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DE Report [4th Sem] - this for de 4

Digital Electronics (Gujarat Technological University)

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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

SMART WASTE MANAGEMENT

A Detailed Report to be
Submitted for
Design Engineering I B (3140005) Semester
IV in
Bachelor of Engineering (Electronics & Communication)

Guided By

Prof. Pradeep Shah

Associate Professor
Electronics and Communication
GCET, Vallabh Vidyanagar

By
Vasu Faldu 180110111009
Jaynil Pandya 180110111019
Abhishek Patel 180110111020

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

G H PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
BAKROL ROAD, VALLABH VIDYANAGAR – 388 120 May–
2020

GCET, VALLBH VIDYANAGAR 1|Page

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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

SMART HOME AUTIONMATION SYSTEM USING ARDUINO

APPLICATION

A Detailed Report to be
Submitted for
Design Engineering I B (3140005) Semester
IV in
Bachelor of Engineering (EC)

Guided by,
Prof. Pradeep Shah
Associate Professor
Electronics and Communication
GCET, Vallabh Vidyanagar

By
Vasu Faldu 180110111009
Jaynil Pandya 180110111019
Abhishek Patel 180110111020

Team ID:

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
G H PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
BAKROL ROAD, VALLABH VIDYANAGAR – 388 120

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May – 2020

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DEPARTMENT OF E&C ENGINEERING

G H PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
VALLABH VIDYANAGAR – 388 120.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Design Engineering project -

IB entitled “Smart Waste Management” which is
being submitted by Vasu Faldu, Jaynil Pandya,
Abhishek Patel for Design Engineering – IB
(3140005) Semester IV in Bachelor of Engineering
(EC) to Gujarat Technological University is a
record of the candidates’ own work, carried out by
them under my supervision and guidance, during the
period of December 2019 – May 2020.

Prof. Pradeep Shah Dr. Hitesh Shah

Faculty Guide Head
E&C Engineering Department

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Institute /
Department Seal

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INDEX

Page
Topic
No
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 7
ABSTRACT 8
LIST OF Figures 6

Chapter No. Title Page No.

1 INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 What is design thinking? 9
1.2 Its importance, Socio-economical relevance 9
1.3 Learning tools and its importance 9
1.4 Team building and Log book exercises and importance 9

2 EMPATHY MAPPING & LITERATURE REVIEW 10-11

2.1 GENERAL 10
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW 11

3 STUDY AREA AND DATA COLLECTION 12-15

3.1 GENERAL 12
3.2 Activity 12
3.3 Environment 12
3.4 Interactions 12
3.5 Object 13
3.6 Users 13
3.7 Situations/Context/Location 14
3.8 Props/Possible Solution 15

4METHODOLOGY16

5RESULTS AND ANALYSIS17

6CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS18

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7 PROTOTYPE 19

8 REFRENCES 20

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
Title
No. No.
1 Empathy Canvas 11
2 AEIOU Canvas 13
3 Ideation Canvas 15
4 Mind Map 16
5 PDC Canvas 17
6 Prototype 19

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is great pleasure and privilege to have an opportunity to take this design engineering project work entitled
“Smart Waste Management”. The time is arrived at this stage we like to show our deep gratitude towards
the people associated with this project for their support, encouragement and guidance throughout the four
semesters.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our guide Pradip Shah, Associate Professor, EC
Department, G H Patel College of Engineering & Technology, for his guidance, support, motivation and
encouragement throughout the period of this work. His readiness for consultation at all times, their educative
comments, his concerns and assistance have been invaluable.

We would like to express our gratitude towards all the teaching and non-teaching staff of the department,
who has contributed their precious time and efforts to help us in completing this Project work.

We would like to thank my all Team Members Name of Team Members for their support throughout this
project.

Lastly, we would like to express our heedful gratitude to our god, parents and family members for their
endless support.

Date:25/04/2020 Vasu Faldu

GCET, V. V. Nagar Jaynil Pandya

Abhishek Patel

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ABSTRACT

In today’s world, sanitation and waste management is a prudent issue which is

raising serious issues throughout the country. Since long, we have aimed at a clean
and green India, but our efforts towards achieveing it have been minimal. This lead
us into thinking, that we must come up with a solution to combat the problem of
improper waste management by the use of technologies we know about. This way,
our aim was to devise a project aimed at being practically applied and
implemented to solve the problems aforementioned. Thus, the idea of Smart
Waste Management combines the need for today. We have divided the project
into three parts. The first phase is the concept of Auto-Locking Dustbins. This
prevents the overflowing of dustbins which leads to reduction in scattering of
waste. The second phase consists of a GPS Module based Notification System
which alerts the Garbage Truck Driver once the bins are full so that the collection
can be ensured. In the second phase itself, we are aiming to take the idea of
notification system further and design an optimal LED system that can indicate
whether or not the dustbin is full or not. The idea is to have 3 stages of lighting:
Green for dustbin <50% full, Yellow for dustbin<75% full and Red for Dustbin >75%
full. The third and final phase includes the process of segregration of waste into
mainly dry and wet waste. With this project, we hope to impact the population at
various levels who are suffering due to the lack of sanitation and waste disposal
facilites. Improper waste management is the backbone of diseases, and moreover,
after the pandemic that we’re going through, sanitation will be of utmost
importance to the entire world. Thus, by successfully implementing these ideas
our aim is to achieve cleanliness and sanitation which leads to a healthy locality.

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Introduction

CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 WHAT IS DESIGN THINKING?

Design thinking is a methodology used by designers to solve complex problems and find
desirable solution for client. Design thinking draws upon logic, imagination, intuition
and systemic reasoning to explore possibilities of what could be and to create desired
outcomes that benefit the end user (the customer).

The goal of design thinking is “matching people’s needs with what is technologically
feasible and viable as a strategy”.

Design thinking is a creative process that helps design meaningful solutions in classroom,
at college and in community. It is generally defined as an analytic and creative process
that engages, create and prototype models, gather feedback and redesign.

1.2 IT’S IMPORTANCE AND SOCIAL RELEVANCE:

• It’s a methodology to enable innovation.
• It’s a collaborative effort that brings people together with a wide range
of disciplines.
• Focused on human goals.
• Based on observation and testing.
• Not a replacement for business analytics.
• Has the ability to solve “wicked” problems
• Reduces risk.
• Doesn’t require a traditional design background (although it helps).

1.3 LEARNING TOOLS AND IT’S IMPORTANCE

Design engineering has helped us helped us enhancing our capabilities. This whole
experience has motivated us to work hard and develop a product that would be useful
to society and have a very good impact on society.

1.4 TEAM BUILDING EXERCISES AND LOG BOOK RECORDS

Every person way of thinking is different. Thus, having different people together brings
a variety of ideas. This helps in covering all perspectives while designing solution.
Whatever rough work we do stays in the log book as a record. Sometimes it happens
that we have an idea and then after some time we forget it. Log book helps in keeping
track of such things.

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Empathy Mapping and Literature Review

CHAPTER – 2
EMPATHY MAPPING AND LITERATURE REVIEW

In empathy mapping we discovered and learned about the emotional aspect of user. In empathy mapping
we need to observe user. It means, what user wants actually. We need to observe user activities and find
the problem user faces, and find solution accordingly. This observation can be divided into some categories
two of them are Empathies and User activities observation. In empathies stage we focused to gain
understanding of user. And also, we found in it that who is going to use our product.

In this chapter we are discussing Empathy canvas.

2.1 USERS:
• Residential Areas
• Sweepers
• Industries
• Colleges/ Schools

2.2 STAKEHOLDERS:
• Industries
• Railway Authorities
• Residents
• Public Places

2.3 STORY BOARDING:

2.3.1 Happy Story:

Our visit to one neighbor’s house they said that they many times forget to switch off the lights but after
uploading the system even if they reach the office, they can switch off by the use of smart one application.
So, they were very happy because before the system was uploaded the light bill was coming too high but
now the light bill is reduced to much extend.

2.3.2 Happy Story:

Once we visited a house there was a disable person in that house so it was very difficult for him to switch
on & off the light again and again. So, by uploading this smart home system at their house he can easily
control lights and fans by sitting at a place. Even he can watch whether the lights of other room are ON or
OFF.

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Empathy Mapping and Literature Review

2.3.3 Sad Story:

Improper waste management had been a prudent issue for members of Shanti Society where most of the
society’s garbage was dumped right beside the entrance. A small boy had contacted dengue due to mosquito
breeding that caused further panic. This is how improper waste management had put lives in danger.

2.3.4 Sad Story:

Paldi was one of the poshest areas of Ahmedabad. But recently, due to the negligence of municipal
authorities, the area has been littered with waste all over. There is a spread of diseases and many localities
smell bad. People living there have raised complaints but there has been no action. This causes a lot of
discomfort to the citizens.

Fig. 2.1 Empathy Canvas

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Study Area and Data Collection

CHAPTER - 3
STUDY AREA AND DATA COLLECTION

There are always a number of thoughts going on while we start searching for problems in the open world
environment, but knowing our area of interest is the key. After a number of yes and no on various topics team
had come to a conclusion to keep the home atmosphere in mind and try to figure out something. Once the
environment was decided another challenge was to find a problem that prevails in the house and has a greater
effect on the people who are connected with it. It was rather easy for us to collect all the data that we could
work on. In the AEIOU canvas the term each letter has a specific meaning assigned to it. In the AEIOU canvas the
term each letter has a specific meaning assigned to it.

We are going to discuss AEIOU and Ideation Canvases in this chapter

3.1 AEIOU CANVAS AND IT’S DESCRIPTION

3.1.1 A: A STANDS FOR ACTIVITY:

Specific work in, and the activities and processes they go Activities are goal-directed sets of actions-
paths towards things people want to accomplish. Activities include the modes people through.

• Dumping of Waste
• Waste Collection
• Segregation of Waste

3.1.2 E: E STANDS FOR ENVIRONMENT

Environments include the entire arena where activities take place and the character and function of
the space overall, of each individual's spaces, and of shared spaces.

• Municipal Corporation
• Residential Complexes
• Waste Collection Staff
• School Complex

3.1.3 I: I STANDS FOR INTERACTIONS:

Interactions are between a person and someone or something else; they are the building blocks of
activities; the nature of routine and special interactions between people; between people and objects
in their environment, and across distances.

• People of Railway Authorities

• People in Residential Areas
• Restaurant and Hotel Owners
• Local Shopkeepers

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Study Area and Data Collection

3.1.4 O: O STANDS FOR OBJECT:

Objects are building blocks of the environment, key elements sometimes put to complex or unintended
uses (thus changing their function, meaning and context). Objects include the objects and devices people
have in their environments and relation to their activities.
• Dumpster Trucks
• LED Lights (3 Stage)
• Dustbins
• Large Open Bins

3.1.5 U: U STANDS FOR USERS:

Users are the people whose behaviors, preferences, and needs are being observed: their roles, relationships,
their values and prejudices.
• Residential Areas
• Sweepers
• Industries
• Schools / Colleges

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Study Area and Data Collection

3.2 IDEATION CANVAS AND IT’S FEATURES

An ideation canvas is a rough canvas where ideas can be stretched into any limits or dimensions.
Ideation session is not aimed at finding solutions to the defined problem. But its aim is to define the
best possible problem and stretch out its possible scope. The field is set and the overall agenda is to
build the clones of the ideas and pivot them throughout the canvas so as to discover new
possibilities.

3.2.1 PEOPLE:

• Industries
• Municipal Corporation
• Schools/Colleges
• Residential Areas
• Railway Authorities

3.2.2 ACTIVITIES:

• Waste Collection
• Segregation of Waste
• Disposal of Waste

3.2.3 SITUATIONS/CONTEXT/LOCATION:

• Institutions
• Rural Localities
• Commercial Building
• Factories
• Railway Station

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Study Area and Data Collection

3.2.4 PROPS/POSSIBLE SOLUTION:

• IR Sensors
• Small Bins
• Large Bins
• Moisture Sensors
• Dumpster Trucks
• GPS Module
• 3-Stage LED Lighting

Fig. 3.2 Ideation Canvas

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Methodology

CHAPTER - 4
METHODOLOGY

A Mind Map is a visual thinking tool that can be applied to all cognitive functions, especially memory,
learning, creativity and analysis. Mind Mapping is a process that involves a distinct combination of imagery,
color and visual- spatial arrangement. The technique maps out your thoughts using keywords that trigger
associations in the brain to spark further ideas.

Mind Maps can be drawn by hand or using software. When creating a Mind Map, there are several
elements to consider including the map’s central image, branches, colors, keywords and images.

A Mind Map is a visual thinking tool that can be applied to all cognitive functions, especially memory,
learning, creativity and analysis. Mind Mapping is a process that involves a distinct combination of imagery,
color and visual- spatial arrangement. The technique maps out your thoughts using keywords that trigger
associations in the brain to spark further ideas.

Fig. 4.1 Mind Mapping Canvas

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Results and Analysis

CHAPTER - 5
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

The Product Canvas is a strategic product planning tool that allows you to quickly capture, describe,
challenge, and pivot your product strategy on just a single page. The Product Canvas solves all the problems
via a one-page template that allows you to quickly capture the key components of any product in a
structured and concise way, and clearly communicate your vision to stakeholders in a readily
understandable format.

The Product Canvas is a strategic product planning tool that allows you to quickly capture, describe,
challenge, and pivot your product strategy on just a single page. The Product Canvas solves all the problems
via a one-page template that allows you to quickly capture the key components of any product in a
structured and concise way, and clearly communicate your vision to stakeholders in a readily
understandable format.

Fig. 5.1 Product Development Canvas

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Conclusion

CHAPTER - 6
CONCLUSION

Waste Disposal and its proper management is a prevailing issue in most parts of our country.
We observe the effects of this in our surroundings.

Upon reviewing the problems, our project aims to be the solution that can be implemented
with ease. The use of technologies of our domain, like the inculcation of IR Sensors, GPS
Module and several other instruments has paved the way to create this project which we hope
serves the purpose it was initially destined for.

We wish that along with this, the mindsets of people will also change towards the
environment and its pollution. This project is a way in which we are aiming at achieving
sustainable development and healthy surroundings.

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Prototype

CHAPTER - 7
PROTOTYPE

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Chap 8: REFRENCES

https://www.instructables.com/id/Home-Automation-Using-Arduino-Uno/

https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/jithinsanal1610/home-automation-using-arduino-arduino-diy-project-6c03ba

https://www.electronicshub.org/arduino-based-home-automation/

https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Shubhamkumar97/home-automation-using-arduino-and-bluetooth-control-
404e9c

https://predictabledesigns.com/home-automation-with-an-arduino-a-basic-tutorial/

https://circuitdigest.com/arduino-home-automation-projects

https://www.pantechsolutions.net/Sarduino-based-home-automation

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