INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR

For nonmagnetic material, the inductance L is the ratio of its total

magnetic flux linkage to the current I, given by

Flux linkage of a long conductor.

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 INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR
• The magnetic field intensity 𝐻𝑥, at a point x from the centre is
given by or
• The Ampere’s law relating magnetic field intensity, 𝐻𝑥 to the
current 𝐼𝑥 is given by
(1)

(2)

• where 𝐼𝑥 is the current enclosed at radius x. Equation (2) is all that

required for evaluating the flux linkage 𝜆 of a conductor.
• The inductance of the conductor can be defined as the sum
of contributions from flux linkages internal and external to the
conductor.

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 Internal Inductance
• Internal inductance can be obtained for the internal flux linkage by
neglecting the skin effect and assuming uniform current density
throughout the conductor cross section i.e.,

(3)

Substitute Ix in (2)

(4)

For a nonmagnetic material (𝜇r = 1), conductor with constant

permeability 𝜇0, the magnetic flux density is given by
𝐵𝑥 = 𝜇0𝐻𝑥, or

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 Internal Inductance
Magnetic Flux Density, (5)

• where 𝜇0 is the permeability of free space (or air) and is equal

to 4𝜋× 10−7𝐻/𝑚.
• The differential flux 𝑑𝜙 for a small region of thickness 𝑑𝑥 and
one meter length of the conductor is
(6)

•This flux 𝑑𝜙𝑥 links (with the current Ix) only the fraction of the
conductor from the center to radius x.

• On the assumption of uniform current density, only the fraction

𝜋𝑥2/𝜋𝑟2 of the total current is linked by the flux, i.e.,

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 Internal Inductance
(7)

The total flux linkage is found by integrating 𝑑𝜆𝑥 from 0 to r

(8)

from
The inductance due to the internal flux linkage is
(9)

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 Inductance Due To External Flux Linkage
Inductance Due To External Flux Linkage
• Consider 𝐻𝑥 external to the conductor at radius 𝑥 > 𝑟. Since
the circle at radius x encloses the entire current 𝐼𝑥 = 𝐼 and in
equation (2) 𝐼𝑥 is replaced by I and the flux density at radius x
becomes
(10)

Flux linkage between D1 D 2

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 Inductance Due To External Flux Linkage
• Since the entire current 𝐼 is linked by the flux outside the
conductor
• The flux linkage 𝑑𝜆𝑥 = 𝑑𝜙𝑥. The differential flux 𝑑𝜙𝑥 for a
small region of thickness 𝑑𝑥 and one meter length of the
conductor is then given by
(11)

The external flux linkage between two points 𝐷1 and 𝐷2 is

found by integrating 𝑑𝜆𝑥 from 𝐷1 to 𝐷2

(12)

The inductance between two points external to a conductor is

then
(13)

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 INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR

Total Inductance, L = L int + L ext

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 Inductance of a single phase two wire lines
Consider one meter length of a single phase line consisting of two solid
round conductors of radius 𝑟1 and 𝑟2

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 Inductance of a single phase two wire lines
(14)
The total inductance of conductor 1 is then

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Inductance of a single phase two wire lines

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