12

Contemporary Philippine
Arts from the Regions
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Filipino Artistry at its Finest
Commented [dgym1]: Acknowledge the sources of ALL
pictures/graphics/info and contents in the succeeding pages of your
module. As much as possible put the source below each for easy
identification.
Commented [MB2R1]:
Commented [MB3R1]:

http://riannehillsoriano.com/blog/young-filmmaker-s-tale-about-national-artist-for-cinema-kidlat-tahimik/
https://xsilrc.wordpress.com/tag/filipiniana/
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions – Grade 12

Quarter 1 – Module 3: Filipino Artistry at its Finest

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

mm
Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Reymond Alfred Q. Buñag

Editors: Salvador Samosa, MT / Al Bambino Camino, MT1 Commented [dgym4]: Content Editor should be subject
specific, pls include also language editor (English teacher)

Reviewers: Nelson Gomez, EPS / Darcy Guy Mañebo, EPS Commented [dgym5]: Mr Gomez’s name should be here.

Illustrator: Reymond Alfred Q. Buñag

Layout Artist: Reymond Alfred Q. Buñag

i
I. Introduction Commented [dgym6]: Put Roman Numeral I before the Word
Introduction…

Filipino artists play a role in presenting and educating us about our history and identity.
Artists make a visual record of the people, places and events of their time and place. They
help us to see the world in new or innovative ways and make functional objects and structures
more pleasurable and elevate them or imbue them with meaning.

II. Objectives Commented [dgym7]: Put Roman Numeral II before the Word
Objectives…

Explains Filipino artists’ roles and identify their contribution to contemporary arts
(CAR11/12CAP-0c -e-5)

At the end of this module, the learners are expected to:

• Identify the works of Filipino Artists.
• Determine the roles of Filipino Artists to contemporary arts.
• Explain the significance and impact of their artistry to the Philippines Society.

III. Vocabulary List Commented [dgym8]: Put Roman Numeral III before the Word
Vocabulary…

Architecture – the art or science of planning and building structures

Artist – one who practices an art; one who creates objects of beauty
Canvas – a piece of cloth prepared as a surface for a painting
Composer - a musician who is an author of music in any form
Choral - refers to music which is sung by a choir or in chorus
Dance – An expression represented by a set series of body movements
Drawing – is creation of an image, diagram or a form using drawing tools such as pen, ink,
brush, pencil markers, charcoals, crayons
Essayist – a person who writes essays, especially as a literary genre
Fashion – to make or form something; a prevailing custom, usage, or style
Film – to make a motion picture
Fiction – literature in the form of prose, especially short stories and novels, that describes
imaginary events and people
Folk Dance - a dance developed by a group of people forming a tribe or nation
Grand Collar – The rank and title of National Artist is conferred by means of a presidential
proclamation
Literature – is imaginative writing with recognized artistic value
Orchestra – a group of instrumentalists organized to perform ensemble music
Painting – a creative expression using pigment or color on a surface for aesthetic value
Poet – a person possessing special powers of imagination or expression
Sculpture – uses carving, modeling from metals, ceramics, wood or stone
Theater – An area for dramatic performances and a place of enactment of significant events
Visual Arts –the arts that appeals to the visual sense and maybe constructed using varied
mediums such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, etc

Source: The Merriam Webster Dictionary, International Edition, Merriam-Webster Incorporated Springfield,
Massachusetts, 2014

1
IV. Pre-Test Commented [dgym9]: Put Roman Numeral IV before the Word
Pre…

Identification. Identify the name of the Filipino artist referred to in each item. Write your
answer on your notebook. Commented [dgym10]: … it should be after each number.

1. ____________ He / She is the National Artist for theater who was born in Roxas City,
Capiz on January 26, 1917.
2. ____________ He / She is the National Artist who is a teacher and theater artist with
35 years of devoted professorship in Philippine performing arts.
3. ____________ He / She the National Artist tagged as the Queen of Kundiman.
4. ____________ He / She the national artist who made it to the Guinness Book of World
Records as the only person able to make music using just a leaf.
5. ____________ He / She is the National Artist for Visual art who emerged as the “Father
of Modern Philippine Painting”

V. Learning Activities Commented [dgym11]: Put Roman Numeral V before the

Word Learning…

Below are the names of the Philippine National Artists. Distinguish some of the faces
of the Filipino artist through choosing on the following choice given below.

Ramon Valera Jose Maria Zaragoza

Fernando Poe Jr. Levi Celerio
Fernando Amorsolo Benedicto Cabrera

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________

(Visual Arts) (Film) (Fashion Design)

4. ________ 5. ________
(Music) (Visual Arts)

Source: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/

2
 National Artist of Music

Jose Maceda, was a Filipino composer, teacher,

performer and musicologist, His researches were
taken from the remotest mountain village and
farthest island communities which resulted in the
massive number of recorded music. Maceda's life-
long dedication to the understanding and National Artist for Music (1997)
(January 31, 1917 – May 5, 2004)
popularization to the Filipino traditional music. He
wrote papers about the nature of Philippine traditional and ethnic music that enlightened, both
Filipino and foreign scholars. His experimentation also freed Filipino musical expressions from
a strictly Eurocentric mold. Ugma-ugma(1963), Pagsamba (1968), and Udlot-udlot (1975)
compositions were usually performed communal ritual, other some major works include:
• Pagsamba
• Kubing, Ugnayan
• Aroding

Lucresia R. Kasilag, performing artist,

composer, educator, administrator and cultural
entrepreneur of national and international
caliber, had require herself to hone the Filipino
appreciation of music. Kasilag develop the
Filipino roots through fusing the ethics music
National Artist for Music (1989)
(August 31, 1918 – August 16, 2008) with western influences, who had led many
Filipino composers to experiment with such an
approach. Her orchestral music includes
• Love Songs
• Ang Pamana
• Legend of the Sarimanok

Levi Celerio was born in Tondo, Manila. An

exemplary lyricist and composer who
received his scholarship at the Academy of
Music in Manila which allowed him to join
Manila Symphony as the youngest
member. Celerio also included in the
Guinness Book of World Records as the National Artist for Literature / Music (1997)
only person able to make music through a (April 30, 1910 – April 2, 2002)

leaf. He was able to compose over 4,000

songs. Some of his work made for local movies while some became popular songs which
included
• Saan Ka Man Naroon?
• Kahit Konting Pagtingin
• Ikaw

3
There was already Jovita Fuentes
portray of Cio-Cio San in Giacome
Pucceni's Madame Butterfly at Italy's
Teatro Municipale di Piacenza, before
Lea Salonga's break into Broadway.
Her portrayal was hailed as the "most
sublime interpretation of the part". This
is remarkable because it happened at a National Artist for Music (1976)
(February 15, 1895 – August 7, 1978)
time when Filipino people were
scarcely heard of in Europe, before
leaving for Milan in 1924 for further voice studies, she was teaching at the UP Conservatory
of Music (1917). She made her stage debut at the Piacenza, after eight months of arduous of
training, Sge embarked on a string of music performances in Europe with the roles of roles
of Liu Yu in Puccini’s Turandot, Mimi in Puccini’s La Boheme, Iris in Pietro Mascagni’s Iris,
the title role of Salome (which composer Richard Strauss personally offered to her including
the special role of Princess Yang Gui Fe in Li Tai Pe). She was given the unprecedented
award of "Embahadora de Filipinos a su Madre Patria" by Spain.

Honorata "Atang" Dela Rama " Queen

of kundiman in 1979, At age of 74
singing the same song (nabasag na
banga) that she sang as a fifteen-year-
old girl in the sarauela dalagang bukid.
The very first actress in the very first
National Artist for Theater and Music (1987) locally produced Filipino film when she
(January 11, 1902 – July 11, 1991)
essayed the same role in the
zarzuela's film version, At age seven,
she was already being cast in Spanish zarzuelas such in Marina, Mascota, Sueño de un Vals,
the role of an orphan in Pangarap in Rosa was her most satisfying and rewarding role that she
played with realism, the stage sparkling with silver coins tossed by a teary-eyed audience,
Atang firmly believes that the kundiman and sarswela expresses best Filipino soul and even
performed kundiman and other Filipino songs for the Aetas or Negritos of Zambales and the
Sierra Madre, the Bagobos of Davao and other Lumad of Mindanao.

Source: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/

4
 National Artist of Dance

Francisca Reyes Aquino is known as Folk

Dance Pioneer. In 1920’s, she began her
research on folk dances arranged for use by
teachers and playground instructors in public
and private schools. She served as
supervisor of physical education at the
National Artist for Dance (1973) Bureau of Education that distributed her work
(March 9, 1899 – November 21, 1983)
and adapted the teaching of folk dancing as a
medium of making young Filipinos aware of their cultural heritage, in 1940’s. She received the
Republic Award of Merit given by the late President Ramon Magsaysay for outstanding
contribution toward the advancement of Filipino culture, one among the many awards and
recognition given to her, in 1954. Some of her books include the following:
• Gymnastics for Daces (1947)
• Steps and Music (1948)
• Foreign Folk Dances (1949)
• Dances for all Occasion (1950)

Ramon Obusan was an artistic

director, dancer, stage designer and
choreographer. He is exceptional in
Philippine dance and cultural work.
Also acknowledged as a researcher,
archivist, and documentary filmmaker
who broadened and deepened the
National Artist for Dance (2006)
(June 16, 1938 – December 21, 2006) Filipino understanding of his own
cultural life and expressions. He had
affected cultural and diplomatic exchanges using the multifarious aspects and dimensions of
the art of dance through the Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group (ROFG).
Some of the full-length productions he choreographed are the following:
• “Obra Maestra,” a collection of Ramon Obusan’s dance masterpieces
• “Unpublished Dances of the Philippines,” Series I-IV
• “Vamos a Belen! Series” (1998-2004) Philippine Dances Tradition
• “Noon Po sa Amin,” tableaux of Philippine History in song, drama and dance

Alice Reyes is a great contributor in the

promotion and development of
contemporary dance in the Philippine as
dancer, choreographer, teacher, and
director. Her greatest contribution was the
development of uniquely Filipino modern
dance using Filipino materials ideas National Artist for Dance (2014)
(October 14, 1942)
expressed through movements and styles

5
emanating from Philippine indigenous dance, modern dance and classical ballet. Some of her
masterpiece includes
• Amada (1969),
• At a Maranaw Gathering (1970)
• Itim-Asu (1971)
• Tales of the Manuvu (1977)

Leonor Orosa Goquingco the “Trailblazer,”

“Mother of Philippine Theatre Dance” and
“Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics”,
pioneer Filipino choreographer in balletic
folkloric, and Asian styles, produced for over
50 years highly original, first – of – a – kind
choreographies, mostly to her own story
lines. Some of these include: National Artist for Dance
(July 24, 1917 – July 15, 2005)

• “TREND: Return to Native”

• “In a Javanese Garden”
• “VINTA!”
• “In a Concentration Camp”
• “The Magic Garden,” “

Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula, choreographer,

dance educator and researcher, spent
almost four decades in the discovery and
study of Philippine folk and ethnic dances.
To project a new example of an ethnic
dance culture that goes beyond simple
National Artist for Dance (1988)
preservation and into creative growth, she
(June 29, 1929 – August 4, 1999) applied her findings. Over thirty years.,
she had choreographed suites of
mountain dances, Spanish-influenced dances, Muslim pageants and festivals, regional
variations and dances of the countryside for the Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company of
which she was the dance director. These dances have all earned critical acclaim and rave
reviews from audiences in their world tours in Americas, Europe, Asia, Australia and Africa.
Some of the widely acclaimed dances she had staged were the following:
• Singkil,
• A Bayanihan signature number based on a Maranao epic poem;
• Vinta, a dance honoring Filipino sailing prowess
• Tagabili
• Pagdiwata

Source: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/

6
 National Artist of Theater

Daisy H. Avellana, is an actor, director

and writer. Born in Roxas City, Capiz on
January 26, 1917, she elevated legitimate
theater and dramatic arts to a new level
of excellence by staging and performing
in breakthrough productions of classic
Filipino and foreign plays and by
encouraging the establishment of
National Artist for Theater (1999)
(January 26, 1917 – May 12, 2013)
performing groups and the
professionalization of Filipino theater.
Together with her husband, National
Artist Lamberto Avellana and other artists, she co-founded the Barangay Theatre Guild in
1939 which paved the way for the popularization of theatre and dramatic arts in the country,
utilizing radio and television. She starred in plays like Othello (1953), Macbeth in
Black (1959), Casa de Bernarda Alba (1967), Tatarin. She is best remembered for her
portrayal of Candida Marasigan in the stage and film versions of Nick Joaquin’s Portrait of the
Artist as Filipino. Some of her directorial credits include:
• Diego Silang (1968)
• Walang Sugat (1971)
• Sakay (1939)
• Portrait of the Artist as Filipino (1955).

Rolando S. Tinio, poet, teacher, critic,

playwright, thespian, and translator marked
his career with prolific artistic productions.
Tinio’s chief distinction is as a stage director
whose original insights into the scripts he
handled brought forth production’s notable
for their visual impact and intellectual
National Artist for Theater and Literature (1997)
cogency. Subsequently, after staging
(March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) productions for the Ateneo Experimental
Theater (its organizer and administrator as
well), he took on Teatro Pilipino. It was to Teatro Pilipino which he left a considerable amount
of work reviving traditional Filipino drama by re-staging old theater forms like the sarswela and
opening a treasure-house of contemporary Western drama. It was the excellence and beauty
of his practice that claimed for theater a place among the arts in the Philippines in the 1960s.
Aside from his collections of poetry (Sitsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung – Dunungan, Kristal na
Uniberso, A Trick of Mirrors) among his works were the following:
• Film scripts for Now and Forever
• Gamitin Mo Ako
• Bayad Puri and Milagros
• sarswelas Ang Mestisa
• Ako
• Ang Kiri
• Ana
• Maria

7

National Artist for Theater (1997)
(January 22, 1910 – April 28, 1995)
Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero was born in Ermita,
Manila. He was a playwright writer, a
director, teacher and artist. He wrote more
than 100 plays with almost half published.
Some his plays include:
• 13 Plays (1947)
• 8 Other Plays (1952)
• Half an Hour in a Convent
• Wanted: A Chaperon
• Forever

Salvador F. Bernal designed more than 300

productions distinguished for their originality.
Sensitive to the budget limitations of local
productions, he harnessed the design
potential of inexpensive local materials,
pioneering or maximizing the use of bamboo,
raw abaca, and abaca fiber, hemp twine,
National Artist for Theater Design (2003)
(January 7, 1945 – October 26, 2011)
rattan chain links and gauze cacha. As the
acknowledged guru of contemporary Filipino
theater design, Bernal shared his skills with younger designers through his classes at the
University of the Philippines and the Ateneo de Manila University.
Some of the major contributions:
• The programs he created for the CCP Production Design Center
• He organized the PATDAT (Philippine Association of Theatre Designers and
Technicians)
• OISTAT (Organization Internationale des Scenographes, Techniciens et Architectes
du Theatre

Lamberto V. Avellana, director for

theater and film, has the distinction of
being called “The Boy Wonder of
Philippine Movies” as early as 1939. He
was the first to use the motion picture
camera to establish a point-of-view, a
National Artist for Theater and Film (1976) move that revolutionized the
(February 12, 1915 – April 25, 1991)
techniques of film narration. In his first
film Sakay, Avellana demonstrated a
kind of visual rhythm that established a new filmic language. Avellana was also the first
filmmaker to have his film Kandelerong Pilak shown at the Cannes International Film Festival.
Among the films he directed for worldwide release were:
• Sergeant Hasan (1967)
• Destination Vietnam (1969)
• The Evil Within (1970).

Source: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/

8
 National Artist of Visual Arts

The Philippines first National Artist. When

the Manila Hilton inaugurated its art center
on January 23, 1969, with an exhibit of a
selection of his works, the official title “Grand
Old Man of Philippine Art” was bestowed on
Amorsolo.In 1920’s upon returning from his
studies abroad, Amorsolo developed the
National Artist for Painting (1972)
(May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) backlighting technique that became his
trademark were figures, a cluster of leaves,
a spill of hair, the swell of breast, are seen aglow on canvas. This light, Nick Joaquin opines,
is the rapture of a sensualist utterly in love with the earth, with the Philippine sun, and is an
accurate expression of Amorsolo’s own exuberance. His citation underscores all his years of
creative activity which have “defined and perpetuated a distinct element
of the nation’s artistic and cultural heritage”.
Amorsolo’s major works include the following:
• Maiden in a Stream (1921)-GSIS collection
• El Ciego (1928)-Central Bank of the Philippines collection
• Dalagang Bukid (1936) – Club Filipino collection
• The Mestiza (1943) – National Museum of the Philippines
collection
• Planting Rice (1946)-UCPB collection; Sunday Morning Going to
Town (1958)-Ayala Museum Collection.
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Amorsolo

Abdulmari Asia Imao is a, ceramist,

documentary filmmaker, sculptor, painter,
photographercultural researcher, writer,
and articulator of Philippine Muslim art and
culture, a native of Sulu. The indigenous
ukkil, sarimanok and naga motifs have
been popularized and instilled in the
consciousness of the Filipino nation and National Artist for Visual Arts (2006)
other peoples as original Filipino creations, (January 14, 1936 – December 16, 2014)
through his works. His U.P. art education
introduced him to Filipino masters like Napoleon Abueva, and Guillermo Tolentino who were
among his mentors.

Selected works:
• Industrial Mural, Central Bank of the Philippines, San Fernando, La Union
• Industry Brass Mural, Philippine National Bank, San Fernando, La Union
• Sulu Warriors (statues of Panglima Unaid and Captain Abdurahim Imao)
• 6 ft., Sulu Provincial Capitol
• Mural Relief on Filmmaking, Manila City Hall

9
 In 1925, Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
was appointed as professor at the
UP School of Fine Arts where the
idea also of executing a monument
for national heroes struck him, a
product of the Revival period in
Philippine Art. Returning from
Europe (where he was enrolled at the
National Artist for Sculpture (1973) Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Rome).
(July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976)
The result was the UP Oblation that
became
the symbol of freedom at the campus. The Bonifacio Monument in
Caloocan stands as an enduring symbol of the Filipinos’ cry for
freedom. He also designed the gold and bronze medals for
the Ramon Magsaysay Award and did the seal of the Republic of
the Philippines. Other works include:
• The bronze figures of President Quezon at Quezon
Memorial
• Life-size busts of Jose Rizal at UP and UE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Tolentino
• Marble statue of Ramon Magsaysay in GSIS Building
• Granolithic of heroic statues representing education, medicine, forestry, veterinary
science, fine arts and music at UP.

Victorio C. Edades emerged as the

“Father of Modern Philippine Painting”,
painting distorted human figures in
rough, bold impasto strokes, and
standing tall and singular in his
advocacy and practice of what he
believes is the creative art. Edades’
colors were dark and somber with
National Artist for Painting (1976)
subject matter or themes depicting (December 23, 1895 – March 7, 1985)
laborers, factory workers or the simple
folk in all their dirt, sweat and grime, unlike Amorsolo’s bright, sunny, cheerful hues. Together
with Carlos “Botong” Francisco and Galo B. Ocampo they were known as “Triumvirate”, led
the growth of mural painting in the country. Finally retiring from teaching at age 70, the
university conferred on Edades the degree of Doctor of Fine Arts, honoris causa, for being an
outstanding “visionary, teacher and artist.”.”
Among his works are:

• Japanese Girl
• Mother and The Sketch
• The Artist and the Model
• Portrait of the Professor Daughter
• The Wrestlers
• Poinsettia Girl.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorio_Edades

10
Vicente Manansala’s talent was revealed
through the copies he made of the
Sagrada Familia and his mother’s portrait
that he copied from a photograph, as a
young boy. His paintings are described as
visions of reality teetering on the edge of
abstraction. He believes that the beauty of
art is in the process, in the moment of
National Artist for Painting (1981)
doing a particular painting, closely (January 22, 1910 – August 22, 1981))
associating it with the act of making love.
“The climax is just when it’s really finished.”
Some of his works include:
• Still Life with Green Guitar
• Via Crucis https://www.wikiart.org/en/vicente-manansala

• Whirr
• Nude

Source:https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/

National Artist of Literature

Edith L. Tiempo is one of the finest

Filipino writers in English, a teacher,
poet, fictionist, and literary critic. Her
poems are intricate verbal
transfigurations of significant
experiences as revealed, in two of her
much-anthologized pieces, “The Little
National Artist for Literature (1999)
(April 22, 1919 – August 21, 2011) Marmoset” and “Bonsai”. Her works are
characterized by a remarkable fusion of
style and substance, of craftsmanship and insight. She is an influential tradition in Philippine
literature in English.She and her husband founded and directed the Silliman National Writers
Workshop in Dumaguete City, which has produced some of the country’s best writers. Her
language has been marked as “descriptive but unburdened
by scrupulous detailing. Tiempo’s published works include:
• The novel A Blade of Fern (1978)
• The Native Coast (1979)
• The Alien Corn (1992)

11
 He introduced to Tagalog literature what
is now known as Bagay poetry, a
landmark aesthetic tendency that has
helped to change the vernacular poetic
tradition.The author of the following
works: Likhang Dila, Likhang
Diwa (poems in Filipino and English),
National Artist for Literature (2006) 1993; Balaybay, Mga Tulang Lunot at
Manibalang, 2002; Sa Sariling
Bayan, Apat na Dulang May Musika, 2004; “Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita,” Pakikiramay,
2004. As a librettist for the Tales of the Manuvu and Rama Hari, he pioneered the creative
fusion of fine arts and popular imagination. He pioneered the creative fusion of fine arts and
popular imagination, as liberist. As a scholar, his major books include the following:
• Tagalog Poetry
• 1570-1898: Tradition and Influences in its Development
• Philippine Literature: A History and Anthology
• Revaluation: Essays on Philippine Literature
• Writing the Nation/Pag-akda ng Bansa

Better known as N.V.M. Gonzalez,

fictionist, essayist, poet, and teacher,
articulated the Filipino spirit in rural,
urban landscapes. He won the First
Commonwealth Literary Contest in
1940, received the Republic Cultural
Heritage Award in 1960 and the Gawad
National Artist for Literature (1997)
CCP Para sa Sining in 1990. He became (September 8, 1915 – November 28, 1999)

U.P.’s International-Writer-In-Residence
and a member of the Board of Advisers of the U.P. Creative Writing Center. In 1987, U.P.
conferred on him the Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa, its highest academic
recognition. Some of his Major works of N.V.M Gonzalez include the following:
• The Bread of Salt and Other Stories
• Work on the Mountain
• The Novel of Justice.

Cirilo F. Bautista is a fictionist, poet and

essayist with exceptional achievements
and significant contributions to the
development of the country’s literary arts.
Throughout his career, he established a
reputation for fine and profound artistry;
his books, lectures, poetry readings and
National Artist for Literature (2014)
creative writing workshops continue to (July 9, 1941 – May 6, 2018)
influence his peers and generations of

12
young writers. Bautista contributed to the development of Philippine literature: as a writer,
through his significant body of works; as a teacher, through his discovery and encouragement
of young writers in workshops and lectures; and as a critic, through his essays that provided
insights into the craft of writing and correctives to misconceptions about art. Major works:
• Summer Suns (1963)
• Words and Battlefields (1998)
• The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus (2001)
• Galaw ng Asoge (2003)

Carlos P. Romulo‘s career spanned 50

years of public service as an educator,
soldier, university president, journalist,
and diplomat. He was the first Asian
president of the United Nations General
Assembly, then Philippine Ambassador to
Washington, D.C., and later minister of National Artist for Literature (1982)
foreign affairs. Romulo was very much (January 14, 1899 – December 15, 1985)

into writing: he was a reporter at 16, a

newspaper editor by the age of 20, and a publisher at 32. His other books include:
• Memoirs of his many years’ affiliations with United Nations (UN)
• Forty Years: A Third World Soldier at the UN
• The Philippine Presidents

Carlos Quirino, a biographer, has the

distinction of having written one of the
earliest biographies of Jose Rizal titled
The Great Malayan. His books and
articles span the whole gamut of
Philippine history and culture–from
Bonifacio’s trial to Aguinaldo’s
biography, from Philippine
National Artist for Historical Literature (1997) cartography to culinary arts, from cash
(January 14, 1910 – May 20, 1999) crops to tycoons and president’s lives,
(March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) among so many subjects.
His book Maps and Views of Old Manila is considered as the best book on the subject. Some
of his books include
• Quezon
• Man of Destiny
• Magsaysay of the Philippines
• Lives of the Philippine Presidents
• Philippine Cartography

Source:https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/

13
 National Artist of for Architecture and Allied Arts

Born at the turn of the century, National

Artist for Architecture Pablo Sebero
Antonio pioneered modern Philippine
architecture. His basic design is grounded
on simplicity, no clutter. The lines are
clean and smooth, and where there are
curves, these are made integral to the
National Artist for Architecture (1976) structure. Pablo Jr. points out, “For our
(January 25, 1902 – June 14, 1975)
father, every line must have a meaning, a
purpose. For him, function comes first
before elegance or form “. The other thing that characterizes an Antonio structure is the
maximum use of natural light and cross ventilation. Antonio believes that buildings “should be
planned with austerity in mind and its stability forever as the aim of true architecture, that
buildings must be progressive, simple in design but dignified, true to a purpose without
resorting to an applied set of aesthetics and should eternally recreate truth.”
Some of Antonio’s major works include the following:
• Far Eastern University Administration and Science buildings;
• Manila Polo Club; Ideal Theater;
• Lyric Theater;
• Galaxy Theater;

Leandro V. Locsin reshaped the

urban landscape with a distinctive
architecture reflective of Philippine
Art and Culture. He believes that the
true Philippine Architecture is “the
product of two great streams of
culture, the oriental and the
occidental… to produce a new object
of profound harmony.” It is this National Artist for Architecture, 1990
(August 15, 1928 – November 15, 1994)
synthesis that underlies all his works,
with his achievements in concrete
reflecting his mastery of space and scale. Some of his works include:

• Locsin’s largest single work is the Istana Nurul

Iman, the palace of the Sultan of Brunei, which has
a floor area of 2.2 million square feet.
• The CCP Complex itself is a virtual Locsin
Complex with all five buildings designed by him
— the Cultural Center of the Philippines
• Folk Arts Theater
• Philippine International Convention Center
• Philcite and The Westin Hotel (now Sofitel
By the SunKing (Own work) via Wikimedia Commons
Philippine Plaza).

14
 For all of his more than 60 years of
architecture life, Ar. Bobby Mañosa
designed Filipino. From the 1960s in
his landmark design of the Sulo
Hotel until his retirement about
2015, he courageously and
passionately created original
Filipino forms, spaces with intricate
National Artist for Architecture and Allied Arts (2018)
and refined details. But what is most
Birthday: 12 February 1931 valuable is that Mañosa was in the
heart and soul of a Philippine
architectural movement. He has developed a legacy of Philippine architecture, which is
essential to our Filipino identity and at the same time, deeply appreciated and shared in our
world today.
Some his Major Works:
• San Miguel Building, Ortigas Center, Pasig City (designed with the Mañosa Brothers)
• Our Lady of Peace Shrine, EDSA, Quezon City
• Metrorail Transit System Stations for LRT 1, circa 1980s
• Quezon Memorial Circle Development Plan
• Lanao del Norte Provincial Capitol, Tubod, Lanao del Norte
• Amanpulo Resort, Palawan

José María V. Zaragoza’s place in

Philippine architecture history is
defined by a significant body of
modern edifices that address
spiritual and secular requirements.
Zaragoza’s name is synonymous to
modern ecclesiastical architecture.
Zaragoza is a pillar of modern
architecture in the Philippines National Artist for Architecture (2014)
buttressed by a half-century career (December 6, 1912 – November 26, 1994)

that produced ecclesiastical

edifices and structures of modernity in the service of God and humanity.

Major Works:
• Meralco Building (Pasig Cty)
• Sto. Domingo Church and Convent (Quezon City)
• Metropolitan Cathedral of Cebu City
• Villa San Miguel, Mandaluyoung

Sto. Domingo Church, Quezon City (Image credit: Elmer

Domingo via Wikimedia Commons)

Source:https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/

15
 National Artist of for Film and Broadcast Arts

Catalino “Lino” Ortiz Brocka, director

for film and broadcast arts, espoused
the term “freedom of expression” in
the Philippine Constitution. Brocka
took his social activist spirit to the
screen leaving behind 66 films which
breathed life and hope for the
National Artist for Film and Broadcast Arts (1997) marginalized sectors of society —
(April 3, 1939 – May 22, 1991)
slum-dwellers, prostitutes,
construction workers, etc.
To name a few, Brocka’s films include the following:
• “Santiago” (1970)
• “Wanted: Perfect Mother” (1970)
• “Tubog sa Ginto” (1971)
• “Tinimbang Ka Ngunit Kulang” (1974)

Ishmael Bernal was a filmmaker of

the first order and one of the very
few who can be truly called a
maestro. Critics have hailed him as
“the genius of Philippine cinema.”
He is recognized as a director of
films that serve as social
commentaries and bold reflections
National Artist for Cinema (2001)
(September 30, 1938 – June 2, 1996) on the existing realities of the
struggle of the Filipino. His art
extends beyond the confines of aesthetics.
Among his notable films are
• “Pahiram ng Isang Umaga” (1989)
• “Broken Marriage” (1983), “Himala” (1982)
• “City After Dark” (1980)

Ronald Allan K. Poe, popularly

National Artist for Cinema (2006)
(August 20, 1939 – December 14, 2004)
support his family.
known as Fernando Poe, Jr., was
a cultural icon of tremendous
audience impact and cinema artist
and craftsman–as actor, director,
writer and producer. Poe was born
in Manila on August 20, 1939.
After the death of his father, he
dropped out of the University of
the East in his sophomore year to

16
The image of the underdog was projected in some his films such as;
• Apollo Robles (1961)
• Batang Maynila (1962), Mga Alabok sa Lupa (1967)
• Batang Matador and Batang Estibador (1969)
• Ako ang Katarungan (1974)
• Panday series (1980, 1981, 1982, 1984)

Born on October 9, 1915 and

christened Manuel Pabustan
Urbano, Manuel Conde grew up and
studied in Daet, Camarines Norte. In
the decades before and after World
War II when Philippine society was
being inundated by American popular
National Artist for Cinema (2009)
(October 9, 1915 – August 11, 1985)
culture, Conde invested local cinema
with a distinct cultural history of its own
through movies that translated onto the silver screen the age-old stories that Filipinos had told
and retold from generation to generation for at least the past one hundred years.
Some major works:
• Ibong Adarna (1941)
• Si Juan Tamad (1947)
• Siete Infantes de Lara (1950)
• Juan Tamad Goes to Congress (1959)

Source:https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/

National Artist of for Fashion Design

The contribution of Ramon Valera,

whose family hails from Abra, lies in
the tradition of excellence of his
works, and his commitment to his
profession, performing his magical
seminal innovations on the
Philippine terno. Valera constructed
the terno’s butterfly sleeves, giving National Artist for Fashion Design (2006)
(August 31, 1912 – May 25, 1972)
them a solid, built-in but hidden
support. To the world, the butterfly
sleeves became the terno’s defining feature. Even today, Filipino fashion designers study
Valera’s ternos: its construction, beadworks, applique, etc. *Valera helped mold generations
of artists and helped fashion to become no less than a nation’s sense of aesthetics. But more
important than these, he helped form a sense of the Filipino nation by his pursuit of excellence.

Source:https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/

17
VI. Practice Task No. 1: In a long bond paper, answer the
practice task A and B.
A. Read each statement below carefully. Write T if you think a statement is TRUE and F
if you think the statement is FALSE.

1. Fernando Amorsolo is the first national artist in the Philippines with the official title
“Grand Old Man of Philippine Art”.
2. Carlos Quirino is the national artist for historical literature (1998).
3. Jovita Fuentes is national artist who portrayed the role of cio-cio san in Giacomo
Puccini’s Madame Butterfly at Italy.
4. Ramon Valera, whose family hails from Bohol.
5. Manuel Conde grew up and studied in Daet, Camarines Norte.

B. Copy the table below and give the National Artist who were identified for its
major work or contribution.

National Artist Major Work / Contribution

Rama Hari 1980
Ode Freedom
Bato Sa buhangin
San ka man naroon?
“Pahiram ng Isang Umaga” (1989)
Meralco Building (Pasig Cty)
Maiden in a Stream (1921)
Life-size busts of Jose Rizal at UP and UE
OISTAT
Terno’s butterfly sleeves

Practice Task No. 2: In long bond paper, discuss the order (year
awarded) of National Artists of the Philippines using the table below
and guide questions either handwritten or computer generated.

Art Form Year Artist Major Work /Contributions

Music
Dance
Theater
Visual Arts
Literature
Architecture
Film
Fashion Design

Practice Task No. 3: Commented [dgym12]: Put Roman Numeral VI before the
word Practice …
Direction:
There must be 3 Practice Tasks to be included in this Part of the
Step 1: Choose a specific National Artist Module … from the Most simplest to the Most Complex Type
Step 2: Analyze his/her craft and artworks.
18
 Step 3: Respond to the questions below in 3 sentences.
In long bond paper, answer the following questions. It could be handwritten or
computer generated.

Questions that you need to answer. Commented [dgym13]: Complete the instructions. Where will
the students write their answers?
1. What is the expertise of your chosen National Artists?
2. Describe the art works of such National Artist.
3. Why do you find his/her art works / craft interesting?

Source:
• Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions for Senior High School, Mindshapers
Co., Inc., 2017, 77

Rubric
4 3 2 1
All directions were 2 directions were 1 direction was None of the
followed followed followed directions is followed
You restated the You restated most You restated some You did not restates
questions in an parts of the part of the the questions.
original way. questions. questions.
You answers all the You answers most You answers some You did not answer
questions correctly of the questions of the questions the questions
correctly correctly correctly
You look your time You used your time You worked hard for You showed less
and worked hard on and worked hard in most of the time. effort into the activity
the activity task. preparing the activity

VII. Post Test: Commented [dgym14]: Put Roman Numeral VII before the
word Post…

Complete the given instructions… Where will the students write

Essay: In ½ sheet of paper (crosswise), answer the essay questions in five their answers?
sentences. Commented [dgym15]: This should be in Tabular Format and
should be put below the Direction.

Who do you think among our present artists can be compared to our
National Artists and why?
Rubric
Criteria 10 points
Content Show concise but correct
idea about the topic being
discuss
Organization Can express own ideas
clearly using correct
grammar
(Own ideas are clearly
stated using correct
grammar)
Mechanics Follows proper format in
writing a paragraph using
correct punctuation marks
6 points 4pts
Some ideas are not Few ideas about the
related with the topic topic are being shown
in the paragraph.
Own Ideas are clearly Own ideas are not
stated but with few clearly stated and use
errors in grammar more errors in
grammar
Follows proper format in Not following proper
writing a paragraph but format in writing a
with few errors in using paragraph and did not
punctuations marks use correct
punctuations marks

19
VIII. Assignment/Additional Activities: Watch the following Commented [dgym16]: Put Roman Numeral VIII before the
word Assignment …
video clips in www.youtube.com and in a long bond paper, Justified Format pls… Complete the instructions on how the students
explain how the National Artists were portrayed in the will answer the assignment…. Where to put the answers.

videos?. It could be handwritten or computer generated.

• Sagisag Kultura TV: Leonor Orosa-Goquinco

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8FVY_CsMpk)

• Daisy Avellana - Art2art June 30, 2013 Episode

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhMJ3JWR3v0)

Rubric
Criteria 5 points 3 points 1pt
Content Show concise but correct Some ideas are not Few ideas about the
idea about the topic being related with the topic topic are being shown
discuss in the paragraph.
Organization Can express own ideas Own Ideas are clearly Own ideas are not
clearly using correct stated but with few clearly stated and use
grammar errors in grammar more errors in
(Own ideas are clearly grammar
stated using correct
grammar)
Mechanics Follows proper format in Follows proper format in Not following proper
writing a paragraph using writing a paragraph but format in writing a
correct punctuation marks with few errors in using paragraph and did not
punctuations marks use correct
punctuations marks

20
IX. Answer Key Commented [dgym17]: Put Roman Numeral IX before the
word Answer…

Pls. include also the answer key in the Learning Activities, Practice
Pre Test Learning Activity Tasks and Assignment . (If the expected answers are open-ended
give also some “possible answers”. Pls include them also here..
1. Daisy Avellana 1. Fernando Amorsolo
2. Wilfrido Ma. Guerero 2. Fernando Poe Jr.
3. Honorata Dela Rama 3. Ramon Valera
4. Levi Celerio 4. Levi Celerio
5. Victorio C. Edades 5. Jose Maria Zaragoza

Practice Task No. 1: Commented [dgym18]: Don’t forget to write ALL your
References and Sources of info and graphics/illustrations on the Last
A. B. page of the Module.
6. True National Artist Major Work / Contribution
7. False Alice Reyes Rama Hari 1980
8. True
Antonino Buenaventura Ode Freedom
9. False
10. True Ernani Cuenco Bato Sa buhangin
Levi Celerio San ka man naroon?
Ishmael Bernal “Pahiram ng Isang Umaga”
(1989)
José María V. Zaragoza Meralco Building (Pasig Cty)
Fernando Amorsolo Maiden in a Stream (1921)
Guillermo Estrella Tolentino Life-size busts of Jose Rizal at
UP and UE
Salvador Bernal OISTAT
Ramon Valera Terno’s butterfly sleeves

Practice Task No. 2:

Art Form Year Artist Major Work /Contributions

Music 1976 Jovita Fuentes Liu Yu in Puccini’s Turandot
1987 Honorata Dela Rama Puri at Buhay
1989 Lucrecia Kasilag Legend of the Sarimanok
Levi Celerio San Ka Man Naroon?
Jose Maceda Uldot-Uldot
Dance 1973 Francisca Aquino National Dances 1946
1976 Leonor Goguingco TREND: Return to Native
1988 Lucrecia Urtula Salidsid
2006 Ramon Obusan Unpublished Dances of the
Philippines
2014 Alice Reyes Rama Hari 1980
Theater 1976 Lamberto Avellana Sergeant Hasan 1967
1997 Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero Wanted: A Chaperon
1997 Rolando Tinio Sarswela and opening a
treasure-house of
contemporary Western drama

21
 1999 Daisy Avellana Othello (1953), Macbeth in
Black (1959), Casa de
Bernarda Alba (1967), Tatarin
2003 Salvador Bernal CCP Production Design Center
PATDAT
OISTAT
Visual Arts 1972 Fernando Amorsolo Maiden in a Stream (1921)-
GSIS collection
El Ciego (1928)-Central Bank
of the Philippines collection
Dalagang Bukid (1936) – Club
Filipino collection
1973 Guillermo Tolentino The bronze figures
of President Quezon at
Quezon Memorial
Life-size busts of Jose Rizal at
UP and UE
1976 Victorio Edades Japanese Girl
Mother and The Sketch
The Artist and the Model

1981 Vicente Manansala Still Life with Green Guitar

Via Crucis
Whirr
Nude
2006 Abdulmari Imao Industrial Mural, Central Bank
of the Philippines, San
Fernando, La Union
Industry Brass Mural,
Philippine National Bank, San
Fernando, La Union
Sulu Warriors (statues of
Panglima Unaid and Captain
Abdurahim Imao)
Literature 1982 Carlos Romulo Memoirs of his many years’
affiliations with United Nations
(UN)
Forty Years: A Third World
Soldier at the UN
The Philippine Presidents
1997 N.V.M. Gonzalez The Bread of Salt and Other
Stories
Work on the Mountain
The Novel of Justice.
1997 Carlos Quirino Quezon
Man of Destiny
Magsaysay of the Philippines
1999 Edith Tiempo The novel A Blade of
Fern (1978)

22
 The Native Coast (1979)
The Alien Corn (1992)
2006 Bienvenido Lumbera Tagalog Poetry
1570-1898: Tradition and
Influences in its Development
Philippine Literature: A History
and Anthology
2014 Cirilo Bautista Summer Suns (1963)
Words and Battlefields (1998)
The Trilogy of Saint
Lazarus (2001)

Architecture 1976 Pablo S. Antonio Far Eastern University

Administration and Science
buildings;
Manila Polo Club; Ideal
Theater;
Lyric Theater;
Galaxy Theater;
1990 Leandro V. Locsin Folk Arts Theater
Philippine International
Convention Center
Philcite and The Westin Hotel
By the SunKing (Own work) via Wikimedia Co
(now Sofitel Philippine Plaza)
2014 Jose Maria V. Zaragoza Meralco Building (Pasig Cty)
Sto. Domingo Church and
Convent (Quezon City)
Metropolitan Cathedral of
Cebu City
Villa San Miguel,
Mandaluyoung.
2018 Francisco Mañosa San Miguel Building, Ortigas
Center, Pasig City
Our Lady of Peace Shrine,
EDSA, Quezon City
Metrorail Transit System
Stations for LRT 1, circa 1980s
Quezon Memorial Circle
Development Plan
Film 1997 Lino Brocka “Santiago” (1970)
“Wanted: Perfect Mother”
(1970)
“Tubog sa Ginto” (1971)
2001 Ishmael Bernal “Pahiram ng Isang Umaga”
(1989)
“Broken Marriage” (1983),
“Himala” (1982)
“City After Dark” (1980)

23
 2006 Fernando Poe Jr. Batang Matador and Batang
Estibador (1969)
Ako ang Katarungan (1974)
Panday series (1980, 1981,
1982, 1984)
2009 Manuel Conde Ibong Adarna (1941)
Si Juan Tamad (1947)
Siete Infantes de Lara (1950)
Fashion Design 2006 Ramon O. Valera Terno’s butterfly sleeves

Post Test:
(Answers may vary)

Assignment:
(Answers may vary)

24
REFERENCES:

Rianne Hill Soriano - October 26, 2018, A Young Filmmaker’s Tale About National Artist for
Cinema Kidlat Tahimik, http://riannehillsoriano.com/blog/young-filmmaker-s-tale-about-
national-artist-for-cinema-kidlat-tahimik/

Posted on January 30, 2012 by sapot, Filipiniana Book of the Week: The National Artists of
the Philippines, https://xsilrc.wordpress.com/tag/filipiniana/

The Merriam Webster Dictionary, International Edition, Merriam-Webster Incorporated

Springfield, Massachusetts, 2014

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions for Senior High School, Mindshapers Co., Inc.,
2017, 71

The Order of National Artists, https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/

Order of National Artists: Jose Maceda, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/jose-maceda/

Order of National Artists: Lucrecia R. Kasilag, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/lucrecia-r-kasilag/

Order of National Artists: Levi Celerio, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/levi-celerio/

Order of National Artists: Jovita Fuentes, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/jovita-fuentes/

Order of National Artists: Honorata “Atang” Dela Rama, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/honorata-atang-dela-rama/

Order of National Artists: Francisca Reyes Aquino, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/francisca-reyes-aquino/

Order of National Artists: Ramon Obusan, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/ramon-obusan/

Order of National Artists: Alice Reyes, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/alice-reyes/

Order of National Artists: Leonor Orosa Goquingco, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/leonor-orosa-goquingco/

25
Order of National Artists: Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-
arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/lucrecia-reyes-urtula/

Order of National Artists: Daisy H. Avellana, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/daisy-h-avellana/

Order of National Artists: Rolando S. Tinio, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/rolando-s-tinio/

Order of National Artists: Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/wilfrido-ma-guerrero/

Order of National Artists: Salvador F. Bernal, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/salvador-f-bernal/

Order of National Artist: Lamberto V. Avellana, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/lamberto-v-avellana/

Order of National Artists: Fernando Amorsolo, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/fernando-amorsolo/

Order of National Artists: Abdulmari Asia Imao, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/abdulmari-asia-imao/

Order of National Artists: Guillermo Tolentino, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/guillermo-tolentino/

Order of National Artists: Victorio Edades, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/victorio-c-edades/

Order of National Artists: Vicente Manansala, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/vicente-manansala/

Order of National Artists: Edith L. Tiempo, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/edith-l-tiempo/

Order of National Artists: Bienvenido Lumbera, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/bienvenido-lumbera/

Order of National Artists: NVM Gonzalez, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/nvm-gonzalez/

Order of National Artists: Cirilo F. Bautista, https:// ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/cirilo-f-bautista/

Order of National Artists: Carlos P. Romulo, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/carlos-p-romulo/

Order of National Artists: Carlos Quirino, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/carlos-quirino/

26
Order of National Artists: Pablo S. Antonio, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-
profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/pablo-s-antonio/

Order of National Artists: Leandro V. Locsin, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/leandro-v-locsin/

Francisco T. Mañosa, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-

artists-of-the-philippines/francisco-manosa/

Order of National Artists: José María V. Zaragoza, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/jose-maria-v-zaragoza/

Order of National Artists: Lino Brocka, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/lino-brocka/

Order of National Artists: Ishmael Bernal, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/ishmael-bernal/

Order of National Artists: Fernando Poe, Jr., https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-

arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/ronald-allan-k-poe/

Order of National Artists: Manuel Conde, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/manuel-conde/

Order of National Artists: Ramon Valera, https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-

profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/ramon-valera/

Ethel Magalona, M.A., Ma. Anne Zoleta, M.A., Aisa P. Arlos, M.A. Ed, Contemporary
Philippine Arts from the Regions for Senior High School, Mindshapers Co., Inc., 2017, 77

27