Tanishq 17001006076 Final Submission

B. Arch. 9th Sem.
Dissertation (Oct-Dec 2021)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MURTHAL (SONEPAT)
Department of Architecture
Faculty of Architecture, Urban & Town Planning
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES. HOW IS

ECOTOURISM RELATED TO SUSTAINABILITY?
Dissertation Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement as a subject of

Bachelor of Architecture (B. ARCH.) 9th Semester
TANISHQ SINGHAL
17001006076
Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 1

B. Arch. 9th Sem. Dissertation (Oct-Dec 2021)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MURTHAL (SONEPAT)
Department of Architecture
Faculty of Architecture, Urban & Town Planning
Certified that this Dissertation titled ‘SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES.

HOW IS ECOTOURISM RELATED TO SUSTAINABILITY?’ is the bonafide work of
TANISHQ SINGHAL (17001006076) who carried out the work under my supervision. Certified further
that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other Dissertation
based on which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.
Dissertation Supervisor
Ar. Sneh
Prof. (Dr.) Vijay Kumar Prof. (Dr.) Parveen

Dissertation Coordinator Chairperson
B. Arch, 9th Sem, Section-B
Oct-Dec 2021

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 CHOICE OF THE DISSERTATION TOPIC
1.3.1 SOLUTION FOR THE UNSOLVED
1.3.2 MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ENRICHING RESEARCH QUALITY
1.3.3 LEARNING FACTORS
2. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION
2.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
2.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
2.3 SOURCES AND COLLECTION OF BASIC DATA
1.5.1 LITERATURE STUDY
1.5.2 CASE STUDIES AND SURVEYS
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1 TOURISM IN THE NATION
3.1.1 INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY
3.1.2 IMPACT ON GDP
3.1.3 POST COVID
3.1.4 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
3.1.5 FUTURE OF INDUSTRY
3.1.6 IMPACT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY
3.1.7 MAIN COMPONENT OF BETTER TOURISM PRODUCT
3.2 DEFINING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
3.2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
3.2.2 DEFINING ECOTOURISM
3.2.3 ECOTOURISM V/S SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
3.2.4 EXPLAINING THE FACTORS.
3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND TOURISM

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3.3.1 SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3.3.2 NEED FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3.3.3 STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3.3.4 BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3.3.5 CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3.4 ROLE OF KEY COMPONENTS
3.4.1 ROLE OF TOURISM DESTINATIONS
3.4.2 ROLE OF TOUR OPERATORS
3.4.3 ROLE OF STAKE HOLDERS
3.4.4 ROLE OF BUILT STRUCTURE
3.4.5 OTHER FEATURES
4. DESIGN TECHNIQUES
4.1 CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES
4.2 TYPES OF SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS
4.3 SITE RESOURCES FOR LOWERING BUILDING LOADS AND IMPROVING
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
4.4 ENERGY-BASED SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
5. CASE STUDIES
5.1 DEFINING THE SELECTION OF CASE STUDIES
5.2 TREE HOUSE RESORT, JAIPUR
5.3 MARANG RESORT AND SAFARI, TERENGGANU
5.4 CHUMBE ISLAND CORAL PARK, TANZANIA
5.5 SHILPGRAM, UDAIPUR
6. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
7. CONCLUSION
8. REFERENCES

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Identifying various tourist destinations ..................................................................... 11

Figure 2 Direct contribution of travel and tourism to gdp ....................................................... 12
Figure 3 Top ten countries for ftas ........................................................................................... 13
Figure 4 Tourism contribution to gdp ...................................................................................... 14
Figure 5 Benefits of sustainable tourism ................................................................................. 20
Figure 6 Design techniques ...................................................................................................... 28
Figure 7 Satellite view of tree house resort, jaipur .................................................................. 34
Figure 8 Site plan tree house resort, jaipur .............................................................................. 35
Figure 9 Site plan of marang resort. ........................................................................................ 38
Figure 10 A view of the ecolodges and water body................................................................. 40
Figure 11 A view of the chalets/ecolodges among the coconuts and mangrove trees. ............ 40
Figure 12 Satellite view of the shilpagram, udaipur ................................................................ 43
Figure 13 A view of the stalls………………………………………………………………………………………………44
figure 14 A view captured of the built structures.................................................................... 44

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
ABSTRACT
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES. HOW IS

ECOTOURISM RELATED TO SUSTAINABILITY?
this research is based on the topic “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING

ECONOMIES. HOW IS ECOTOURISM RELATED TO SUSTAINABILITY?”. it will
benefit us in knowing the importance of tourism in a nation’s economy along with the
importance of sustainability in achieving it. it will also help in unveiling the strategies used in
making a building sustainable as well as its benefits and bring awareness in the construction
sector.
It is no secret that the tourism industry has suffered greatly as a result of Covid-19. It also
brings a lot of change to the tourism industry's standard operating procedures (SOPs). This
study will aid in the comprehension of the tourism industry's new SOPs in the post-covid era.
The infrastructure will be explored in terms of several design ideas and building
methodologies. As a result, this whole study will assist in developing effective conclusions that
will assist people in moving toward effective solutions for sustainable tourism.
KEYWORDS: sustainable tourism, eco-tourism, infrastructure, tourism economy, tourism

destinations, built structure, covid-19, case studies

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
1.1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF THE PROJECT:
Ecology in architecture, as the term, depicts deals with the study of a blend between
architecture with ecology.
Architecture has seen changes in the past. The environment has been handled as preservation
by evolution, which has occasionally resulted in its destruction.
Human interventions in nature, such as construction, have disrupted the natural balance. Nature
influences and is influenced by architecture intricately. Either through the materials used in
building or the energy used or released.
When it comes to sustainable tourism, India's economy has become increasingly reliant on it.
Sustainable tourism will be a powerful tool for creating a safer and more environmentally
friendly tourism industry.
The economy of a region has been boosted by tourism. Tourism necessitates human
intervention. Humans degrade nature, particularly in the form of architecture, in regions where
tourism is the most important source of economic growth.
People all across the world are now aware of the need of preserving nature and its resources.
They intend to experiment with these tactics after building multiple concrete jungles and
ruthlessly destroying nature. As a result, they have prepared the way for long-term success.
So, in my report, based on the blend between ecological architecture and sustainable tourism,
the research scope would be for the study of –
• Sustainable materials
• Construction techniques for building an eco-design
• Design measures associated with eco-design
• Role of tourism in the project
• Tourism affecting the eco-design and sustainability
• Measures to be taken to promote sustainable tourism
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT:

The following issues have been discovered with this type of project: - Proper analysis of the
geographical setting of a region - Cost-effective attitude toward the project
- People's awareness of eco-balance.
- There is a lack of effective tourism.
- People's lack of commitment to a long-term strategy - People's lack of awareness about
the need for environmental preservation.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
As a result of our lack of understanding and inappropriate use of resources, this study
project will also try to raise awareness among those who are unaware of such activities.
1.3 CHOICE OF THE DISSERTATION TOPIC:
Ecology-related designs are undoubtedly being developed all over the world. Somehow, many
of the designs succeed; nonetheless, some of the designs stray from their original route.
Of course, the scope of the project and the activities associated with it may have a role in the
departure, but the project's underlying notion, as expressed in the name, is unjustified.
Lack of awareness is a major problem in our country. As a result, I chose this topic to learn
about all of the measures associated with ecology-related designs and sustainable tourism to
foster a healthy living environment that has arisen naturally.
This type of human intervention in nature will not affect the environment, allowing us to keep
our concept of sustainability.
1.3.1 Solution for the unsolved:

this helps find various techniques and methods to make a structure sustainable.
1.3.2 Motivational elements that influence research quality include:
• The relationship between sustainability and the ecotourism business will be better
understood with this topic.
• The importance of the tourism industry in a developing economy will be highlighted
by several aspects.
• Many methods and construction techniques will be discussed to bring awareness about
sustainability
1.3.3 Learning factors:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• The project will define the relationship between the two words, namely sustainable
tourism, and eco-designing, thereby adding a new dimension to the project and serving
as a learning process in and of itself.
• The initiative will also attempt to produce outcomes for the standards that will be
defined for environmentally friendly built structures.
2. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION
2.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The goal of this study is to learn more about the design processes related to eco-design. Most
architects and designers dislike eco-design since it is time-intensive and most clients dislike it.
Although eco-design is vital in today's world as we become more concerned about
environmental preservation.
The primary purpose is to establish an orientation guide for tourism project development
decision-making units.
Objectives to be covered in the study –

• To study the construction techniques for eco-design
• Design measures for an eco-design
• Tourism activities in the area
• Promoting sustainable tourism
2.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:
• The project's main goal is to study about construction of eco-tourism parks without
harming the environment or existing resources.
• I'll discuss the practices, strategies, and various measurements that can be used to create
ecologically balanced architectural structures that meet the demands of sustainability
while causing no harm to the environment.
• To develop a link between the three, Ecology will be linked to sustainable strategies in
my research.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
2.3 SOURCES AND COLLECTION OF BASIC DATA:
2.3.1 Literature Study:
The data will be collected by –

• Available building bye-laws of the region
• Data of the tourism-related activities of the region
• Data collected by the meteorological department for weather reports.
• Data collected by the research papers
2.3.2 Case Studies:
The data collected by the case studies will include:

• Adopted construction measures
• Materials used
3. LITERATURE REVIEW:
3.1 TOURISM IN THE NATION:
Tourism in India has grown in leaps and bounds over the years, with each region of India
contributing something to its splendor and exuberance.
India has got a geographical location, natural resources as well as the historical and cultural
background which are quite conducive for the development of tourism in the nation.
However, the nation holds some powerful tourist destinations which enhances the GDP of the
nation such as –
• Kerala
• Himachal Pradesh
• Madhya Pradesh
• Uttarakhand
• Rajasthan etc.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Figure 1 Identifying various tourist destinations
The tourism industry also contributed significantly to the growth of the industry. The ministry's
'Incredible India' campaign highlighted India's culture and tourist attractions in a new and
unforgettable way. The campaign contributed to the creation of a vibrant picture of India in the
minds of consumers all over the world, resulting in an increase in visitor interest.
Tourism is one of the country's three primary industries, and it has a direct impact on economic
growth. It is recognised as the economy's largest contributor, followed by agriculture.
3.1.1 INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY
Travel and tourism were India's largest service industry in 2018, with a $234 billion market
value. With earnings of $29.962 billion between January 2019 and December 2019, the tourist
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
industry in India has become one of the leading Foreign Exchange Earners, indicating a 4.8
percent rise over the previous year.
The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) estimates that India's tourism industry
generated $194 billion, or 6.8 percent of the country's GDP, in 2019 and supported 39.80
million jobs.
3.1.2 IMPACT ON GDP
The travel and tourism industry contributes for 7.3 percent of GDP and 6.5 percent of total
exports. In addition, the tourist industry accounts for 2.7% of overall employment in the
economy. Because it is a highly labor-intensive industry, it employs skilled, semi-skilled, and
unskilled workers. In 2020, the travel and tourism sector in India generated approximately 4.7
percent of the country's overall GDP. This was a considerable decline when compared to about
7% the prior year.
The country's foreign exchange profits climbed from Rs. 2613 crore in 1990 to Rs. 123320
crore in 2014. In 2014, the average annual growth rate of foreign exchange earnings was 14.5%.
Figure 2Direct contribution of travel and tourism to GDP

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Figure 3TOP TEN COUNTRIES FOR FTAS
3.1.3 POST COVID
Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) were 376,083 between January and April 2021, compared to
2.35 million between January and April 2020, a negative rise of -84.0 percent Y-o-Y due to
COVID-19.
By 2028, international tourist visits are expected to total 30.5 billion, earning $59 billion in
revenue. Domestic visitors, on the other hand, are expected to help the economy recover
following the pandemic.
International hotel chains are extending their footprint in India, and by 2020, they will account
for roughly 47% of the country's tourist and hospitality sector, rising to 50% by 2022.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Figure 4TOURISM CONTRIBUTION TO GDP
3.1.4 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

The Indian government has recognised India's tourism potential and has made many initiatives
to make the country a global tourism hub.
The following are some of the significant efforts planned by the Indian government to promote
the country's tourist and hospitality sectors:
• The Indian government hold a conference in November 2021 to promote local
filmmaking locations as preferred filming locations. This measure is anticipated to
enhance tourism in the country and create jobs.
• Mr. Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India, announced the opening of the
Kushinagar International Airport in Uttar Pradesh in October 2021 to encourage
tourism.
• The Government of India has allocated Rs. 207.55 crore (US$ 29.70 million) under the
PRASHAD initiative in Budget 2020-21.
• Under Budget 2020-21, the Government of India has allotted Rs. 1,200 crore (US$
171.70 million) for the development of tourist circuits under Swadesh Darshan for eight
Northeast states.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3.1.5 FUTURE OF INDUSTRY
Staycation is an increasing trend in which individuals stay at opulent hotels to relax and unwind
in a tranquil setting. Major hotel chains such as Marriott International, IHG Hotels & Resorts,
and Oberoi Hotels are launching staycation deals that allow visitors to select from a variety of
personalised experiences within the hotel to meet these needs.
The travel and tourism business in India has enormous growth potential. The tourism industry
is also anticipating the development of the e-Visa programme, which is expected to quadruple
the number of visitors to India. According to a joint study undertaken by Assocham and Yes
Bank, India's travel and tourism business has the potential to grow by 2.5 percent as a result of
increased budgetary allocation and low-cost healthcare.
3.1.6 IMPACT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY
Tourism activities create adverse impacts on the environment as positive and negative impacts.
Positive impacts:
• Generating income and employment
• Source of foreign exchange earnings
• Preservation of natural heritage and environment
• Developing infrastructure
• Promoting peace and stability
Negative impacts:
• Undesirable social and cultural change
• Increases tension and hostility
• Creating a sense of antipathy
• Adverse impacts on environment and ecology
• Increased pressure on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in each tourist locality
• Seasonal job in this sector
• Increased prices

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3.1.7 MAIN COMPONENTS OF A BETTER TOURISM PRODUCT
The main components of a better product are discussed below:
1. Attractions:
These aspects, alone and/or in combination, within the destination's (tourism product)
environment, provide succour as the primary motive for travellers. Natural attractions
(landscapes, seascapes, beaches, and climate), built attractions (historic and/or new townscapes
as in newly built resorts and purpose-built attractions such as theme parks), cultural attractions
(presentation of history and folklore organised as festivals and pageants, museums, and
theatre), and social attractions (festivals and pageants, museums, and theatre) are all examples
of attractions (opportunities to meet with, or encounter the residents of destinations, and
experience their lifestyle, to some extent).
However, the primary motive for business and other non-leisure travellers, such as visits to
friends and family, is their affinity and alliance with the destination, while leisure attractions
may still be a factor.
2. Accessibility:
Transportation infrastructure and technology are both concerned with access. Whilst transport
infrastructure includes airports, harbours, roadways and rail networks, transport technology
becomes significant in the form of costs of travel and the time consumed in reaching the
destination.
As a result, accessibility can be defined as the ease or difficulty with which visitors can reach
their preferred destinations. Even if a place or tourism product is supposed to be highly
exclusive, the three important criteria in transportation – cost, ease, and speed – have an impact
on its performance.
For most travellers, the form of transportation they choose is dictated by their destination.
There are advantages to specific modes, such as convenience, comfort, and perhaps speed, as
well as 'distractions,' such as safety, and the same time and expense limits.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3. Destination Facilities/Amenities:
The features within or associated with the destination that allows tourists' stay at destinations
and participation in tourist activities are referred to as destination facilities. Facilities are
specifically designed to meet the needs and desires of possible visitors from specific categories,
in quantities determined by market feasibility studies.
These services include all forms of lodging, restaurants, cafes, and bars, on-site transportation
(auto rentals and taxis), and other auxiliary services such as retailing, visitor information, and
so on.
However, there will undoubtedly be some overlap between attractions and facilities. A resort,
for example, may grow into its own attraction, but its primary business is catering facilities,
and it should be classified as such.
4. Images:
An image usually reflects the tourism product's inherent attributes, such as its design, quality,
attraction style, and constructed and social context. The natural focus shifts to images of
products when imagining the complete tourism offering from the perspective of consumers.
The perceptions, i.e., ideas and beliefs tourists (actual and future) hold about the things they
invest in, are a feature of all types of tourism products.
Images are important in the sense that they influence the buyer's decision. Images of tourism
products are not based on personal experience, but rather on information obtained from tourist
organizations and tourists who have previously experienced it.
Images are, without a doubt, incredibly powerful and telling motivators in holiday decision-
making. These are the natural targets for tourism product marketing to maintain, adjust, or
develop appropriate images to impact the expectations of future tourists.
5. Price:
The cost is determined by the attractions and services offered, with a range of rates to meet the
needs of different visitor segments. The overall cost of product elements such as travel, lodging,
and participation in a variety of specified services at the destination is referred to as the price.
The cost of tourist products varies depending on the physical distance travelled, the kind of
accommodation (deluxe or economy), the season of the year (peak/off-peak), and the sorts of
activities chosen.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3.2 DEFINING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Sustainable tourism refers to techniques employed in and by the tourism sector that are
environmentally friendly. It is a goal to recognize all of tourism's positive and bad
repercussions. Its goal is to increase favourable results while reducing negative ones.
Sustainable tourism satisfies the demands of today's visitors, the tourism sector, and host
communities without harming future generations' ability to satisfy their own requirements.
Sustainable tourism, according to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), should:
1) Make the best possible use of natural resources, which are crucial to tourism development,
by safeguarding essential ecological processes and contributing to the preservation of natural
heritage and biodiversity.
2) Promote international understanding and tolerance by respecting the socio-cultural
authenticity of host communities, preserving their built and live cultural heritage, and
upholding traditional values.
3) Ensure long-term economic viability by delivering equal socio-economic benefits to all
stakeholders, including as secure employment and income-earning opportunities for host
communities, as well as poverty reduction.
3.2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ARE:
1. Environment, natural resources, and animal protection

2. Providing socioeconomic benefits to populations living around tourist
attractions
3. Cultural heritage preservation and authentic tourism experiences
4. Bringing local communities and tourists together for mutual gain

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
5. Creating tourist opportunities that are inclusive and accessible.
3.2.2 DEFINING ECOTOURISM
Ecotourism is a niche segment of tourism in natural areas. The term emerged in the late 1980s.0
Fennell described it as such: “Ecotourism is a low-impact, non-consumptive, and locally

focused form of natural resource-based tourism that focuses largely on enjoying and learning
about nature. It is ethically managed to be low-impact, non-consumptive, and locally oriented.
Ecotourism should contribute to the conservation or preservation of natural regions, according
to Fennell (1999: 43. Ecotourism: An Introduction).
RESPONSIBLE
TOURISM
MINIMUM ALTERNATIVE
IMPACT TOURISM
TOURISM
SUSTAINABLE
TOURISM
SOFT
ECOTOURISM
TOURISM
3.2.3 ECOTOURISM VS SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
The terms "sustainable tourism" and "ecotourism" are often used interchangeably. Even though
they are both important, there is a subtle difference in what they mean.
Ecotourism is more focused on educating tourists about nature and the environment, as well as
travellers participating in conservation and cultural activities.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
While sustainable tourism focuses on creating travel opportunities with minimal impact and
positive benefits for destinations and their communities, ecotourism focuses on educating
tourists about nature and the environment, as well as travellers participating in conservation
and cultural activities.
While ecotourism should always be sustainable, it is not the only form of sustainable tourism.
Take the train to a sustainably powered lodge, for example. While this is a green alternative,
you aren't necessarily learning about nature and your surroundings in an informative way.
3.2.4 EXPLAINING THE FACTORS
Eco-tourism has particular qualities and attributes.
Figure 5BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Ecotourism's main characteristics are:

• Environmentally sound
• Environmentally friendly
• Beneficial to the community
• Increase visitor satisfaction.
Ecotourism's characteristics include social equity and community development.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Within and between generations, tourism that preserves a broad range of recreational,
educational, and cultural options
• Based on activities or designs that reflect a region's personality.
• Keep the value of local culture and tradition alive.
• Locals should be more involved.
• The goal was to conserve the destinations' resources.
3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND TOURISM
In terms of economic, technological, and social transformations, tourism is one of the world's
fastest-growing sectors. Since ancient times, when architecture played an important role as a
tourist attraction, there has been a definite association between architecture and tourism.
Temples to the gods, vast theatres, stadiums, the Colosseum, and other monumental public
buildings drew large crowds as they represented culture and society. Tourism, as an industry,
directly contributes to the preservation of architecture. Architecture is a means of conveying a
region's cultural diversity and innovative possibilities.
Tourism has the potential to create more inclusive, faster, and sustainable growth. It has the
potential to be a strong remedy to poverty. It is one of the biggest service sectors which promote
the growth of both the physical and metaphysical demands of the user. It has also helped
improve the lifestyle of local
3.3.1 SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

Environmental architecture or green architecture are other terms for sustainable design. It
encourages architects to create innovative designs and to employ cutting-edge technology to
ensure that buildings have the least detrimental impact on the environment and communities.
The materials, construction methods, resource consumption, and overall design of a building
all contribute to its sustainability. The design must also allow for long-term functioning
throughout the building's life cycle, including disposal. While the space must be practical and
attractive, it must also be created with long-term energy and resource efficiency in mind.
3.3.2 NEED FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
While cities continue to grow, the Earth as a whole is not becoming any bigger. This expansion
has a significant environmental impact because the process of creating new habitats for our
populations consumes a significant portion of our natural resources on a regular basis. The
Earth is not an endless well that can be replenished at the same rate as modernity.
Building and construction account for more than 35 percent of global final energy use and
approximately 40 percent of energy-related CO2 emissions, according to the UN Environment
Global Status Report 2017. While these figures are lower than in 2010 due to increased
environmental consciousness, there is still a long way to go.
The form and look of a structure can no longer be designed in isolation. The fabric, the building
services, and the controlled fittings are now all inextricably intertwined. To be deemed
sustainable development, a precise balance must now be struck between a building's form,
function, and interactions with its surroundings.
There are environmental, economic, and social benefits to incorporating sustainable design in
new or existing structures.
3.3.3 STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
Sustainable architecture is the use of design strategies that reduce the negative environmental
impact from a built environment.
1. Passive Sustainable Design. Passive techniques are utilised to best manage

daylighting and natural ventilation and go a long way in decreasing energy
requirements for the building, such as considering sun direction and climate when
sitting and being mindful about window design and operation. Thermal mass techniques
can be utilised to harness solar energy in specific conditions. Thick walls absorb heat
from the sun during the day and let it into the structure at night in such situations.
2. Active Sustainable Design. Architects collaborate with mechanical and electrical
experts to design high-efficiency electrical, plumbing, HVAC, and other systems with
low environmental impact.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
3. Renewable Energy Systems. For some buildings, renewable energy systems, such as
those that harness solar and wind energy, are also excellent choices. Passive design
principles are frequently utilised in conjunction with these technologies.
4. Green Building Materials and Finishes. Architects boost the ante on sustainability by
prioritising purchasing steel, lumber, concrete, and finishing goods like carpet and
furnishings from companies that use environmentally responsible manufacturing
practises or recycled materials.
5. Native Landscaping. Landscaping decisions can have a significant impact on the
amount of water used by municipal buildings. Architects can significantly minimise
irrigation needs by using native trees, plants, and grasslands. Landscape design can also
be included into a passive energy plan. Solar heat gain within the structure can be
decreased by growing trees that shade the roof and windows during the hottest part of
the day.
6. Stormwater Management. When rain falls in an undeveloped area, the water that does
not evaporate soaks into the earth, replenishing the natural water table. Rainfall behaves
differently when a building is constructed on the site, together with parking lots,
sidewalks, access roads, and other hardscaping. Water pours into storm drains as it runs
off these surfaces. The negative environmental impact of buildings can be lessened by
using stormwater management measures such as pervious pavement, which helps to
reduce runoff, and retention ponds, which catch runoff and slowly release it back into
the earth.
3.3.4 BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
There are environmental, economic, and social benefits to incorporating sustainable design in
new or existing structures.
Environmental Benefits of Sustainable Architecture:

• Natural resource conservation and restoration
• Waste and energy usage are both being reduced.
• Ecosystem preservation and environmental biodiversity
• Improving the quality of the air and water
Economic Benefits of Sustainable Architecture:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Long-term cost savings and less reliance on traditional energy sources
• Residents' output is increasing.
• Increase the value of your assets and properties.
• Advantage in the marketplace
Social Benefits of Sustainable Architecture:
• Residents' living conditions, health, and comfort should all be improved.
• Improve the quality of the air and water
• Reduce the amount of demand on local utility infrastructure.
3.3.5. CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
Some of the challenges and problems faced by this are:
• Preconceived notions amongst masses: Sustainability is seen to be a difficult notion to

implement into undertakings. Regardless of their size or scope, the projects. It is thought
that following the sustainable route is extremely challenging and that it is a different,
unique, and uncommon arena. This is completely inappropriate. Sustainability is nothing
more than a simple way to make people's lives easier and healthier in the long run.
• Concern: It wouldn't be accurate to say that no one is concerned. But it's also true that not
everyone is paying attention to it, thinking about it, or even bothering to understand it.
Today's architects are more concerned with the materials or the constructed environment
than with the people themselves.
• Greenness and conservation: First and foremost, sustainability is not synonymous with the
abundance of greenery. It's not the green spots you put in between buildings on a campus.
There's more to it than that. Of course, sustainability is concerned with flora and wildlife,
but only in the sense of conservation. This is only a portion of it; it is not the entire picture.
Today, only efficiency is discussed, although the current situation calls for conservation.
Conservation of resources that have been given to us as a gift. If necessary steps are not
taken, they will slip away unnoticed by us.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Building bye-laws: Today's building codes encourage the use of non-sustainable
architecture and construction methods. example-A reduction in the thickness of the
external walls, is enforced to enhance the internal spaces or carpet areas. When seen in a
more environmentally responsible light, this is not a good idea. As a result, there is a lack
of heat insulation, which encourages the usage of artificial cooling. Official policies that
encourage sustainability must be reformed.
• Economic forces: People must be educated about sustainability and how to put it into
practise on a regular basis. They must also comprehend that sustainability can be cost-
effective and save money, albeit not immediately, but in the long run. It can be compared
to a financial investment. Today, a person would put more money into other criteria such
as quality and cutting-edge materials, but disregard a more important reason, which is none
other than sustainability.
3.4. ROLE OF KEY COMPONENTS

There are various key components involved in the tourism industry. All play a vital role in the
industry. Discussing their roles are as follows.
3.4.1 Role of tourist destinations

India within its geographical diversity has been blessed with the health of eco-systems
comprising –
• Biosphere reserves
• Mangroves
• Coral and coral reefs
• Deserts
• Mountains
• Forests
• Flora and fauna
• Sea
• Lake
• River

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
There are some elements which attract tourists to a particular destination. These elements are-
• Pleasant climate
• Scenic attraction
• Historical and cultural attractions
• Accessibility
• Shopping
• Architecture
• Variety of cuisines
• Accommodation
• Relaxation and recreation
• Health care
However, due to the mushrooming of concrete buildings in an unplanned manner in the co-
fragile areas, the balance of nature has got disturbed.
Destinations with significant natural features, landscape, cultural heritage or bio-diversity are
becoming more and more popular sites for tourist destinations.
3.4.2 Role of stakeholders

• Individuals or leaders of the local community who are involved in resolving various
concerns in the area and interacting with tourists are referred to as stakeholders. They
have a significant impact on the tourist and hospitality industries.
• Local communities take an active role in the process and strive for development without
being exploited or having their quality of life harmed.
• Tourists are looking for a high-quality experience in a safe and appealing atmosphere.
• Tourists are becoming more aware of the environmental implications of their trips.
• Stakeholders in the tourism industry strive to maintain a positive corporate image and
friendly relationships with both employees and visitors.
• They also teach environmental preservation and conservation to the local population
and tourists.
3.4.3 Role of tour operators

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
A tour operator is a business that provides a wide range of travel services, including
transportation, housing, food, entertainment, and sightseeing. They provide these services to
customers as a trip package, either through travel agencies or directly to customers.
They serve as major travel intermediaries, connecting local tourist suppliers with foreign tour
operators, by providing a packaged combination of transportation, housing, and services.
The tour operator also acts as a cultural broker, promoting communication between culturally
different hosts and visitors, and so can help to promote sustainable tourism.
By taking a more proactive approach and collaborating with the government, tour businesses
can assist the local community in realizing its full potential.
They also serve as a stepping stone in the development of culturally responsible tourism.
3.4.4 Role of built structure

Built structure or also called as infrastructure, is an important component of the tourism. It is
required to provide accommodation to the tourists and various other facilities such as toilets,
hygienic food courts and services etc.
A better infrastructure will not only attract the tourists to visit and stay but also help in
promoting effective tourism.
A sustainable kind of approach can also be fulfilled via infrastructure.
There are various practices and strategies involved for the sustainability in the infrastructure.
Applying them to the infrastructure required in the tourist destinations by keeping various other
things in mind, will help in promotion of sustainable tourism.
3.4.5 Other features

Apart from these critical elements, there are a few others that are equally important in
promoting sustainable tourism.
The promotion of effective tourism is aided by a variety of tourist activities. They have the
potential to either hurt or benefit the environment. Visitors must be informed on the benefits
of healthy tourism and the types of tourist activities that can be enjoyed.
Host communities have a significant influence as well. Interaction between communities and
visitors aids in the growth of tourist numbers as well as the communities' living standards.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
They are also informed about current trends and living conditions.
Several international and national agencies have established a slew of laws and regulations to
guide various aspects of sustainable tourism. They are shown in the next section.
4. DESIGN TECHNIQUES
Figure 6DESIGN TECHNIQUES
4.1 CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES

• Effective ventilation and optimal integration with nature are achieved by dividing out
distinct blocks with linking corridors and a large central courtyard, as well as by orienting
the building E-W.
• The Building Envelope has been designed
i) To receive 75% of natural daylight to reduce energy consumption.
ii) Access Friendly to differently-abled persons.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
2. Operational energy savings

Optimized ENERGY systems i/c HVAC
1) Chilled beam system of air conditioning with <50% conventional energy consumption
2) Geothermal heat exchange system
3) Regenerative lifts
4) Energy efficient equipment
3. Low energy materials
Use of material available within a radius of 800 km

• Fly Ash Brick
• Aerated Autoclaved Cement (AAC) Block
• Portland Puzzolona Cement
• Terrazzo tile flooring with salvaged stone pieces
• Grass Paver Blocks Pavements
• Local Stone with Marble Strips

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Calcium Silicate Tiles
• Bamboo Jute Composite for Frames & Doors
• Low Volatile Organic Compound Paints.
4. Conservation of water
▪ Low discharge water fixtures
▪ Low demand plants in landscaping
▪ Use of Geothermal Cooling
▪ Recycling of waste water for ZERO Discharge
▪ Rain water harvesting
▪ Recharge wells, supply to NDMC Tankers
5. Landscape Design
Landscape design options that are environmentally friendly

• Reducing storm water run-off using bio-swales, rain gardens, and green roofs and walls are
just a few of the solutions being developed.
• Using xeriscaping to reduce water usage in landscapes.
• Gray water irrigation is landscape irrigation that uses water from showers and sinks.
• Choosing shade trees and constructing windbreaks
• Hardscaping materials made from responsibly obtained wood and composite wood products.
• Landscape products such as paving stones, mulch, and other materials are made from recycled
resources such as glass, rubber from tyres, and other things.
• Landscape lighting powered by the sun

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
4.2 TYPES OF SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS:
• STONE AS SUSTAINABLE BUILDING MATERIAL
Stone is the original green building material, as it is a natural product of the Earth. It can be
made without the need of any other materials or resources.
Because natural stone does not contain any dangerous chemicals or toxins, you can rest assured
that your interior atmosphere will be healthy, making it a vital part of sustainable design.
Regionally and locally, stone is also available.
Recycled and salvaged materials have a wide range of potential uses and applications. An
historic stone building, for example, can be dismantled and the stone reformed or polished for
use as paving stones, retaining walls, or an outside facade. Repurposed little flat stones can be
deliberately placed to create a mosaic floor or wall design.
Stone masonry is the construction of stones bonded together with mortar. Stones are abundant
in nature, and after cutting and dressing to the proper shape, they provide an economical
material for the construction of various building components such as walls, columns, footings,
arches, lintels, beams, and so on.
• MATERIALS FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES

Materials significantly of plant origin. Can be obtained from renewable sources like solar
energy, wind energy, bio-gas etc. E.g.: wood, natural fibres, polymers etc.
• REUSE FROM WASTE PRODUCTS AS RAW MATERIALS

They are typically the products of recycled matter.  Materials that can be dismantled and
reused again. E.g.: old plumbing, doors, crushed glass, wood chips etc.
• WOOL BRICKS

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Obtained by incorporating wool and a natural polymer found in seaweed into the brick's clay.
The strength of the charred bricks is increased by 37%. Cold and rainy climate resistance. They
are dry hard and do not require firing like other bricks.
• SUSTAINABLE CONCRETE
Concrete is a friend of environment on all of its life stages: From raw material production to
demolition. Crushed glass, wooden chips or slag can be added to make it sustainable concrete.
reduces CO2 emission of the building.
• SOLAR TILES
They spend a considerable part of the day soaking up the sun's energy. Unlike other solar units,
it is not attached to the existing roof. Rather, they are completely integrated into the structure.
It both protects the inhabitants from the elements and generates energy for them.
• PAPER INSULATION
Recycled newspapers and cardboard (better than chemical foams).
Because to the presence of borax, boric acid, and calcium carbonate, it is insect resistant and
fire retardant (all natural materials). Can be blown into cavity walls, filling every gap and
producing an almost draft-free environment.
• TRIPLE GLAZED WINDOWS

There are three layers of glass in this window. Fully insulated window frames
-Do a better job of preventing heat from escaping the structure
-Krypton-is utilized as an insulator between the layers
-Glass with low emissivity coatings prevents heat from escaping.
4.3 SITE RESOURCES FOR LOWERING BUILDING LOADS AND

IMPROVING INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY:
• Reduce heating, cooling, and lighting requirements by using existing and proposed
trees and plantings.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Orient the building to take advantage of the prevailing breezes and solar
opportunities.
• Use existing and intended topography to create thermal mass around the building -
earth berms and other topographical characteristics can be employed to improve the
building's energy performance.
• Determine the viability of employing renewable or alternative energy on-site.
4.4 ENERGY-BASED SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
The adoption of low-emitting materials can greatly reduce a building's carbon footprint.
Because these materials emit fewer pollutants into the atmosphere, they can help a building's
environmental and user impact. When possible, use biodegradable materials to save energy by
allowing resources to decompose naturally and reducing waste.
Active and passive solar power are two types of solar energy-based sustainable construction
solutions. Active solar power can be used for both heating and electricity, reducing the
building's reliance on gas and electricity. The most organic ways a building might get the most
of solar energy are referred to as passive solar power, and it mainly relies on design. In the
winter, it employs materials that absorb, retain, and redistribute energy as heat. In the summer,
this smart business design will reject solar heat to avoid wasting electricity.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
6. CASE STUDIES
5.1 Defining the selection of case studies

After the identification and the complete literature study based on the topic, some
prototype studies were conducted. In order to draw a comparative analysis about how the
regulations have been implemented and to study the code of behaviour.
The prototype studies are selected on the basis of destinations and the built typology.
5.2 TREE HOUSE RESORT, JAIPUR
Figure 7 Satellite view of Tree House Resort, Jaipur
Location: Jaipur
Site area: 300 acres
Built area: 7 acres
Accessibility: NH11c, opposite Amity University, Jaipur
Situated 1.9kms away from National Highway 11C and 6kms away from NMIMS university,
Jaipur, it is set in the rural foothills of Syari valley with an amazing view of Aravali ranges.
It is an award winning paradise built over a 300acre piece of land out of which only 7 acre is
being developed, a seamless fusion of utmost luxury and raw charm of nature.
Resort resides on the contoured topography. A symbolic glimpse of Japanese gardens is seen
in the complete developed site.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
60% of the tourist is from Delhi region itself due to the connectivity. Apart from that, 20-25%
tourist is from the whole nation, ie. Domestic tourist. 5-10% of the tourist flow is of foreign
tourist.
Figure 8 site plan tree house resort, jaipur
It was formerly built as a farm house, which was later converted to a resort by the owner. Based
on the three concepts, Tree, water and earth. All of them contains a total of 73 luxury suites for
the tourists.
A central water body or fountain is used to circulate the water in the whole property including
the cleanliness and maintenance.
The maintenance cost of the resort is high as it requires timely pest control.
Architectural highlights:
• The resort has a large cover of numerous vegetation and related species. They
cultivate all kinds of crops and vegetables required for the kitchen purposes.
• The organic waste is dump into the compost. However, English vegetables and other
products are being transported from the city.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Construction is done as steel frame structures along with the combination of ply
boards, bamboo, thatch etc.
• Resort is completely air-conditioned and does not have any energy consumption or
sustainable measures.
• No installation of solar panels or photovoltaic panels
• Proper drainage pattern followed
• Treatment of greywater is done by the vegetation in the particular water bodies made
• No use of renewable source of energy is seen
• Post occupancy sustainable measures have been adopted but are not applied to the
resort. As per the manager, they are applying them meeting the maintenance costs
• No access to Twenty tree house nests celebrate the element of air while mixing the
comforts and facilities of a five-star hotel with the natural world. especially abled is
provided in the whole resort
Tree houses
Twenty tree house nests highlight the element of air while finely blending the comforts and
amenities of a five-star accommodation with nature. The nests, which are perched atop 'keekar'
trees, have multiple live branches flowing across rooms, making nature ubiquitous.
The rooms are in a cluster of 4-5 and share a common sitting space for any discussions, eating,
dining, drinking, smoking etc.
Water houses

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
The essence of water is celebrated in nine special over-water suites, which feature cascading
waterfalls, Jacuzzis, and outdoor showers. All have been named over various birds such as
flamingo suite.
Earth House
It derives its character from the element of earth with its mud finished exterior but plush
insides. It has 38 deluxe rooms and 6 hilltop villas. Operational since January 2018, it is pre-
booked for the wedding purposes.
Tourist activities offered are –

• Chill in the pool
• Snooker
• Spa
• Tribal archery
• Jungle ride
• Tennis
• Camel cart safari

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Scenic treks
• Peacock bar
• Cycling treks
• Cricket
• Badminton
• Indoor activity lounge
• Golf
• All-terrain vehicle
Environmental impacts:
• No traces of pollution
• No traces of soil erosion
• Any kind of impact to the environment is being countered by the vegetation cover
created in that area
• Energy consumption is high
• Building loads and performance are high
5.3 MARANG RESORT AND SAFARI, TERENGGANU
Figure 9 Site plan of Marang Resort.
ARCHITECT: AsSaffa Design Practice/Bahar Omar Architect

CONTRACTOR: Abu & Rakan-Rakan

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
DIRECTIONS: From Kuala Terengganu Airport: Follow the Kuala Terengganu-Kuantan trunk
road south. Marang Resort & Safaris is located 8 kilometres (4.97 miles) south of Marang on
a side road.
AWARDS:
• (Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia) PAM-Awards, 1997 for excellence in Architecture.
Achieved in hotel/resort building category.
• FIABCI Award, 1996 (winner of the resort development and green awards; Malaysia
chapter.)
• FIABCI (International real estate Federation) Award, 1997.
• Agha Khan Award (Invitation to submit, 1997
• National habitat Award, 199 (Excellence in innovation towards optimal Human
habitation. (Kementrian Perumahan & Tempatan.)
SUSTAINABLE FEATURES:
• Careful preservation of the natural environment,
• Extensive involvement of local artisans and carpenters,
• Resort staff recruited from local villagers,
• Local building materials,
• Minimum disruption to wildlife and vegetation,
• Materials transported across the river on wooden rafts and pontoon bridges in order to
protect river wildlife and vegetation
• Traditional "sanggora" baked-clay roof tiles are used.
• An international vacation destination where 80 percent of the visitors are foreigners

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Figure 10 A view of the Ecolodges and water body
Figure 11 view of the chalets/Ecolodges among the coconuts and mangrove trees.
• The Mangrove is punctured by jungle pathways, river bridges, and raised wooden
platforms that provide access to the opposite side of the river, the chalet unit, and other
areas of the resort.
• Conservation of the natural environment and a peaceful relationship attitude.
PLANNING AND DESIGN

• Because of the area's terrain and water table, pure drinking water is acquired off-site
for the use of guests all year. The land does not allow for the installation of sewage
lines to connect the separate houses. Instead, an aerobic sewage treatment system
with independent "supersept ss-2" units was constructed, which was described as
"very successful" in the environmental impact assessment study.
• It is often planned to be built on stilts along the riverbank and seashore, with minimal
land removal and filling.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• The actual placement of structures attempted to conserve the natural surroundings,

often keeping the topography and ecology of the area intact. The project was designed
in sync with nature in order to convey the spirit of the location, its "genus loci," and
thereby absorb its ambience.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
The mangrove swamp's ecology is sensitive, and its mangroves and nipah palms hide a plethora
of river life. As a result, removing vegetation for infrastructure construction proved difficult.
Only the bare minimum of land needed for construction has been removed. To safeguard the
mangrove vegetation, no earth filling was done, even in developed areas, with the exception of
the conference hall and parking grounds. The EIA assessment stated that the resort's growth
had no impact on beach or mangrove flora species. The developed mangrove patches may still
support aquatic and invertebrate life, and soil fertility has not been harmed because the
mangrove's rooting system is still intact.
COMMUNITY BENEFITS
Marang Resort & Safaris has taken great effort to involve the local people at all times, by giving
job opportunities and playing an important role in fostering enterprises for various travel-
related industries such as handicrafts and heritage tours. It also provides cash for the state due
to the majority of its foreign and out-of-state visitors. Students from numerous universities in
the vicinity have also visited the development to learn about the mangrove ecosystem, resort
architecture and management, and hotel catering. As a result, the resort serves as a teaching
institution, imparting vital practical information to students, as well as its guests and the general
public.
5.4 CHUMBE ISLAND CORAL PARK, TANZANIA
Figure 12 chumbe island coral park

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Location: Tanzania
Site area:
Accessibility: reach through sea planes or boats
The resort is located on the off-coast of the Chumbe Island, Tanzania. The main focus of the
resort development was the conservation of the island, involvement of local community and
interpretation of local culture to the tourist’s guests.
It is an award winning private resort developed in 1991. The resort built can only be accessed
by a sea-plane or boat.
It comprises of 7 eco-bungalows.
• Traditional building construction methods and materials used
• Open air plan to maximize air flow in the villas by using the sea breeze as natural air
conditioner
• Latticed frame made of mangrove and casuarinas poles covered with the thatched
palm leaves in the structure
• Each villa in the resort has a capacity to store 15000 litres of water underneath the
floor in large cisterns
Environment friendly features:

• Based on the state-of-the-art eco technology aiming zero impacts on the environment
• Rainwater catchment
• Photovoltaic energy
• Solar water heating
• Composting toilets
• Vegetative greywater filtration
It promotes eco-tourism in a healthy and environment friendly way. Does not houses much
people as 7 eco-bungalows has a capacity to house 14 people.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
5.5 Shilpagram, Udaipur
Figure 13 Satellite view of the Shilpagram, Udaipur
Location: Udaipur
Site area: 70 acres
Accessibility: 3kms way from core of the city near Havala village
Situated 3kms away from the city of Udaipur, it is a rural arts and crafts complex. Spread
over 70 acres of land, it is surrounded by Aravali mountains.
The complex has its particular visit timings for the people and tourists. The local craftsmen
and cultural practices are depicted by the people. They also portray their regional folk dance
at the end of the day.
It aims at creating awareness among the people towards rural life and crafts. That is why,
they not only display their own rural crafts, but also provide space to craftsmen from other
state to exhibit.
Various types of crafts are displayed by various people and are sold too. The whole complex
is developed on the concept of rural village and hence, is constructed in traditional bricks or
mud
Highlights:
• Provides opportunity to rural and urban artists to interact and improvise through
various programs and sessions.
• Huts are constructed within the complex for the member states having traditional
architectural features
• Typical features of a traditional village and lifestyle can be seen

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
• Timely workshops are conducted for the children related to arts, crafts, theatre and
music.
• Walking down the shops and stalls, you reach the amphitheatre where several
workshops are conducted and they perform their regional folk dance in the evening.
• Different huts portray different crafts of various regions such as the West region,
southern Rajasthan, Hilly regions of Mewar etc.
• Compost is made for dumping organic waste. However, non-organic waste is dumped
manually to the collectors.
• No use of renewable sources of energy is seen
• Being funded by the government, poor maintenance of area can be seen. No proper
drainage facility is provided and no rain water harvesting facility.
• During monsoons, water logging is the common problem.
• Due to muddy pathways, it becomes wet causing difficulty in walking during
monsoons.
• Native and indigenous species of landscape and vegetation
Present condition:
• Lesser number of huts compared to previous
• Lower funding causing problems to the livelihood of people involved
• Water course and drainage patterns
• Much of the site portion is yet to be developed
Figure 14 A view of the stalls Figure 15 view captured of the built structures

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Due to lower funding from the state government, it is not properly maintained and some areas
are completely deteriorated.
Poor maintenance of the site and the built structure. Built structure has no sustainable
approach and people are also not aware about healthy tourism. Cleanliness is not seen.
A mixture of tourist approach is being calculated. 60% of the tourist is local or domestic.
However, 40% of the tourist is of foreign or international.
7. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
SR.NO. PARAMETER TREE MARANG Chumbe INFERENCE

HOUSE RESORT AND Island Coral
RESORT, SAFARI, Park,
JAIPUR TERENGGANU Tanzania
1. SOLID WASTE Composting An Aerobic Sewage Through Solid waste

MANAGEMENT Treatment System composting and management help sin
With Independent treatment effective treatment of
"Supersept Ss-2" initiatives organic and
Units inorganic waste.
2. DRAINAGE No particular No particular Vegetative Drainage patterns to
systems systems greywater be designed in such a
filtration way that water
filtration is done and
no wastage of water
is monitored
3. SOLAR PANELS No Solar panels Photovoltaic Installation should be
panels done as per the
favourable climatic
conditions to harness
as much energy as
possible

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
4. TREATMENT OF Treatment done An Aerobic Sewage Through Treatment helps in
WASTE WATER through Treatment System vegetative effective usage of
vegetation cover With Independent catchments and waste water and
"Supersept Ss-2" greywater water conservation
Units filtration
5. WATER Water source in Water supply from Regional water Monitoring helps in
RESOURCES the whole site is the lake nearby supply and from controlling the
MONITORING the manually the island. wastage and unusual
constructed water consumption
fall and the source
for that is the
regional water
supply
6. FOSSIL FUEL Fossil fuels used Used In the kitchen No fossil fuel Fossil fuel
CONSUMPTION for using usage consumptions should
MONITORING generators in the be minimised and for
site that sources should
be identified
7. ENERGY Energy Energy consumption Energy Monitoring helps in
CONSUMPTION consumption sources are consumption controlling the
MONITORING sources are monitored and sources are energy wastage and
monitored and effective usage is monitored and unusual consumption
effective usage is done effective usage
done is done
8. ACCESS TO No such access Access provided Access provided Access to all
SPECIALLY provided principle should be
ABLED adopted by the
authorities and the
amendments should
be made according to
that
9. LANDSCAPE Native as well as Jungle walks, river Native species Vegetation should be
FEATURES foreign species bridges, and raised along with the proposed according
used. No alien wooden walkways decorative to the favourable
species such as puncture the vegetation used climatic conditions
weeds used. Mangrove, and maintenance
connecting access to features
across the river

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
10. ANY REUSE OR No such No such No such Reuse or
REDEVELOPMENT development developement development redevelopment
should be
encouraged in the
structures allowing
mix-use
11. SOURCE OF BASIC Nearby city Nearby city Nearby city as Provision of basic
AMENITIES well as present amenities should be
on the island nearby the location
to be accessed by all
12. WATER Rain water Water is Water harvesting
HARVESTING harvesting is done harvested and helps in usage of
MEASURES stored in the water during crisis
cisterns and similar situation.
underneath the It should be
floors of the considered in design.
villas.
13. USE OF No renewable Solar energy Solar energy It helps in reduction
RENEWABLE source used used for of fossil fuels
ENERGY SOURCES electricity consumption and
also environment
conservation
8. CONCLUSION
The overriding principal in developing the resort is "Less is more." A resort is a harmonious
blend of traditional and simple, modern forms, attuned to the natural landscape and to the life
of the local community. We should turn a resort into an ecologically sustainable, socially
responsible, and economically feasible project.
8.1 FUTURE GOALS
• Promote sustainable tourism products

• Reduce inappropriate consumption instead use local resources
• Provide tourists with authentic information
• Train staff to foster tourist responsibilities towards destinations

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
9. REFERENCES
https://www.investindia.gov.in/sector/tourism-hospitality/
https://www.ibef.org/industry/tourism-hospitality-india.aspx/
https://ndpublisher.in/admin/issues/IJSSV5N1f.pdf
https://tourismnotes.com/sustainable-tourism/
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/tourism_management/tourism_management_developing_pro
duct.htm
https://www.slideshare.net/TEJALPATEL45/sustainable-building-materials
http://ethics.unwto.org/content/implementation-reports-global-code-ethics-tourism
http://www2.unwto.org/technical-product/quality-standards-tourism-services
http://media.unwto.org/news/2011-12-20/unwto-and-tour-operators-initiative-renew-their-
commitment-toward-sustainable-touris
https://www.biospheretourism.com/en/blog/17-sustainable-tourism-examples-for-this-2017/2
http://www.shilpgram.in/Home/Shilpgram-Udaipur
https://iefworld.org/wssd_sg.htm#A.%20National%20Sustainable%20Development%20Strat
egies
https://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-places/sustainable-tourism-in-india-policies-and-
practices.html
https://www.archdaily.com/891163/vincent-callebaut-architectures-wins-public-vote-for-
millennial-vertical-forest-competition/
https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1042&context=honors
https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/SUSTAINABLE_ECO_TOURISM_
A_case_study_of_Marang_resort_and_safari_Malaysia_.pdf
https://www.yankodesign.com/2021/12/21/sustainable-architecture-designed-to-prove-that-
this-eco-friendly-trend-never-misses/

Tanishq 17001006076 Final Submission

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tanishq 17001006076 Final Submission

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

B. Arch. 9th Sem.

Dissertation (Oct-Dec 2021)

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES. HOW IS

Dissertation Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement as a subject of

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 1

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Certified that this Dissertation titled ‘SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES.

Prof. (Dr.) Vijay Kumar Prof. (Dr.) Parveen

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 2

3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND TOURISM

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 3

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 4

Figure 1 Identifying various tourist destinations ..................................................................... 11

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 5

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING ECONOMIES. HOW IS

this research is based on the topic “SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN EMERGING

KEYWORDS: sustainable tourism, eco-tourism, infrastructure, tourism economy, tourism

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 6

1.1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF THE PROJECT:

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 7

1.3 CHOICE OF THE DISSERTATION TOPIC:

1.3.1 Solution for the unsolved:

1.3.2 Motivational elements that influence research quality include:

1.3.3 Learning factors:

2.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

Objectives to be covered in the study –

2.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 9

2.3 SOURCES AND COLLECTION OF BASIC DATA:

2.3.1 Literature Study:

The data will be collected by –

2.3.2 Case Studies:

The data collected by the case studies will include:

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 10

Figure 1 Identifying various tourist destinations

3.1.1 INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY

3.1.2 IMPACT ON GDP

Figure 2Direct contribution of travel and tourism to GDP

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 12

Figure 3TOP TEN COUNTRIES FOR FTAS

3.1.3 POST COVID

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 13

Figure 4TOURISM CONTRIBUTION TO GDP

3.1.4 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 14

3.1.5 FUTURE OF INDUSTRY

3.1.6 IMPACT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 15

3.1.7 MAIN COMPONENTS OF A BETTER TOURISM PRODUCT

The main components of a better product are discussed below:

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 16

3.2 DEFINING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

Sustainable tourism, according to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), should:

3.2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM ARE:

1. Environment, natural resources, and animal protection

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 18

3.2.2 DEFINING ECOTOURISM

Fennell described it as such: “Ecotourism is a low-impact, non-consumptive, and locally

3.2.3 ECOTOURISM VS SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

Dissertation (Oct-Dec) 2021 Page 19