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{
j−i ; i> j
a ij= 2−i;i= j
−2+ j; i< j
Y [𝐵]3×3 tal que:
{
i−3 ; i> j
b ij= −1 ; i= j
i− j ; i< j
Hallar la matriz 𝑋 𝑒 𝑌 en la siguiente ecuación:
a) AX =( B− AB ) B
b) YA=A ( AB−A )
Desarrollo:
[ ] [ ] [ ]
a11 a12 a13 2−1 −2+2 −2+3 1 0 1
A= a 21 a22 a23 =¿ A= 1−2 2−2 −2+3 =¿ A= −1 0 1
a31 a32 a33 1−3 2−3 2−3 −2 −1 −1
[ ] [ ] [ ]
b11 b12 b13 −1 1−2 1−3 −1 −1 −2
B= b21 b22 b23 =¿ B= 2−3 −1 2−3 =¿ B= −1 −1 −1
b31 b32 b33 3−3 3−3 −1 0 0 −1
a) AX =( B− AB ) B
[ ][ ] [ ]
1 0 1 −1 −1 −2 −1 −1 −3
AB= −1 0 1 −1 −1 −1 =¿ AB= 1 1 1
−2 −1 −1 0 0 −1 3 3 6
ab 11=( 1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=−1+0+ 0=−1
ab 12=( 1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=−1+0+ 0=−1
ab 13=( 1 )(−2 )+ ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) (−1 )=−2+ 0−1=−3
ab 21=(−1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=1+ 0+0=1
ab 22=(−1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=1+ 0+0=1
ab 23=(−1 ) (−2 )+ ( 0 ) (−1 )+ (1 ) (−1 )=2+ 0−1=1
ab 31=(−2 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 ) + (−1 ) ( 0 )=2+1+0=3
ab 32=(−2 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 ) + (−1 ) ( 0 )=2+1+0=3
ab 33=(−2 ) (−2 )+ (−1 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 )=4+1+1=6
[ ][ ] [ ]
−1 −1 −2 −1 −1 −3 −1+1 −1+1 −2+3
B− AB= −1 −1 −1 − 1 1 1 =¿ B− AB= −1−1 −1−1 −1−1
0 0 −1 3 3 6 0−3 0−3 −1−6
[ ]
0 0 1
¿> B−AB= −2 −2 −2
−3 −3 −7
[ ][ ] [ ]
0 0 1 −1 −1 −2 0 0 −1
( B− AB ) B= −2 −2 −2 −1 −1 −1 =¿ ( B−AB ) B= 4 4 8
−3 −3 −7 0 0 −1 6 6 16
( b−ab ) b 11= ( 0 ) (−1 )+ ( 0 )(−1 )+ ( 1 ) ( 0 ) =0+0+0=0
( b−ab ) b 12= ( 0 ) (−1 )+ ( 0 )(−1 )+ ( 1 ) ( 0 ) =0+0+0=0
( b−ab ) b 13 =( 0 ) (−2 ) + ( 0 ) (−1 )+ ( 1 )(−1 )=0+0−1=−1
( b−ab ) b 21 =(−2 )(−1 ) + (−2 )(−1 ) + (−2 ) ( 0 )=2+2+ 0=4
( b−ab ) b 22 =(−2 )(−1 ) + (−2 )(−1 ) + (−2 ) ( 0 )=2+2+ 0=4
( b−ab ) b 23 =(−2 ) (−2 )+ (−2 )(−1 ) + (−2 ) (−1 )=4+2+2=8
( b−ab ) b 31= (−3 ) (−1 )+ (−3 )(−1 ) + (−7 )( 0 )=3+3+ 0=6
( b−ab ) b 32= (−3 ) (−1 )+ (−3 )(−1 ) + (−7 )( 0 )=3+3+ 0=6
( b−ab ) b 33=(−3 ) (−2 )+ (−3 ) (−1 )+ (−7 ) (−1 )=6+3+ 7=16
[ ][ ][ ]
1 0 1 x 11 x 12 x13 0 0 −1
AX= −1 0 1 x 21 x 22 x23 = 4 4 8
−2 −1 −1 x 31 x 32 x33 6 6 16
[ ] [ ]
x 11 x 12 x 13 −2 −2 −4.5
X = x 21 x 22 x 23 =¿ X= −4 −4 −10.5
x 31 x 32 x 33 2 2 3.5
b) YA=A ( AB−A )
[ ][ ] [ ]
1 0 1 −1 −1 −2 −1 −1 −3
AB= −1 0 1 −1 −1 −1 =¿ AB= 1 1 1
−2 −1 −1 0 0 −1 3 3 6
ab 11=( 1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=−1+0+ 0=−1
ab 12=( 1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=−1+0+ 0=−1
ab 13=( 1 )(−2 )+ ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) (−1 )=−2+ 0−1=−3
ab 21=(−1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=1+ 0+0=1
ab 22=(−1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )(−1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=1+ 0+0=1
ab 23=(−1 ) (−2 )+ ( 0 ) (−1 )+ (1 ) (−1 )=2+ 0−1=1
ab 31=(−2 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 ) + (−1 ) ( 0 )=2+1+0=3
ab 32=(−2 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 ) + (−1 ) ( 0 )=2+1+0=3
ab 33=(−2 ) (−2 )+ (−1 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) (−1 )=4+1+1=6
[ ][ ] [ ]
−1 −1 −3 1 0 1 −1−1 −1−0 −3−1
AB− A= 1 1 1 − −1 0 1 =¿ AB−A= 1+1 1−0 1−1
3 3 6 −2 −1 −1 3+2 3+1 6+1
[ ]
−2 −1 −4
¿> AB− A= 2 1 0
5 4 7
[ ][ ] [ ]
1 0 1 −2 −1 −4 3 3 3
A ( AB− A )= −1 0 1 2 1 0 =¿ A ( AB− A )= 7 5 11
−2 −1 −1 5 4 7 −3 −3 1
a ( ab−a )11 =( 1 )(−2 ) + ( 0 )( 2 ) + ( 1 ) ( 5 )=−2+0+ 5=3
a ( ab−a )12 =( 1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )( 1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 4 )=−1+0+ 4=3
a ( ab−a )13 =( 1 )(−4 )+ ( 0 )( 0 )+ ( 1 )( 7 ) =−4 +0+7=3
a ( ab−a )21 =(−1 )(−2 )+ ( 0 )( 2 ) + ( 1 ) ( 5 )=2+0+ 5=7
a ( ab−a )22 =(−1 )(−1 ) + ( 0 )( 1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 4 )=1+0+ 4=5
a ( ab−a )23 =(−1 ) (−4 )+ ( 0 ) ( 0 ) + ( 1 )( 7 )=4 +0+7=11
a ( ab−a )31 =(−2 )(−2 )+ (−1 )( 2 ) + (−1 ) ( 5 )=4−2−5=−3
a ( ab−a )32 =(−2 )(−1 ) + (−1 ) ( 1 ) + (−1 ) ( 4 )=2−1−4=−3
a ( ab−a )33 =(−2 ) (−4 )+ (−1 )( 0 )+ (−1 )( 7 )=8+0−7=1
[ ][ ][ ]
y 11 y 12 y 13 1 0 1 3 3 3
YA = y 21 y 22 y 23 −1 0 1 = 7 5 11
y 31 y 32 y 33 −2 −1 −1 −3 −3 1
[ ] [ ]
y 11 y 12 y 13 −1.5 1.5 −3
Y = y 21 y 22 y 23 =¿ Y = 1.5 4.5 −5
y 31 y 32 y 33 3.5 0.5 3
[ ] [ ]
2 0 1 1 2 3
A= 1 0 3 y C= 1 0 1
3 1 2 0 1 3
Calcula:
a) 𝐴𝐶
b) (𝐴𝐶)−1, aplicando el método de Gauss – Jordan
c) Comprueba (𝐴𝐶)−1 = 𝐶−1𝐴−1
Desarrollo:
a) 𝐴𝐶
[ ][ ] [ ]
2 0 1 1 2 3 2 5 9
AC= 1 0 3 1 0 1 =¿ AC = 1 5 12
3 1 2 0 1 3 4 8 16
ac 11=( 2 ) ( 1 )+ ( 0 )( 1 ) + ( 1 ) ( 0 )=2+ 0+0=2
ac 12=( 2 ) ( 2 )+ ( 0 ) ( 0 ) + ( 1 )( 1 )=4+ 0+1=5
ac 13=( 2 ) ( 3 ) + ( 0 ) ( 1 )+ ( 1 )( 3 ) =6+0+ 3=9
ac 21=( 1 ) ( 1 )+ ( 0 )( 1 ) + ( 3 )( 0 ) =1+ 0+0=1
ac 22=( 1 ) ( 2 )+ ( 0 ) ( 0 ) + ( 3 ) (1 ) =2+0+3=5
ac 23=( 1 ) ( 3 ) + ( 0 ) ( 1 )+ ( 3 )( 3 )=3+0+ 9=12
ac 31=( 3 ) ( 1 )+ ( 1 )( 1 ) + ( 2 ) ( 0 )=3+1+ 0=4
ac 32=( 3 ) ( 2 ) + ( 1 )( 0 )+ ( 2 )( 1 )=6 +0+2=8
ac 33=( 3 ) ( 3 ) + ( 1 ) ( 1 )+ (2 )( 3 ) =9+1+6=16
b) (𝐴𝐶)−1, aplicando el método de Gauss – Jordan
[ ][ ] [ ]
2 0 1 1 2 3 2 5 9
AC= 1 0 3 1 0 1 =¿ AC = 1 5 12
3 1 2 0 1 3 4 8 16
( | )
2 5 9 1 0 0
1 5 12 0 1 0
4 8 16 0 0 1
( | )
1 5 12 0 1 0
2 5 9 1 0 0
4 8 16 0 0 1
( | )
2 10 24 0 2 0
2 5 9 1 0 0
4 8 16 0 0 1
( | )
1 5 12 0 1 0
0 −5 −15 1 −2 0
4 8 16 0 0 1
( | )
4 20 48 0 4 0
0 −5 −15 1 −2 0
4 8 16 0 0 1
( | )
1 5 12 0 1 0
0 −5 −15 1 −2 0
0 −12 −32 0 −4 1
( | )
1 5 12 0 1 0
0 1 3 −1/5 2/5 0
0 −12 −32 0 −4 1
( | )
1 5 12 0 1 0
0 5 15 −1 2 0
0 −12 −32 0 −4 1
( | )
1 0 −3 1 −1 0
0 1 3 −1/5 2/5 0
0 −12 −32 0 −4 1
( | )
1 0 −3 1 −1 0
0 −12 −36 12 /5 −24 /5 0
0 −12 −32 0 −4 1
( | )
1 0 −3 1 −1 0
0 1 3 −1/5 2/5 0
0 0 4 −12/ 5 4/5 1
( | )
1 0 −3 1 −1 0
0 1 3 −1/5 2 /5 0
0 0 1 −3/5 1 /5 1/4
( | )
1 0 −3 1 −1 0
0 1 3 −1/5 2 /5 0
0 0 −3 9/5 −3 /5 −3/ 4
( | )
1 0 0 −4 /5 −2/5 3 /4
0 1 3 −1/5 2 /5 0
0 0 −3 9 /5 −3 /5 −3 /4
( | )
1 0 0 −4 /5 −2 /5 3/4
0 1 3 −1 /5 2 /5 0
0 0 3 −9 /5 3 /5 3/4
( | )
1 0 0 −4 /5 −2 /5 3/ 4
0 1 0 8 /5 −1 /5 −3/ 4
0 0 1 −3 /5 1 /5 1/ 4
[ ]
−4/ 5 −2/5 3 /4
−1
¿> ( AC ) = 8/5 −1/5 −3 /4
−3/ 5 1/5 1 /4
Hallar 𝐶−1
( | )
1 2 31 0 0
1 0 10 1 0
0 1 30 0 1
( | )
1 2 31 0 0
1 0 10 1 0
0 1 30 0 1
( | )
1 2 3 1 0 0
0 −2 −2 −1 1 0
0 1 3 0 0 1
( | )
1 2 3 1 0 0
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 −2 −2 −1 1 0
( | )
1 2 3 1 0 0
0 2 6 0 0 2
0 −2 −2 −1 1 0
( | )
1 0 −3 1 0 −2
0 2 6 0 0 2
0 −2 −2 −1 1 0
( | )
1 0 −3 1 0 −2
0 −2 −6 0 0 −2
0 −2 −2 −1 1 0
( | )
1 0 −3 1 0 −2
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 0 4 −1 1 2
( | )
1 0 −3 1 0 −2
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 0 1 −1/4 1/4 1/2
( | )
1 0 −3 1 0 −2
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 0 −3 3/4 −3 /4 −3/2
( | )
1 0 0 1/4 3 /4 −1/2
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 0 −3 3/4 −3 /4 −3/2
( | )
1 0 0 1/4 3 /4 −1/2
0 1 3 0 0 1
0 0 3 −3/ 4 3 /4 3/2
( | )
1 0 0 1/4 3 /4 −1/2
0 1 0 3/4 −3 /4 −1/2
0 0 1 −1/ 4 1/ 4 1/2
[ ]
1/4 3 /4 −1/2
−1
¿>C = 3/4 −3 / 4 −1/2
−1/4 1/ 4 1/ 2
Hallar 𝐴−1
( | )
2 0 11 0 0
1 0 30 1 0
3 1 20 0 1
( | )
1 0 30 1 0
2 0 11 0 0
3 1 20 0 1
( | )
1 0 3 0 1 0
0 0 −5 1 −2 0
0 1 −7 0 −3 1
( | )
1 0 3 0 1 0
0 1 −7 0 −3 1
0 0 −5 1 −2 0
( | )
1 0 3 0 1 0
0 1 −7 0 −3 1
0 0 1 −1/5 2 /5 0
( | )
1 0 0 3/5 −1/5 0
0 1 0 −7/ 5 −1/5 1
0 0 0 −1/ 5 2/ 5 0
[ ]
3 /5 −1 /5 0
¿> A−1= −7 / 5 −1 /5 1
−1/5 2 /5 0
Hallar 𝐶−1𝐴−1
[ ][ ]
1/ 4 3/4 −1 /2 3/5 −1 /5 0
C−1 A−1= 3 /4 −3/4 −1 /2 −7 /5 −1 /5 1
−1 /4 1/4 1 /2 −1/5 2 /5 0
c−1 a−111= ( 14 )( 35 )+( 34 )( −75 )+( −12 )( −15 )= 203 − 2120 + 202 =−16
20
=
−4
5
=( )( ) +( )( ) +( )( )
1 −1 3 −1 −1 2 −1 3 4 −8 −2
c−1 a−11 2 = − − = =
4 5 4 5 2 5 20 20 20 20 5
=( ) ( 0 ) +( ) ( 1 )+ ( )
1 3 −1 3 3
c−1 a−11 3 ( 0 )=0+ +0=
4 4 2 4 4
=( )( ) +( )( ) +( )( )
3 3 −3 −7 −1 −1 9 21 2 32 8
c−1 a−12 1 = + + = =
4 5 4 5 2 5 20 20 20 20 5
c−1 a−12 2= ( 34 )( −15 )+( −34 )(−15 )+( −12 )( 25 )=−320 + 203 − 204 = −15
=( ) ( 0 ) +(
4 )
( 1 ) +(
2 )
−1 −1 3 −3 −1 3 −3
c a 23 ( 0 ) =0− +0=
4 4 4
=( )( ) +( )( ) +( )( )
−1 −1 −1 3 1 −7 1 −1 −3 7 2 −12 −3
c a 31 = − − = =
4 5 4 5 2 5 20 20 20 20 5
=(
4 )( 5 ) ( 4 )( 5 ) ( 2 )( 5 ) 20 20 5 5
−1 −1 −1 −1 1 −1 1 2 1 1 1 1
c a 32 + + = − + =
=( ) ( 0 ) +( ) ( 1 ) +( ) ( 0 )=0+ +0=
−1 −1 −1 1 1 1 1
c a 33
4 4 2 4 4
[ ][ ] [ ]
1/ 4 3/4 −1 /2 3/5 −1 /5 0 −4/5 −2/5 3 /4
C−1 A−1= 3 /4 −3/4 −1 /2 −7 /5 −1 /5 1 =¿ C−1 A−1 = 8/5 −1/5 −3 /4
−1 /4 1/4 1 /2 −1/5 2 /5 0 −3/5 1/5 1/ 4
[ ]
−4 /5 −2 /5 3/ 4
( AC )−1= 8 /5 −1 /5 −3/ 4
−3 /5 1 /5 1/4
[ ]
−4 /5 −2/5 3/4
−1 −1
C A = 8/5 −1/5 −3/4
−3/5 1/5 1/4
| ||
x 2x 3x
2 −3 x +2
x +1 x −x
2 x −5 −4
x −x
2
|
> 19 x +35 x+12
Desarrollo:
Desarrollo:
6. Dada la matriz:
Desarrollo:
7. Dada la matriz
Desarrollo:
Desarrollo: