11

Understanding
Culture, Society
and Politics

https://study.com/academy/lesson/primary-groups-in-society-examples-lesson-quiz.html

2st Quarter: Module 6

Social Grouping

Mary Ann Doctor

Rogelio DG. Burce

Module Writers

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

HUMSS – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 6
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:

Development Team of the Module

Authors: Mary Ann C. Doctor, Rogelio DG. Burce

Editor:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Office Address: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________
Telefax: ____________________________________________
E-mail Address: ____________________________________________

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

 11
Understanding
Culture, Society
and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 6
Social Grouping

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities.
We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education
at action@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

Content Standard:

How individuals learn culture and become competent members of society.

Performance Standard:

Identify norms and values to be observed in interacting with others in society,

and the consequences of ignoring those rules.

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Analyze the forms and functions of social grouping (UCSP11/12HSOIIa-24)

Learning Objectives:

After having gone through this module, the learners will be able to;

1. Identify different social groupings within the society.

2. Value the role social group in one’s life in society.
3. Appropriately live in accordance with one’s social group.
To the Learners:

This module is devoted to the nature and influence of the group groupings to
every individual. Likewise elaborate on its significant role in one’s life in society.

Expectations:

In this module, the learners will be apprised on the concept, nature, importance
and consequences of social grouping as part his life in society. The understanding of
social group is of primary importance to the understanding of human behavior. People
do not live alone; we are all born into and spend our entire lives within group we
socialize.

Parts of the Module:

Looking back to your lesson: This section will measure what

learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.

Introduction of the Leson: This part will give you an overview of the
lesson.

Activities: Form part of activities that you will perform individually/

or with partners.

Remember: This section summarizes the concepts and application of

the lessons.

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

 Check your understanding: It will confirm how you learned from the
lessons.

Post-test: This will measure how much you have learned from the
complete module.

Reflection: This part includes new activities that will help you to
develop your knowledge, skills, and value what have you learned from
the module.

PRE-TEST
Direction: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. right side which
corresponds to your answer.
1. It is people with common status.
a. Dyad c. aggregates
b. Triad d. category
2. It is used as the term to describe a social group with two members.
a. dyad c. aggregates
b. triad d. category
3. A loosely formed collection of people.
a. dyad c. aggregates
b. triad d. category
4. A social group with three members, contains three relationships, each uniting two
of the three people.
a. dyad c. aggregates
b. triad d. category
5. It is a conversation intended just to give information and instructions.
a. instrumental c. report language
b. expressive d. rapport language
6. It is a conversation which essentially intended to establish intimacy and
involvement.
a. instrumental c. report language
b. expressive d. rapport language
7. This refers to leadership that focuses on the completion of tasks.
a. instrumental c. report language
b. expressive d. rapport language
8. This refers to leadership which promotes the well-being of members and
minimizing tension and conflict among members.
a. instrumental c. report language
b. expressive d. rapport language
9. John J. Macionis considered group as _______ of society.
a. essence c. foundation
b. power d. carrier
10. RDG Burce’s considered group as the ________ of society.
a. essence c. foundation

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

 b. power d. carrier

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON!

ACTIVITY: WEB MAP. Draw a “Web Map” to list the specific individuals, groups
and institution that enable socialization to take place.

INTRODUCTION OF THE LESSON

As human beings, we live our lives as members of groups. We carry out

much of our waking hour as members of groups and organizations. John J. Macionis
considered groups as the essence of life in society. Society is the largest and most
complex group that sociologist study. The scope of group life expanded greatly during
the twentieth century. I personally described social grouping as “carrier of society”
from its earliest light metric load of tribal nature up to the present heavy tone of load
of technological system.

Social Group: The Sorrier - “Society’s Carrier”

Social group is two or more people who identify and interact with one another.
Not every collection of individuals forms a group. People with a status in common such
as women, soldiers Roman Catholics, are not a group but a category. Similarly,
students sitting in a large lecture hall interact to a limited extent, such a loosely
formed collection of people is a crowd or aggregates rather than a group. There are
different types of social groups.
I. Types of Group
1. Primary and Secondary Group
Charles Horton Cooley called personal and tightly integrated groups
"primary" because they are among the first groups we experience in life. In addition,
family and friends have primary importance in the socialization process, shaping our
attitudes, behavior, and social identity. Members of a primary group also tend to view
each other as unique and irreplaceable. Especially in the family, we are bound to
others by emotion and loyalty
Secondary relationships involve weak emotional ties and little personal
knowledge of one another. This exists for only a short time, beginning and ending with
no particular significance. Sometimes the passage of time transforms a group from
secondary to primary, as with co-workers who share an office for many years and
develop closer relationships. Unlike members of primary groups, who display a
personal orientation, people in secondary groups have a goal orientation. Primary
group predominantly surrounds with “Rapport Language” of conversations which
essentially intended to establish intimacy and involvement while secondary is the

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

“Report Language” which essentially intended just to give information and
instructions.
2. In and Out group
Everyone favors some groups over others whether because of political outlook,
social prestige, or manner of dress. People in virtually every social setting make similar
positive and negative evaluations about members of other groups. An in-group is a
social group toward which a member feels respect and commitment. An out-
group, by contrast, is a social group toward which a person feels a sense of
competition or opposition. Tensions between groups sharpen the groups' boundaries
and give people a clearer social identity. Robert K. Merton observed that the traits of
in-groups viewed as virtues, while those in out-groups are seen as vices.
3. Reference Group
Herbert Hyman’s coined the term “reference group” which we usually use as a
standard or as a point of reference in making evaluations and decisions. A
young man who imagines his family's reaction to a woman he is dating is using his
family as a reference group. A supervisor who tries to predict her employees' reaction
to a new vacation policy is using them in the same way. As these examples suggest,
reference groups can be primary or secondary. In either case, our need to conform
shows how others' attitudes affect us.
4. Networks
A network is a web of weak social ties. If you think of a group as a "circle of
friends," think of a network as a "social web" expanding outward, often reaching
great distances and including large numbers of people. Some networks come
close to being groups, as in the case of college friends who stay in touch years after
graduation by e-mail and telephone. More commonly, however, a network includes
people we know of or who know of us—but with whom we interact rarely, if at all.
Network ties may be weak, but they can be a powerful resource which experts
identified as “social capital.”
5. Electronic community
In the 1990’s this new type of human group was created through the
technology of the Internet. Everyday hundreds of thousands of people meet in chat
room to talk on almost any conceivable topic.

II. Group Operations

One important element of group dynamics is leadership. Although a small circle
of friends may have no leader at all, most large secondary groups place leaders in a
formal chain of command.
a. Instrumental
This refers to leadership that focuses on the completion of tasks. Members look
to instrumental leaders to get things done. Because they concentrate on performance,
leaders usually have formal, secondary relationships with other members. These
leaders give orders and reward or punish people according to how much they
contribute to the group's efforts.
b. Expressive
It takes less of an interest in achieving goals than in promoting the well-being
of members and minimizing tension and conflict among members. Expressive leaders
build more personal, primary ties. They offer sympathy to members going through
tough times to keep the group united, and lighten serious moments with humor.
Whereas successful instrumental leaders enjoy more respect from members,
expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection.

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

III. Group Size
Group size plays a crucial role in how group members interact. Two people form
a single relationship; adding a third person results in three relationships; a fourth
person yields six. Increasing the number of people further boosts the number of
relationships much more rapidly because every new individual can interact with
everyone already there. Thus, by the time seven people join one conversation, twenty-
one "channels" connect them. With so many open channels, at this point the group
usually divides.
A. Dyad dynamics.
. German sociologist Georg Simmel (1858–1918) explored the dynamics of the
smallest social groups. He used the term dyad (from the Greek word for "pair") to
describe a social group with two members. He explained that social interaction in a
dyad typically is more intense than in larger groups because neither member shares
the other's attention with anyone else. But like a stool with only two legs, dyads are
unstable. Both members of a dyad must work to keep the relationship going; if either
withdraws, the group collapses. Because stable marriages are important to society, the
marital dyad is supported with legal, economic, and often religious ties. Filipinos are
more triadic community which makes their relationships more lasting and stable.
B. Triad
A triad, a social group with three members, contains three relationships, each
uniting two of the three people. It is more stable than a dyad because one member
can act as a mediator if relations between the other two become strained. This bit of
group dynamics explains why members of a dyad (say, a married couple) often seek
out a third person (such as a counselor) to discuss tensions between them. On the
other hand, two of the three can pair up to press their views on the third, or two may
intensify their relationship, leaving the other feeling left out.

Activity 1: My Inner and Outer Circle

Direction: Draw an inner and outer circle and identify some people whom you
considered as your primary and secondary group in your life. List at least three of
their names inside the inner (primary) and outer (secondary) circles.

Guide Question;
1. What are the primary bases of your decision in listing the names in the inner
circle?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the primary bases of your decision in listing the names in the inner
circle?
_____________________________________________________________________________________

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

Activity 2: Size Really Matters!

Compute the possible interactions between different numbers of people

according to German sociologist Georg Simmel.

Number Number of possible Illustration

of People Interactions
Ex. 2 Ex. 1 Ex.

Activity 3: Speech Balloon - Rapport and Report Talk

Direction: Draw a speech balloon and fill it with the content which shows the example
of conversation with rapport talk between two persons in a primary group (ex. between
friends) and secondary group with report talk (ex. between classmates).
Rubrics:

Content (manifested deeper relationship between each other) --------------------------------- 5 points

Presentation (followed proper grammar and other rules in constructing sentence) ------- 5 points

Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 points

REMEMBER

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Direction: Complete the table by listing some of the basic descriptions of
different social groups.

Types of Group Group Operations Group Size

Primary Secondary In Out Expressiv Instrumental Dyad Triad
e

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

 POST TEST
MATCHING TYPE: Match the items in column A with column B. Write the
letter of your answer on the space provided.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
_______1. He coined the term “reference group”. A. Secondary
_______2. A group which has significant role in the B. In-Group
socialization process, shaping our attitudes,
behavior, and social identity
_______3. He identified classifications of groups such as C. Primary
primary and secondary.
A group which usually use as a standard or as a D. Out-Group
_______4. point of reference in making evaluations and
decisions
_______5. He clearly differentiates that the traits of in- E. Networks
groups and out-groups.
_______6. It is a social group toward which a member feels F. Reference
respect and commitment.
_______7. He used the term dyad (from the Greek word for
"pair") to describe a social group with two G. Charles H. Cooley
members.
_______8. relationships involve weak emotional ties and H. Herbert Hyman
little personal knowledge of one another
_______9. It is a "social web" expanding outward, often I. Robert K. Merton
reaching great distances and including large
numbers of people.
______10. It is a social group toward which a person feels a
sense of competition or opposition. J. Georg Simmel

REFLECTION

Well done! You have now a better understanding of the significance of social
groupings. Explore and enjoy being one of those privilege people who are part of the
community.
Kindly complete the sentence, “It is important to identify my primary and
secondary groups because ________________________________.”

REFERENCES
I. Peters, Ralph. (2009; Essentials of Sociology.(Pp.74-81). USA; Pearson
Publishing, Inc.,
II. Macionis, John J.(1992): Society- The Basics. (Pp.110-112). USA; Pearson
Publishing, Inc.

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce

 Answers Key

PRE-TEST REVIEW POST TEST

1.D 1. Religion 1. H
2. A 2. Work 2. C
3.C 3. Government 3. G
4.B 4. Mass Media 4. F
5.C 5. School 5.I
6. D 6. Peers 6. B
7. A 7. Family 7. J
8. B 8. Ethnic background 8. A
9. A 9. E
10. D 10. D

UCSP. Q2. Wk.6 Rogelio DG. Burce