y [m] Z [m] Omega [degree] Phi [degree] Kappa [degree]

Mean 0.007 0.006 0.009 0.003 0.003 0.001
Sigma 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000

Overlap
 Number of overlapping images: 1 2 3 4 5+

Figure 4: Number of overlapping images computed for each pixel of the orthomosaic.
Red and yellow areas indicate low overlap for which poor results may be generated. Green areas indicate an overlap of over 5 images for every pixel. Good
quality results will be generated as long as the number of keypoint matches is also sufficient for these areas (see Figure 5 for keypoint matches).

Bundle Block Adjustment Details

Number of 2D Keypoint Observations for Bundle Block Adjustment 13043308
Number of 3D Points for Bundle Block Adjustment 3657893
Mean Reprojection Error [pixels] 0.173

Internal Camera Parameters

FC6310_8.8_5472x3648 (RGB). Sensor Dimensions: 12.833 [mm] x 8.556 [mm]

EXIF ID: FC6310_8.8_5472x3648

Focal Principal Principal R1 R2 R3 T1 T2

Length Point x Point y
Initial Values 3668.759 [pixel] 2736.001 [pixel] 1823.999 [pixel] 0.003 -0.008 0.008 -0.000 0.000
8.604 [mm] 6.417 [mm] 4.278 [mm]
Optimized Values 3636.668 [pixel] 2723.667 [pixel] 1833.949 [pixel] -0.005 -0.004 0.005 -0.000 -0.000
8.529 [mm] 6.388 [mm] 4.301 [mm]
Uncertainties (Sigma) 0.265 [pixel] 0.037 [pixel] 0.029 [pixel] 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.001 [mm] 0.000 [mm] 0.000 [mm]
Correlated

F
C0x

C0y
The correlation between camera internal parameters
R1 determined by the bundle adjustment. White indicates a full
correlation between the parameters, ie. any change in one can
be fully compensated by the other. Black indicates that the
R2 parameter is completely independent, and is not affected by
other parameters.

R3
Independent

T1

T2
 The number of Automatic Tie Points (ATPs) per pixel, averaged over all images of the camera model,
is color coded between black and white. White indicates that, on average, more than 16 ATPs have
been extracted at the pixel location. Black indicates that, on average, 0 ATPs have been extracted at
the pixel location. Click on the image to the see the average direction and magnitude of the re-
projection error for each pixel. Note that the vectors are scaled for better visualization. The scale bar
indicates the magnitude of 1 pixel error.

2D Keypoints Table

Number of 2D Keypoints per Image Number of Matched 2D Keypoints per Image

Median 65494 33280
Min 39845 14254
Max 74079 48064
Mean 63955 33704

3D Points from 2D Keypoint Matches

Number of 3D Points Observed

In 2 Images 2126795
In 3 Images 599689
In 4 Images 286699
In 5 Images 165917
In 6 Images 108762
In 7 Images 75665
In 8 Images 55481
In 9 Images 42335
In 10 Images 33217
In 11 Images 26550
In 12 Images 21782
In 13 Images 17826
In 14 Images 14493
In 15 Images 12326
In 16 Images 10511
In 17 Images 9005
In 18 Images 7585
In 19 Images 6524
In 20 Images 5695
In 21 Images 4806
In 22 Images 4084
In 23 Images 3415
In 24 Images 2929
In 25 Images 2529
In 26 Images 2178
In 27 Images 1735
In 28 Images 1510
In 29 Images 1271
In 30 Images 1104
In 31 Images 1049
In 32 Images 815
In 33 Images 759
In 34 Images 646
In 35 Images 571
In 36 Images 405
In 37 Images 371
In 38 Images 283
In 39 Images 219
In 40 Images 165
 In 41 Images 104
In 42 Images 38
In 43 Images 31
In 44 Images 18
In 45 Images 1

2D Keypoint Matches

Uncertainty ellipses 500x magnified

Number of matches
25 222 444 666 888 1111 1333 1555 1777 2000
Figure 5: Computed image positions with links between matched images. The darkness of the links indicates the number of matched 2D keypoints between the
images. Bright links indicate weak links and require manual tie points or more images. Dark green ellipses indicate the relative camera position uncertainty of the
bundle block adjustment result.

Relative camera position and orientation uncertainties

X [m] Y [m] Z [m] Omega [degree] Phi [degree] Kappa [degree]

Mean 0.010 0.009 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.002
Sigma 0.002 0.002 0.014 0.005 0.004 0.001

Geolocation Details

Ground Control Points

GCP Name Accuracy XY/Z [m] Error X [m] Error Y [m] Error Z [m] Projection Error [pixel] Verified/Marked
1(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.002 -0.006 0.005 0.455 14 / 14
2(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.003 -0.000 0.011 0.493 15 / 15
3(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.012 0.000 -0.008 0.655 24 / 24
4(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.000 0.006 -0.023 0.327 18 / 18
5(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.004 0.013 0.013 0.545 28 / 28
7(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.008 -0.012 -0.002 0.443 20 / 20
9(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.010 -0.004 -0.003 0.500 24 / 24
8(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.000 0.012 0.007 0.744 25 / 25
11(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.017 -0.006 -0.025 0.489 35 / 35
 12(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.016 0.020 0.017 0.493 26 / 26
13(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.560 26 / 26
14(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.004 -0.035 -0.031 0.550 25 / 25
16(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.022 -0.001 0.026 0.687 17 / 17
17(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.008 0.027 -0.005 0.679 17 / 17
18(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.007 0.015 0.028 0.547 27 / 27
21(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.012 0.024 -0.011 0.567 21 / 21
22(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.013 0.006 -0.021 0.580 34 / 34
24(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.022 0.002 0.025 0.570 31 / 31
25(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.002 -0.025 -0.015 0.514 25 / 25
27(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.007 -0.015 -0.001 0.659 21 / 21
28(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.009 -0.022 -0.003 0.509 17 / 17
29(1) (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.022 -0.014 0.000 0.422 9/9
Mean [m] -0.000137 -0.000048 0.000015
Sigma [m] 0.011800 0.015801 0.016519
RMS Error [m] 0.011801 0.015801 0.016519

Localisation accuracy per GCP and mean errors in the three coordinate directions. The last column counts the number of calibrated images where the GCP has
been automatically verified vs. manually marked.

Absolute Geolocation Variance

Min Error [m] Max Error [m] Geolocation Error X [%] Geolocation Error Y [%] Geolocation Error Z [%]
- -15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
-15.00 -12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
-12.00 -9.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
-9.00 -6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
-6.00 -3.00 13.44 7.75 0.26
-3.00 0.00 37.47 41.86 59.69
0.00 3.00 36.18 42.64 33.85
3.00 6.00 12.92 7.75 6.20
6.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
12.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
15.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mean [m] 0.404128 -1.946055 18.809892
Sigma [m] 2.407336 2.082776 1.964629
RMS Error [m] 2.441022 2.850454 18.912213

Min Error and Max Error represent geolocation error intervals between -1.5 and 1.5 times the maximum accuracy of all the images. Columns X, Y, Z show the
percentage of images with geolocation errors within the predefined error intervals. The geolocation error is the difference between the initial and computed image
positions. Note that the image geolocation errors do not correspond to the accuracy of the observed 3D points.

Geolocation Bias X Y Z
Translation [m] 0.404128 -1.946055 18.809892

Bias between image initial and computed geolocation given in output coordinate system.

Relative Geolocation Variance

Relative Geolocation Error Images X [%] Images Y [%] Images Z [%]

[-1.00, 1.00] 100.00 100.00 100.00
[-2.00, 2.00] 100.00 100.00 100.00
[-3.00, 3.00] 100.00 100.00 100.00
Mean of Geolocation Accuracy [m] 5.000000 5.000000 10.000000
Sigma of Geolocation Accuracy [m] 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
 Images X, Y, Z represent the percentage of images with a relative geolocation error in X, Y, Z.

Geolocation Orientational Variance RMS [degree]

Omega 0.548
Phi 0.528
Kappa 4.552

Geolocation RMS error of the orientation angles given by the difference between the initial and computed image orientation angles.

Initial Processing Details

System Information

CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-9300H CPU @ 2.40GHz

Hardware RAM: 32GB
GPU: Intel(R) UHD Graphics 630 (Driver: 26.20.100.6911), NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 (Driver: 30.0.14.9613)
Operating System Windows 10 Home Single Language, 64-bit

Coordinate Systems

Image Coordinate System WGS 84 (EGM 2008 Geoid)

Ground Control Point (GCP) Coordinate System WGS 84 / UTM zone 19S (EGM 2008 Geoid)
Output Coordinate System WGS 84 / UTM zone 19S (EGM 2008 Geoid)

Processing Options

Detected Template 3D Maps

Keypoints Image Scale Full, Image Scale: 1
Advanced: Matching Image Pairs Aerial Grid or Corridor
Advanced: Matching Strategy Use Geometrically Verified Matching: no
Advanced: Keypoint Extraction Targeted Number of Keypoints: Automatic
Calibration Method: Standard
Advanced: Calibration Internal Parameters Optimization: All
External Parameters Optimization: All
Rematch: Auto, yes

Point Cloud Densification details

Processing Options

Image Scale multiscale, 1/2 (Half image size, Default)

Point Density Optimal
Minimum Number of Matches 3
3D Textured Mesh Generation yes
3D Textured Mesh Settings: Resolution: Medium Resolution (default)
Color Balancing: no
LOD Generated: no
Advanced: 3D Textured Mesh Settings Sample Density Divider: 1
Advanced: Image Groups group1
Advanced: Use Processing Area yes
Advanced: Use Annotations yes
Time for Point Cloud Densification 01h:46m:14s
Time for Point Cloud Classification 16m:05s
Time for 3D Textured Mesh Generation 15m:49s
Results

Number of Generated Tiles 3

Number of 3D Densified Points 42118301
Average Density (per m3) 79.16

DSM, Orthomosaic and Index Details

Processing Options

DSM and Orthomosaic Resolution 1 x GSD (3.22 [cm/pixel])

DSM Filters Noise Filtering: yes
Surface Smoothing: yes, Type: Medium
Generated: yes
Raster DSM Method: Inverse Distance Weighting
Merge Tiles: yes
Generated: yes
Orthomosaic Merge Tiles: yes
GeoTIFF Without Transparency: no
Google Maps Tiles and KML: no
Raster DTM Generated: yes
Merge Tiles: yes
DTM Resolution 5 x GSD (3.22 [cm/pixel])
Generated: yes
Contour Base [m]: 0
Contour Lines Generation Elevation Interval [m]: 0.2
Resolution [cm]: 100
Minimum Line Size [vertices]: 20
Time for DSM Generation 22m:15s
Time for Orthomosaic Generation 01h:07m:18s
Time for DTM Generation 17m:25s
Time for Contour Lines Generation 43s
Time for Reflectance Map Generation 00s
Time for Index Map Generation 00s