Cambridge Lower Secondary

Science 0893

Topic 3.3
Describing Movement
Page : 84 – 90 Cambridge Lower Secondary Science - Learner's Book 8
Pages are uploaded on GCR
 2

Today’s End In Mind

Learners will :

×learn how to use graphs to describe movement

×understand what a distance/time graph shows
×Identify the motion of an object using distance-time graph
×learn to draw a distance/time graph
 3

Today's End in Mind - Day 1

×Take notes from this presentation in your Physics Exercise Journal

×Attempt Questions 1-3 from learners book in your journal
 4

What is Graph?
Graph is a pictorial way of representing information and shows relationship between
two variables.

Why we use graphs?

Graphs are more useful than words for describing movement because:
• it is easier to see trends and patterns
• you can read any value of distance or time during the journey, from the graph
• other values, such as speed, can be calculated from the graph
• information about the whole journey can be seen easily.

Where do we use graphs?

Weather forecast, sports, budget reporting etc.
 5

What is a Distance – Time Graph?

A type of graph in which a distance moved by an object is displayed on the vertical
axis that is y-axis where as the time elapsed is on the horizontal axis that is x-axis.

Which physical quantity do we analyze from a

Distance – Time Graph?
Speed

Important Scientific Terms:

 6
Observe the graph and answer following questions.

- How far did the object travel in 4 s? 40 m

- How much time was taken by the object to cover 20 m? 2 s
- What is the speed of object at 2 s? 20/2 = 10 m/s
 7

Observe the given observation table and answer following questions.

- What is the distance covered by Ali at 4 s? 20 m

- How much time was taken by Ali to cover 10 m? 2 s
- What is the speed of Ali at 5 s? 25/5 = 5 m/s
 8
Plot a Graph? distance/m = 10 20 30 Scale : on x axis : 1 big box = 1 s
on y axis : 1 big box = 10 m
time/s = 1 2 3 y axis

× Mark origin and label as “0"

× Draw x-axis horizontally and y-axis vertically Distance/ m

30 x
× label x-axis with time and its S.I unit second
20 x
× label y-axis with distance and its S.I Unit metre
x
10
× Mark scale : for example:
O 1 2 3
× on x axis : 1 big box = 1 s
x axis
Time /s
× on y axis : 1 big box = 10 m

× Mark intervals

× Plot the data with a small “x” and join all points using a sharp pencil
 9

Motion of Object
Observe the graphs and discuss the motion of the object

object is moving with

Object at rest/not Object moves with constant speed at A, then
moving/stationary: constant/steady/uniform comes to the rest at B.
You will observe a speed : You will always Again starts to move with
horizontal straight line observe a straight constant speed at C and
parallel to x axis. diagonal line. then comes to rest at D.
 10
Example : This is a distance/time graph.
It shows the journey of a car froma
starting position, A, to a destination, C.
11
 12
Motion of Object
The distance time graph
represents the movement
of two cars, Small and large .
Which car has the greatest speed?
Explain your answer.
Small car.
The steeper slope of the small car
indicates that it covers more distance
per unit time or greater distance in each second
as compare to the large car.
 13
Motion of Object
Observe the graph and state
the distance covered by
a. Small car at 40 s.
b. Large car at 40 s.

Answers:
a. Small car covers 5 m at 40 s.

b. Large car covers 3 m at 40 s.

 14
Motion of Object
The distance time-graph for the x
motion of a car is shown. x
Discuss the motion of the car by x
analyzing the graph.
Car is moving with constant/steady/
uniform speed.
Using the graph, calculate the total distance travelled by the car?
20 metres
How long the car will take to cover 15 metres?
06 seconds
What is the distance covered by the car at 4 seconds?
10 metres
Calculate the speed of the car at 6 seconds.
v = s/t v = 15/6 v = 2.5 m/s speed = 2.5 m/s
 Thank you!
✔ Question / Answer ?
You can Post your queries on the Google Classroom for further clarification.
You can send an email to us at :

a.yousuf@generations.edu.pk
n.husnain@generations.edu.pk
t.asif@generations.edu.pk
z.shakeel@generations.edu.pk