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:ﻟﻤﻢ "؟
٦ ،
ﺍﺳﺮ ﺏ ﺍ
ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ
ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴ
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ
ﻓﻲ
(٥١٤٤
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣ )٢
ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺲ
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ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚﺳﻌﻮﺩ،ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮ ١٤٤٢ﻫـ)(٢٠٢٠ﻡ
ﺩﺍﺭ
ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻓﻬﺪﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ
.ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﻴﻦﻓﻲﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ.ﻃﻪ-
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﻴﻦ
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
./ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
، -ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ ١٤٤٢ﻫـ
، ١٩٠ﺹ ٢٤٧١٧
٩٧٨-٠٣-٥ ٠٧-٨٩٤-٨ :ﺭﺩﻣﻚ
.ﺃﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
-١
١٤٤٢ ١٦٧/ ﺩﻳﻮﺍ ٣ ١٩
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻣﻦ
ﻭﺗﺤﻜﻴﻤﻪﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﺔ
ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚﺳﻌﻮﺩ،ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮﻭﻗﺪﺗﻢﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔﻪ
ﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏﺻﺎﺩﺭﻋﻦﺩﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦﻭﻓﻖﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ.ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ﺳﻮﺍ
ﺑﺈﻋﺎﺩﺓﻧﺸﺮﺃﻱﺟﺰﺀﻣﻦﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏﺑﺄﻱﺷﻜﻞﻭﺑﺄﻱﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺀ.ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻻﻳﺴﻤﺢﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻭﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﻬﺎﺑﺪﻭﻥ
ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﺃﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺎﺩﺗ
ﻧﻈﺎﻡﺣﻔﻆ
ﻓﻲﺃﻱ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮﺃﻭﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ
ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔﺃﻭﺁﻟﻴﺔﺑﻴﺎ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻞﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔﻣﻦ .ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭ
ﻧﺴﻌﺪﺑﻤﻠﺤﻮﻇﺎﺗﻜﻢﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺗﻜﻢﻋﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏﻭﻧﻌﺘﻨﻲﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ
sa
vreaic@ksu.edu.
ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺍﻹﻳﻤﻴﻞ:ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ
ﺣﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺩﺍﺭ
ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺳﻌﻮﺩ
KING SAUD UNIVERSJTY PRESS
ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ،،ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
/ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐﺃﺧﺘﻲ:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
.ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ
- ١ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓ
.ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ
-٢ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
٣
ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
.ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
:gﺃﻭﻻ
ﺃﻫ
ﻰ ﻞ ﻓﻴﻄﻠ ﻋﻠ
ﻳﻀﻴﻖﺣﻴﻨﺎ؛ ﻖ:ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻦﻟﻔﻆ
ﻭﺳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻬﻤﺰﺓ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ:ﻟﻐﺔﺑﻀﻢ
ﺍﻷﺛـﻴ
ﺭﻫﻄﻪﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﻳﺘﻘﻮﻯ،ﺑﻬﻢﻗﺎﻝﺍﺑﻦ :ﺮ
ﻓﻴﻄﻠﻖﻋﻠﻰ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻭﻳﺘﺴﻊﺣﻴﻨﺎ
ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻋﺸﻴﺮﺓ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻭﺃﻫﻞﺑﻴﺘﻪ،ﻷﻧﻪﻳﺘﻘﻮﻯ»ﺑﻬﻢ .
:ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ«
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴ ﻝ
ﻗﺎ ﻛﺎﻷﻫﻞ ،ﺮﺓ
، ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ؛
ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻓﺔﻟﻠﻔﻆ
ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻇﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺗﻀﻤﻦﻭﻗﺪ
ﻚ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﺃﻧﺬﻋﺸﻴﺮﺗ
:ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ(٧)،ﻭﻗﺎﻝ
ﻷﻫﻠﻬﻪﺇﻥ ﺍﻧﺘﺖ ﺗﺎﺭﺍ
ﻣﻮﻣﺊ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﺇﺫﻗﺎﻝ
:ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ(٢١٤).
ﺍﻷﻗﺮﻳﺖ
.ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ
ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻓﺒﺞ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ(ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥﻣﻦ ﺯﻭﺝﻭﺯﻭﺟﺔﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩ ،ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﻭﺗﺤﻜﻤﻬﺎﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ).ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
ﻓﻌ
ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔﻭﻫﻲﻋﻘﺪ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥﻣﻦﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ
)ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺭﺍﺑﻄﺔ(
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎ
ﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴ
ﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻼ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥﻫﺬﻩ
ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪﻫﺬﻩ.ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ
ﻃﺮﻓﻴ:ﻫﻤﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﺻﻞﻣﻦ ﻦ
ﻣﻦ(ﺯﻭﺝﻭﺯﻭﺟﺔﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩ)ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻳﺮﺯﻗﺎﻥﺑﺎﻷﻭﻻﺩﻛﻤﺎﻫﻮﻏﺎﻟﺐﺣﺎﻻﺕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ :
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ،ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻭﻗﺪ
٩.
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻰ
)ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻣﺔ(ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﻗﻮﻣﻮ ﻋﻠ
-ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻭﺝ؛ ﻫﻮﻣﺼﺪﺭ
) ٣٤ﻝ
ﻭﻗﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺴ( ،
ﺃﻣﺆﻟﻬﺔ :ﺎﺀ
ﺃﻧﻔﻘﻮﺍﻣﻦ
ﻭﻳﻤﺎﺑﻌﺾ
ﻋﻠﻦ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺔ
ﻓﺼﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺃﻟﺘﺴﺎﻳﻤﺎ
»ﻭﺭﻳﺎﺳﺔ
) ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(٢٢٨:ﺃﻱ« :ﺭﻓﻌﺔ
) ﺣﻜﻴﻢﻩﺩﺭﺟﺔﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﺰﻳﺰ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﻭﻟﻠﺮﺟﺎﻝﻋﻠﻴﻦ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
، ﻓﺪﺭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻫﻲﺩﺭﺟﺔﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻑﻭﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔﻭﺍﻟﺬﻭﺩﻋﻦ
)ﺯ٢
ﻭﻫﺬﻩﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔﻣﻠﻘﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰﻋﺎﺗﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ .
)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﻈﻴﺔ(ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪﺟﻞ:ﺛﻨﺎﺅﻩ ﻓﻠﺼﻠﺤﻨ
ﺖ -ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ؛ﻫﻲﻣﺼﺪﺭ
ﺓ ﻻﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﻰ
ﻋﻠ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻴﺔﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ( ٣٤)،ﺇﻥ
ﺣﻨﻔﻈﻨﺖﻟﻠﻐﻴﺐﺑﻤﺎﺣﻔﻆﺁﻟﻠﻪﻩ
ﻗﻨﻴﺘﻨﺖ
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻠﻔﺔ ،ﺑﻬﺎﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ
ﺣﻔﻆﺣﻘﻮﻕ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺑﻞﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻛﻞﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻠﻪﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺀ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ ﺏ ﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﻏﺘﻲ ﺃﻻ(ﺍﺧﺒﺮﻙ ﺑﺨﻴﺮﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻨﺰ ؟
ﺣﻔﻈﺘﻪ
") ،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﺇﺫﺍﻧﻈﺮﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ،ﺳﺮﺋﻪﻭﺇﺫﺍﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ،ﺃﻃﺎﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺇﺩﺍﻏﺎﺏﻋﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ ﻲﻓ
ﺍ ﻭﺗﺤﻔﻈﻪﻓﻲﻣﺎﻟﻪﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮﺍﻟﻠﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻧﺴﺎﺏﺍﻷﻣﺔ،
ﺗﺤﻔﻈﻪ
ﺇﻥﺃﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ.
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﺘﺔﻣﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻷﺟﻴﺎﻝﻭﺻﺎﻧﻌﺔ
ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ ؛
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳ
ﻦ ﻃﺎﻋ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ،ﻭﻭﺍﺟﺒﻬﻢ ﺔ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺪﺍﻣﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ
-ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ؛ﻫﻢﻣﺼﺪﺭﻗﻮﺓ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺘﻬﻤﺎﻓﻲﻛﺒﺮﻫﻤﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﺭﻋﻮﻫﻢﻭﺳﻬﺮﻭﺍﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ
)(٥
ﻓﻲﺻﻐﺮﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔﻭﻣﺎ.ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞﻫﺬﻩ )(٢
،ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٦٦٤)،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲﻲﻓﺳﻨﻨﻪ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﺏﻓﻲﺣﻘﻮﻕ
٣ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺰ ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪ ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٧٠٢٧)،ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢﻲﻓ
ﻳﺨﺮﺟﺎﻩ
». ،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﺭﻙ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ :(١٤٨٧)،ﻭﻗﺎﻝﺣﺪﻳﺚ«ﺻﺤﻴﺢﻋﻠﻰﺷﺮﻁﺍﻟﺸﻴﺨﻴﻦﻭﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔﻭﻣﺎ.ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞﻫﺬﻩ )(٤
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔﻭﻣﺎ.ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞﻫﺬﻩ )ﻩ(
٠
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺮﺗﺐ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ)ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﻭﻫﻲ
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
ﻭﺗﺤﻜﻤﻬﺎ(
ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ.ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ
»ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯﻭﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ«
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖﻳﻄﻠﻖﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ:ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
،ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩﻭﺯﻭﺟﺎﺕﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ ،ﻭﻣﺎ
»ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻀﻢﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ«
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﻭﺳﻊ
ﻳﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪﻣﻦﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻡ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎﻳﻀﻢﺍﻷﺧﻮﺍﻝﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﻻﺕ ،ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻦ
ﻣﻤ
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ .ﺓ
ﺗﺘﻜﻮ ﺓ
ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ ﻥ
ﻫﺆﻻﺀ
ﻓﻤﻦ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ
ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ
ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻬﻢ
.ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
:ﺃﻭﻻﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ
ﻣﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ،ﻛﺒﺮﻯﻭﺗﺘﻀﺢﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓ
ﻩ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ؛ﻓﻴﺼﻠﺢﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
١ﺃﻧﻬﺎﺗﺸﺒﻊﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ
ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖﻣﺮﺍﺩﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻗﺎﻝ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻬﻴﻢﺷﺆﻭﻧﻪ،ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻯ ﺑﺬﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰ
ﺓﻭﺭﺣﻤﺔﺇﻥ
ﻭﺟﻌﻞﺑﻴﺘﻜﻢﻣﻮﺩ
ﻟﺘﺴﻜﻨﻮﺍﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ
ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢﺃﺯﻭﺟﺎ
ﺣﻠﻖﻟﻜﺮﻣﻦ
ﺍﻳﻨﺘﻪﺀ،ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻜﻮ
ﺓ ﻥ :ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ()٢١ﻓﻘﺪﺑﻴﻨﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﺃﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﻳﺘﻔﻜﺮﻭﻥﻩ
ﻟﻘﺆﻡﻓﻰﺫﻟﻚﻻﻳﻨﺖ
ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻌ ﻮﻥ
،ﺔ ﻢﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺩﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ ﺓ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ،
ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞ
ﻓﻲ
ﺳﻴﺒﺎ
"ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺔ .
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ؛ﻓﻔﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻳﺸﺒﻊﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﻭﺇﺷﺒﺎﻉﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺎﺕﻏﻴﺮﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٦٣٩).
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
- -١١
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟـﺪ
ﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺐ ﻒ ﻳﺸﻌﺮﻭ ﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻨﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔﺃﻳﻀﺎﺣﻴﺚ ﻥ ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﻢ
ﻥ
ﻬﺎ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓﻛﻤﺎﺃﻧﻬﻢﻲﻓﻣﺤﻴﻄ
، ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎﺍﻟﺤﺐ
ﻏﺮﺱﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻤﻴﻦ
ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻠﻬﻢﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔﻭﻗﻴﻤﻬﻢﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔﻓﻲﻇﻞﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺓﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪﺓ
ﺏﻲﻓ
ﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮ
ﻳﺸﺒﻌﻮﻥﺣﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﻢﺍﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻄﻌ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﺔ،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺤﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻳﻮﻓﺮﻭﻥﻟﻬﻢ،ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﻢﻭﻗﻴﺎﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ
ﻇﻞﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔﺍﻷﻫﻞﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴﺍﻟﺘﻲﻛﺎﻧﺖﻭﻣﺎ
ﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ
ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﻣﻦ
ﻳﺤﺼﻦ
.ﺍﻷﻣﻢ
ﺿﻴﺎﻉﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲﺯﺍﻟﺖﺳﺒﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﻣﻦ:ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻚﻓﻔﻲﻇﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﻘﻮﻡﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺗﺤﻔﻆﺍﻷﻧﺴﺎﺏﻭﺗﺼﻮﻥ
٢ﺃﻧﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮ ،
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ؛ﺗﻌﻒﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱﻓﻼﺗﺘﻄﻠﻊﻟﻠﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺔ
ﺳﺮﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻻ
ﻓﻴﻨﺸ
ﺎ ﻭﺗﺤﻔﻆﺍﻟﺼﻼﺕﺑـﻴﻦﺫﻭﻱﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ،
ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺽﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻧﺲ
ﻭﺗﺼﺎﻥ
ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺣﻢﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺩﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺴﻌﺪﻓﻴﻪ.ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﻓﻲﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞﻧﺸﺄﺗﻪ:ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ
٣ﺃﻧﻬﺎﺗﻮﻓﺮ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝﺇﻟﻰﺯﻣﻦﻃﻮﻳﻞﺣﺎﻓﻞﺑﺎﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺑﻨﺎﺀ
،ﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻴ
ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻬ ﺮﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﻭﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺒﺪﻑﻻﻳﺘﺄﺗﻰ ﺪ
، ﻓﻲﺑﻨﺎﺀ
ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ
ﻣﻬﻴﺎ
.ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻮﺩﻣﻦﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳﻦ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲﺗﻀﺎﻓﺮ
ﺑﻞ
ﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭ ﺣﻴ
ﻞ :ﻟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﻭﺗﺤﻤ
ﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻲﺭﻭﺡ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﻞ
ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ
ﺗﻘﻮﻱ
- ٤ﺃﻧﻬﺎ
ﺃﻫـﺪﺍﻓﻬ
،ﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ،ﻏﺎﻳﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﺑﻠﻮﻍ
ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ،ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻪﻭﻟﻴﺲﻫﺬﺍ
ﻓﻲﺃﺩﺍﺀﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،
ﻓﻴﺴﻌﻰ ﻛﻞﻓﺮﺩﻣﻨﻬﻢ
ﺭﺳﻮ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠ ﻳﻘﻮ ﻝ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ ﻝ
ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺓ،
ﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﻓﻲﻋﺎﻡ
،ﻓﻘﻂﺑﻞ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ
- ١٢٠
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔﻲﻓ ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝﻋﻦ،ﺭﻋﻴﺘﻪ ﺓ
ﻓﻲﺃﻫﻠﻪﻭﻫﻮ
:ﻏﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ(ﺭﺍﻉ
) (١
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ )ﺭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ .
.ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ
ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮ
ﻟﻘﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﻭﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ،ﻭﻣﻦﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ
ﺣﻈﻴﺖﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺑﻤﺰﻳﺪﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ
ﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻰ :
ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻷ،ﺳﺮﺓ ﻭﺣﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
:ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬﺎﻓﻘﺪﺭﻏﺐ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺹﻋﻠﻰ
- ١
ﺕﻢ
ﻟﻜ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻓﺎﻧﻜﺤﻮﺍﻣﺎ ﻃﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ،ﻗﺎﻝ
،ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬﺎﻭﺩﻋﺎﺇﻟﻰﺫﻟﻚﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﺖﺃﻳﻤﺘﻜﺔ
ﺣﺪﺓﺃﻭﻣﺎ ﻣﻠﻜ
ﺗﻌﺪﻟﻮﺍﻓﻮ
ﻭﺯﺑﻨﻊﻓﺈﻥﺟﻘﺌﺔﺃﻻ
ﻭﻧﻠﻨﺚ
ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﻣﺊ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺤﻴﻣﻦﻋﺒﺎﺩﺭ
ﻦ ﺍﻷﻳﻨﻤﻰ ﻳﻨﻜﺰ
:ﺍﻧﻨﺴﺎﺀ( )،ﻡﻭﻗﺎﻝ:ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﻜﺤﻮﺍ
ﻲ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮ() .٣٢ﻓﻔ
ﻭﺳﻊﻋﻠﻴﻪ :ﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﻦﻓﻀﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻐﻨﻬﻢ
،ﻓﻘﺮﺍ
ﻳﻜﻮﺛﻮﺍ
ﻭﺇﻣﺎﺑﻜﺔﺇﻥ
ﻟﻸﻭﻟﻴﺎ
ﺀ ﻭﻓﻲﺍﻵﻳﺔﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﺃﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ،ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﺃﻣﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻵﻳﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻴﺎﺩ،ﺑﺈﻧﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦﺗﺤﺖﻭﻻﻳﺘﻬﻢﻣﻦﺍﻷﻳﺎﻣﻰ:ﻭﻫﻢﻣﻦ ﻻﺃﺯﻭﺍﺝ،ﻟﻬﻢ
ﻣﻦ،ﺭﺟﺎﻝﻭﻧﺴﺎﺀ،ﺛﻴﺐ،ﻭﺃﺑﻜﺎﺭﻓﻴﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐﻭﻭﻟﻲ،ﺍﻟﻴﺘﻴﻢ ﺃﻥﻳﺰﻭﺝ
ﻣﺄﻣﻮﺭﻳﺑﺈﻧﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦ ﺖ
ﺗﺤ ﻦ ﻧﻔﻘﺘﻪ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ
ﻣﻤﻦﺗﺠﺐ
ﻣﻦﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ،ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺝ
"".ﺃﻭﻟﻰ
ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢﻣﻦﺑﺎﺏ
ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢﺑﺎﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
،ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢﻛﺎﻥ
- ١٣٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎ ﻣ
ﻦ ﻣﻌﺸ ﺏ :ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ( ﺮ
ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻚ ﻭﻗﺪﺣﺚ
.
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﻦ ﻡ
ﻟﻮﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ
ﻭﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀﺓ")ﻓﻠﻴﺘﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉﻣﻨﻜﻢ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
، ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺭﺑﻂﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬﺎﺑﺈﺷﺒﺎﻉﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ
ﻭﻟﺤﺮﺹﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻋﻠﻰﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻰ :
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺋ
ﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴ ﻉ
ﻭﺇﺷﺒﺎﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓﺑﻴﻦ ﻦ
ﺭﺑﻂﺍﻟﺤﺚﻋﻠﻰﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬﺎﺟﺎﺫﺑﻴﺔ
ﺃﺟ
ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺘﻬ ﻦﻣ ﻞ
ﻓﻄﺮﻳﺇﻟﻰ ﺎ
ﺩﺍﻓﻌﺎ ﺎ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﻳﺔ؛ﻟﻴﺠﺪ
ﻜﻢﻦﻣ ﺲ
ﻧﻔ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﺣﻠﻘ
ﻫﻮ :ﻰ ﻭ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻷﻧﺲ ، ﻓﻲ
ﺭﻏﻴﺘﻪ
ﺇﺷﺒﺎﻉ
ﻰ
ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ()١٨٩ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠ
: ﻟﻴﺴﻜﻦﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻩ
ﻣﻨﺒﻬﺎﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺅﻭﺟﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒ
ﺟﺎ ﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺣﻴﺚ ﺀ
ﺍﻷﻧﺲ ،ﺓﻹﺷﺒﺎﻉﺭﻏﺒﺔ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ
ﺳﺒﻴﻞ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮ
ﻋﺔ ﺑـ»ﻋﻨﺪ
» ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳﺔ،ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻴﺔﻭﻟﻢﻳﺄﺕ
»ﺇﻟﻰ«ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺑﺤﺮﻑﺍﻟﺠﺮ
ﻓﻲﺍﻵﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻜ
ﻦ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﻴﺴﻜﻦﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ »ﻭﻟﻢ:ﻳﻘﻞ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔﻓﻘﺎﻝ
ﻟﻠﻈﺮﻓﻴﺔ
»،ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻟﺬﺍﻗﺎﻝﺑﻌﺾ:ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﺇﻥﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻪ
"".ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺣﻲ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎ
ﻓﻄﺮﺓﻓﻄﺮﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺱ
ﻓﻲﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ،ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺭﺑﻄﻬﺎﺑﺈﺷﺒﺎﻉﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ
ﺷﺤ:
ﺭﺳﻮﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻲ
،ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻠﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝ ﻝ
ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎﻓﺮﻳﺪﺍ
ﻭﺟﻌﻞﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﻓﺈﻧﻲﻣﻜﺎﺛﺮﺑﻜﻢ)".ﺍﻷﻣﻢ
ﺗﺰﻭﺟﻮﺍ(ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻭﺩﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺓ
:ﻣﻦ( ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻗﻮﻝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ
) (١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
)،ﻓﻠﻴﺘﺰﻭﺝﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٠٦٥)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺍﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻟﻤﻦ ﺗﺎﻗﺖ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ )(١٤٠٠
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ)(٣١١
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦﺗﺰﻭﻳﺞﻣﻦﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺪﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
) (٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ٢٢٩).(٢/
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
(٢٠٥٠).ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲ
. ١٤
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺩﻭ ﺭ
ﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺤﻴﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﻥ
:ﺗﻘﻮﻳﻀﻬﺎﻓﻘﺪﻋﻤﻞ
- ٢ﺳﺪﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏﺃﻣﺎﻡ
ﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳ
،ﺳﺮﺓﻭﺣﺮﺹﻋﻠﻰﺳﺪﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻔﻚ،ﺭﺑﺎﻃﻬﺎﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺝ
ﺍﻷ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ:ﻟﺸﺆﻭﻧﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻀﻤﻦ
٣ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻊﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﺸﺆﻭﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﺣﺘﻰﺇﻥﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻬﺮﺓﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠ
ﻕ ﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺷﻤﻠﺖ
ﻛﺘﺒﻬﻢ
ﻓﻲﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ
ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺑﺎ
ﺃﻓﺮﺩﻭﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻈﻬﺎﺭﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﺮﺍﺙ.ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊﺇﻟﻰﺃﻥﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢﺗﺤﺪﺙﻋﻦﺍﻷﻫﻞﻲﻓ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍ
ﻭﻧﺸﻴﺮ
ﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎﺀﺫﺍﺕﺻﻠﺔﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ،ﻣﻮﺿﻌﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﻭﺭﺩﺕﻓﻴﻪﺳﻮﺭﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔﺳﻤﻴﺖ
ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ :ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺭﺓﺁﻝ،ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥﻭﺳﻮﺭﺓﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ ،ﻭﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻭﺳﻮﺭﺓ
.
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺘﻬﺎﻲﻓ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻭﻋﻠﻮ
ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ
،ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻣﻤﺎﻳﺪﻝﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ
ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺎ
ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ؛ ﻧﻮﺟﺰ
ﺑﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ
ﻓﻲﻇﻞﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ
ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻰ :
.ﻭﺳﻠﻮﻛﺎ
ﻣﻨﻬﺠﺎ
ﺑﺎﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻬﺎ
ﻓﺒﻪ:ﺃﻭﻻ
،
ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥﺗﺴﻴﺮﻋﻠﻰﻣﻨﻬﺎﺝﺭﺑﺎﻧﻲﻗﻮﻳﻢﻳﺤﻜﻢﻋﻼﻗﺔ
ﻓﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻭﻳﺤﺪﺩﺳﻠﻮﻛﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ.ﻭﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺃﻫﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻳﻌﺪﻣﻦ ﻢ
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖﻋﻨﺪﺑﻨﺎﺀ »
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ«
ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ
ﺳﺒﻴﻞﻓﻌﻠﻰ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻟﻴﻬﻴﺌﻬﺎﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ،ﺑﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎﻓﻌﻦ
ﺍﻋﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ،ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻭﺫﻟﻚﻟﻴﻀﻤﻦ
ﻭﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻬ
،ﺎ ﻭﻟﺤﺴﺒﻬﺎ
، ،ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻷﺭﺑﻊ:
ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﺏ ،ﺃﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﻏﻴﻚ ،ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺗﻨﻜﺢ(
ﺃﺑﻲ
ﺍﻟﻠ
ﺭﺳﻮ ﻪ
ﻓﺎﻇﻔﺮﺑﺬﺍﺕﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺗﺮﺑﺖ"")ﻳﺪﺍﻙﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺇﺧﺒﺎﺭﻣﻦ ﻝ
،ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﻫ :
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ
ﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺇﻟﻰﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻋﻤﺎﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺐ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺣﺚﻣﻨﻪﻋﻠﻰﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢﺫﺍﺕﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ،ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻟﻤﺎﻲﻓ
ﺓﻣﻦ""ﺟﻬﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺪ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓﻣﻦﺗﺪﻳﻨﻬﺎﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﺎ،ﻭﺃﻣﻦ
ﻋﺸﺮﺗﻬﺎﻣﻦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ.
ﺃﺭﺍﺩﻫﺎﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ
ﺳﻌﻴﻬﺎ
:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﻓﺤﺴ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳ ﺐ؛
ﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﺮ
ﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ
ﻟﻴﺴﺖﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ
ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺑﻞﻫﻲﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔﺗﺘﺮﺑﻰﻓﻴﻬﺎﺍﻷﺟﻴﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺗﺰﻛﻮﻓﻴﻬﺎ،ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱﻭﺗﻐﺮﺱﻓﻴﻬﺎﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ،
ﺓﻋﻦﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻤﻮﻓﻴﻬﺎﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﺍﻟﻤﻌﺒﺮ
ﻭﺗﺰﺭﻉﻓﻴﻬﺎ
.ﻬﺎ
ﺗﺤﻘﻴﺃﻫـﺪﺍﻓ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﻖ ﻣﺆﺳﺴ ﻰ
ﺗﺴﻌ ﻭﺇﻏﻤﺎﻫﻲ ﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺚ
ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﺎﻟﻠﻬﻮ
ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻧﻬﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻦ:
ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺭﺩﻫﺎﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻴ
ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩﻫﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻋﻠﻰﺗﻨﻮﻋﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺗﺴﺘﻬﺪﻓﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻭﺟﻨﺘ ،
ﻓﻲﻓﻮﺯﺟﻤﻴﻊﺃﻋﻀﺎﺋﻬﺎﺑﺮﺿﻰﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻪ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ:ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﻏﺎﻳﺔ،ﺃﺧﺮﻭﻳﺔﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ
ﻬﺎﻣﻠﻨﺒﻜﺔ
ﺭﺓﻋﻠﺘﻴ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎ
ﻭﻗﻮﺩﻫ
ﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻴﺌﺮﺗﺎﺭﺍ
ﺍﻟﺬﺑﻴﻦﺍﻣﻨﻮﺃ،ﻗﻮﺍﺃﻧﻔﺴﺮ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻳﻨﺄﻫﺎ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ(٦).
: ﻳﺆﻣﺮﻭﻥ
ﻭﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥﻣﺎ
ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ
ﻳﻌﺼﻮﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﺎ
ﻏﻼﻅﺷﺪﺍﺩﻻ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻓﻲﺑﻨﺎﺀﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻭﺗﺄﻫﻴﻠﻬﻢﻟﻴﻘﻮﻣﻮﺍﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒﻬﻢﻲﻓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ؛ﻭﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ
ﺑﻨﺎ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓﻣﻦﺧﻴﺮﺍﺗﻬﺎﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻬﺎﺍﻟﺘﻲﺃﻭﺩﻋﺖ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎﻭﻟﻴﺸﺎﺭﻛﻮﺍﻲﻓ ﺀ
ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓﺍﻷﺭﺽ،
ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓﻭﻓﻖﺍﻷﺳﺲ.ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ
.ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻓﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓ
ﺷﻴﻮﻉ
:gﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﺣﺎﺿﺮﺗﺎ
ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓﻳﻠﺤﻆﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ
ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘﺄﻣﻞ
ﻓﻲ ﺟﻊﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ :
ﺣﻠﻟﻜﺮﻳﻦ
ﺍﻳﻨﺘﻮﺀ،ﺃﻥ ﻖ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻓﻔﻲﺟﺎﻧﺐ
ﻰ
ﺑﻤ«ﺭﺗﺐ ﻋﻠ
:ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ():٢١ﺃﻱ ﺎ
ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺔﻩ
ﻣﻮﺩﺓ
ﻭﺟﻌﻞﺑﻴﺘﻜﻢ
ﻟﺘﺴﻜﺘﻮﺍﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ
ﺃﻧﻘﺴﻜﺔ ﺃﺯﻭ
ﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺬ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻣﻦﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏﺍﻟﺠﺎﻟﺒﺔﻟﻠﻤﻮﺩﺓ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﻓﺤﺼﻞﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻼﺗﺠﺪﺑﻴﻦﺃﺣﺪﻲﻓﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐﻣﺜﻞﻣﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ،ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢ
ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓ»ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ .
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺣﻢ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻭﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀﺗﺒﺪﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺩ
ﻭﻓﻲﺟﺎﻧﺐ
ﺭﺑﻴﺎﺻﻐﺮﺍ
ﺍﺯﺣﻤﻬﻛﻤﺎ ﻥ
ﻭﻗﻞﺭﺕ ﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﺍﺧﻔﺾﻟﻬﻤﺎﺟﻨﺎﺡﺍﻟﺪﻝﻣﻦ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﻣﻨﻬﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺨﻮ ﻤﺎ
ﻟﻸﺟﺮ ،ﻻﻷﺟﻞ ﻑ
ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺴﺎﺑﺎ
ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺔ
ﺗﻮﺍﺿﻊﺫﻻﻟﺒﻤﺎ
:ﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ"():٢٤ﺃﻱ
ﺻﻐﻴﺮ .
ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎﺇﻳﺎﻙ "ﺍﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ،ﻭﺃﻣﻮﺍﺗﺎﺟﺰﺍﺀ
ﺃﺣﻴﺎﺀ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
،ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻬﻤﺎﻭﺍﺫﻉﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﺀ
ﻧﺎﺻﻌ
ﺝ ﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓﻋﺮﺽﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﺫ
ﻭﻓﻲﺟﺎﻧﺐﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺍﻷﺧﻮﻳﺔﺑﻴﻦﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ
ﻭﺭﺣﻤﺘ
ﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﻭﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚﻟﻴﻦﺟﺎﻧﺐﻧﺒﻲﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﻮﺳﻒﻣﻜﻪﻹﺧﻮﺗﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓ
ﺍﻣﺘﻸﺕ
. ١٧
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﻫﻨ
ﻒ ﺬﺍ
ﻳﻮﺳﻒﻗﺎﻝﺃﺗﺄ ﻳﻮﺳ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍﺃﻭﻧﻚﻷﻧﺖ
ﻣﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥ،ﻣﻨﻬﻢﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ
ﺑﻬﻢ
ﺗﺎﻟﻠ
ﻭﻳﺼﺒﺮﻓﺈﺭﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻳﻀﻴﻊﺃﺟﺮﺍﻟﻤﺨﺴﻨﻲ ﻱﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻪ
ﺃﻯﻗﺪﻣﺮﻱﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎﺇﻧﻬﺮﻣﻦﻳﺘﻖ
ﻭﻫ
ﻟﻜ ﻮ
ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢﺃﻟﻴﺆﻡﻳﻐﻔﺮﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻢ
ﻟﻘﺪﺍﺛﺮﻙﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻟﺨﻄﻴﻲ ﻱﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺗﺘﺮﻳﺐ
ﻟﻬ
ﺗﻌﻴﻴ ﻢ
ﺳﻤﺎﺣﺎ،ﺗﺎﻣﺎﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ ﺮ
ﺳﻤﺢﻟﻬﻢ
:ﻳﻮﺳﻒ( ٩٠٩٠ﻓﻘﺪ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻴﺮﺕﻩ
ﺃﺯﺣﻢ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﻭﻫﺬﺍﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ،ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻟﻬﻢ
"ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻔﻴﻦ .
ﻳﺘﺄﺗﻰ ﺇﻻﻣﻦﺧﻮﺍﺹﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖﻭﺧﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﺓ ﻓﺄﻓﺮﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓ؛ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﺑﻴﻦﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﺩ
ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﺷﻴﻮﻉﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲﻋﻮﻥ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻲﻓ
ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃ
،ﻭﻣﺮﻫﺎ ﺓ
ﻓﻲﺟﻤﻴﻊﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ،ﺣﻠﻮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻳﺪﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ
.ﻭﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ
ﻓﻲﻋﻮﻥﺃﺧﻴﻪ
،ﻋﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻷﺥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪﻋﻠﻰ .
ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎ
ﺝ
ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓﻋﻠﻰ،ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺑﻞﻫﻲﺃﺳﺮﺓﻣﺼﺤﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎﺃﺳﺮﺓﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ
ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺘﻤﺎﺀ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﻣﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ،ﺑﻬﺎﺗﺆﺛﺮﻓﻴﻪ،ﻭﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ،ﺑﻪﻭﺗﺸﻌﺮ.
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
ﻋﻠﻰ
.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ
ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓﻫﻲﺍﻷﻣﺔ
ﻭﻗﺪﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻬﺎﺑﺎﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﻣﻊﻛﻞﻣﻦﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ؛:ﻛﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﺻﻠﺔﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ،ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭ ﻭﻋﻴﺎﺩ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ .ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٤٠٥).
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
. ١٨٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺃﺧﻲ/ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻋﻠﻰ:
ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﺒﺬﻩﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
.ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
١ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻣﻮﻗﻒﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺑﻴﻦ
٢ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺤﺎﻛﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ.ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻓﻲﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﺣﺮﻣﺔ
ﻋﻈﻢ
ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻙ
٣-
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒ
ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ
.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ
ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ
ﻗﻪ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺗﺸﻤﻠﻪﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﺍﺋﺰﻭﻣﻴﻮﻝ؛
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔﺑﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓﻣﻌﺘﺪﻻﺣﻴﺎﻝ
ﻣﻮﻗﻔﺎﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺍﺗﺨﺬ
ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻬﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺖ
ﺧﻠﻘ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖﻣﻌﻪ ﺎ ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻭﻗﻒﺑﻬﺎﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﺤﺪﺍﻟﺬﻱ
،ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ
ﻳﻨﻜﺮﻫﺎﻭﻟﻢ
ﻓﻠﻢ
ﻣﺴﺎﺭﻫﺎﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ؛ ﻭﺿﻊ
ﻟﻼﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ
ﻷﺟﻠﻬﺎ ،ﻟﻜﻦﻟﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔﻟﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﺤﻒ ﺑﻬﺎﻣﻦﻣﺆﺛﺮﺍﺕﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
.ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﺃﺍﻟﻌﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎﺃﻥﻧﻔﻬﻢﻣﻮﻗﻒﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻣﻦ ﺓ
ﻭﻓﻲﻇﻞﻫﺬﺍ
.ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﻊ
ﻓﻜﻼﻫﻤﺎﻳﻤﻴﻞﺇﻟﻰﺍﻵﺧﺮ
ﻣﻴﻞﻛﻞﻣﻦﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰﺇﻟﻰﺍﻵﺧﺮ
ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺮﻑ ،ﺑﻬﺎﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻝ
ﺭﺳﻮ ﺃﻗﺮﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﻭﻟﻢﻳﺘﻨﻜﺮ،ﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ
ﻓﻄﺮﺓ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻓﻠﻢﻳﻨﻜﺮ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﺘﺖ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺣﻴﺐ(ﺇﻟﻲﻣﻦ:ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ،ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐﻭﺟﻌﻠﺖﻗﺮﺓﻋﻴﻨﻲﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﻲﻓ
ﺑﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓﺇﺭﺿﺎﺀﻫﺬﻩ ﺓ"")ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓﻭﻟﻴﺲﻫﺬﺍﻓﺤﺴﺐﺑﻞﺇﻥﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻧﺎﺩﻯ
ﻋﺒﺎ
ﻦﺱ ﻓﻌ ﺍﺑ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻣﺎ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﻋﻨﺪ ﻥ
ﻳﻌﺘﺮﻱ
ﻟﻠﻨﻘﺺﺍﻟﺬﻱ
،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲﻣﻨﻌﺎ
ﺇﻃﺎﺭﻫﺎ
ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺤﺎﺑﻴﻦﻣﺜﻞ )،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﺍﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪﻣﻦ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻜﻲ :ﻟﻢ( ﻳﺮ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﻝ :
"".ﺍﻵﺧﺮ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻣﺘﻰﻣﺎﻝ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻜﺔﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﻓﻲﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ ٢٤٣٣،(٢١/ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢١٤٠٣٧،ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
) ١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ (٢/٩٢٣).
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ
ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺀ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀ ﻻﺑﻦﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ٥٥).(٤ )(٣
- -٢١
.ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ
ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﺑﺎﻷﻧﺜﻰ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﻭﻓﻲﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲﻧﺠﺪﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺋ
ﺰ ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻴﺴﺔﺇﻟﻰﺫﻡ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ،ﻓﻘﺪﻟﺠﺄﺭﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓﺇﻟﻰﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﻬﺎﻭﺍﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩﻋﻦﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﻞﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺩﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴ ﻦ
ﺑـﻴ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲﻓﻋﻼﺝ ﻞ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻚﻗﺎﻣﺖﺟﻞ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﺍ
.ﻓﻄﺮﺗﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ ﻭﺫﻟﻚﺑﺈﺑﺎﺣﺔ .ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﺑﻮﺻﻔﻬﺎﺣﺮﻳﺔﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ ،ﻣﻤﺎﺃﻓﻀﻰﺑﻬﻢ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻜﺜﺮﺕﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻰ
ﻋﺎﻧ ﺕ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺬﻭﺫﺇﻟﻰﻏﻴﺮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦ
ﻭﻗﻞ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞﻭﺗﻔﻜﻜﺖﺍﻷﺳﺮ،ﻭﻇﻬﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﺠﺰﺕﻋﻦ ﺣﻠﻬﺎ.ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ
ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ
- ٢٢٠
ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ
. ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻗﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻫﻮ
:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﻭﺟﻪﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ
ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻫﻲ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻨﺸﺄﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗ
ﺔ ﻓﻤﺤﺮﻡﺷﺮﻋﺎ؛ﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ
ﻭﺣﺚ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﺃﻣﺎﻣﺎﺳﻮﻯﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦ
)١
ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮﺓ
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓﺃﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
،ﺭﻓﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮ ﻃﺮﻳﻖﺇﻟﻰﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺫﻟﻚﻷﻧﻪ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﺣﺮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺍﺩﻋﻴﺎ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦﺣﺘﻰﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻴﻞﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﻱﺑﻴﻦ
ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻧﺔ
ﺇﻟ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴ ﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺟﺒﻠﻦﻋﻠﻰ ﻞ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻔﺎﻑﻓﺎﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺟﺒﻞﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻣﻊﻭﺟﻮﺩﺍﻟﻀﻌﻒﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻦ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍﺣﺼﻞﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱﺃﻣﺎﺭﺓ،ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺀﻭﺍﻟﻬﻮﻯﻳﻌﻤﻲ،ﻭﻳﺼﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮﺭ،ﺷﺮﻋﺎ ﻷﻥ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉﺗﺆﺩﻱﺇﻟﻰ
ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎﺀ".ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥﻳﺄﻣﺮ
ﻓﻌﻨﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺴﺘﺪﺭﺝﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ،ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ
ﻴﻦ
ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎﻭﺗﺤﺴ
، ﻖ
ﻓﻄﺮﻳﺎﻋﻠﻰﺇﺑﺪﺍﺀ،ﺃﻧﻮﺛﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻗﻴ
ﺗﺤﺮﺹ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺗﻘﺘﺮﺏ
،ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻛﺬﻟﻚﻳﺤﺮﺹﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻛﺮﻣﻨﺎﻗﺒﻪﻭﺑﻄﻮﻻﺗﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ
ﻓﺴﻼﻡ
، ﺣﺘﻰﻳﻘﻊ ﻛﻞﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎﻓﻲﻗﻠﺐﺍﻵﺧﺮ،ﻭﻋﻴﻨﻪﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺗﺒﺪﺃﺭﺣﻠﺔ:ﺍﻷﻟﻢ،ﻧﻈﺮﺓ
ﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺴﺘﺪﺭﺝﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴ
ﻓﻜﻼﻡ،،ﻓﻤﻮﻋﺪ،ﻓﻠﻘﺎﺀ،ﻓﺸﻘﺎﺀﻭﻫﺬﺍﻫﻮﻃﺮﻳﻖ
ﺕ
ﺧﻄﻮﺍ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻣﻦﺃﺗﺒﺎﻉ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﺬﺍﺣﺬﺭﻧﺎﺍﻟﻠﻪﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ
ﻳﻮﻗﻌﻬﻤﺎﻓﻲﻣﺘﺎﻫﺎﺕ
ﺣﺘﻰ
ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎﺃﺧﺮﻫﻮﻣﻠﻚﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦﻭﻟﻜﻦﻟﻴﺲﻟﻪ
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ
ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻆﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ(٢٦/٢٩٨).(١)،
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ
ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻓﻲﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ.ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ
ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢﺁﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ(١٠/٣٥).
ﻭﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ:ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ
:ﺓ٠، ١٦٨.
ﻭﻩ٢ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﻨﻦﺇﻧﻬﻪﻟﻜﺔﻋﺪﻭ ﻣﻴﻦﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ(
ﺣﻄﻮﺕﺗﺌﺒﻌﻮﺍ
:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﻭﻻ
،ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ
:ﻭﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ ١٤٢).
ﻭﻣﻨ ﺏ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎ ﺷﺮﻋﺎﻫﻮﺳﺪﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻊ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ
ﻭﻣﺘﻰﻛﺎﻥﺍﻷﻣﺮﻛﺬﻟﻚﻛﺎﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺴﻮﻕﻭﺣﺎﻝﺩﻭﻥ ﻉ
ﺷﻴﻮ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩﻭﻫﺬﺍﻣﺎﺃﺧﺬﺑﻪﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ،ﻓﺠﻔﻒ ﺑﺬﻟﻚﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎﺀ
.ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓﻏﻴﺮ
ﻟﻘﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ
ﻓﺤﺮﻣﻬﻣﻦ
ﺎ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺑﻤﻴﻦﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﻴﻦﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
ﻓﻲ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﺷﺪﺩﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻟﺸﺮ ﺃﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻦﻭﺣﻔﻈﺎ ﻑ
ﺩﻭﺍﻋﻲ
ﻭﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ
ﻟﺬﺭﻳﻌﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻬﺎ؛ﺳﺪﺍ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ.
ﺃﻋﺮﺍﺽﻓﻲ
ﻟﻠﻄﻌﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺒﺔ
ﺍﻷﻟﺴﻨﺔ
ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎﺣﺘﻰ ﻻﺗﻨﺎﻝﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﺇﻏﺮﺍﺋﻬ ،ﺑﻬﺎ
ﻢ ،ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻴﻦ
ﻧﻔﻮﺱﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥﻋﻦﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ ﻻﻳﻔﺘﺄ
ﻓﻔﻲ
ﻳﺆﻣ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻏﻚﻋﻠﻰﺫﻟﻚ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻣﻦ(ﻛﺎﻥ ﻦ
ﻳﻮﻗﻌﻬﻢﻓﻴﻤﺎﺣﺮﻡﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﻭﻗﺪﻧﺒﻪ
ﺣﺘﻰ
)١
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎ
)ﻥ ﻣﺤﺮﻡ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻓﺈﻥﺛﺎﻟﺜﻬﻤﺎ
ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺓﻟﻴﺲﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﺫﻭ
ﻳﺨﻠﻮﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪﻭﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻓﻼ
ﻳﺠﻤ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺣﺘﻰ ﻊ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺓﻭﺭﻓﻊﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺀﻭﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻮﺳﺔﻭﺗﻬﻴﻴﺞ
»ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻬﻤﺎ«
ﺃﻱ
)ﻣﺤﺮﻡ .
" ﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺓﺇﻻﻭﻣﻌﻬﺎﺫﻭ
ﻳﺨﻠﻮﻥﺭﺟﻞ
ﻭﻓﻲﺣﺪﻳﺚ،ﺁﺧﺮﻗﺎﻝ:ﻏﺘﻲ ﻻ(
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ "،
ﻓﻲﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ٢١٥).(٦/
ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٤٦٥١)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ
ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ١٩) / (٢٣ﺭﻗﻢ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪﻓﻲ
ﻟﻠﺼﻨﻌﺎﻧﻲ(٤/٣١٨).
،ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﺮﺷﺮﺡ
ﻣﺤﺮﻡﺭﻗﻢ
، ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻻﻳﺨﻠﻮﻥﺭﺟﻞﺑﺎﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺫﻭ
) (٣ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻣﺤﺮﻡﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﺞ ﺃﻭ،ﻏﻴﺮﻩﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻣﻊ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺤﺞ ﺑﺎﺏﺳﻔﺮ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٢٣٣)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
- ٢٤ -
ﺍﻟﺤﻜ ،
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ،ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﻟﻤﺎﻳﺮﻓﻊﻫﺬﺍ ﻢ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
ﻟﺤﺮﻣﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﻴﻦﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻦ ﺀ
ﺳﻮﺍ ﺩﻭﺍﻋ ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻤﺄﻧﻴﻨﺔ،ﻭﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﻲ
ﺍﻷﻣﻦﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩﻩ
ﻳﺤﺼﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻭﻫﻮ
"".ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻡ
ﺃﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﻃﺮﻑ
ﻭﻣﻨ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮﺍ ﻊ
،ﺕ ،ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻴﻠﺔﻭﺭﺩ
ﻓﻲﻧﺸﺮ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﺃﺛﺮﻛﺒﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ
ﻭﻗﺪﻛﺎﻥﻟﻬﺬﺍ
،ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺎﺕﻭﺣﻔﻆﺃﻋﺮﺍﺽ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻭﺃﺧﻼﻕ.ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼ
ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻻﻲﻓﻫﺬﺍ ﺮ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓﻟﻢﻳﻌﺪ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﻳﺪﻋﻲﺃﻥ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﺇﻟﻰﻣﻦ
ﻭﻻﻳﻠﺘﻔﺖ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴ
ﺑـﻴ ﻦﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﺀﺍﻟﺬﻱﺗﺘﺴﺒﺐﻓﻴﻪﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ ﻦ،ﻭﺗﺨﻠﻒﻷﻥﺯﻋﻤﻪﻫﺬﺍﻟﻦﻳﻤﻨﻊ
ﻭﺃﻧﻪﺭﺟﻌﻴﺔ
ﻭﺃﺿﺮﻣ
ﺖ ﺷﻘﺎﺀ،ﻭﻓﺘﻨﺔ،ﻭﺣﺴﺮﺓﻭﺃﻋﻘﺒﺖ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺔﺟﺮﺕﻧﺪﺍﻣﺔ
ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮ،ﻓﻜﻢﻣﻦﺧﻠﻮﺓ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻬﺎﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻣﻨﻬﺎﻣﻨﻌﺎﻟﻤﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻣﻦ
،ﻧﺎﺭﺍﻭﻫﺪﻣﺖ!ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻭﺫﻟﻚﻳﻮﺟﺐ
ﻧﻄﺎﻟﻌﻬﺎﻓﻲﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭﻭﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ.ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻣﺮﺓﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ
.ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ
ﺣﻔﻆ:gﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﻳﺤﺼﻞﻲﻓﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐﺃﻟﻢ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝ،ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐﻓﺒﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺛﺮﻛﺒﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰ
،ﻭﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﻷﻧﻬﺎﺗﺮﻱﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﻣﺎﻳﺸﺘﺪ ﻃﻠﺒﻪ؛ ﻭﻻ ﺻﺒﺮ ﻟﻪ ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻻﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ؛
ﻭﺫﻟﻚﻏﺎﻳﺔﺃﻟﻤﻪ.ﻭﻋﺬﺍﺑﻪﻭﻗﺪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺫﻟﻚ"ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮﺓ:ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻬﺎ
ﺭﺍﺋﺪﺍ ﻟﻘﻠﺒﻚ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﺃﺗﻌﺒﺘﻚﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻭﻛﻨﺖﻣﺘﻰﺃﺭﺳﻠﺖﻃﺮﻓﻚ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺻﺎﺑﺮ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﻡ
- ٢٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺟﺮﺣﺘ
ﻪ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﻣﻴﺔ؛ﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢﺗﻘﺘﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻣﺎﻳﻔﻌﻞﺍﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺓﺗﻔﻌﻞ
ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﺃﺣﺮﻗ
ﺍﻟﺤﺸﻴﺶﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢﺗﺤﺮﻗﻪ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺭﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﺗﺮﻣﻰ
ﺑﻤﻨﺰﻟﺔ
ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻳﺪﺭﻱ
ﻳﺮﻣﻲﻗﻠﺒﻪﻣﻦﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ " ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺓﺇﻧﻤﺎ
ﺑﺴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻣﻲ
،ﺑﻌﻀﻪﻭﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚﻳﺘﻀﺢﺃﻥ
ﻟﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺇﻟﻴﻪﺳﺪﺍ ﺏ
ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺮﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺓﺇﻟﻰﻛﻞﻣﻦﻻ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﻓﻲ
ﺻﺮﻳﺤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ
ﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢﺟﺎﺀ
ﻭﺗﻐﻔﻠ
ﺃﺑﺼﺮﻫ ﻮﺍ
ﻳﻐﻀﻮﻣﻦ ﻢ
ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺑﻴﻴﺮﺕ ﺍ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﻗﻞ
،ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏﻗﺎﻝ
ﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ
ﻭﺣﻔﻈﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺳﺪ
ﺣﺮﻣ
ﻰ ﺔﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮﻥ:ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ()٣٠ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠ
ﻓﺮﻭﺟﻬﺰﺫﻟﻚﺃﺭﺉﻟﻬﺬﺇﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﺧﺒﻴﺮﻳﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻛﻴﺔ«ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ
» ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰﻏﻴﺮﺫﻭﺍﺕﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ ،ﻭﺑﻴﻨﺖﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦﻫﺬﺍ،ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢﻭﻫﻲ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﻳﻠﻘﻪﻲﻓ
ﻱ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻰ
ﺗﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔﻣﻦ
ﻆ
ﻓﺈ ﻦﻣ ﺣﻔ
ﻷﻋﻤﺎﻟﻬ ﻥ
ﻢ، ﻭﺃﻧﻤ
ﻭﺃﻃﻴﺐ ﻰ
ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ:ﺍﻵﻳﺔﻭ«ﺫﻟﻚﺃﺯﻯ ﻫﺬ:ﺃﻱﺃﻃﻬﺮ
ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺣﺶ ﻭﺯﻛﺖﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪﺳﺲ ﻧﺮ
ﻓﺮﺟﻪﻭﺑﺼﺮﻩﻃﻬﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﺨﺒﺚﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺘﺪﻧﺲﺑﻪﺃﻫﻞ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﻦ
ﻭﻣ ﺧﻴﺮ ،
ﺗﺮﻙﺷﻴﺌﺎﻟﻠﻪﻋﻮﺿﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍ
ﻭﺗﺪﻋﻮ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻓﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ
ﺗﻄﻤﻊﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍ
ﻭﺑﺼﺮﻩﻋﻦ ﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡﺃﻧﺎﺭﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﺑﺼﻴﺮﺗﻪ ﻭﻷﻥﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪﺇﺫﺍﺣﻔﻆﻓﺮﺟﻪ
ﻏﺾﺑﺼﺮﻩﻋﻦ
ﻓﺎﻟﺸ
ﺣﻔﻈ ﻲﺀ
ﺳﻤﺎﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،ﺎ
ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻩ،ﺃﺑﻠﻎﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻩ
ﺣﻔﻈﻪ
،ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺓﻛﺎﻥ
ﺩﺍﻋﻲﻭﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻪ ،ﻣﻊ
ﻟﺤﻔﻈ ﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﺒ ﻪ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻅﺇﻥ ﻟﻢﻳﺠﺘﻬﺪﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪﻓﻲﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺘﻪﻭﺣﻔﻈﻪﻭﻋﻤﻞﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ
ﻭﻣﺤﻦ .
ﻓﻲﺑﻼﻳﺎ "»
ﺃﻭﻗﻌﺎ
ﺣﻔﻈﻬﻤﺎ ﻩ
ﻓﻲ
ﻳﻨﺤﻔﻆ ،ﻛﺬﻟﻚﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺝﺇﻥﻟﻢﻳﺠﺘﻬﺪﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ
ﺀﻛﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﻭﺭﺩﻓﻲﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦﺇﻃﻼﻕﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ
). ٣١
:ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ( )
ﻳﻐﻀﻀﻦﻣﻦﺑﺼﺎﺭﻫﻦ
ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﺘﻨﺖ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻗﻞ
ﻓﻲﺣﻖ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻗﺎﻝ
ﻭﺭﺩ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺎﻗﻴﻦﻻﺑﻦﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ(١٣٨).
ﻭﻧﺰﻫﺔﺍﻟﻤﺤﺒﻴﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺭﻭﺿﺔ )١
.ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
_YI
.ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺘﻪ
ﻭﺷﺪﺓ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ،ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﻓﻪ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﺰﻧ ﻄﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻫﻮﺳﺪﺑﺎﺏ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺔ
ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﺳﻤﻰﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ
ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍ()، ٣٢
:ﺀ ﻭﺳﺎﺀﺳﺒﻴﻼ
ﻓﻨﺤﺸﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻕﺇﻧﻬﻪﻛﺎﻥ
ﺗﻘﺮﺑﻮﺍ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺍ
ﺑﺤﺮﻣﺘﻪ ،ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺃﻋﻈﻋﻨﺪ ؟
ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺑﻲ:ﻗﺎﻝﺳﺄﻟﺖﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻏﻢ :ﺃﻱﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﻢ
ﻭﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﺑﻦ
ﻗﺎ :
ﺗﺠﻌﻞﻟﻠﻪﻧﺪﺍﻭﻫﻮ).ﺧﻠﻘﻚ:ﻗﻠﺖ ﺇﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ،ﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ :ﻗﻠﺖ ﺛﻢﺃﻱ؟ ﻝ
:ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ(
ﻭﺃﻥ(ﺗﻘﺘﻞﻭﻟﺪﻙﺗﺨﺎﻑ ﺃﻥﻳﻄﻌﻢ).ﻣﻌﻚ :ﻗﻠﺖ ﺛﻢﺃﻱ؟:ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ(ﺗﺰﺍﻧﻲ ﺣﻠﻴﻠﺔ
)ﺟﺎﺭﻙ .
ﻣﻘﺪ ﻒ
ﻳﺨﺘﻠ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺣﺪ ﺭ
ﻭﻋﻘﻮﺑﺘ ﺔ
ﻪ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺮﻭﻳﺔ،
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ
ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻮﺑﺘﻴﻦ
ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻖ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺍﻧﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻭ«
ﻦ »ﺝ ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﻥ،ﻭﻋﺪﻣﻪﻓﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼ
ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻧﻲ ﺃﻭ،ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻧﻴﺔﻣﻦﺣﻴﺚ
ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑﺣﺎﻝ
ﻣﺎﺋ
ﻫﺍﻟﺠﻠﺪ ﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻭ ﻲ
ﻦﻏﻴﺮ« »ﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼ
ﻭﻋﻘﻮﺑﺔﻏﻴﺮ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ
ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓﺣﺘﻰ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻢ
ﺟﻠﺪ ﻭﻻ
ﻣﺘﻬﻤﻣﺄﻧﺔ ﺓ
ﻓﺎﺟﻠﺪﻭﺍﻛﻞﻭﺣﺪ ﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﻥ
ﺃﻟﺮﺍﻧﻴﺔ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﺮﻳﺐ،ﺳﻨﺔﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﺓ
ﺚﻋﺒﺎﺩ
)ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ (٢:ﻭﻟﺤﺪﻳ
، ﻭﺁﻟﻴﺆﻡﺍﻷﺧﺮ ﻩ
ﺗﺆﻣﺘﻮﻥﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ
ﺩﻳﻲﺍﻟﻠﻪﺇﻥﻛﻨﻢ
ﻓﻰ
ﻫﻤﺎﺯﺃﻓﺔ
ﺗﺄﺣﺪﺭ
ﺍﻟﻠ
ﺟﻌ ﻪﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ:ﻓﺘﺘﻜﺔﺧﺬﻭﺍ(،ﻋﻨﻲﺧﺬﻭﺍ،ﻋﻨﻲﻗﺪ ﻞ
ﺗﻴﻪ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻣﺖ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻢ .
)) ﻣﺎﺋﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻴﺐﺟﻠﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻴﺐ
،ﺳﻨﺔ
ﻭﻧﻔﻲ
ﻣﺎﺋﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻜﺮﺟﻠﺪ
ﻟﻬﻦﺳﺒﻴﻼ،ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮ
ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻮﻟﻠﻪﺃﻧﺪﺍﺩﺍ ﻢ
ﻭﺃﺷ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻓﻼ ﺍ
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺏﻗﻮﻟﻪ
) (١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ
ﻙ
ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻛﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ( ٢٢)،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٤٤٧٧)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﺃﻋﻈﻢﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﻋﻈﻤﻬﺎ،ﺑﻌﺪﻩﺭﻗﻤﺎ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺣﺪﺍﻟﺰﻧﻲ ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٦٩٠).
-
.ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔﻣﻦ
ﻗﻔﻂ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
،ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ:ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﺣﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﻓﻲﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﻋﺎﻣﻲﻓ
ﺓ ﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽﻭﻫﻲﻓﻄﺮ
ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮﺓﻋﻠﻰ
ﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔﻫﺬﺍ
١-
.ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﻦﻟﻴﺲ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺻﻠﺐ
ﻓﺎﻟﺰﺍﻧﻲﻳﺪﺧﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻊﻣﻦﺍﺧﺘﻼﻁﺍﻷﻧﺴﺎﺏ،
٢
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﻴﻭﻫﻮﻏﺮﻳﺐ.ﻋﻨﻬﻢ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺮﺍﺙ
ﻓﻲ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﻫﺎ
ﻓﻴﺸﺎﺭﻙ
ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ
، ﺽ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻣﺮﺍ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻨﺘﺞﻋﻦﺷﻴﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦ
٣
ﻛﺎﻟﺰﻫﺮﻱﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﻼﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻹﻳﺪﺯ.،ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ
ﻭﻣﺘﻌﺭﺧﻴﺼﺔ
ﺳﻠﻌﺔ،ﻣﻬﺎﻧﺔ ﺔ
،ﻭﻣﻨﺰﻟﺘﻬﺎﻷﻧﻬﺎﺑﺎﻟﺰﻧﺎﺗﺼﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻛﺮﺍﻣﺔ
ﺣﻔﻆ
- ٤
ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﻭﺃﻋﺰﻫﺎﻭﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺎ
ﻳﺘﺪﺍﻭﻟﻬﺎﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ؛ﺑﻌﺪﺃﻥﺃﻛﺮﻣﻬﺎﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻭﺭﻓﻊ.ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ
- ٢٨
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ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ :
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ.ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ
- ١ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
.ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﻫﻢ
ﺑﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ
٢-
.ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻬﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺣﻜﻤﺔ
٣ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ
ﺗﺮﺿﻮﻥﺩﻳﻨﻪﻭﺧﻠﻘﻪ))ﻓﺰﻭﺟﻮﻩ
،ﻓﺰﻭﺟﻮﻩﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀﺇﺫﺍﺟﺎﺀﻛﻢﻣﻦﺗﺮﺿﻮﻥﺩﻳﻨﻪ
) (٤ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٢/٩٢٩).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٠٨٤)،ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
.٣
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻓﻲﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔﺍﻷﻣﺮ ،ﺇﺫﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻥﺗﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰﺻﻼﺡﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻭﺩﻳﺎﻧﺘﻪﺑﻌﻴﻦﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﻓﻌﻠﻰ
ﻟﻐﻴﺮ
ﻣﺼﻠﺤ ،ﻩ
ﺎ ﻧﻔﺴﻪﻓﻬﻮﺃﻗﺪﺭﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻓﻲ ﺻﺎﻟﺨﺎ
،ﻭﻣﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻗﺎﺋﺪ
ﺃﻋﺠﺒﻜ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻟﺰ ﺔ
ﻣﻦ ﻙ
ﻣﺆﻣﺣﺘﺮ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﻭﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻦ
ﻏﻴﺮﻩ؟ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻓﻜﻴﻒﻳﺼﻠﺢ
ﻓﺎﺳﺪﺍ
ﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(٢٢١).
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪ ﻩ
ﺍﺅﻟﺘﻴﻜﻴﺪﻋﻮﻥﺇﻟﻰﺁﻟﻨﺎﺭﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﺪﻋﻮﺍﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ
.ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
،ﺒﺔﻗﺎﻝﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺲ
ﺑـ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﻳﺔﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺴ
ﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﻢ
ﻓﻲ
ﻳﺘﻔﺎﻭﺗﻮﻥﺗﻔﺎﻭﺗﺎﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍ
ﻓﺎﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻳﻲ :ﺇﻥ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻗﺴﻢﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢﺃﺧﻼﻗﻜﻢ ،ﻛﻤﺎﻗﺴﻢﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢ")ﺃﺭﺯﺍﻗﻜﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺎ
ﻝ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﺧﻠﻖﺁﺩﻡﻣﻦﻗﺒﻀﺔﻗﺒﻀﻬﺎﻣﻦﺟﻤﻴﻊﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﺀ
ﻓﺠﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻜﺔ :ﺇﻥ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬ
ﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾﻭﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩﻭﺑﻴﻦ ،ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺑﻨﻮﺁﺩﻡﻋﻠﻰﻗﺪﺭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ،ﻓﺠﺎﺀﻣﻨﻬﻢﺍﻷﺣﻤﺮ
:ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻬﻞﺍﻟﺮﻓﻖ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻴﻦﻭﺑﺎﻟﺤﺆﻥ، . ١:
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻲ")ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ.
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺒﻴﺚ
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺰﻥ
""ﻛﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﺍﻟﺬﻱﻫﻮﺿﺮ ، :ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺨﺒﻴﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦﺍﻟﺬﻱﻫﻮﻧﻔﻊ،ﻛﻠﻪ
:ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻄﻴﺐ
ﻦ،
ﻭﻟﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﺑﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻉﻛﺎﻥﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺫﺍﺕﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﺤﺴ
ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺐﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ.ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ
ﻑ
ﺍﻷﺫﻭﺍﻕ،ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﻭﻟﻸﻋﺮﺍ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﺋﻊ ؛ ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺗﺤﺮﻱﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
،ﻞﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻧﺒﻪ
ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋ
ﻟﺸﺨﺺﻣﺎﻳﺮﻭﻕﻟﻶﺧﺮﻣﻦ
ﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎ ﻻﻳﺮﻭﻕ
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺒﺎﻉ،ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ
،ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٦٧٥)،ﻗﺎﻝ:ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ«ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻑ
ﺣﺴﻦ،ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﺏ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ١١٩).(١/
».ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻓﻮﻉﺻﺤﻴﺢﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﻓﻲﺣﻜﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺏﻭﻣﻦﺳﻮﺭﺓ،ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٩٥٥)،
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ(١/٣٦).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓﻓﻲﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺻﺤﺤﻪ
».ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺣﺴﻦ :ﻭﻗﺎﻝﻫﺬﺍ«ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺭﻛﻔﻮﺭﻱ(٨/٢٣٤).
،ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ
ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺫﻱﺷﺮﺡﺟﺎﻣﻊ
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﺤﻔﺔ
. ٣٢
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻢﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺇﺫﺍ(ﺧﻄﺐ ﺇﻟـﻴﻜ
ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰﻋﻠﻰﺟﺎﻧﺐ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻜﻲﺇﻟﻰ
ﺗﺮﺿﻮﻥﺩﻳﻨﻪﻭﺧﻠﻘﻪ")ﻓﺰﻭﺟﻮﻩ
ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺗﻬﺎﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﻭﻣﻦﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻒﻲﻓ
ﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻄ
ﻭﺣﺴ ﻝﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺴ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺡ ﻢﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪﻣﻊ
ﻃﻼﻗﺔ
ﻭﻫﻲ«
:ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺎﺷﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ )٢
)(٣
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺵ .
» ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻭﻧﺔﻋﻠﻰﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ
ﻓﻲﻭﻫﻲ«ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ
:ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻ
ﻞ ﺷﺨﺺﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﺑﻤﺎﻳﺤﺐ،ﻗﻮﻟﻪ:ﻭﻗﻴﻞ
:- ٣ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺩﺩ:ﻭﻫﻮﺗﻘﺮﺏ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬ
ﺎ ﺇﻟ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺒﺒ ﻰ
ﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ:ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻭﺩﻫﻲ
").ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﺩﻱ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻟﺐﻟﻠﻤﺤﺒﺔﻛﺎﻟﺘﺰﺍﻭﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ
ﺀ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﻣﻤﺪﻭﺡ
""،ﻭﺧﺪﻣﺘﻬﺎﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩ
ﺑﻠﻄﻒﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﺎ
،ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺎﻥﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﺔﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻭﺩﺍ،ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺗﻪﻓﻌﻦﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ
،ﺗﺎ:ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﻨﺖ(ﺃﺷﺮﺏﻭﺃﻧﺎ،ﺣﺎﺋﺾ ﺛﻢﺃﻧﺎﻭﻟﻪﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻏﻚﻓﻴﻀﻊ ﻩ
ﻓﺎ
،ﻓﻲ)".ﻓﻴﺸﺮﺏ
ﻋﻠﻰﻣﻮﺿﻊ
)ﻋﺰ٧
ﺍﻟﺸﺮ . ﻋﻠﻰﺟﺎﻧﺖ
ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ
:ﺍﻟﻈﻦ:ﻭﻫﻮﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢﺟﺎﻧﺐ
ﺣﺴﻦ -٤
،ﻓﺰﻭﺟﻮﻩﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀﺇﺫﺍﺟﺎﺀﻛﻢﻣﻦﺗﺮﺿﻮﻥﺩﻳﻨﻪ
) ١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٢/٩٢٩).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٠٨٤)،ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻏﻴﺐ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻫﻴﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺬﺭﻱ (٣/٢٩١). )(٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﻴﻦ(٥/١٥٩٧).
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ،ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢﻟﻌﺪﺩﻣﻦ
ﻣﻜﺎﺭﻡﺃﺧﻼﻕ
ﻓﻲ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻧﻀﺮﺓﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ ٧
٣٣
ﻭﻳﻤﻨﻊﻣﻦﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮﻲﻓﺣﻖﺫﻱ
:ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺀﻭﻫﻮ«ﺧﻠﻖﻳﺒﻌﺚﻋﻠﻰﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﺢ
ﻩ -
ﺍﻟﺤﻖ
ﻲ
،ﺑﺴﻄﻬﺎﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻡﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻀﻴﻖ
ﺇﻟﻰﻏﻴﺮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﻣﻌﺼﻮﺃﻭ
ﻥ ﻣﺎﺑﺸﺮﻳﺘﻬﻢﻓﻼﻳﻄﻠﺒﻮ
ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ
ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺒﻠﻴﻦﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺃﻥﻳﺪﺭﻛﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﻣﺎ .
ﻳﻐﻔﺮ ﺮ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﻣﺎ،ﻳﺤﻤﺪﻭﻣﻦ
ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻮﻥﺑﺸﺮﺍﺳﻮﻳﺎﻓﻴﻪﻣﻦ
،ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﺔﺑﻞ
.ﻟﻺﻧﺠﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ
ﻗﻔﺎ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠ
ﻓﻄ ﻪﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴ ﺮ
ﻓﻄﺮ ﺔﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻋﻨﺪ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔﻓﻴﻪ ﺓ
ﻓﺎﻹﻧﺠﺎﺏﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺕﻣﺮﻱﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﻦ
ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱﺣﺚ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺭﻳﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ؛ﻟﺘﺴﺘﻤﺮ
ﻰ
ﻭﺇﻧﺸﺎﺍﻟﺠﺒﻠﺔ ﻋﻠ
ﻉ ﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔﻟﻼﻧﺘﻔﺎ
ﺑﺎﻹﻳﺠﺎﺩ
ﺇﻧﻤﺎﻫﻮ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﻭﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦﺍﻟﻠﻪ
:ﻋﻤﺮﺍﺕ١٤)،
ﺃﻝ(
ﻦﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻳﻌﺔﻭﺗﺤﺴﻴ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻮﺳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥﺇﻧﻤﺎﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺇﻟﻰﻫﺬﻩ.ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀﻭﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ
ﻏﻴﺮ".ﻭﺟﻮﻫﻬﺎ
ﺗﺰﻭﺟ( ﺩ
ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻭ
ﻮﺍ ﻲ:
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﺜ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲ،ﺃﻳﻀﺎﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﻣﻄﻠﺐ
ﻭﺗﺤﺼﻴﻞﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻮﺩ؛ﻓﺈﻧﻲﻣﻜﺎﺛﺮﺑﻜﻢ)".ﺍﻷﻣﻢ
ﺇﻭ ﺇﻭﻫﺈﻱ
. ٢٤ -
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻭﺃﻫﻢﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﺎ
.ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﺙ :ﺃﻭﻻ ﻋﺮﻳﻒ
:ﻭﺧﻄﺒﺔﺇﺫﺍﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺀﻣﺼﺪﺭﺧﻄﺐﻓﻼﻥﻓﻼﻧﺔﺧﻄﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ:ﻟﻐﺔﺑﻜﺴﺮ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍ
ﺧﺎﻟﻴﻣﻦ ﻧﻊ
ﻣﻌﻴﻨ ﺔ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲ ﺭﻏﺒﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
:ﻭﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ
"".ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺧﻄﺒﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﻋﺮﺿﺌﻢﻳﻪﺀﻣﻦ ﺔ
ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﻻﺟﻨﺎﺡ
:ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻗﺎﻝ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬ
ﺎ ﻭﻓﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻣﻦ ﺓ
ﺑﺨﻄﺒ ﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺾ ﺔ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(٢٣٥)،ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰ
"".
"ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻣﻦﺣﻴﺚ
ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ،ﺑﻤﺎﻳﻔﻴﺪﺟﻮﺍﺯ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻀﺎﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ
ﻗﻴﺲﻳﻔﻴﻂﺃﻧﻬﺎﻟﻤﺎﺍﻧﻘﻀﺖﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎﻣﻦﺃﺑﻲﻋﻤﺮﺑﻦﺣﻔﺺ ﺑﻴﻦ
ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔﺑﻨﺖ
ﻭﻋﻦ
ﺧﻄﺒﺎﻧ ،ﻝ
ﻓﻘﺎ ،ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥﻭﺃﺑﺎﺟﻬﻢ ﻲ
ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔﺑﻦﺃﺑﻲ
ﺃﺗﺖﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﺗﻪﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖﻟﻪ:ﺇﻥ(
ﻓﺼﻌﻠﻮ ﻻ
ﻙ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻳﺔ
ﻋﺼﺎﻩﻋﻦ،ﻋﺎﺗﻘﻪﻭﺃﻣﺎ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ:ﻏﻜﺚﺃﻣﺎﺃﺑﻮ،ﺟﻬﻢﻓﻼﻳﻀﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺑﻌﺪ ﺎﺀ
ﺍﻧﻘﻀ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ ﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﻠﻰﺟﻮﺍﺯ
ﺃﺳﺎﻣﺔﺑﻦ")ﺯﻳﺪﻓﻘﺪﺩﻝ
ﺍﻧﻜﺤﻲ
ﻣﺎﻝﻟﻪ،
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮ،ﻛﺬﻟﻚﺑﻞﻣﻦﺑﺎﺏﺃﻭﻟﻰ ".
،ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻀﺎﻭﺃﻥ
ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻌﺎﺃﻭ
ﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎ
».ﺧﻄﺐ«
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻴﺮ،ﻟﻠﻔﻴﻮﻣﻲﻣﺎﺩﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎﺡ
»،ﺧﻄﺐ«
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻟﺴﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ:ﻣﺎﺩﺓ )١
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻊﻻﺑﻦﻣﻔﻠﺢ
، ﻓﻲﺷﺮﺡ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﻉ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٢٣)،
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ﻻﺑﻦ
:ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻓﻲﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ٢
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٣/٣٦).
ﻓﻲﻓﻘﻪﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ،ﺃﺣﻤﺪﻻﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻲ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٨٤٠).
ﻧﻔﻘﺔ،ﻟﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔﺛﻼﺛﺎﻻ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﺑﺎﺏ
،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲ
ﺳﺴﻠﻢ
ﺭﻭﺍ )(٤
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٣/٣٦).
ﻓﻲﻓﻘﻪﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ،ﺃﺣﻤﺪﻻﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻲ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ) (٥
- ٣٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﻧﻈﺮﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔﺇﻟﻰ ،ﺧﺎﻃﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺱ
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎ
ﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻓﺈﻥ
ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻲ :ﻗﺎﻝﺳﻤﻌﺖﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻏﻴﺜﺎ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺇﺫﺍ(ﺧﻄﺐﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ،
ﺃﻥﻳﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰﻣﺎﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩﺇﻟﻰﻧﻜﺎﺣﻬﺎ)ﻓﻠﻴﻔﻌﻞ .) (١
:ﺕ ﺍﻧﻈﺮ( ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻴﺮﺓﺑﻦﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻱﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺧﻄﺐﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ؛ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪﺭﺳﻮﻝ
ﻭﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤ
ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ؛ﻓﺈﻧﻪﺃﺣﺮﻯﺃﻥﻳﺆﺩﻡ)"،ﺑﻴﻨﻜﻤﺎ :ﺃﻱﺃﺟﺪﺭﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﺳﺒﺒﺎﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ﺤﺒﺔ
ﻭﻓﺫﻟﻚﺩﻟﻴﻞ
،ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﻕ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﻛﺎﻥﺃﻗﺮﺏﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺓ
،ﺑﻴﻨﻜﻤﺎ ﻷﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺮﻳﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﺟﻮﺍﺯﻧﻈﺮﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﺇﻟﻰ
ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺒﻴﻦﺣﻜﻢ،ﺟﻠﻴﻠﺔﻓﺒﻬﺎﻳﻄﻠﻊ ﺐ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺑﻴﻦ
ﻭﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ
ﻭﻫ
ﻤﺎ ﻤﺎ
ﺍﺗﺨﺎﻗﺮﺍﺭﻫ
ﻳﻘﺪﻣﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﺫ
ﺃﻧﺴﻬﺎ،ﺑﻪﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢ ﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔﻣﺪﻯ
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺸﻌﺮﻣﺨﻄﻮﺑﺘﻪ ،
ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻞ
ﻭﻳﻘﻠ ﺃﺳ ،ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻋﻠﻰ ﺲ
ﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺓ
ﻳﻤﻬﺪﺑﺪﻭﺭﻩ
،ﻭﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ،ﻭﺭﺿﺎﻭﻫﺬﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰ،ﻋﻠﻢ
ﻣﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻﺕ.ﺍﻟﻔﺸﻞ
ﻣﺨﻄﻮﺑﺘﻪﺩﻭﻥﺇﻓﺮﺍﻁ ؛ ﻭﺿﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓﻣﻦﻧﻈﺮﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺣﺘﻰﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ
ﻣﺠﻤﻠﻬﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ"".
،ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮ
ﺷﺮﻭﻃﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ
.ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻬﺎ
ﻣﻤﻦﻳﺤﻞﻧﻜﺎﺣﻬﺎﻭﺗﺮﺟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
١ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥ
،ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺠﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﻫﻮﻳﺮﻳﺪ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻳﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ
) ١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢﺳﻨﻦﺃﺑﻲﺩﺍﻭﺩ ٣١٩).(٦/
(٢٠٨٢)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٠٨٧)،
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٢/٩٣٢).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﻟﻠﺸﻮﻛﺎﻧﻲ(٦/١٣٢).
ﺑﻄﺎﻝ ٢٣٧)،(٧/ﻭﻧﻴﻞﺍﻷﻭﻃﺎﺭ،
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﺻﺤﻴﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦ )
،ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻨﻊﻻﺑﻦﻣﻔﻠﺢ (4/1).
ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﻉﺷﺮﺡ
): (٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
_VI
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐ
. ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔﻓﻲﺣﻖ
٢ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﺑﻐﻴﺮﺧﻠﻮﺓ،ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺔ ﻷﻥ
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻼ.ﻋﺒﺚ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﻋﺎﺯﻣﺎﻋﻠﻰ
٣-ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎ
ﺀ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺠﻮﺯﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻴﻪ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻭﻗﺪﻭﺿﻊ
- ٤ﺃﻥﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ
ﺿﺎﺑﻄﺎﻟﺬﻟﻚ:ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ(ﻳﻈﻬﺮﻣﻨﻬﺎ)ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺎﻣﺜﻞ،ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ،ﻭﺍﻟﻴﺪ
ﻳﻈﻬﺮ،ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻻ .ﺯ
ﻳﺠﻮ ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰﻣﺎﻻ
،ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎﺃﻣﺎﺃﻥ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﺩ - ٥ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻼ،ﺷﻬﻮﺓ ﻓﺈﻥﻧﻈﺮﺑﺸﻬﻮﺓﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﺤﺮﻡ؛ ﻷﻥ
".ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﻡ ﻻ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔﺩﻭﻥﺇﺫﻧﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ "،ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ
ﻭﺃﺟﺎ ﺯﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰ
:ﺧﻄﺒﺖ(،ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻓﻜﻨﺖﺃﺗﺨﺒﺄ ،ﻟﻬﺎﺣﺘﻰﺭﺃﻳﺖﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺩﻋﺎﻧﻲﺇﻟﻰ ).ﻧﻜﺎﺣﻬﺎ
ﻟﺠﺎﻧ
ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎ ﺐ
ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺓ
،ﺍﺳﺘﺜﺬﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ
ﻓﻘﺪﺃﺫﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻲﺭﺅﻳﺘﻬﺎﻭﻟﻢ
ﻓﻴﺘﺮﻛ
ﺗﻌﺠﺒ ﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﺭﺑﻤﺎﺭﺁﻫﺎﻓﻠﻢ ﻪ
ﺍﻹﺫﻥ،ﻭﻷﻥ
ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻲﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﻣﻦ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻷﻧﻬﺎ
ﻓﺘﻨﻜﺴﺮ"".ﻭﺗﺘﺄﺫﻯ
،ﻣﺨﻄﻮﺑﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﺯﻟﻪﺃﻥﻳﺮﺳﻞﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺛﻘﺔﺗﺼﻔﻬﺎ ﻟﻪ
ﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢﻳﺘﻴﺴﺮﻟﻠﺨﺎﻃﺐﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺻﻔﺎﻳﻔﻴﺪﻩﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩﺇﻟﻰﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎ ،
:ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ ،ﻻﺑﻦﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ
ﻓﻲﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞﻫﺬﻩ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ (١٢/٣٣)،ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ١
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺑﻴﻨﻲ (٣/١٢٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺝﻟﻠﺨﻄﻴﺐ
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ ٢١٤)،(٤/ﻭﻓﺘﺢﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﺷﺮﺡﺻﺤﻴﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(٩/٢٢٨).
،ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻲﻻﺑﻦ
): ٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﻫﻮﻳﺮﻳﺪ،ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺠﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻳﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻰﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ )../٦ﺏ((٢٠٨٢).
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﺷﺮﺡﺻﺤﻴﺢﻣﺴﻠﻢﺑﻦ،ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(٩/٢١١).
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )(٤
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑ(٦/٢٣٤).
ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺽ ﻊ
ﻗﺎﺳﻢﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺑﻴﻨﻲ(٣/١٢٨)،
،ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎﺝﻟﻠﺨﻄﻴﺐ
ﻣﻐﻨﻲ)ﻩ( :ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻟﻪ
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ.
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ
:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺃﻫﻢ
ﻓﺎﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻫﻲﻣﺠﺮﺩﻃﻠﺐﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻦ
ﻳﻤﻜ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺒﻴﻦﻋﻼﻗﺔ:ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﻴﻦ
١ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦ
ﺷﻲﻣﻦ ﺯ
ﺟﻮﺍ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻪﺃﻭ،ﺭﺩﻩﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢ ﻻﺗﻌﺪ،ﺯﻭﺍﺟﺎﻭﻻﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔﻛﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻣﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻈﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ
.ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺎﺕ
ﺘﻪﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍﻋﻦﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐ
ﻳﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻰ
:ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺨﻄﻮﺑﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
- ٢
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺰﻫﺎﺕ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻰﻭﻟﻴﻬﺎﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ
ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻮﺇﻟﻰ
ﺑﺬﻟﻚ .
- -٣٨
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘ،
ﺦ ﻤﻊﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﺬﻟﻚﺳﺒﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻭﺭ
ﺇﻳﻐﺎﺭ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﺗﺆﺩﻱ
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐ
.ﻭﺗﺮﺍﺣﻤﻪ
ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻪ
،ﻭﺗﺒﺎﻏﻀﻪ ﺑﺪﻻﻣﻦﻛﻮﻧﻪﺳﺒﺒﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺋﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
.ﻣﺆﺑﺪﺍ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ
:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﻭﺣﻠﺘﻜ
ﻭﻋﻤﻨﺘ ﻢ
ﻭﺃﺧﻮ ﺗﻜﺔ ﻜﺔ
ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺗﻜ
ﺃﻣﻬﻨﺘﻜﺔ ﻢ
ﺣﺰﻣﺖﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻌ ﺖ
ﻭﺃﻣﻬﻨ ﺔ ﺃﺯﺿﻌﻨﻜﺔﻭﺃﺧﻮﺗﻜﻢ ﻳﺮ
ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺕﺍﻻﺥﻭﺑﻨﺎﺕﺍﻷﺧﺖﻭﺃﻣﻬﺘﻜﻢﻟﺘﻰ
ﺩﺧﻠﺜ
ﺗﻜﻮﺛﻮ ﻢ
ﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢ ﺍ
ﺁﻟﻴﺘﻰﺩﺧﻠﺜﻢﺑﻬﻦ
ﻧﺴﺎﺑﻜﻢ
ﻓﻰﺣﺠﻮﺭﻛﻢﻳﻦ
ﺁﻟﻴﺘﻰ
ﻭﺭﺑﻨﺒﺒﻜﻢ
ﻧﺴﺎﺑﻜﻢ
ﺍﻷﺧﺘﻴﻴ
ﺗﺠﻤﻌﻮﺑﻴﺮﺕ ﻦ
ﺍ ﺃﺻﻠﻨﺒﻜﻢﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﻣﻦ
ﻭﺣﻨﺒﻞﺃﻧﻨﺎﺑﻜﻢ
ﺑﻬﺮﻥﻓﻼﺟﻨﺎﺡﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(٣).
ﻏﻔﻮﺭﺍ ﺭﺣﻴﻤﺎ
ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺳﻠﻒﺇﺭﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺇﻻﻣﺎﻗﺪ
ﺇﻟ ﺔ
ﺛﻼﺛ ﻭﻳﻨﻘﺴﻤﻰ
ﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺑﻴﺪ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﻬﻦﺃﺻﻼﻋﻠﻰ
ﻳﺤﻞﺍﻟﻼﺗﻲ ﻻ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺃﻗﺴﺎ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺐﻭﻫﻦ :
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻭﺇﻥﻧﺰﻟﻦ ،ﺃﻱ،:ﺑﻨﺎﺗﻪﻭﺑﻨﺎﺕ،ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪﻭﺑﻨﺎﺕﺑﻨﺎﺗﻪ
ﻓﺮﻭﻉﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻣﻦ
- ١
...ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ
..ﺃﻣﻪ
،ﻋﻠﻮﻥ:ﺃﻱ،ﺍﻣﻪﻭﺃﻡ،ﺃﺑﻴﻪﻭﺃﻡ .
،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻭﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻣﻦ
ﺃﺻﻮﻝ
٢-
. ٣٩٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻫﺮﺓﻭﻫﻦ:
، ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕﺑﺴﺒﺐ
:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻮﻝ ،ﺑﻬﺎﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻨﺎﺕ ،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺗﻬﻦ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺕ
-ﻓﺮﻭﻉ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
،ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎﺑﺸﺮﻁﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ.ﺑﺎﻷﻡ
٢-ﺃﺻﻮﻝ،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺳﻮﺍﺀﺩﺧﻞﺑﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻭﻟﻢﻳﺪﺧﻞ،ﺑﻬﺎﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻴﻪﺃﻡﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻭﺟﺪﺍﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ .ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
٣-ﺯﻭﺟﺎﺕ،ﺃﺻﻮﻟﻪﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻴﻪﺯﻭﺟﺔﺃﺑﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺔ،ﺟﺪﻩﻭﺇﻥ.ﻋﻠﻮﻥ
- ٤ﺯﻭﺟﺎﺕ،ﻓﺮﻭﻋﻪﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺯﻭﺟﺔﺍﺑﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺔﺍﺑﻦ ،ﺍﺑﻨﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ.ﻧﺰﻟﻦ
:ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ
)٢٣
:ﺀ ،ﻭﺃﺧﻮﺗﻜﻢﻳﺮﻯﻟﺮﺿﻌﺔﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ(
ﺃﺯﺿﻌﻨﻜﺔ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﺃﻣﻬﺘﻜﻢﺍﻟﺘﻰ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐﻣﺜﻠﻬﻦﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺹﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ
ﺳﻮﺍﻫﻤﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﻘﺪﻧﺺﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻡﻭﺍﻷﺧﺖ ،ﻭﻣﺎ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟ :ﻏﺘﻲ
،ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢﻓﻜﻞﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺣﺮﻣﺖﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐﺣﺮﻡﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔﻣﺎﻳﺤﺮﻡﻣﻦ")ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﺃﻱ .:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ
ﻳﺤﺮﻡ(ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(٢٣)،
: ﺃﺯﺿﻌﺘﻜﻢ
» ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ:ﺑﺎﺏﻭﻭﺍﻣﻬﺘﻜﻢﺃﻟﺘﻰ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
)(١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔﻣﺎﻳﺤﺮﻡﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓ،
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﺏﻳﺤﺮﻡﻣﻦ
ﺯﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٠٩٩)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٤٤٤).
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ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
.ﻣﺆﻗﺘﺎ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﻳﻤﻜﺃﻥ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻬﻦ،ﻟﺬﺍﺗﻬﻦﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻟﺴﺒﺐﻋﺎﺭﺽ ﻦ
ﻭﻫﻦﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺗﻲ ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥ
،ﻳﺮﺗﻔﻊﻭﻫﻦ :
ﺍ-ﺯﻭﺟﺔ،ﻏﻴﺮﻩ.ﻭﻣﻌﺘﺪﺗﻪ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬ
ﺗﺤﻞﻟﻪﺣﺘﻰﺗﺘﺰﻭﺝﺑﺄﺧﺮﺛﻢ .ﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻨﺔﻣﻨﻪﺑﻴﻨﻮﻧﺔ""،ﻛﺒﺮﻯﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ
٢-
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﻦ ﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ،ﻭﻋﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺑـﻴ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻡﻛﺎﻟﺠﻤﻊﺑﻴﻦﺍﻷﺧﺘﻴﻦ ،ﻭﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊﺑﻴﻦ
٣
.ﻭﺧﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ
.ﻧﺴﻮﺓ
ﻋﺼﻤﺘﻪﺃﺭﺑﻊ
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔﻟﻤﻦ
ﺯﻭﺍﺝ ٤
.ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ
ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺑﻴﺪﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﺣﻜﻤﺔﻗﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔﻣﻦ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻣﻦ
١ﺃﻥ ﺗﺰﻭﺝ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎﺕﻛﺎﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﻻﺕ،ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻓﻰ ﻣﻊﺃﺻﻞ
.ﻣﻌﻬﻦ
ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﻢﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤ
ﺑﻴ ﺮﺃﺓ
ﻊﻦ ﻲﺍﻟﺠﻤ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓ
ﻗﻄﻴﻌ
ﻓﻲ ﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥﺳﺒﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎﺕﻗﺪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﻦ
٢-
،ﻭﻋﻤﺘﻬﺎﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ.ﻭﺧﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎ
٣ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔﻣﻦﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ.ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﺛﻴﺔ
ﻭﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ.ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ
،ﻳﺮﺍﺟﻌﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻠﻔﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﻟﻴﺲﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥ
) (١ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/١٠٧).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕﻣﻦ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ
ﻓﻲ ) (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
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٤
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺃﺧﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ:
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﺒﺬﻩﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ،ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ.ﺣﻜﻤﻪ
ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁﻋﻘﺪ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
٢-ﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ
ﻓﻲ.ﺻﺤﺘﻪ
ﻓﻲﻋﻘﺪ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ
٣-ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
.ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻘﻊ
ﻏﻤﺎﺫﺝﻣﻦ
٤-ﻋﺮﺽ
ﺣﻜﻤﻪ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻑ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﻰ:
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻓﻲ :ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻥ ،ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ :ﻣﻨﻬﺎ :ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﻳﻘﺎﻝﺗﺰﻭﺝ
ﻗﺮﻧﺎﻫﻢ،ﺑﻬﻦ:ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ: ،
:ﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ(:٥٤)،ﺃﻱ
ﻋﻴﻦ ﻭﺯﻭﺟﺘﻨﻬﻢﺣﻮﺭ
ﻓﻲﺑﻨﻲ:ﻓﻼﻥﺇﺫﺍﻧﻜﺢ)"ﻓﻴﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﻓﻲﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ.ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ
ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ»ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ« ﻫﻮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻛﻞ ﻦﻣ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲﺣﻞ ﻉ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲ
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ:ﺑﺄﻧﻪﻋﻘﺪ«
ﻭﻳﻌﺮﻑﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
٢
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ»ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ .
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻗﻪ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺣﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﻟﻤﺎﻓﻴﻪﻣﻦ ﻟﺦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏﺇﻟﻴﻪﻣﻦﺣﻴﺚﺍﻷﺻﻞ؛ﻟﺤﺚ
ﺭﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(٣:ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﻝ
)، :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﺂﺗﻜﺤﻮﺍﻣﺎﻃﺎﺑﺖﻟﻜﻢﻣﻦﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎ ﻩ
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ،ﻗﺎﻝ
،
ﻟﻠﺒﺼﺮﺾ
،ﻓﻠﻴﺘﺰﻭﺝﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺃﻏ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀﺓ
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻉﻣﻨﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏﻣﻦ
ﻣﻌﺸﺮ
:ﻳﺎ(
،ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﻡﻓﺈﻧﻪﻟﻪ)ﻭﺟﺎﺀ
ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ
ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ
ﻭﺃﺣﺼﻦ،ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺝﻭﻣﻦﻟﻢ
».ﺯﻭﺝ«
،ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻣﺎﺩﺓ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻟﺴﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏﻻﺑﻦﻣﻦ )١
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﻮﺑﺄﺻﻞ
ﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺩ
ﺍﺗﻔﻘﻮﺍ«ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦ
ﻫﺒﻴﺮﺓﻟﻠﻔﻜﻪ :
ﻗﺎﻝﺍﺑﻦ
"ﺍﻟﺸﻲ
ﺑﺬﻟ
ﻓﺘﻌﺘﺮ ﻚ
،ﺺ ﻳﻪ
ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺨ
ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ
ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻼﻓﺈﻧﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺃﻣﺎﺣﻜﻢ
ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻔﻴﺔ،ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ:ﻭﻫﻲ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﺏﻭﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ،،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢﺫﻟﻚ:
ﻧﻔﺴﺇﻥ ﻛﺎ
ﻥ ﻰﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﻋﻠﻰ ،ﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺍﺟﻴﺎﻋﻠﻰﻣﻦﻳﺨﺸ
:ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏﻳﻜﻮﻥ
-١
ﻟﻺﻋﻔﺎﻑ،ﻭﻣﺎﻻﻳﺘﻢ
ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﻲﺣﻘﻪ
،ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻔﻪﻷﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﺇﻻﺑﻪﻳﻜﻮﻥ.ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺏ ﻭﺫﻟﻚﻓﻲﺣﻖﻣﻦ ﻻﻳﺨﺸﻰ ﻋﻠﻰﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ؛ ﻓﻴﻨﺪﺏ ﻟﻪ
ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻩ
. ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻊﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯﻟﻠﺰﻭﺍﺝﻛﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤ ،ﻨﺔ
ﻛﺎﻟﺮﺟﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺮﺃﺓ
ﺷﻬﻮﺓﻟﻪ؛ ﻞ
ﻟﻤﻦﻻ
ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
:ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻦﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪﻭﻛﺜﺮﺓ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ
ﻷﻥ
ﺣﻘﻬﻤ ﻛﺴﺎﺋﺮ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏﺑﻪ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺇﻻﺃﻧﻪﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﺒﺎﺣﺎﻲﻓ
ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻑ
ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎﻓﻼ
ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺣﺎﺕﻟﻌﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﻊﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ.ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺇﻥﺗﺰﻭﺝﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﺸﺨ ﻉ
ﻣﻜﺮﻭﻫﺎﺇﺫﺍﺧﺎﻑ ﺺ
:ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔﻳﻜﻮﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
-٤
ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎ،
ﻟﻌﺠﺰﻋﻦ ﻕ
ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻩ
، ﺍﻟﻐﻠﺒﺔ
ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭﺧﻮﻓﺎﻳﺼﻞﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺭ
،ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ ﺃﻭﻓﺘﻮﺭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺿﻴﺖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺇﺳﺎﺀﺓ
ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺃﺳﻘﻄﺖ .ﺣﻘﻬﺎ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻗﻪﺃﻭﻻ:ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ
ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪﺩﻭﻧﻬﺎﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔﻫﻲ :
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻭﻫﻮﺫﻛﺮﻣﻤﻴﺰﺑﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ،ﻭﻻﻳﺪﺧﻞﻲﻓ
)٢
ﺝ
ﻳﺤﻞﻟﻪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍ
ﺃﻧﺜﻰ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﻳﻌﺮﻑﻛﻮﻧﻪﺭﺟﻼﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞﺍﻟﺬﻱﻻ
ﺍﻟﺨﻨﺜﻰ
ﺣﺪﻩ
ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ
.ﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺓﺑﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻭﻫﻲﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ
ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ ﻴﺔ
ﺑﻌ ﻌﺎﺕ
ﺃﻗﺮﺗﻪ ﺾ
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﻴﻴﻦ
ﺃﻃﻠﻖﻋﻠﻴﻪﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎﺑﻬﺰﻭﺍﺝ » ﺃﻣﺎﻣﺎ
ﻭﻫ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤ ﻮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻄ ،ﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺮ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ
ﻣﺴﻤﻰ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻷﻧﻪ
ﻓﻼﻳﺪﺧﻞﺗﺤﺖ
ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ(٢/٣٢٣). ،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ،ﻟﻠﺒﻬﻮﺗﻲ(٢/٦٢٣)،
ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ
ﻓﻲﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎ:ﺡﻣﻦﻟﻪﺁﻟﺔﺫﻛﺮﻭﺁﻟﺔﺃﻧﺜﻰ ،ﺃﻱﻟﻪﻋﻀﻮﺫﻛﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﺨﻨﺜﻰ«
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﻠﻜﻪ:) (٢ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
ﻫﺃﻭ
ﻳﻤﻴﺰ ﺃﺫﻛﺮ ﻮ
ﺷﻲ ،ﻩﻞﻟﻪ ﺀ ،ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎﻭﻟﻢﻳﺤﺼ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ
،ﺃﻧﺜﻰﺑﺄﻥﻛﺎﻥﻳﺒﻮﻝ
ﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦﺃﻫﻮﺫﻛﺮﺃﻡ
،ﺃﻧﺜﻰﻭﻟﻢﻭﻓﺮﺝ
ﺳﻰ ﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻧﺜﻰ ،
ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝ،ﺫﻛﺮﺍ ﻻﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝ "ﺃ
ﺃﻧﺜﻰ؟ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻻﻳﺼﺢﺃﻥ،ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝﻓﻼﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝﺃﻧﺜﻰﻭﻻ
ﻫﻜ ﻻ
ﻰ ﺬﺍ ،ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻴﺒﻘ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ،ﺫﻛﺮﺍﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﻻﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝ
ﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝﺃﻥ
ﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ،ﻭﻻﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝﺫﻛﺮﺍﻻ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰ ﻻﺗﺘﺰﻭﺝ
ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝﺇﻟﻰﺃﻥﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ،ﺃﻣﺮﻩﻓﺈﺫﺍﺗﺒﻴﻦ،ﺃﻣﺮﻩﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭﺗﺰﻭﺝﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ،ﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙﺗﺰﻭﺟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ(١٢/١٦٠).
».ﺃﻣﺮﻩﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻮﺭﻓﻬﺬﺍﺣﺮﺍﻡﺇﻟﻰ،ﺃﻣﺪﺣﺘﻰ
- ٤٧٠
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﻟﻮﺇﺫ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ ﻭ ﻃﺎ
""ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏ،ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻰ
ﻓﻲﻛﺒﺎﺋﺮ
ﻭﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ
ﺇﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡ
ﻗﻮﻡﻟﻮﻁ
ﻣﻦﻋﻤﻞ
ﻟﺘﺄﺗﻮ ﻝ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻱ ﺇﻧﻚ ﻥ
ﺳﺒﻘﻜﻢﻣﺎﻣﻦﺃﺣﺪﻳﺮﻱ
ﺁﻟﻔﺠﺸﺔﻣﺎ
ﺃﺗﺄﺗﻮﻥ
ﻗﺎﻝ،ﻟﻘﺆﻳﻮ
ﺭﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻭﻗﺎ ﻝ
ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ( ١٨٠)،ﻝ
: ﻣﺘﺸﺮﻓﻮﺕﻩ
ﻗﺆﻡ
ﺷﺒﻮﺓﻳﻦﺩﻭﺱﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺑﻦﺃﻧﺘﺰ
:ﻏﻴﺘﻲﻟﻌﻦ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﻦﻋﻤﻞﻋﻤﻞﻗﻮﻡ )ﻟﻮﻁ .
ﻣﻘﺎﻣ،
ﻳﻘﻮ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺃﻭﻣﻦ ﻡ
:ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺏﻭﻫﻮﻣﺎﻳﺼﺪﺭﺃﻭﻻﻣﻦﻭﻟﻲ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ
ﻗﺪﺭﻩ.ﻛﺬﺍ
ﻛﺄﻥﻳﻘﻮﻝ:ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲﺯﻭﺟﺘﻚﺍﺑﻨﺘﻲﻋﻠﻰﻣﻬﺮ
ﻓﻴـﺄﺗﺗﺎﻟﻴﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻲ
، ﺍﻟـﺪﺍﻝﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ
:ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝﻭﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ:
ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻦ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ .
:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﻗﺒﻠﺖﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﺃﻭ،ﻭﻛﻴﻠﻪﻛﺄﻥ
ﻟﻺﻳﺠﺎﺏ،ﻭﻳﺼﺪﺭﻣﻦ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁ
ﻓﻒ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﻮﻟ
،ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎﻓﻼﻳﻜﻔﻲﺃﻥﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻲ
ﻭﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻫﻤﺎﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ،
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ
ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﻣﺎﺑﺎﻻﺳﻢ ﺃﻭ
:ﻟﻠﺨﺎﻃﺐﺯﻭﺟﺘﻚﺍﺑﻨﺘﻲ ،ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪﺑﻨﺎﺕ،ﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﻞ ﻻ ﺑﺪﻣﻦ
ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓﻭﻧﺤﻮ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻫﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ،
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ :ﺭﺿﺎﻛﻞﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻓﻼﻳﺼﺢ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﻏﻴﻲ ﻻ( ﺗﻨﻜﺢﺍﻻﻳﻢﺣﺘﻰ،ﺗﺴﺘﺄﻣﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺌﻜﺢﺍﻟﺒﻜﺮﺣﺘﻰ
ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٩/٦٠). ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ،ﻻﺑﻦ
): ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎ ».ﺻﺤﻴﺢ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺣﺴﻦ«
:ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻨﺪ (٥/٢٦)،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢٨١٦).ﻭﻗﺎﻝ
ﻓﻲ) ٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ
٤٢٠). ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﻥ (٦
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ،ﻻﺑﻦﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ (٩/٤٨١).
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )(٣
٤٨.
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺯﺍ
،ﻓﺘﻮﺍﻓﻖﻭﺫﻟﻚﻷﻧﻬﺎﻋﺮﻓﺖ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻝ
:ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩﺃﻥﺗﺸﺎﻭﺭ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎﺭﻟﻠﺜﻴﺐ
:ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺌﺬﺍﻥﺃﻥﻳﻘﺎﻝﻟﻬﺎﻣﺜﻼ:ﺧﻄﺒﻚﻓﻼﻥﺑﻦﻓﻼﻥ،ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺘﻪ
،ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺀ
ﻋﻨﻬﺎ
)"ﺗﺮﻓﺾ
ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻪﻭﻣﺎﻟﻪ ،ﺛﻢﺗﺴﻜﺖ ﺃﻭ
ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺠﻬﺎﻛﺄﺑﻴﻬﺎ،ﻭﺃﺧﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺘﻮﻟﻰﺃﻣﺮ
ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔﻭﻟﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ،ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺯﻭﺟﺖ،ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻛﺎﺑﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎﻟﻢﻳﺼﺢ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﺯﻭﺟﺖ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻏﻴﺖ :ﺃﻳﻤﺎ(ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻧﻜﺤﺖﺑﻐﻴﺮﺇﺫﻥ،ﻭﻟﻴﻬﺎﻓﻨﻜﺎﺣﻬﺎ)ﺑﺎﻃﻞ .
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ٥).(١٢/١،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٠٨٣)،
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲ،ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺑﺎﺏ
) (٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
»،ﺣﺴﻦﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻲﻓ
ﺑﺎﺏﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﺇﻻ،ﺑﻮﻟﻲﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ :(١١٠٢)،ﻭﻗﺎﻝﺣﺪﻳﺚ«
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٢/٩٣٨).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
) (٤ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﺑﻦﺣﺒﺎﻥﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﺑﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﻔﻲﺇﺟﺎﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﻐﻴﺮﻭﻟﻲﻭﺷﺎﻫﺪﻱ ،ﻋﺪﻝ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ(٢/١٢٥٤).
ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﻓﻲﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ.ﺑﻬﺎ
:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﺃﻭﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎﻲﻓﺻﻠﺐ
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻃﻪﺃﺣﺪ
ﻓﻲﻋﻘﺪ:ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻣﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ
""".ﺑﻪ
ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎﻉ
ﻣﻤﺎﻳﺼﺢﺑﺬﻟﻪ
ﻳﺘﻔﻘﺎﻥﻋﻠﻴﻪﻗﺒﻠﻪ
،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺃﻭ
.ﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ
ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ
ﻓﺒﻪ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ :
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﻓﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔﻭﻫﻲ:ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﻠﺒﻪﻓﻬﻲﻻﺯﻣﺔ
-ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﺷﺮﻭﻁﻳﺘﻀﻤﻨﻬﺎ،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻭﺇﻥﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ
ﻳﺴﻘﻄﻬﻭﺫﻟﻚ
،ﺎ ﺇﻫﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻻ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻻ،ﻳﺆﺛﺮﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﻓﻲ ﻭﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎ ،ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ
ﻉ ﻭﺗﻤﻜﻴﻨﻪﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺇﻟﻰﺑﻴﺖ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ
ﻣﺜﻞ:
"،ﻭﻋﺮﻓﺎ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎ
ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ
ﻣﻘﺘﻀ
ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔﻟﻴﺴﺖﻣﻦ ﻰ
ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻃﻬﺎﺃﺣﺪ
-ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲﺷﺮﻭﻁ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﺗﻜﻮﻥﻣﻠﺰﻣﺔﻟﻠﻄﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻣﺘﻰﺭﺿﻲ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻻﺗﻨﺎﻓﻴﻪ،ﻭﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ ،ﺗﺨﻠﻔﻬﺎ :ﻭﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎ ،ﺑﻬﺎ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ،ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ ﻭﻳﺤﻖ ﻟﻪﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻫﻲﻓ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ""ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ ﺃﻭﺇﻛﻤﺎﻝ،ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁ
.ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ،ﻟﻠﺒﻬﻮﺗﻲ(٢/٦٦٤).
ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٩/٤٨٣).،ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ،ﻟﻠﺒﻬﻮﺗﻲ(٢/٦٦٤).
ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ
- ٥٠ -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎ ﻁ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﻛﺎﻥﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥ ﺃﻭﻭﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﻩ
ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ
ﻓﺈﻥ
ﻖ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ(٩١)،ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪﻋﺎﺗﻴﺎ :ﺇﻥ( ﺃﺣ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﺃﻭﻓﻮﺍﻳﻌﻬﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﺇﺫﺍﻋﻨﻬﺪﺋﺰﻩ
،ﺑﻬﺎﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
)ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﺝ .
)١
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻠﻠﺘﻢﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﺃﻥﺗﻮﻓﻮﺍﺑﻪﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪﺓﻭﻫﻲ:ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ
ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓﻟﻠﻌﻘﺪ؛ﻭﻣﻦ:ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲ،ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﻓﺎﺳﺪﺓ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁ
-ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
، ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻁﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺫﻟﻚﺻﺢ
ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻁﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﺪﻡﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ،ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﻓﺎﺳﺪﺍ ﻻ ﺃﺛﺮﻟﻪﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﻬﺮﻫﺎﻣﻬﺮ"".ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺒﺮ
ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓ،ﻟﻠﻌﻘﺪﻭﻣﻦﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ
ﻓﻲﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ؛
-ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲﺷﺮﻭﻁﻓﺎﺳﺪﺓ
ﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﺯﻭﺟﻨﻲﺍﺑﻨﺘﻚﺃﻭﺃﺧﺘﻚ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻃﺐﻟﻠﻮﻟﻲ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:ﺍﻟﺸﻐﺎﺭ:ﻭﻫﻮﺃﻥ
- ١ﻧﻜﺎﺡ
ﺷﺮ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﺃﺯﻭﺟﻚﺍﺑﻨﺘﻲ ﺃﻭ،ﺃﺧﺘﻲ ﻭﻻﺻﺪﺍﻕ "،ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺎﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻁ
ﻋﻘﺪ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻓﻌﻦﺟﺎﺑﺮﺑﻦﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﺆﺙ:ﻗﺎﻝﻧﻬﻰ(ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻲ
ﻏﻴﺘ
ﻋﻦ))ﺍﻟﺸﻐﺎﺭ
- ٥١ -
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝﻣﺪﺓﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻲ
ﻳﻨﺘﻬـ ﺑﺸﻲﺀﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
:ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﺑﺄﻥﻳﻨﻜﺢﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
٢ﻧﻜﺎﺡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺯﻭﺟﺘﻚ ﻰ
ﺍﺑﻨﺘ : ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎﺋﻬﺎﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮﻃﻼﻕ ،ﻛﺄﻥﻳﻘﻮﻝﻭﻟﻲ
) (١
ﻮﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺳﻢ ﺃﻭﺇﻟﻰﻗﺪﻭﻡﺍﻟﺤﺎﺝﻭﻧﻤﺤ
ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎﺀ
ﺷﻬﺮﺍ ﺃﻭﺳﻨﺔ ﺃﻭﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ،ﺇﻧﻲﻛﻨﺖﻗﺪﺃﺫﻧﺖ
ﻭﻫﻮﻧﻜﺎﺡﺑﺎﻃﻞ ؛ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻛﻪ :ﻳﺎ(ﺃﻳﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ "،
") ،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻭﺇﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﻗﺪﺣﺮﻡﺫﻟﻚﺇﻟﻰﻳﻮﻡ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ
ﻓﻲﻟﻜﻢ
".ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻣﻨﺴﻮﺥﻛﻤﺎﺩﻝ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻪﻭﺃﻧﻪ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﺗﻔﻖ
ﻭﻗﺪ
ﺭﺟﺃﺧﺮ
ﻬﺎ ﻞ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪﺛﻼﺛﺎ،ﻓﻴﺘﺰﻭﺟ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻳﻄﻠﻖ
:ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞﻭﻫﻮﺃﻥ
- ٣ﻧﻜﺎﺡ
ﺑﺸﺮﻁﺃﻥﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎﺑﻌﺪﻭﻃﺌﻬﺎﻟﺘﺤﻞﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ""ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ،ﻭﻫﻮﻣﻦﺍﻷﻧﻜﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺔﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻁ"،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﺑﻦﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩﺑﻴﻴﻲ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻌﻦ(
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴ ؛
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻧﻜﺎﺡ ﻞ
"")ﻟﻪ.ﻓﺪﻝﺫﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰ ﻢ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻞ ﻞﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡ""ﻭﻷﻥﺍﻷﺻﻞﻲﻓ
"؛ ﻷﻥﺍﻟﻠﻌﻦ ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥﺇﻻﻋﻠﻰﻓﻌﻞ
ﺷﻴﺌﺎﻣﻦ.ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻳﻘﺼﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻻ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ،ﻞ
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻭ ﺇﻭﺟﻲ
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(١٠/٤٦).
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ ،ﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )١
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ(١٠/٤٩).
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ) (٥
. ٥٢
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔﻓﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻟﺒﻌﺾ
ﻓﻲﺃﻣﻮﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ
ﻣﻦ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﻗﻪ:ﺃﻭﻻﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭ
ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎﻣﻦ)ﻭﻟﻴﻬﺎ .
:ﺷﻜﻴﺔﺍﻷﻳﻢ(ﺃﺣﻖ
ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻣﺤﺮﻡ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍﺃﻣﺮ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔﻓﻘﺪﺃﻓﺘﺖﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔﻟﻠﻔﺘﻮﻯ؛ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ
ﻓﻲﺑﻠﺪﻧﺎ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﺍﺟﺮﻯﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ،ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﻻﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞﺃﺑﻴﻬﺎﻭﻻﻏﻴﺮﻩﻣﻦﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ؛ ﻥ
ﻓﺈ ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﺟﺒﺮ
ﻫ
ﻣﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻲ
ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ
ﻭﺃﺟﺒﺮﻭﻫﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ
،ﺍﺳﺘﺜﺬﺍﻧﻬﺎ
ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻌﻮﺍﻣﻦ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ .
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻋﻦ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﻋﻀﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞﺑﻜﻔﺌﻬﺎﺇﺫﺍﻃﻠﺒﺖ ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺭﻏﺐ ﻛﻞﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎﻲﻓ
ﻭﻫﻮﻣﻨﻊ
"ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ".
ﺑﻤ
ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭ ﻦ
ﻲ ﺝ ﺣﻘﻬ ﻓ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﻭﻣﻨﻊﻟﺒﺎﻣﻦ ﺎ
ﻭﺇﺿﺮﺍﺭ ،ﺓ
ﻇﻠﻢﺷﺮﻋﺎ؛ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻣﺤﺮﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻀﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ().٢٣٢
:ﺓ ﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﻦ
ﺗﻌﻀﻠﻮﻫﻦﺃﻥﻳﻨﻜﺤﻦ
ﺗﺮﺿﺎﻩ؛ ﻭﻟﺒﺬﺍﻧﻬﻰﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻨﻪ :،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﻼ
ﺓ
ﺑﺤﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪﻣﻦ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍﺗﺤﻘﻖﺍﻟﻌﻀﻞﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﻟﻲﺩﻭﻥ ﺳﺒﺐﻣﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﺐﺭﺩﻩ
ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺃﻭ
ﻥ ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔﻣﻦﺑﻌﺪﻩﻣﻦﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ،ﻓﺈﻥﻓﻘﺪﻭﺍﺁﻝﺍﻷﻣﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﻻﻳﺘﻪ،
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٩/٣٨٣).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )٣
- -٥٣
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﻨﻴﺔ
ﻓﻔﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﻤﺎﻫﺬﺍ:ﻧﺼﻪ
ﻓﻲﺣﻜﻢﻫﺬﺍ
ﻟﻺﻓﺘﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ
ﺃﻓﺘﺖ
،
ﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻗﺖ ﺯﻭﺍﺝﺑﺎﻃﻞ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ«ﺑﻨﻴﺔﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺯﻭﺍﺝ،ﻣﺆﻗﺖﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍ
ﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ
ﺔ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺔﺑﺎﻹﺟﻤﺎﻉ،ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ:ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺃﻥﻳﺘﺰﻭﺝﺑﻨﻴﺔﺑﻘﺎﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ
ﻳﻤﻌﺰﻭﺃﻭ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﻓﺈﻣﺴﺎﻟﻼ ﻱ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎﻓﺈﻥﺻﻠﺤﺖﻟﻪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻭﻧﺎﺳﺒﺖﻟﻪﻭﺇﻻ،ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ( ). ٢٢٩
ﺗﺴﺮﻳﺢﺇﺣﺴﻠﻦﻩ
ﺍﻷﻧﻜﺤﺔﻣﺒﻨﻲﻋﻠﻰﻣﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﻣﻦ ،ﺳﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ :ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻭﻭﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺬﻟﻚﻟﻢ ﻼ
ﻳﻘـﺒ .ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻟﻴﺲﺇﺫ ﻟﻮﻋﻠﻤﺖ
ﺍﻟﻐﺶ
ﺍﺷﺘﻤﺎﻟﻪﻋﻠﻰ
١
.ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺘﻪﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ :ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦ
- ٢
ﺍﻟﺰﻭ
ﻳﻮﻓ ﺝﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺮ
ﺳﻜﻨﺎﻟﻜﻞﻣﻦ ،ﻦ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻻ
ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﺑﻨﻴﺔ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﺡﺇﻻ ،ﺑﻮﻟﻲ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ :(١١٠٢).ﻭﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٢/٩٣٨).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
».ﺣﺴﻦﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲ
ﺣﺪﻳﺚ«
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ (٩/٣٨٤).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ ﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻓﻲﺩﻭﺭﺗﻪﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔﻲﻓ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ
ﻣﺠﻤﻊﺍﻟﻔﻘﻪ) (٣ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ):(١٨/٤٤٩)،(١ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺪﺛﺔ
ﺑﺸﺄﻥﻋﻘﻮﺩﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
١٢/٣/١٤٢٧)،ﻩ(ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺭﻗﻢ )(٥
- ٥٤ -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﻲﻗﻠﺒﻪﻋﻨﺪﺑﺪﺀ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭﻟﻬﺬﻩﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ؛ﻭﻗﺪﺃﺿﻤﺮ
ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻲﻓﻫﺬﺍ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩ
ﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ،ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﻳﻨﻔﺬﻩﺑﻌﺪﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ،ﻏﺮﺿﻪﻓﺄﻳﻦ ﺓ
!ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ؟
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﺗﻌﺎﺭﻓﺖﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﻮﺍﻷﺻﻞ
٣ﺃﻥﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ
ﺑﺈﻣﺴﺎﻙﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕﻭﻋﺪﻡﺗﻄﻠﻴﻘﻬﻦ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﺑﻪﺿﻤﻦﺃﻣﺮﻩ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺍﻟﻠﻪ
.ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ
ﺃﺷﻖ ﻓﻲ
ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻟﺰﻓﺎﻑ
. ﺣﻔﻼﺕ
ﻓﻲﻭﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﻑ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻮﺭ
:Gﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﻏﻼﺀ
ﻋﺼﺮ
ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﻲﻓ ﻧﺎ
ﻣﻌﻮﻗﺎﺕ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﻗﺪ ﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻣﻦﺃﻛﺒﺮ
ﻓﻲﻣﻬﻮﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻻﺓ
ﺗﻌﺪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻫﺎﺓ.
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺧﺮﺓ
،ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ
ﻓﻲ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ:ﻏﻴﺘﻲ ﻥ(
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﺑﺘﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻭﺭﻏﺒﺖ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﻭﻗﺪﺃﻣﺮﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻓﻴﻪﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰﺃﻓﻀﻠﻴﺔﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
.ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ")ﺃﻳﺴﺮﻩﺃﻱ :ﺃﻗﻠﻪﻛﻠﻔﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﻌﺐ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﻗﻠﻴﻼﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﺼ
ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏﺇﻟﻴﻪ؛ﻷﻥ ﺮ
ﻗﻠﻴﻞ
ﺑﻤﻬﺮ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﻭﺃﻥ
ﻣﻊﻗﻠﺔ
ﻓﺈﻧﻻ
ﺑﺨﻼﻣﺎﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻑ
ﻭﻳﻘﺪﺭﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻓﻴﻜﺜﺮ
ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻩ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦ
ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻦﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻻﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ ".ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ
ﺻﺪﺍﻗﺎﺣﺘﻰ،ﻣﺎﺕﺭﻗﻢﺍﻟﺤﺪ
ﻓﻴﻤﻦﺗﺰﻭﺝﻭﻟﻢﻳﺴﻢ
ﻭﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺑﺎﺏ
)(١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
(٢١١٧)،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲﻓﻲﺍﻟﺴﻨﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻯ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﻕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ،ﻣﻬﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ(١/٦٢١).
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ
(١٤٣٣٢)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﻟﻠﺸﻮﻛﺎﻧﻲ(٦/٢٠١).
ﺍﻷﻭﻃﺎﺭ،
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻧﻴﻞ
- ٥٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰ،ﺍﻟﻘﻨﺎﻋﺔﻭﻫﻲﺻﻔﺔ،ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﺘﻰﺗﺤﻠﺖ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺓ
ﻭﻓﻲﻳﺴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ .
)
ﺷﺪﺍﺋﺪ
ﻋﻮﻧﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻮﻭﻧﺒﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻻﻲﻓ ﺭ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎﺏ ﺕﺑﻌﺪﻡ ﺓ
ﺃﻭﺻﻰﻋﻤﺮﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ
ﻭﻟﺒﺬﻩ
ﻓﻲﺻﺪﺍﻕﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻓﻲ ،ﻗﻠﺘﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻲ :ﺃﻻ« ﻻ "ﺗﻐﻠﻮﺍ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﺍﻟﺒﺮﻛﺔ
"»ﻏﺘﻲ .
ﻓﻲﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓﻛﺎﻥﺃﻭﻻﻛﻢﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﻭﺗﻘﻮﻯ
ﻣﻜﺮﻣﺔ
ﻋﻀﺨﺔﻭﺍﻝﻟﻤﻦﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻭﻟﻢﻳﺠﺪﻧﻔﻘﺔ :ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺮ
ﻭﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺃﻥﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺃﻥ:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻛﺬﺍ
؟ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﺎﻣﻦ،ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻓﺎﻋﺘﻞ"ﺃ،ﻟﻪ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﺎﻣﻌﻚﻣﻦ
ﺃﻋﻄﻬﺎ(ﻭﻟﻮ
،ﻭﻛﺬﺍﻗﺎﻝ :ﻓﻘﺪﺯﻭﺟﺘﻜﻬﺎﺑﻤﺎﻣﻌﻚﻣﻦ ).ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﻳﻮﻥﻓﺈﻥ
، ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﺎﺗﺜﻘﻞﻛﺎﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺎﻻﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻓﻲﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﻮﻻﺋﻢﻟﺤﻔﻼﺕ
ﺍﻷﺛﻤﺎﻥ ،ﻟﻠﻬﺪﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺬﻳﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﻗﻤﺸﺔ
ﻓﻲﺷﺮﺍﺀ
ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﻑ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﺩﻟﺔﺑﻴﻦﺃﺳﺮﺗﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺑﻌﺪ،ﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻓﻲﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺍﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ
ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺱ،
ﻣﻌﻮﻗﺎﺕ.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻧﻪﻟـﻴﺲﻓﻴﻪﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓﺗﻌﻮﺩﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺌﺔ ،
ﻳﻌﺪﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺮﺯ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﺎﺓﻟﻠﻬﺮﻭﻱ(٥/٢٠٤٩).
، ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺎﺓﺷﺮﺡ
،ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻭﻱ٥)،(٣/٠٣
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ
): ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﺮﺷﺮﺡ
ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺒﺎ ،
ﺡ :ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﻊﻗﺪ».ﻏﻼ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻟﻠﺸﻲﺀﺇﺫﺍﺯﺍﺩ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﻕﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ
ﻓﻲ) (٢ﻻ:ﺗﻐﻠﻮﺍ :ﺃﻱﻻ«ﺗﺰﻳﺪﻭﺍ
».ﻏﻠﻮ«
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺗﻢﻣﻦ.ﺣﺪﻳﺪ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(٩/٢٠٨).
ﻭﺟﺪﺍﻧﻪ
ﺃﻋﺘﻞ:ﻟﻪ ﺃﻱﺍﻋﺘﺬﺭﺑﻌﺪﻡ )(٤
- ٥٦
. ٥٧
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﺒﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ .ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ١
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ.ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ
ﻣﺠﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﻓﻲ
٢-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻓﻀﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻓﻲﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ.ﻭﻧﺠﺎﺣﻬﺎ
٣ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭﺩﻭﺭﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ
:ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ
ﺗﻬﻴﺪﻓﻲﺑﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
.ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻔﺎﻑ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ
:gﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍ
ﻟﻌﻔﺘﻬﻤﻋﻦ ،ﻡ
ﺎ ﻭﻃﺮﻳﻖ
ﻓﻄﺮﻱ،ﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺐ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ
ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺇﻥﻟﻢﻳﻨﺺﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻓﻴﻪ،
ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ،ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻟﺬﺍﻋﺪﺕﻣﻦ
ﻭﺳﺒﺐ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻠﻠﺘ
ﻢ ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻤﻮﻫﺑﺄﻣﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻦ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻓﺈﻧﻜﻢ
ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ:ﻏﻴﺜﻲ
ﻓﺎﻝ
ﺑﺈﺑﺎﺣﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪﻟﻜﻢﺫﻟﻚ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉﺑﻬﻦ
ﻭﻃﺆﻫﻦ
ﻓﺮﻭﺟﻬﻦﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ )،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﺃﻱﺃﺑﻴﺢﻟﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ
ﻣﺘﻰﺗﻢﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ ﻛﻤﺎ
، ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥﻣﻦﺻﻨﻮﻑ
ﻭﻗﺪﻭﺭﺩﺕﺍﻷﺩﻟﺔﺑﺈﺑﺎﺣﺔﻛﻞﻣﺎﻳﺮﻏﺐﻓﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻩ :ﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘ( ﻷﻧﻔﺴﻜﻭﺍﻗﻮﺍ ﻪ
ﺮ ﺷﻨﻢ ﺍ
ﻭﻗﺪﻣﻮ ﺣﺰﻧﻜﺔﺃﻥ
ﻓﺄﺗﻮﺍ
ﻟﻜﻢﺣﺰﺕ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻧﺴﺄﺅﻛﺔ
ﻗﺎﻝ
.ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺴﺪﺓ
٢٢٣).ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺻﻮﺭﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﺟﺎﺀﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻬﺎﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺣﺬﺭﻫﻤ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﺔﻟﻜﻼﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻖﻓﻲ
ﻭﻗﺪﺃﺛﺒﺖﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺳﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮ
ﻥﻣﻦ ،ﺪ ﻓﻲ،ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎﻣﻨﻌﺎﻟﻤﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺨﺮﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻭﻥ ﺃﻭ
ﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺤﺞﺑﺎﺏﺣﺠﺔﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ،ﻓﺎﺵﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٢١٨).
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(٨/١٨٣).
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
-ﺍﺏ -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻓﺮﺍﺵ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏﺇﺫﺍﺑﺎﺗﺖ
) (١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻋﻬﺎﻣﻦﻓﺮﺍﺵ ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺭﻗﻢ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥١٩٣)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
(١٤٣٦). :ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(١٠/٨).
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻓﺮﺍﺵ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٤٣٦).
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻋﻬﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ (٢/١٤٢).
ﺷﺮﺡﺭﻳﺎﺽ )(٤
- -٢
،ﺎ
ﻭﻃﺮﻫﻗﻀﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻭﻣﻨﻌﻬﺎﻣﻦ ﺀ
ﻫﺠﺮﺍﻥ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞﺣﺪﺭ
ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺓ
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻬﺎﺭﻏﺒﺔﻭﻛﺎﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥﻣﻨﻌﻬﺎﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻪﻣﻦﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ
ﻟﺤﻘﻬ ﻱ
ﺍﻟﺬ ﻫﻀ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ()١٩ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻧﻪ ﻢ
: ﻭﻋﺎﺷﺮﻭﻫ ﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓ
ﻦ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻗﺎﻝ
ﺩﻟﻴ
ﻫﺬ ﻞﻓﻔ ﺍ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ( ٢٢٨)،ﻲ
: ﺑﺄﻣﻌﺰﻭﻱ
ﻋﻠﺘﻬﻦ
ﻭﺗﻬﻦﻣﺜﻞﺍﻟﺬﻯ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
ﺑﺬﻟﻦﻣﺜﻠﻪ،ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺗﺨﺼﻴ ﺃﺣﺪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻧﻈﻴﺮﻣﺎ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻝﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰ ﺺ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺤ
ﻹﻫﺪﺍﻫﺬﺍ ﻖ
ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻬﻣﻨﻌﺎ ﺭ
ﻳﺆﻟﻮﻥ ﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻬﺮﺣﻜﻢﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ،ﺑﻪﻭﻟﺒﺬﺍﺑﻴﻦ
ﺑﺤﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲﺑﻴﺎﻧﻪ
-ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻭﺑـﻴ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺩﻳﺎﻧﺔﻋﻠﻰ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻱ:ﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻦ
ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺇﻋﻔﺎﻑ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ
ﻭﻗﺪﻋﺪ
ﺍﻧﺸﻐﺎﻟﻪﻋﻨﻬﺎﺳﺎﺋﺮﻭﻗﺘﻪﻭﻟﻮﺑﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﻭﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ
،ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﻳﻠﺰﻡﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚﺣﺮﻣﺔ
ﻳﻌﺮﺿﻬﺎ"".ﻟﻠﻔﺘﻨﻪ
ﻭﻗﺪﺑﻴﻦﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﻴﺔﺃﻥﺇﻋﻔﺎﻑﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻟﺰﻭﺟﻪﻣﻦﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ،ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏﻓﻘﺎﻝ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،ﺃﻳﺄﺗﻲﺃﺣﺪﻧﺎﺷﻬﻮﺗﻪﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ
:ﻉﻓﻲ(ﺑﻀﻊﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ،ﺻﺪﻗﺔ:ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻳﺎ
ﻓﻲﺣﺮﺍﻡﺃﻛﺎﻥﻋﻠﻴﻪﻓﻴﻬﺎﻭﺯﺭ؟ﻓﻜﺬﻟﻚﺇﺫﺍﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎﻲﻓ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎﺃﺟﺮ؟ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺃﺭﺃﻳﺘﻢ ﻟﻮﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﻼﻝﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪ )ﺃﺟﺮ ).(٢
:ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀ
ﻳﺤﺮﻡﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺿﻊﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺾﻦﻓ ﻮﻣ
ﻋ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻴ
ﻭﻣﺘﻠﻮﺗ ﻦ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭ ﻚ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺱﻗﺎﻝ
: ﺾ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀ
-١
ﻓﺄﻧﻮﻣ
ﺗﻄﻬﺰ ﻦﻳﻄﻬﺰﺇﺫﺍ ﻥ
ﺣﻔ ﻥ
ﻦﻰﺗﻔﺮﺑﻮﻫ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻴﺾ ﻭ
ﻓﺂﻏﺘﺮﻟﻮﺍﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﻯ
ﺃﺫﻯ
---
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﻲﻓ
ﻭﻁ ﺟﺔ:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ()٢٢٢ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﺀ
ﺃﻣﺮﻛﻊﺍﻟﻠﻪﻩ
ﻣﻦﺣﻴﺚ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳ
ﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉﺑﻬﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﻋﺪﺍ ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺑﻴﻨﺖﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔﻣﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﻭﺇﺑﺎﺣﺔ
ﺃﻳﺎﻡ
"ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ"،
ﺑﻄﺒﻌﻪﻟﻜﻞﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﻣﺆﺫﻳﺎ
ﻭﻫﻮﻛﻮﻥ
ﻓﺒﻘ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﺾﺩﻭﻥﻏﻴﺮﻩﻣﻦﺳﺎﺋﺮ،ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪ ﻲ
ﻓﻲﻭﻗﺪﺧﺼﺼﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﺍﻻﻋﺘﺰﺍﻝ
ﻣﺎﻟـﻚ ﺑﻲ ﻓﻌﻦﺃﻧﺲﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ،
ﻓﻲﺯﻣﻦ
ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉﻭﻟﻮ
ﻣﺤﻠﻼ
ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪ
ﺳﺎﺋﺮ
ﺓ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺃﻥﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔﺳﺄﻟﻮﺍﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝﻋﺘﺘﻴﺔﻋﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪﺍﻟﻴﻬﻮﺩﻣﻦ ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﺀ ﺇﻻ
ﺣﺎﺿﺖﻭﺗﺮﻙﻣﺆﺍﻛﻠﺘﻬﺎ،ﻭﺟﻤﺎﻋﻬﺎﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﺗﻲﺍﺻﻨﻌﻮﺍ( ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ
)(٢
)ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ .
ﻓﻲﺯﻣﻦﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﺃﻥﻳﺄﻣﺮﻫﺎﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺰﺭ
ﻟﻤﻦﺃﺭﺩﺃﻥﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻏﻴﺮﺃﻧﻪﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ
ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔﺷﺮﺕ:،ﻗﺎﻟﺖﻛﺎﻧﺖ(ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻧﺎﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖ،ﺣﺎﺋﻀﺎ ﺩ
ﻓﺄﺭﺍ "ﺃﻭﻻ ،ﻓﻌﻦ
ﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮﻫ
،ﺎ ﻓﻲﻓﻮﺭ،ﺣﻴﻀﺘﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ
ﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮﻫﺎ؛ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎﺃﻥﺗﺘﺰﺭ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﺘﺘﻴﺔﺃﻥ
)ﺇﺭﺑﻪ؟ .
(٤
:ﻗﺎﻟﺖﻭﺃﻳﻜﻢﻳﻤﻠﻚ،ﺇﺭﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﻏﻜﻲﻳﻤﻠﻚ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀ ".
ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺔ
ﺑﻤﺴﺄﻟ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﻭﻟﻠﻨﻔﺎﺱﺣﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺋﺾﺭﺃﺱﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ،ﻭﺗﺮﺟﻴﻠﻪﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
،ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾ ﺑﺎﺏﺟﻮﺍﺯﻏﺴﻞ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ )(٢
-
ﻓﻲ،ﺩﺑﺮﻫﺎﻭﺍﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰ
٢ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺮﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﺃﻥﻳﻄﺄﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﺩﺑﺮﻫ ﺃﻭ
ﺓﻲﻓ ،ﺎ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻜﻴﺔ :ﻣﻦ(ﺃﺗﻰ،ﺣﺎﺋﻀﺎ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮﺃ
،ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢﻗﻮﻝ
)(١
ﻣﺤﻤﺪ)ﺳﺒﻲ
ﻟﻨﻮ
ﻓﺼﺪﻗﻪﺑﻤﺎﻳﻘﻮﻝ ،ﻓﻘﺪﻛﻔﺮﺑﻤﺎﺃﻧﺰﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻠﻰ
ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺎ
ﺩﺑﺮﻫﺎﺣﺮﺍﻡﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ،ﻭﻫﻮ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻭﻁﺀ«ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻛﻔﻘﻪ :
ﻭﺍﻝﺷﻴﺦ
»".ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻃﻴﺔ
ﻗﻮﻝﺟﻤﺎﻫﻴﺮﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻒ؛ﺑﻞﻫﻮ
ﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥ
، ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀﻲﻓﻧﻬﺎﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ
ﻓﻲﻓﺘﺮﺓ،ﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡﻓﻴﺤﺮﻡﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀ
٣
ﺍﻟﻮﻁ
ﻣﻤﻦﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺍﻟﺼﻮﻡﻭﻫﻮﻋﺎﻟﻢ،ﺑﺼﻮﻣﻪﻭﺃﻥ ﺀ
ﻓﻲﻧﻬﺎﺭﻩ
ﻭﻣﻦﺟﺎﻣﻊ
ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﻮﻟﻢ "،ﻳﻨﺰﻝﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭﺓﻣﻊ
ﺍﻟﺨﺘﺎﻧﺎﻥﻭﺟﺒﺖﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻰﻓﻴﻪﺣﺮﺍﻡ
،ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩﻓﺈﻧﻪﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐﺇﺛﻤﺎﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍﻭﺫﻧﺒﺎ
ﻭﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺃﻥﻳﺘﻮﺏﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
:ﺍﻹﻳﻼﺀ
ﺣﻜﻢ
ﺍﻹﻳﻼﺀﻫﻮ :ﺃﻥﻳﺤﻠﻒﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻋﻠﻰﺗﺮﻙﻭﻁﺀ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ،ﺃﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺄﻥ
""ﻳﻄﻠﻖ.
ﻟﻤﺪﺓ،ﺳﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ
:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ،ﺃﺟﺎﻣﻌﻚﺇﻣﺎ
ﻓﻲﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(٧/٦٨).
ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٠١٦٧)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ
ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ (١٤٢١٦)،ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ
ﻟﻤﻦﺣﺼﻞﻣﻨﻪ ﺫﻟﻚﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ،ﻳﻌﻠﻢ
:ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯﻻﺑﻦﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ(٣٢/٢٦٦).
٢ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ
ﺀ
،ﻋﺎﺩﺓﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎﻗﻀﺎ
ﻳﻄﻌﻢ
ﻣﻤﺎ
ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎ
ﻧﺼﻒﺻﺎﻉﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﺃﻭﺃﺭﺯﺃﻭ
ﻣﺴﻜﻴﻦ
،ﻣﺴﻜﻴﻨﺎﻟﻜﻞ
ﻓﺈﻃﻌﺎﻡﺳﺘﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ(١٠/٣١٣)(١).
ﺫﻟﻚ.ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ )(١٠/٣٠٦). (١ )(٤
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٣/١٢).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
: ) (٥ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
. -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﻓﺠﻴﺘﻚ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﻠﻰ
ﺙ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﻣﻦﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﺃﻥﻳﻌﻴﻦ ﻛﻞﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﻰ
ﻭﺍﺟﺒ ﻋﻠ
،ﻧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻪﻷﻥﺫﻟﻚﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥ ﺎ
ﻭﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ
ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮﻩ
ﺍﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝ
ﻳﺮﺷﺪﻩﺇﻟﻰ
،ﺗﺠﻴﺢﻭﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻪ
ﻗﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻴﻨﺔ ﻝ
، ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦﻓﺈﻧﻪﻓﻲﺣﻘﻬﻤﺎﺃﻭﺟﺐﻟﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﻣﻦﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ
ﻋﻤﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋ( ).٢
ﻭﺍﺛﻔﻮﺍﺍﻟﻠﻪﻩ :ﺪﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻻﺋﻢ ﻥ
ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ
ﺁﻟﺒﺮﻭﺍﻟﺌﻘﻮﻯﻭﻻ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻭﺗﻮﺍ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:
ﻓﻲ،ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻜﻦﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺷﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﺘﻲ
ﻭﻟﻘﺪﺿﺮﺑﺖﺃﻣﻬﺎﺕ
ﺛﺪﺩﻭ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٣/١٢).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(١٠١)،ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
- -٦
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲﺇﻟﻰﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻜﻲ؟،ﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻛﻴﻒﻛﺎﻥﺑﺪﺀ
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻛﺘﺎﺏﺑﺪﺀ
) (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺨﺒﺮ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٣).
.ﻻ -
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳ
ﺚ ﻒ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺎﻛﻤﺎﺩﻝﻋﻠﻴﻪﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
،
ﻭﺟﻮﺑﺎﻭﺃﻋﻈﻢﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ،ﻭﺃﺷﺪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ،ﺃﻛﺪ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﻠﻰ
ﺞ ﻭﺑﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡﺑـﺎﻟﺤ
ﻓﻲﻭﻗﺘﻬﺎ
ﻛﺎﻹﻳﻘﺎﻅﻟﺼﻼﺓﺍﻟﻔﺠﺮﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ
..،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺧﻴﺮﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺲﻋﻠﻰ.ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺕﻭﻟﺘﻜﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻧﻌﻢ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮﺇﺫﺍﻭﻗﻊﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺪﻭﺭﺩﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻫﻲﻋﻦ
٢
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﺘﺘﻲﺯﺟﺮﺇﺣﺪﻯﺯﻭﺟﺎﺗﻪﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻻﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ .ﻟﻦ«ﺑﺐ
ﻣﺴﺪﺩﺍﻟﺬﻱﻫﻮﺭﺍﻭﻱ،ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺭﻗﻢ
،ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓﻭﻫﻮﻣﻦﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖﺃﺑﻲﺩﺍﻭﺩﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻣﻦﻗﻮﻝﻏﻴﺮ
): (١ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ
(٤٨٧٥). :ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ـh -
.ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ
:gﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﻛﺘﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ،ﺑﻬﻤﺎﻓﻼﻳﺒﺪﻳﺎﻥﺷﻴﺌﺎ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻛﺘﻤﺎﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ
ﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰ
ﻱ :ﺃﻧﻬﺎ( ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻏﻴﺘﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ ،ﻓﻌﻦﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ
ﺗﺨﺒ
ﺓ ﺮ ،ﺑﺄﻫﻠﻪﻭﻟﻌﻞ ﺍﻣﺮﺃ
ﻳﻔﻌﻞ
:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻟﻌﻞﺭﺟﻼ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﻣﺎ
ﻗﻌﻮﺩﻋﻨﺪﻩ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﻭﺇﻧﻬ
ﻦ ﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺇﻧﻬﻦ ﻟـﻴﻘﻠ
،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ:ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﻱﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﺎ
ﺑﻤﺎﻓﻌﻠﺖﻣﻊﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ"""ﻓﺄﺭ
ﻟﻴﻔﻌﻠﻮﻥ:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻼﺗﻔﻌﻠﻮﺍﻓﺈﻏﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺜﻞﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥﻟﻘﻲﺷﻴﻄﺎﻧﺔﻓﻲﻃﺮﻳﻖﻓﻐﺸﻴﻬﺎ
ﺕﺍﻟﻘﻮﻟﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ")ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻭﻥﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﻧﻪﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﺎﺀﺓﻭﺳﻮﺀ"".ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﺎﻱﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦﺃﻋﻈﻢ،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﺭ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺇﻥ(ﻣﻦ
ﻭﻓﻲﺣﺪﻳﺚﺁﺧﺮ؛ ﻋﺪ
ﻭﺗﻔﻀﻲﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺛﻢ ﻳﻨﺸﺮ
ﻳﻔﻀﻲﺇﻟﻰﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ،
،ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔﻳﻮﻡ
ﺃﺷﺮ
ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻣﺎﻳﺠﺮﻱﺑﻴﻨﻪﻭﺑﻴﻦﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪﻣﻦﺃﻣﻮﺭ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻭﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍ
)ﺳﺮﻫﺎ ،
)ﺩ(
ﻭﻧﺤﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻓﻴﻪﻣﻦﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻭﻓﻌﻞ ﻩ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉﻭﻭﺻﻒﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞﺫﻟﻚﻭﻣﺎﻳﺠﺮﻱﻣﻦ
ﺖ
ﺓﺇﻥ ﻓﻌﻠ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃ
ﺷﻤﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻻﻳﻠﺰﻡﻣﻨﻪﻋﺪﻡ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺺﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎﻛﻤﺜﻞ.ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔﺑﻜﺘﻢ
،ﺫﻟﻚﺑﻞﻫﻲ
».ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻤﻮﺍﻏﺮﻳﺐ،ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻻﺑﻦﻗﺘﻴﺒﺔ (٢/٣٢٢).
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ :ﺃﻱﺳﻜﻨﻮﺍﻓﻠﻢ
): ١ﻗﻮﻟﻪ« ﺃﺭﻡ
ﻩ ﻓﻲ .ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ
ﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ (٤٥/٥٦٥)،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢٧٥٨٣).ﻭﺣﺴﻨﺔﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٤٣٧).
ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀﺳﺮ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ )(٤
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(١٠/٨).
: ) (٥ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻟﻠﺼﻨﻌﺎﻧﻲ(٢/٢٠٦).
ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ، ): (٦ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺳﺒﻞ
- -٩
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎ.ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﺙ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺭﺙ ،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﺮﺙ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﺗﺮ
ﻭﻟﻜﻢﻧﺼﻒﻣﺎ ﻙ ،ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻗﺪﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻠﻪﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ ﻛﻞﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ
ﺑﻌ
ﺃﺯﻭﺟﻜﺞﺇﻥ ﻟﺰﻳﻜﻦﻟﻬﻦﻭﻟﺪ"ﻓﺈﻥ ﻛﺎﻥﻟﻬﺮﻥﻭﺃﺩﻓﻠﻜﻢﺍﻟﺰﺑﻊﻳﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻦ ﻦﻣ ﺪ
ﻓﺈ ﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻊﻣﻤﺎﺗﺮﻛﺜﺰﺇﻥﻟﻢﻳﻜﻦ:ﻟﻚﻭﻟﺪ ﻥ
ﻭﻟﻬﺮﻯ"
ﻳﻮﺻﻴﺮﺕﺑﻬﺎﺃﻭﺩﻧﺲ
ﻭﺻﻴﺔ
ﺍﻻﺀ(١٢:
). ﺫﻳﻦ <
ﻭﺻﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻮﻳﻬﺎﺃﻭ
ﻳﻤﻤﺎ"ﺗﺮﻛﻢﻣﻦﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ
ﻓﻠﻬﻦ
ﻟﻜﻢﻭﺃﺩ
ﺗﻤﺎﻡ،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻭﻟﻮﻗﺒﻞﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ .
ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ
ﺍﻟﺤﻖﻟﻜﻞﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﻳﺜﺒﺖﻫﺬﺍ
ﻓﻮ:ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ.ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﻭﺭ
ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍ ﺎ
ﻭﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ،ﺕ
ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﺑﻴﺮ
ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝﺇﻟﻰﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ
ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺑﻮﺻﻔﻬﻤﺎﺭﻛﻨﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،
ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ
ﻯﻣﻦ ﻱ
ﺭﺃ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎ ﺃﻗﻮ
ﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻁ،ﻷﻥﺭﺃﻱ ﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﺯ
ﻟﻤﺎﻓﻴﻪﻣﻦ
ﻣﻤﺪﻭﺡﺷﺮﻋﺎ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍﺃﻣﺮ
.ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ
ﺑﺄﻣﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠ ﺭ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺑﺎﺗﺨﺎﺫﻗﺮﺍﺭﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻘﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﺃﻻﻳﺴﺘﻘﻞ
ﻭﻟﺬﺍﻳﺠﺪﺭ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤ ﻖ
ﻭﻣﺘﻌﻠﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛ ﺎ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻑﺍﻵﺧﺮ ،ﻣﺎﺩﺍﻡﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻛﺎﻥﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻻﺑﻌﺪ
ﻭﻫﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،
ﻊ ﻲﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ
ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯﻓﻲﺃﺻﻐﺮﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ
ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖﻟﻤﺒﺪﺃ
ﺑﻜﻴﺎﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻭﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚ
:ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ(٣٨).
ﺷﻮﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢ
ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:
ﻗﺎﻝ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺾ ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(٢٠).
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ
ﺡ ﻻ
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ
ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ
:ﺳﺎﺩﺳﺎ
g
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺑﺎﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝﻓﻄﺮﺓ ﺟﺒﻠﻬﺎﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﺸﺘﺪﻋﻨﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ
ﻡﻏﺘﺮﻣﻴﻴﻨﻪ
ﻭﻫﻮ ﺅﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎ
ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻴﺔ
ﻳﺘﻄﺆﺃ ﺅ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﺃﻭﻣﻦ
،ﺷﻴﺨﻮﺧﺘﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝ
ﺻﻐﺮﻫﺎﺇﻟﻰ
ﻲ
ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺃﺑﺎﺡﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺀ
ﻟﺪﻭﺍﻋﻲ ﺓ
""،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﺗﻠﺒﻴﺔ
:ﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻑ(١٨)،ﻳﻌﻨﻲﺑﺬﻟﻚ
ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚﺧﺮﻭﺟﺎﻋﻦ ﻣﻘﺘﻀ
ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻫﺐﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳﺮﺩﻭﻥ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢﻛﺎﻥﺇﻫﻤﺎﻝ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻫﻮﺩﻳﻦ .ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ،ﺩﻳﻨﻬﺎﻓﺪﻳﻦ
ﺧﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ
ﻭﺃﺻﻞ
ﻓﻄﺮﺗﻬﺎ
ﻋﺎﺩ
ﻋ ﺓﻭﻳﺨﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻦ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎﻣﺎﻟﻢﻳﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﺝ
ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺐ
ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪﺃﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥﺗﺰﻳﻦ
ﺏ
ﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺰﻭ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﻭﻟﻬﻦﻣﺜﻞﻟﺬﻯﻋﻠﻴﻬ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﻋﻠﻰ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻭﻫﻮﺣﻖ
ﺍﻵﻳﺘﺎ
ﻫﺎﺗﺎ ﻥ:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(١٩)،ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖ ﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﻲ
ﻭﻋﺎﺷﺮﻭﻫﻦ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(:٢٢٨)،ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ
،ﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤ ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻳ
ﻭﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ ﻦ
ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻦﻟﻬﻢ
ﻓﻲﻣﺜﻞﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﺣﻘﺎ
ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀﻋﻠﻰ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﻭﻣﻤﺎﺟﺎﺀﻋﻦﺍﺑﻦﻋﺒﺎﺱﻳﻴﺆﺙ ؛ ﺃﻧﻪﻛﺎﻥ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺇﻧﻲ«ﻷﺣﺐﺃﻥﺃﺗﺰﻳﻦﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﻛﻤﺎﺃﺣﺐ
ﺃﻥﺗﺘﺰﺑﻦﻟﻲ .ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔﻣﻊﺃﻫﻞ،ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺏﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ
،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
) ١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(٥/٣٤٧).
ﻓﻲﻓﺘﺢﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﺷﺮﺡﺻﺤﻴﺢﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢٧٣١).
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ،ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(٧/٢٢٢).،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ): ٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥﻟﻠﻄﺒﺮﻱ /٥٣١).(٤
ﻓﻲﺗﺄﻭﻳﻞ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺟﺎﻣﻊﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(١/٦١٠).،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ): ٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- ٧١٠
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ:
١ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻋﻠﻰ .ﺍﻵﺧﺮ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﻳﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ
ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ
٢-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﻫﻢ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﻭﺣﻘﻮﻕ
ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ
ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭ
٣-
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻠﺘﺰﻡﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺑﺒﺬﻟﻬﺎ،ﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻓﻬﻲﺣﻖﻟﻪﻭﻭﺍﺟﺐ.ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﻭﻫﻲ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ :
ﻭﻧﺴﺘﻌﺮﺽﺃﻫﻢﻫﺬﻩ
.ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎ ﻻﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎﻣﻪ
ﻓﻲﻛﻞﺃﻣﺮﻣﺒﺎﺡ
ﻑ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺣﻖ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ
ﺿﺮﺭ ﺃﻭ.ﺇﻳﺬﺍﺀ
ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱﺃﻣﺮﺑﻬﺎ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪﻛﺘﻚ ؛ﻷﻧﻪ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚ ﻻﺗﻨﻔﻚﻋﻦ
ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺷﻬﺮﻫ
،ﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ،ﺧﻤﺴﻬﺎﻭﺻﺎﻣﺖ
ﻭﺣﺚ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﺔ:ﺇﺫﺍ(ﺻﻠﺖ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨ")ﺷﺌﺖ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔﻣﻦﺃﻱﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺔ
ﻭﺣﻔﻈﺖ،ﻓﺮﺟﻬﺎﻭﺃﻃﺎﻋﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻗﻴﻞ:ﻟﻬﺎﺍﺩﺧﻠﻲ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ
، ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔﻛﺎﻧﺖﻣﻦﺃﻫﻞ
ﻓﻲﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺇﺫﺍﺃﻃﺎﻋﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻝﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
"""ﻋﻨﻬﺎ
. ﻋﻔﻲﻧﺼﻮﺣﺎﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮﺃﻭﺗﺎﺑﺖﺗﻮﺑﺔ
ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺒﺖﺑﻘﻴﺔ
ﺇﻥ
ﺇﺫ
ﻭﺗﻄﻴﻌ ﺍ
ﻚ ﺗﺴﺮﻙﺇﺫﺍ،ﺃﺑﺼﺮﺕ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻣﻦ
ﻭﻓﻲﺣﺪﻳﺚﺃﺧﺮﻗﺎﻝ:ﺷﻴﺔﺧﻴﺮ(
،ﺃﻣﺮﺕﻭﺗﺤﻔﻆﻏﻴﺒﺘﻚﻓﻲﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ)ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻚ .
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ
ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ (٣/١٩٩)،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٦٦١)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﻓﻲ) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﻴﺾ،ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻭﻱ(١/٣٩٢).
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ (١٤/٣٣٨)،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٤٩٦٩)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢ
ﺍﻟﻄﺒﺮﺍﻧﻲﻓﻲ
) (٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ /٦٢٤).(١
- ٧٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﻰ ﺓ؟ﺃﻋﻈﺣﻘﺎ ﻋﻠ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﻢ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺃﻱ ﺱ
ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔﻳﺆﻳﻦ:ﻗﺎﻟﺖ:ﻗﻠﺖ(ﻳﺎ
ﻭﻋﻦ
"ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ
". ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻫﻮ
ﻗﺎﻝ )" :ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ:ﻗﻴﻞﺍﻟﺤﻖﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩ
ﺑﻤ
ﻋﺮﻓﺎ ﺎ
ﻫﺪ ؛
،ﺷﺮﻋﺎ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ
ﻓﻲ ﻑ ﺑﻜﻮﻧﻬﺎ
ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺓ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﻨﺜﺬ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻄﻼﻥ ،ﻥ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲﻣﻘﺼﺪ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻳﺨﺎﻟﻒﻧﺼﺎﻭﻻﻳﺮﺟﻊ
ﻻ
ﻣﻘﺘﻀ
ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻌﺔﻟﻤﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﻭﻟﻢﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ""،ﺿﺮﺭﻭﻫﺬﺍﻫﻮ ﻰ
ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪﻣﺘﻰﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﺗﻜﻲﺇﻏﺎ(
، ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﻗﻴﺪﺕ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻵﻣﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ
ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪ).ﻭﺟﺘﻚ
ﻓﻲﻟﻤﺨﻠﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔﻓﻲ)،ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ:ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻻ(ﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﻓﻲﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ،ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻓﺤﻴﻨﺌﺬ
ﺛﻤﺮﺓﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻨﺪﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﻭﺗﻈﻬﺮ
ﺗﺮﺍﺿﻴﺑﻌﺪ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮﻋﻦ،ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻬﺎﻓﺈﻥ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﻦﺣﻖﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺇﺑﺪﺍﺀﺭﺃﻳﻪ ،ﻭﻣﻦﺣﻖ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭ ﻪ
ﻛﻮﻧ ﻲﻳﺪ ﺝ
ﻞﻓ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢﺍﻟﻔﺼ
،ﻭﻧﻌﻤﺖﻭﺇﻻﻟﺰﻡﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻓﺒﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﻤﻞﻟﻤﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭﻣﻦ.ﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢﻋﻠﻰﺃﻣﺮ
ﻳﺄﺗ :
ﻟﻤ ﻰﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻨﺪﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ،ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻭﻻﺿﺮﺭﻋﻠﻰ
٧٩
ﻥ
ﺗﻤﺴ ﺑﻤﻴﺰﺍ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﺑﺪﻓﻴﻬﺎﻣﻦﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻚ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮ
١ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺮﺟﻊﺇﻟﻰﺭﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﺍﻻﺧﺘﻼﻑﻟﺘﺤﺴﻢﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕﻭﺗﺴﻴﺮ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ،ﻋﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻷﻥ
ﺩﺳﺎﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎ،ﻩ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻟﻢﻛﺎ" -
ﻩ
ﻭﻳﺤﻔﻆ،ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﺬ
ﺭﺋﻴﺲﻳﺪﻳﺮ،ﺷﺆﻭﻧﻬﺎ
ﺗﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺑﻐﻴﺮ
ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ
ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﻻ
.ﻣﻄﺎﻋﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ
ﺗﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺇﻻﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓﻻ
ﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻭﻭﺗﺒﺎﻳﻦ
ﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸ
ﺔ ٢ﺃﻥﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲﺇﻟﻴﻪﺭﺃﻳﻪﺑﻌﺪ
ﻭﻟﻴ
ﻭﺗﻔﻜ ﺲ
ﻋﻠﻰﺭﺅﻳﺔﻭﺗﺪﺑﺮ ،ﺮ
ﻏﻀﺎﺿﺔ،ﻓﻴﻪﻷﻧﻪﺭﺃﻱﺻﺎﺩﺭ،ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻻ
ﻣﻠﺰ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ ﻡ
ﻗﻮﺍﻡﻋﻠﻰﺃﻣﺮ ﺓ؛ﺷﺮﻋﺎ
ﻓﺎﻟﺰﻭﺝ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺩ
ﻣﺠﺮﺩ
ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺎﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺒﺬﻝﻭﺳﻌﻪﻓﻲﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻬﺎﻭﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ،ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺭﺃﻯﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﻲﻓ
ﻓﻀ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺑﻤﺎ ﻞ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻷﺧﺬ ،ﺑﻪﻗﺎﻝ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝﻗﻮﻣﻮﺕ
ﺭﺃﻱ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ(٣٤).
ﻣﻦﺃﻣﻮﻟﻬﻢﻩ :ﺀ
ﺃﻧﻔﻘﻮﺍ
ﻭﻳﻤﺎﺑﻌﺾ
ﻋﻠﻦ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔﻛﻤﻮﻗﻒﺍﻟﻮﻻﺓ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﺔﻓﻜﻤﺎﺃﻧﻪﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
٣ﻣﻮﻗﻒ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻓﻜﺬﺍﻫﻨﺎﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻥﺗﻄﻴﻊﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔﻭﻻﺗﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻘﺮ)ﺷﺄﻧﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻳﻨﺘﻈﻢﺃﻣﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﺣﺘﻰ
.ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪ
ﺗﻨﻔﻖﻣﻨﻪﺇﻻ
ﺗﺤﻔﻆﻣﺎﻟﻪﻭﻻ
ﻓﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺃﻥ
ﺗﺤﻔﻆﻣﺎﻟﻪﻣﻦﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻉﺑﺄﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﺃﻣﻴﻨﺔﻋﻠﻴﻪﺇﻥ
ﻣﻦﺣﻖﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺃﻥ
ﺗﻤﺴ
ﻓﻲﻏﻴﺮﻣﺎ،ﻳﻠﺰﻡﺑﺄﻥ ﻚ ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ
ﻓﻲ،ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻬﺎﻭﺃﻥﺗﺼﻮﻧﻪﻣﻦ
ﺣﻔﻈﻪ
ﺃﻭﺩﻋﻪﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎﺀ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻋﺪﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻴﺘﻲﻣﻦﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐﻧﺴﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔﺑﻤﺎﻳﻤﻜﻦ
ﻋﻦﻛﺜﺮﺓ
،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻱﻟﻠﻌﻴﻨﻲ١٨٩).(٢٠/
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻋﻤﺪﺓ
_W
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٨/٤٧٢).
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ:ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )٣
ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔﻭﻟﻢﻳﻨﺎﻭﻝ،ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪﺭﻗﻢ
ﺧﺎﺩﻣﻪ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﺃﻣﺮ
) (٥ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺇﺫﺍ،ﺗﺼﺪﻗﺖﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻥﺍﻷﻣﻴﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﺏﺃﺟﺮ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٤٢٥)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
- -٧٨
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ
ﻟﻘﺚ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻥﺗﻘﻮﻡﺑﺸﺆﻭﻥﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖﻭﻣﺎﻳﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪﻣﻦ،ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ،ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢﻭﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ
ﻭﻧﻤﺤﻮ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎﻳﻘﻮﻡ،ﺑﺬﻟﻚﻓﺈﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖﻣﻦﺑﻴﺖﻳﺨﺪ،ﻧﺴﺎﺅﻩ ﻭﻻ
،ﻟﻠﻄﻌﺎﻡ
،ﻳﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥﻟﻢﻳﺠﺐﺫﻟﻚ"ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ .
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺎ
،ﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎ
ﻭﻳﻘﺪﻣﻦﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻡ
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﻦ
ﻳﺨﺪﻣﻨﻪ
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖﺃﺯﻭﺍﺝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻏﻚ
ﻭﻫﻦﺃﺷﺮﻑﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻱ ،ﻭﺃﺭﺿﺎﻫﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﻲﻓﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻱﻭﻟﻠﻪ -ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪﻓﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺓ
ﻓﻲﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎﻋﺮﻑ
ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺘﻘﺮﺏﺑﻬﺎﺇﻟﻰ،ﺭﺑﻬﺎﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ
ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎﻣﻦﺧﻴﺮﺓ
ﻭﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩﺑﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﺸﺄﻥ؛ﻣﻦﺃﻥﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻳﺼﻮﺭﻩﺑﻌﺾ
ﻣﻤﺎ
ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲﺍﻟﺤﺬﺭ
ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ،ﻭﺃﻟﻔﺘﻬﺎ
ﻨﺎ
ﻓﻘـﺪﻭﺗ،ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻪ
ﻣﻼﺑﺴﻪ،ﻭﺍﻥﻫﺬﻩ
ﻭﻏﺴﻞ
ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ
ﻧﻔﺴﻪﻣﻦﻃﻬﻲ
ﻳﺨﺪﻣﺔ
ﺃﻥﻳﻘﻮﻡﻫﻮ
ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ
. ﻣﺠﺎﻟﻪﻳﺨﺪ
ﻓﻲ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻢﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﻴﺖﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻞﺇﻥﺃﻋﻈﻢﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝﺗﻀﻴﻴﻊﻟﺪﻭﺭ
ﻭﻟﻴﺲ
ﻭﻣﺤﺒﺘﻬ
ﺎ ﻓﻲﻗﻴﺎﻣﻬﺎﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ،ﻭﻗﻮﺓﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎﺑﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ
.ﻬﺎ
ﻆ ﻷﺳﺮﺗ
،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﻔ
ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔﻟﻘﻠﺐ
،ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ
ﻳﻘﻮﻡﺑﻪ
ﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻟﻦ
ﻓﻔﻲﺫﻟﻚﺃﺩﺍﺀ
،ﻟﻪ
.ﺇﺫﻧﻪ
ﺗﺨﺮﺝﻣﻦﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎﺑﻐﻴﺮ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﺃﻻ
ﻩ
ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻭﻻ
ﻭﻗﺮﻰﻓ ﻦ
ﻥ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﻥﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻣﺄﻣﻮﺭﺍﺕﺑﻠﺰﻭﻡﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﺍﻻﺣﺰﺍﺏ().ﺏ
: ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻠﻴﺔ
ﺗﺒﺮﺟﺮﻥﺗﺒﺎﺝ
ﺑﻲ
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﺣﻖﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺃﻥﺗﻠﺰﻡﺑﻴﺘﻪﻭﺃﻻﺗﺨﺮﺝﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻻ،ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﻲ
ﻳﻀﻄﺮﻫﺎ""،ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﻓﻔ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲ
ﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻭﻻﻟﻐﻴﺮﻫﻢ ؛ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥﻫﻨﺎﻙﻣﺴﻮﻍ
ﻓﺄﺫﻧﻮ
ﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ
، ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺫﻧﻜﻢﻧﺴﺎﺅﻛﻢﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺃﻥﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻚ:ﻗﺎﻝﺇﺫﺍ(
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻻﺗﺨﺮﺝﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺇﻻﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪﺍﻷﻣﺮ
")ﻟﺒﻦ ،ﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﺍﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
"".ﺑﺎﻹﺫﻥ
ﺍﻟﻰﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝ
ﺃﺑﻮﻱ؟. ٠
) ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﺘﻴﺔ:ﺃﺗﺄﺫﻥ(ﻟﻲﺃﻥﺁﺗﻲ
ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺫﻻﺃﻧﻬﺎﻗﺎﻟﺖ
ﻭﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻻﺗﺨﺮﺝﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﺇﻻ ﻥ
ﺑـﺈﺫ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻗﻲﻟﻔﺨﻪ:ﻓﻴﻪ«ﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩﻣﻦ...ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻬﺎﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﺑﻦﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺪﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻗﻴﻞ :ﺇﻥ ﻓﻴﻪﺩﻟـﻴﻼ ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﺇﻻ"»ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪ.
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪﻣﻦ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﻣﻨﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻷﺑﻮﻳﻬﺎﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﻣﻨﻌﻬﺎﻣﻦ،ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻞ
ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ
ﺃﻣﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺗﻤﻜﻴﻨﻬﺎﻣﻦ،ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﺧﻮﺗﻬﺎ؛ ﻟﺼﻠﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ ﻣﻊﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻠﺲﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻷﺫﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺧﺮﻭﺝﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺇﻟﻰ
) (٢ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٤٤٢).
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺧﺮﻭﺝ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٨٦٥)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
): ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(٢/٣٤٨).
ﻥ
ﻣﻌﻨﻤﻮﻇﻦﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﺘﻮ
ﻩ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ﺇﺫ
،ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﺏﻗﻮﻟﻪ
) (٤ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔﺑﺎﺏ
ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٤٧٥٠)،
ﺑﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﺣﺘﺮﺍ:ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ( ١٢)،ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﺘﻨﺖ
ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻹﻓﻚﻭﻗﺒﻮﻝﺗﻮﺑﺔ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺫﻑ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٧٧٠).
)ﻩ( :ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ/٣٤٨).(٢
- -٨٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﻳﺒﻐﻀﻪ
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺘﻪﻷﺣﺪ
:ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎﺃﻻﺗﺄﺫﻥ
ﻗﺜﺎ
ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻣﻦ
ﻣﺤﺎﺭﻣﻬ ﺃﻭ ﻢ
ﺎ ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻷﺣﺪﻣﻦ
ﻣﻦﺣﻖﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻻﺗﺄﺫﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺑﻐﻴﺮﺇﺫﻧﻪ ،ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﺷﻚ ﻻ(ﻳﺤﻞﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻥﺗﺼﻮﻡﻭﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﺃﻥ ﻻ
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺘﻪﺇﻻ )،ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ:ﻏﻴﻚﻭﻟﻜﻢ( ﻦ
ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺇﻻ،ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪ ﻭﻻﺗﺄﺫﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻲﻓﺫﻟﻚ،
ﻭﺍﻟـﺪﺍ ﺔ
ﻳﺪﺧﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻮﻧﻪ("ﺃ،
ﻓﺮﺷﻜﻢﺃﺣﺪﺍ
"""ﻃﺜﻦ
ﻳﻮ
""»ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ
، :ﺟﻠﻔﻔﻪﻻ«ﻳﻤﻠﻚﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻣﻨﻊﺃﺑﻮﻳﻬﺎﻣﻦﺯﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺩﺍﻭﻱ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻳﺨﺶﺿﺮﺭﺍﻣﻦ.ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳﻦ
ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺑﻤﺎﺇﺫﺍﻟﻢ
ﻫﺈﻭ ﺇﻭﻋﻲ
ﺭﺍ ) :ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﻧﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ:ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦﺑﺎﺯ(٢١/١٨٢).
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻷﺣﺪﺇﻻ،ﺑﺈﺫﻧﻪﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ،ﺑﺎﺏ ﻻﺗﺄﺫﻥ) ٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻭﻥﻟﻪﺭﺟﻼ
ﺳﻮﺍﺀﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻤﺄﺫ
ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻟﻜﻢ
ﻓﻲﻭﺍﻟﺠﻠﻮﺱ
ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻢ
ﺩﺧﻮﻝ
ﻓﻲ
ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻮﻧﻪ
ﻳﺄﺫﻥﻷﺣﺪ
ﻳﻮﻃﻨﻦ::ﺃﻱﻻ«
٣ﻻ
ﻣﺴﻠﻢ(٨/١٨٤).
».ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺷﺮﺡﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﺤﺎﺭﻡ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺃﻭﺃﺣﺪﺍﻣﻦ
ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺤﺞ ﺑﺎﺏﺣﺠﺔﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ،ﻏﺶ ﺑﺎﺏﺣﺠﺔﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﻏﺎﻧﺔﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ) (٤ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔﺍﻟﺮﺍﺟﺢﻣﻦﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ،ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺩﺍﻭﻱ (٨/٣٦١).
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﻧﺼﺎﻑ )(٥
- ٨١ -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤ
ﺔ :ﻭﻫﻲﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺑﺒﺬﻟﻬﺎ،ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻓﻬﻲﻭﺍﺟﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻫﺬﻩ
.ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ
:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ:
ﻟﻘﻮﻟ ﻰ
ﺗﻤﺎﻡ،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻪ
ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ
ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻘﻪ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﻋﻠﻰ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﺣﻖﻣﻘﺮﺭ
ﺲﻭﻟﻮ
ﻟﻤﺮﻳ:ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻤ(
ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪﺷﻜﺔ ﺪ
)،ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺀ(2:
ﺻﺪﻗﺘﻦ ﺗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺓ
ﻭﺍﺗﻮﺍ
"".ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻉﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻻﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩ
ﺧﺎﺗﻤﺎﻣﻦ")ﺣﺪﻳﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﻭﻋﻈﻢﻗﺪﺭﻫﺎﻲﻓ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ؛ ﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻭﻓﻲﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻟﺤﻖ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ،ﺣﻴﺚﺇﻥﺑﻌﺾﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏﺗﺠﻌﻞﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ
ﺧﺎﻟ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺍﻟﺬﻱﺟﻌﻠﻪﺣﻘﺎ ﺼﺎ
ﺑﺨﻼﻑ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔﺑﻴﻦ
ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ
ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻪ
.ﻭﺩﻫﺎ
،ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻫﺎﻭﻛﺴﺐ
،ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞﻗﺎﺻﺪﺍﺑﺬﻟﻚﺗﻄﻴﻴﺐ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﺑﻼ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻗﻔﻪ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺝ ﻣ
ﻦ ﻭﺗﻤﻜ ﺍﻟﺰﻭ
ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ ،ﻦ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻣﺘﻰ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﺗﺠﺐ
ﻦ"ﺑﻠﻌﺮﻭﺏﺭﺯﻗﻬﻭﻛﺘﻮﺟ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻋﻠﻰﺁﻟﺆﻟﻮﺩﻟﻬﺮ ﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ ﺑﻬﺎ؛ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺃﺧﺬﺗﻤﻮﻫ ﻥ
ﺑﺄﻣﺎ ﻦ ٢٣٣).ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﻏﺖﺍﺗﻘﻮﺍ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ؛ﻓﺈﻧﻜﻢ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(
) (١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻥﻭﻟﻲ ،ﺭﻗﻢ :ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥١٣٥)،
ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﺯﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢﻗﺮﺍﻥﻭﺧﺎﺗﻢ ،ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻮﺭﻣﻦ
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٤٢٥).
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ ٩٧).(١٠/
،ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- ٨٢٠
)ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ
، ﻭﻛﺴﻮﺗﻬ
ﻦ ﺭﺯﻗﻬﻦ
ﻓﺮﻭﺟﻬﻦﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻭﻟﻬﻦﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻠﻠﺘﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،
"".ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻪ
ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻋﻠﻰﺍﻹﺟﻤﺎﻉﻋﻠﻰﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺪ
ﻭﻗﺪ
ﻳﺤﺴﺐﻳﺴﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
""،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺒﺲﻭﺗﻘﺪﺭ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺄﻛﻞ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻦ
ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ:ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
،ﻭﻋﺴﺮﻩ ﻳﺪﻝﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚﻗﻮﻟﻪ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﻴﻨﻔﻖﺫﻭﺳﻌﺔﻳﻦ،ﺳﻌﺘﻪﻭﻣﻦﻗﺪﺭﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﺯﻗﻪ
:ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ(٧).
ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻔﻖ ﻳﻤﺎ ﺍﺗﻨﻪ ﻟﻠﻬﻪ
ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ :
ﻦﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭﻫﻭﻣﺘﻔﺎﻫﻤﻴ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻣﺘﻔﻘﻴﻦﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
،ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺤﻴﺚﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺪﻭﺭﻩﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻭﺿﻊﺍﺳﺮﺗﻪ ،
ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻥﺗﺮﺍﻋﻲﺣﺎﻝﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﻻﺗﺸﻖ.ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺃﻟﺰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮﺣﺎﻝ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻏﻨﻴﺎ ﻡ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻓﺈﻥ
ﻓﻲﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻉ
ﻋﻨﺪ
ﺑﻨﻔﻘﺔﻏﻨﻲﺣﺘﻰﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻧﺖ،ﻓﻘﻴﺮﺓﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﻓﻘﻴﺮﺍﺃﻟﺰﻡﺑﻨﻔﻘﺔ،ﻓﻘﻴﺮﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖﻫﻲ.ﻏﻨﻴﺔ
ﻓﻲﺯﻣﺎﻥﻋﻠﻰﺃﻣﺮﺍﻋﺘﺒﺮﻫﺬﺍ
»ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑ«ﻓﺈﺫﺍﺗﻌﺎﺭﻑﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ
"،ﺷﺮﻋﻲ
ﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑﺇﺫﺍﻟﻢﻳﻜﻦﻓﻴﻪ
ﻣﺤ
ﻣﻮﻇﻔﺔ ﺃﻭﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻮ
ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﺍﻻﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉﻋﻦﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﺑﺤﺠﺔﺃﻥﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
،ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻞﻫﺬﺍﺣﻖﻣﻦﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎﻳﺠﺐ ﻟﻬﺎﺑﻌﻘﺪ.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٢١٨).
،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺤﺞﺑﺎﺏﺣﺠﺔﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ،ﻓﺎﺝﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲﻣﺴﻠﻢ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ (١١/٣٤٨).
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ،ﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )٢
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٣/٤٥٧).
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
،ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/٤٥٧).(١٣
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- -٨٣
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻣﻮﺭﺩﻳﻨﻬﺎﻭﻣﺎ
ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ
ﻓﺜﺞ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﺃﻥﻳﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻳﻨﻬﺎﻭﻳﺮﻋﻰ ،ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻬﺎ
ﻃﺮﻳ
ﻳﺴﻬﻞﻟﻬﺎ ﻖ
ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺫﺍ،ﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻼﺡ،ﺳﻮﺍﺀ
ﺑﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻬﺎﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ
ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻨﻲ
ﻊ
ﻓﻲﺃﺩﺍﺀ،ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻄﻤ
،ﻭﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎ ﻓﻼﺗﻘﺼﺮ
،ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢﻭﺑﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢﺗﻌﺮﻑﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺗﻬﺎ
ﺃﺳﺎﺱﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﻷﻧﻬﺎﺇﺫﺍﺗﻌﻠﻤﺖﻋﻠﻤﺖﻓﻲﻏﻴﺮ،ﺣﻖ ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﺎﻫﻮ
ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ
، ﺷﻘﺎﺀﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚﻳﻘﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻫﻠﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺓﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ
ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻫﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳ ﺭﺓ
ﻭﻗﻮﺩﻫ ﺊ
ﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻴﻜﺮﺗﺎﺭﺍ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﺄﻫﺎﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻨﻮﺍﻗﻮﺍﺃﻧﻔﺴﺮ
:ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ( ).٦
.ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎ
ﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖﻟﻪﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﻳﺒﻴﺖﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎﻟﻴﻠﺔﻣﻦ،ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻭﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ
ﻓﻲﺣﺠﺮﺓﻲﻓﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ،ﻓﻲﺣﺠﺮﺓﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰﺃﻧﻪﻳﺒﻴﺖ -ﻣﺜﻼ -
،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲﻭﻟﻴﺲ
ﻓﻲ ﺇﻥﺃﺭﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺠﻊﻟﻴﻠﺔﻣﻦ،ﺃﺭﺑﻊﻭﺛﻼﺙﻟﻴﺎﻝﻣﻦﺍﻷﺭﺑﻊﻟﻪﺃﻥﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ .
ﻓﻲ ﺑﻞﻳﺒﻴﺖ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ،ﻓﻌﻦﻋﺮﻭﺓﺑﺎﻛﺔ ،ﻗﺎﻝﺩﺧﻠﺖﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥﺑﻦﺭﻫﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ
ﻭﺫﻟﻚﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﻭﻫﻲﺑﺎﺫﺓﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺔﻓﺴﺄﻟﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺷﺄﻧﻚ؟ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺯﻭﺟﻲ ﻡ
ﻳﻘﻮ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﻳﻨﺬﻩ
ﻣﻈﻌﻮﻥﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻠ
،ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞﻭﻳﺼﻮﻡ،ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭﻓﺪﺧﻞﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﻏﻴﺜﻴﻪﻓﺬﻛﺮﺕﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻟﻪﻓﻠﻘﻲﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﻪ
ﻓـﻮﺍﻟ
ﺃﺳﻮﺓ ﻠﻪ
، ﺍﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔﻟﻢﺗﻜﺘﺐ،ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎﺃﻓﻤﺎ ﻟﻚﻲﻓ
ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥﺇﻥ(:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ
ﻏﻴﺖ
ﻭﺃﺣﻔﻈﻜﻢ)ﻟﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﺃﺧﺸﺎﻛﻢﻟﻠﻪ ،
ﺇﻧﻲ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٠٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻥ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺣﻤﺪﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ /٧١) (٤٣ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٥٤٩٨)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎ
. -٨٤
ﻟﺒﻬﻤ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀﺣﻘﺎ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﺑﻪﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻟﻴﺲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖﻋﻨﺪ
ﻦ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻔﺎﻓﺈﻻﺃﻥﺛﻤﺮﺓﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖﺗﺤﺼﻞﻲﻓ ﺍﻟﺴﻜ
ﻓﻲﺣﻖ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓﺑﻴﻦ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺃﻭﺟﺐﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖ ﻭﻟﻮﺑﻌﺪﺯﻭﺍﻝ،ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﺃﻋﺎﺩﻭﺍ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁﺀﺇﻟﻰﺣﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎﻭﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ""ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
:gﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ.ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ
ﻓﻲﺣﻖﻣﻦﺟﻤﻊ،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻦﻭﻫﻮﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﺑﻼﺧﻼﻑ ﺑـﻴ
ﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﻳﻜﻮﻥﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣ
،ﺇﺣﺪﺍﻫﻤﺎﺟﺎﺀﻳﻮﻡ ﺔﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﺎﻥﻓﻤﺎﻝﺇﻟﻰ
"،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﻏﻴﺘﻴﺔﻣﻦ(ﻛﺎﻧﺖﻟﻪ
٣
ﻭﺷﻘﻪ)ﻣﺎﺋﻞ .
ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻼ
، ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺍﺕﺃﻥﻳﻘﺴﻢﺑﻴﻨﻬﻦ
ﻓﻴﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪﺯﻭﺟﺎﺕ
ﻳﻔﻀﻞﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻴﺮ ،ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮﻲﻓ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖﻓﻤﻦﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻪﺃﺭﺑﻊ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺓ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
،ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻜﻦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﻓﻴﻪ
ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓﻣﻨﻬﻦﻟﻴﻠﺔﻣﻦﻛﻞﺃﺭﺑﻊﻟﻴﺎﻝ".
ﻧﺴﺎﺀﻓﻠﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔﺃﻥﻣﻦﺗﺰﻭﺝﺯﻭﺟﺔﻣﻊ ﺩ
ﻭﺟﻮ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺍﻟﻠﻴﺎﻟﻲ
ﻗﺴﻢ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺜﻨﻰﻣﻦ
ﺃﻳﺎﻥﺇ
ﻭﺳﺒ ﻡ
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﺛﻼﺛﺔﺃﻳﺎﻡﺇﻥﻛﺎﻧﺖ،ﺛﻴﺒﺎ ﻌﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﻘﻴﻢﻋﻨﺪ
ﺃﺧﺮﻯﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ
ﺯﻭﺟﺔ
"ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﺍ.
ﻭﻳﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻢ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ،ﺑﻜﺮﺍﺛﻢﺑﻌﺪﺫﻟﻚﻳﺒﺪﺃ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯﻻﺑﻦﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ(٣٢/٢٧١).
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ) (١
ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺪﺳﻲ(١/٤٣٤).،ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺪﺓﻓﻲﺷﺮﺡ): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢﺑﻴﻦ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢١٣٣)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺑﺎﺏ
٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ (٧/٨٠).
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٩/٢).
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٢٤٢٧،ﻭﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ ﻧﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏﻻﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ )١٧٩). (١٩/ (١ ) (٥
- ٨٥
ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺪﺳﻲ(١/٤٣٤).
،ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺪﺓ
ﻓﻲﺷﺮﺡ
): ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ (٢٠٧). )(٢
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(٢/٥٨٢).
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ،ﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﺭﻳﺎﺽ )(٤
- ٨٦٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﻝ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻋﻠﻰ:
ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﺒﺬﻩﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
- ١ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻓﻲ.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
.ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺣﻘﻮﻕ
٢-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﻫﻢﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ
٣-ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﻓﻀﻞﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ.ﻭﺑﺮﻫﻤﺎ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻣﻦﺃﻭﺛﻖﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻠﺰﻡ،ﺃﺩﺍﺅﻫﺎﻭﻣﻦ ﻢ
ﺃﻋﻈ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻲﻓ
ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻋﻠﻰﻣﺎﺑﺬﻻﻩﻣﻦ ﻮﺩ
ﻭﺷﻜﺮﺍ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔ،ﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀﺑﻬﺎ؛
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺠﺐ
ﻭﻗﻀ
ﺊ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻗﻮﻟﻪﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:
ﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﺬﻳﺐﻭﻣﻦﺃﺟﻤﻊﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ
ﻛﻼﻫ ﻼﻓ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺃﻭ ﻤﺎ
ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮ
ﻳﺒﻠﻐﻦ
"ﺇﺣﺴﻨﺌﺎﺇﻣﺎ
ﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮ
ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺇﻻﺇﻳﺎﻩ
ﺭﺑﻚﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣ
ﺍﻟﺬ ﻦﻣ ﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﺧﻔﻟﻬﻤﺎﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﻝ
ﻛﻐﺮﻳﻤﺎ ﻱ ﺾ
ﻭﻓﻞﻟﻬﻤﺎﻗﻮﻻ
ﺗﻨﺮﻫﻤﺎ
ﺛﻔﻞﻫﻤﺎ ﺃﻳﻮ
٢٤). :ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ( ٢٣
ﺍﺯﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎﻛﻤﺎﺭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺻﻐﻴﺮﺍ
ﻭﻗﻞﺭﺕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ:
ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲﺑﻴﺎﻥﻷﻫﻢﺣﻘﻮﻕ
.ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ
:ﺃﻭﻻﺣﻖ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﺍﻟﺘﻲﺃﻭﺟﺒﻬﺎ
ﻳﺄﻣﺮﺍﻥﺑﻪﻣﻦﻟﻮﺍﺯﻡ،ﺑﺮﻫﻤﺎﻭﻣﻦﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ :
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻰ
ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔﺑﻄﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺭﻉﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ،ﻭﻫﻲﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﻋﻨ
ﻲ ﺪ:ﺀ)٢٣ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺒ
ﺇﺣﺴﺘﺎ"ﻩﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍ(
ﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮ
ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺇﻻﺇﻳﺎﻩ
ﻭﻗﺾﺭﺑﻚﺃﻻ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍ
ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎ ﻡ
ﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻥﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﺮ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﻖ
:ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﻓﺄﺣﻖﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﺑﻌﺪ
ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﻩ:ﻟﻶﻳﺔﻗﺎﻝ«
ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻪﻭﺍﻹﺫﻋﺎﻥﻣﻦﻗﺮﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ،ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪﻭﺷﻜﺮﻩﺑﺸﻜﺮﻩ ؛
١
ﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺍﻥ .
ﻣﻘﻴﺪﺓﺑﻘﻴﻮﺩﻣﻦ:ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ
ﻃﺎﻋﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻟﻴﺴﺖ
ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺔ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻥﺟﻨﻬﺪﺍﻟﻚﻟﺘﺘﺮﻙﻱﻣﺎ
ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﻛﺘﻚﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
- ١ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﻲ :ﻻ(ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﺒﺸﺮ
ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪﺷﺌﺘﻔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ(4)،
: ﺗﻄﻌﻬﻤﺎﻩ
ﻟﻴﺲﻟﻚ،ﺑﻪﻋﻠﻢﻓﻼ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(٥/١٨٣).
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
)(١ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
- ٨٩ -
ﻳﻌﻨﻲﻓ ﺮ
ﺃﻣ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻲ
)، ﻓﻲﺇﻏﻤﺎ( ﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋ ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﺃﻳﻀﺎ
ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ )،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲ
".ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻉ
ﻋﺮﻑ
ﺗﻘﺴﺎﺇﻻﻭﺳﻌﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻻﻳﻜﻠﻒ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ،ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﻓﻲﺣﺪﻭﺩ
٢-ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ( ٢٨٦).
ﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﻡ ﻣﺸﻘﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭﻭﻗﻮﻉﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺷﻴﺦ
٣ﺃﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﺑﻦﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔﺗﻠﻠﻜﻪ :ﻳﻠﺰﻡ«ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﻃﺎﻋﺔﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ
ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔﻟﻬﻤﺎﻭﻻ،ﺿﺮﺭﻓﺈﻥﺷﻖﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﻟﻢ ﻩ
ﻳﻀﺮ ...ﻓﺎﺳﻘﻴﻦﻭﻫﺬﺍﻓﻴﻤﺎﻓﻴﻪ
ﻭﺟﺐ ﻭﺇﻻ "".ﻓﻼ
ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﻄﺎﻋﺔ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻓﻲﺗﺮﻙ.ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ:ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻉ.
:ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻞ
ﻤﻰ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺋﺾ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴ
:ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉﺍﺳﻢﻟﻤﺎﺷﺮﻉﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻞ
ﺢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴ ﻓﻲﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ (٢/٢٣١٨،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢١٠٦٥،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ
٩
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
""،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻉﻭﻣﻦﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ:ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻞﺻﻴﺎﻡﺛﻼﺛﺔﺃﻳﺎﻡﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ،ﺷﻬﺮ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺐ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪﻭﺏ
ﻭﺻﻼﺓﺭﻛﻌﺎﺕﺑﻨﻴﺔﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ،ﻭﻧﺨﻮ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺗﻘﺪﻳ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓـﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﻤﺎ
ﺑﻌﺾ ﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺍﻥﺍﺑﻨﻬﻤﺎﺑﺘﺮﻙ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﺃﻧﻪﺇﺫﺍﺃﻣﺮ
ﻭﻗﺪﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻋﻠ« ﻥﺃ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﻓﻋﻠﻠﻨﻪ :ﻢ
،ﺷﺮﻋﺎﻗﺎﻝ ﻲ
ﻣﻘﺪﻡﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻨﻔﻞ؛ﻓﻬﻮ
ﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻳﻜﻮﻥﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ...ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺪﻭﺏﻭﻣﺘﻰﺗﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ
»ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺪﻭﺏ .
)(٢
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺪﻭﺏﻗﺪﻡﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ،ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺔﻭﺻﻴﺎﻡﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔﺳﻨﺔ ،
ﻃﺎﻋﺔ«
ﻓﻲﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ:ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ
ﻭﻗﺪﺟﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻡﺍﻟﻨﻔﻞﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻚ".ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻤﺎ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍﺃﻣﺮﻙﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﻙﺑﺘﺮﻙ
ﻭﻫﻏﻴﺮ
ﺝﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻮ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺍﻥﺍﺑﻨﻬﻤﺎﻋﻦﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭ
ﻭﻣﻦﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔﺫﻟﻚﺃﻳﻀﺎﻣﺎ ﻟﻮﻧﻬﻰ
ﻳﺴﺘﺄﺫﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻥ
ﻓـﺈ ، ﻳﺘﻌﻴﻦﻟﺬﻟﻚﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺃﻥ
ﻣﺘﻌﻴﻦﻟﻪﺑﺪﻓﻊ ﺃﻭﻃﻠﺐﻣﻦ،ﺇﻣﺎﻡﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﻧﻮﻉﻣﻦ
ﺎ ﻟﺰﻭﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﻟﺰﻭﻡ
،ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩﺑﻞ،ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﻤﺎﻓﺈﻥ
ﺃﺫﻧﺎﻟﻪﻭﺇﻻﻓﻼﻳﺬﻫﺐﺇﻟﻰ
ﻦ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﺎﻣﻦﺍﻟـﻴﻤ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﺃﻥ(ﺭﺟﻼﻫﺎﺟﺮ "")،ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩﻭﺍﻷﺻﻞ
ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻤﻦ؟:ﻗﺎﻝ،ﺃﺑﻮﺍﻱ:ﻗﺎﻝﺃﺫﻧﺎﻟﻚ؟:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ:،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻊ
ﺍﺭﺟ :ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻫﻞﻟﻚﺃﺣﺪ
،ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺄﺫﻧﻬﻤﺎﻓﺈﻥﺃﺫﻧﺎ ﻟﻚ،ﻓﺠﺎﻫﺪ ﻭﺇﻻ)".ﻓﺒﺮﻫﻤﺎ
ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀﻟﻠﻘﻮﻧﻮﻱ(٣٣).
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺃﻧﻴﺲ )١
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ،ﻳﻐﺰﻭﻭﺃﺑﻮﺍﻩ،ﻛﺎﺭﻫﺎﻥﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٥٣٠)،
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ )ﻩ(
- ٩١
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺷﻔﻘﺔﺑﺎﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭﺭﺟﺤﺎﻥ
ﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻋﻦ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻧﻬﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮ
ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔﻟﻬﻤﺎﺃﻡ،ﻟﻪﻟﻜﻦﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﻧﻬﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﻪﻣﺒﻨﻴﺎ ﻋﻠ
،ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻤﺎﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ
ﻭﺇﻏﻤﺎﻫﻮﻟﻐﻠﺒﺔﻫﻮﻯﻟﻢﻳﻜﻦﻟﻪﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻤﺎﻓﻲ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻑﺑﻼ:ﻣﺒﺮﺭﻟﻮ«
ﻣﻨﻌﻪﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩﻣﻦﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻜﺎ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦﻳﻠﻔﻨﻪﻓﻴﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ؛ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﻠﺰﻣﻚﺃﻥﺗﻄﻴﻌﻪ
ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ
ﻟﻢﻳﺬﻛﺮﻣﺒﺮﺭﺍﺕ،ﻟﺬﻟﻚﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﻠﺰﻣﻚ
ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ"»ﻟﻚ .
ﻓﻲﺃﻣﺮﻟﻴﺲﻓﻴﻪﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ،ﻟﻪﻭﻓﻴﻪﺗﻔﻮﻳﺖ
ﻓﻲﻃﻼﻕ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻣﺤﺮﻡﺑﻞﻣﻦﻛﺒﺎﺋﺮ،ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏﻭﻟﻜﻦ
ﻋﻘﻮﻗﻬﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ،ﻭﺍﺟﺐﻭﺃﻥ
ﻻﺷﻚﺃﻥ ﺑﺮ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟ
ﻓﺘﻜﺮ ﺔ
ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻩ
، ﻣﺤﺒﺔ
ﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎ
ﻏﻴﺮﺓﺇﺫﺍﺭﺃﺕﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ
ﺑﻌﺾﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎﻳﻘﻊﻣﻦ
ﺑﺎﻹﻓﺴﺎﺩﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻭﺑﻴﻦﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﺗﺼﺮﺡ:ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ ﺇﻣﺎ
ﻭﺗﺴﻌﻰ
ﻳﻔﺎﺭﻗﻬﺎﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻭﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝﺃﻥ
ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺇﻣﺎ .ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻚ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖﺑﻴﻦﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ :
ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻻﺑﺪﻣﻦ
- -٩٢
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ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ،ﻭﻳﺤﺴﻦﺑﺎﻻﺑﻦﻫﻨﺎﺃﻥﻳﺘﺤﺮﻯﻫﻞﻭﺍﻟـﺪﺍﻩﻣﺘﺄﻛﺪﺍﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺘﺄﻛﺪﻳﻦ ؛
ﻳﻈﻨﺎﺃﻥ
ﺷﻔﻘﺘﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻻﺑﻦ ﻥ
ﻳﺴﻤﻌﺎﺷﻴﻨﺎﻭﻣﻦﺷﺪﺓ
ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀﻳﻮﺟﺐﻃﻼﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ؛ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻳﺘﺄﻛﺪﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮﻣﺎﻫﻮ
ﻫﺬﺍ
"".ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ
.ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺣﻖ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ:
ﺑﻘﻮﻟ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ،ﻟﻬﻤﺎﻭﻫﻮﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻣﻦﺃﻋﻈﻢ
ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰ
ﻗﻀﺎﺩﻳﻨﻴﺎ
ﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺀ
ﻫﺬﻩﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻗﻀ
ﻓﻔﻲ
ﺇﺣﺴﺘﺎﻩ
ﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮ
ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻭﺍﺇﻻﺇﻳﺎﻩ
ﻭﻗﻀﺊﺭﺑﻚﺃﻻ
ﻲﻤﺎﻣ ﻮ
ﻫ ﻗﻮﻟ ﻭﻓﻌﻠ
ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ؛ ﻲ
ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﻫﺬﺍﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻌﻢﻛﻞ
ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺎ
ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺃﻣﺮﺍ
ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ""".ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ
ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺘ
ﺑﻤﻳﺸﻌﺮﺑﻌﻠﻮ ﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪﻤﺎ
ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻓﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﻓﻲﺍﻵﻳﺔ
ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ
ﻭﻗﺪﺟﺎﺀ
""".ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ
ﻭﻟﺰﻭﻡ
ﻰ
ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ،ﺗﺮﻛﻪﻓﻤﻦﺗﺮﻙﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻟ
ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﻓﻌ
"،ﻦ
ﺃﺳﺎﺀﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻓﻘﺪﺃﺗﻰﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓﻣﻦﺃﻣﻬﺎﺕ"ﺍﻟﻜﺒـﺎﺋﺮﺍ
ﻣﻘﺘﺮﻓﺎ،ﺇﺛﻤﺎﺃﻣﺎﻣﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪﻛﺎﻥ
ﻕ
ﺃﻧﺲ ،ﺗﻲ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺳﺌﻞﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻚ ﻋﻦ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ :ﻗﺎﻝﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻙ(،ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﻋﻘﻮ
ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ ﻧﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺏ ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ /٢)، (١٩ﻭﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ )/٣٢). (٢٠ (١
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ . )١
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٤٥٦).
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ ٢
): ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ،ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐﻟﻠﺮﺍﺯﻱ(٢٠/٣٢٢).
ﻧﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ (٤٥٦). )(٤
ﺍ4
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
» ﻋﻘﻮ«
ﻕ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻭﻗﺘﻞ،ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲﻭﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ")ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ،ﻓﻌﺪﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺷﺖ
ﻣﻦﺑﻴﻦﺃﻣﻬﺎﺕ.ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ
:ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻡ ﻛﻞﻓﻌﻞﻳﺘﺄﺫﻯ ﺑﻪﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻕ
ﻗﺎﻝﺃﺑﻮﻋﻤﺮﻭﺑﻦﺍﻟﺼﻼﺡﻳﻠﻠﻔﻪ :
"".ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ
ﺑﺎﻟﻬﻴﻦﻣﻊﻛﻮﻧﻪﻟﻴﺲﻣﻦ
ﻧﺤﻮﻩﺗﺄﺫﻳﺎﻟﻴﺲ
ﺑـﺎﻟﻨﻬ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻦ
ﻓﻌ ﻋﻘﻮﻕ«»ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ﻲ
ﻏﻴﺨﺚ
ﻭﻓﻲﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺁﺧﺮﺧﺺﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻘﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﻦﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﺗﻴﻪ : ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻗﺎﻝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ:ﻏﻴﺘﻴﺔﺇﻥ(ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺣﺮﻡ:ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻕ
ﺣﺮﻣﺘﻬ
ﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺭﻋﻠﻰﺫﻛﺮﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕﻫﻨﺎﺭﺍﺟﻊﻟﻌﻈﻢ،ﺣﻘﻬﻦﻭﻷﻥ )،ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ
ﺍﻛﺪﻣﻦﺣﺮﻣﺔ ".ﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﻣﻦﻭﺟﻮﻩ
ﺍﺣﺬﻫ
ﺍﻟﺤﺤﺒ ﻤﺎ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﺮ
ﻳﺒﻠﻐ ﻙ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻣﺎ ﻦ
:ﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻄﻒﻋﻨﺪ
- ١
٣)،؟
ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ(:ﺗﻨﺒﺮﻫﻤﺎﻭﻗﻞﻟﻬﻤﺎﻗﻮﻻ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺎ
ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎﻓﺘﻼﺗﻘﻞﺧﻤﺎﺍﻱﻭﻻ
ﺃ
ﻓﻘﺪ ﺩﻟﺖ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏﺍﻟﺘﻠﻄﻒ ﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
ﺍﻷﺩﺏﻭﺍﻟﺮﻓﻖ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻛﺒﺮﻫﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺿﻌﻔﻬﻤﺎ ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺏ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪ ) (١ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ،ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻞﻓﻲﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺭ ﺭﻗﻢ
،ﻭﺃﻛﺒﺮﻫﺎﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٨٨).
ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺑﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
(٢٦٥٣)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(٢/٨٧).
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
) (٣ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻋﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ،ﺣﺎﺟﺔﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻷﻗﻀﻴﺔ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦﻛﺜﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
(٥٩٧٥)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ)(١٢/١٢
): (٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
-ﺃﻩ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺃﻑ(
ﻛﻜﻠﻤ )
ﻳﺴﻴﺮ ﺔ
،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﻟﻮﻛﺎﻥﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺓ
ﻳﺴﻲﺀ
ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥﻋﻦﻛﻞﻣﺎ
ﺣﻔﻆ
ﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺎﻣ
ﻧﻬ ﻦ
ﺣﺮﻭﻓ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔﻣﻊﻗﻠﺔ ﻬﺎ
ﻫﺬﻩﻓﺎﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ
،ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺠﺮ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔﻋﻠﻰ
.ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﻣﻤﺎﻗﻞﺃﻭﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ
ﻳﺴﻴﺊﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ
ﺒﺔ"ﺃﺑﺎ
ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻇﻬﻢﻋﻨﺪﻣﺨﺎﻃ
ﻭﻣﻦﺛﻢﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﺃﻥﻳﺘﺨﻴﺮﻭﺍ
ﺑـﻴ
ﻓﻴﻨﺘﻘﻮﺍﺃﺟﻤﻞﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕﻭﺃﻟﻄﻒ،ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻊﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡﺧﻔﺾﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻦ
.ﺎ
ﻟﻤﻘﺎﻣﻬﻤ
ﻭﺇﻛﺒﺎﺭﺍ
ﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎﻭﺇﺟﻼﻻ
ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢ ؛ﺃﺩﺑﺎ
ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻛﻞﻣﺎ ﻳﺆﺩ
ﻱ ﻳﺠﺘﻨﺐ
ﻦﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥﻣﻊﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳ
ﺣﻔﻆ ﻓﻲﺗﻤﺎﻡﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻣﻊ ﻱ
ﺫﻭ ﻆ ﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺒﻴﺔﻭﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﻔ
ﺳﺒﻴﻞ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﻟﻮ
ﺍﻹﺳﺎﺀﺓ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳ
ﺇﻟـﻴﻬﺳﺒﻮﺍ ﻪ
ﺃﺳﺎﺀ ﻢﻣﻌﻬﻢﺃﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ
ﻣﻤﻦﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻗﺔﻣﻦ
ﻥ
ﻢ ﻳﻜﻮ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﻷﻥﺳﺐﻫﺆﻻﺀﺃﻭﻣﺸﺎﺣﻨﺘﻬ
ﻭﺫﻭﻳﻪﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀﺃﻭﻋﻠﻰﺳﺒﻴﻞ
ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖﻏﻴﺮ،ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﺪﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻗﺖ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻟﻺﺳﺎﺀﺓﺇﻟﻰ
ﺳﺒﺒﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻳﻜﺔ:ﺇﻥ(ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮﺷﺘﻢﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ :ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻳﺎﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻞﻳﺸﺘﻢﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ؟:ﻗﺎﻝ ،ﻧﻌﻢ ﻳﺲ
")ﺃﻣﻪ .
ﻓﻴﺴﺐ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﺃﺑﺎﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻓﻴﺴﺐ،ﺃﺑﺎﻩﻭﻳﺴﺐﺃﻣﻪ
٢ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊﺑﻴﻦ :ﻳﺪﻳﻬﻤﺎﻣﻦﻭﺟﻮﻩﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰ:ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ«ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺬﻟﻞ
)، ٢٤ ﺍﺀ،
ﺍﻟﺬﻟﻲﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﺍﻹﺳﺮ(
ﻭﺍﺧﻔﺾﻟﻬﻤﺎﺟﻨﺎﺡ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
»ﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻚ
ﺫﻟ ﻦ،ﻭﺑﻴﻨﺖﺃﻥ ﻝ
ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ
ﻭﺟﻮﺏﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٩٠).
،ﻭﺃﻛﺒﺮﻫﺎﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺑﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ،ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
-ﺩﻭ -
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿ
ﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ،ﺑﻬﻤﺎﻭﺫﻟﻚﺑﺄﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺒﺔﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﺻﺪﻭﺭﻩﻋﻦ
ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘ ﻻ
ﺻﺪ ﻲﻭﻧﺤﻮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ
ﻓﻲ ، ﺍﻟﻄﻤﻊ
ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻡﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺨﻮﻑﻣﻦ
ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍﻋﻦ
ﻳﺆﺟﺮﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ"".ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ
ﻭﺍﺟ ،
ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﺐ
ﻭﺣﺴﻦ
ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺎﺡ
ﻭﺧﻔﺾ
ﻦﻟﻚ
ﺗﺸﺮﻟﻚﻯﻣﺎﻟﻴﺴ
ﻋﻠﻦﺃﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻥﺟﻬﺪﺍﻟﻚ
،ﻛﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﻭﻟﻮﻛﺎﻧﺎ
ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ(١٥)،ﻓﻘﺪﻧﻬﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔ
: ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻓﺎ ﻩ
ﻓﻰﺍﻟﺪﺗﻴﺎ
ﻭﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﻤﺎ
ﺗﻄﻌﻬﻤﺎ
ﻳﻬﻪﻋﻠﻢﻓﻼ
ﻓﻴﻤ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥﻳﺸﺮﻙ ﻪ
ﻋﻦﻃﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦﺟﺎﻫﺪﺍﺍﺑﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﺣﺴ ﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻟﺰﻭﻡﺍﻟﺒﺮ ﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ
ﻭﺃﻭﺟﺒﺖ
،ﻓﺤﺴﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ
ﻳﺨﺺ
ﺏ
ﻭﺍﻷﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿ
ﻊ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺒﺮ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻓﻴﻤﺎﻋﺪﺍﻩ؛ﻓﺪﻟﺖﺑﺬﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﺣﻖ
ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮ ﻏﻴﺘ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻫﺪﻋﻠﻰ"،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙﻭﻫﺬﺍﻣﺎﺃﻛﺪﻩ ﻝ
ﺓ ﻻﺯﻡﻭﻟﻮﻣﻊﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ
ﻣﺸ " ،
ﻭﻫ ﺮ
ﻓﻌﻦﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻨﺖﺃﺑﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺗﺬﻩ:ﻗﺎﻟﺖﻗﺪﻣﺖ(،ﺃﻣﻲ ﻲ
""ﺭﺍﻏﺒﻪ
، ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﺘﻴﺖﺭﺳﻮﻝ ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﺇﻥﺃﻣﻲﻗﺪﻣﺖﻋﻠﻲ ﻲ
ﻭﻫ
ﺃﻓﺎﺻﻠﻬﺎ؟ﻗﺎﻝ،:ﻧﻌﻢﺻﻠﻲ)ﺃﻣﻚ .
( )٤
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٤٥٦). ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
ﻟﻠﺸﻨﻘﻴﻄﻲ(٨/٩٦).
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ:ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﺃﺿﻮﺍﺀ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﺟﺔ.ﺇﻟﻴﻪ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔﻲﻓ ﺐ
ﻏﺮﻳ ﻣﻤﺎﻫﻲ
ﻭﺗﺴﺄﻟﻨﻲﺷﻴﺌﺎ
،ﻋﻨﺪﻱ
ﻭﺻﻠﺘﻲﻭﻣﺎ
ﻓﻲﺑﺮﻱ
ﺭﺍﻏﺒﺔ
):(٣ﺭﺍﻏﺒﺔﺃﻱ
/٢٣٧). ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ،ﺃﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻬﺎ،ﺯﻭﺝﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺻﻠﺔ
) (٤ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﺑﻴﻦ ،ﻭﻟﻮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﺑﺎﺏﻓﻀﻞﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
(٥٩٧٩)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍﻣﺸﺮﻛﻴﻦ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٠٠٣).
- ٩٦
ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎ«ﻟﻬﻤﺎﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎ
ﺀ ﺀ :ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰ
٣ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ:ﻟﻬﻤﺎﻣﻦﻭﺟﻮﻩ
ﺃﺭﺣﻤﻬ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﻭﻗﻞﺭﺕ ﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ:ﻭﺍﺧﻔﺾﻟﻬﻤﺎﺟﺘﺎﺡﺍﻟﺬﻝﻣﻦ
»،ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔﻳﻘﻮﻝ
ﻦ
ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳ :ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ(٢٠)،ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰﻓﻀﻞ ﺀ
ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺍﻩ
ﻛﻤﺎﺭﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻦ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺕﻭﺧﺼﺖﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﺑﺎﻟﺬﻛﺮﻟﻴﺘﺬﻛﺮﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪﺷﻔﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﻳ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
ﻭﺗﻌﺒﻬﻤﺎﻓﻲﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻪﻭﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡﺑﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻪ ﺣﺎﻝﺻﻐﺮﻩﻭﻋﺪﻡ ،ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻛﻪﻓﻴﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻡ"ﺫﻟﻚ،
ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀﻟﻬﻤﺎﻭﻟﺰﻭ
ﻓﻲﻭﺇﺧﻼﺻﺎ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﺣﻨﺎﻧﺎ
ﺇﺷﻔﺎﻗﺎﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻓﻘﺪﺟﻌﻞﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻴﺘﻴﻪﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻓﻲﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺎﺕﻋﻼﻣﺔﻣﻦﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺻﻼﺡﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺓﺓ :ﺇﺫﺍ( ﻣﺎﺕ
ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊﻋﻤﻠﻪ ﺇﻻﻣﻦ :ﺛﻼﺙﺻﺪﻗﺔ ،ﺟﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﻔﻊ ﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻭﻟﺪ
ﺍﺭ ﻪ
ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻲﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ
ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﻟﻠﻮﻟﺪ ﻓ
ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ
ﻏﺎﺗﻒﺫﻛﺮﻩ
ﻓﻔﻲﺻﺎﺥﻳﺪﻋﻮ )ﻟﻪ ،
ﻳﺒﻟﻪ
ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻓﻠﻢ ﻖ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺦﻗﺪ ﻊ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻷﻥﻋﻤﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲﺃﺷﺪ
ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔﺃﻧﻪ
ﻷﺑﻴﻪ
"ﻋﻠﺠﻴﻲ .
ﺇﻻﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪﻣﻤﺎﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﻰﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪﺷﻜﺮﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻭﻗﺮﻧﻪ،ﺑﺸﻜﺮﻩ
ﺷﻜﺮﻫﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ:ﻗﺪﻣﺎ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ
٤
ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ(: ١٤).ﺃﻱ ﺍﺷﻜﺮ ﻲﻟ
: :ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺗﻜﺮﻟﻰﻭﻟﻮﻟﺪﻳﻚﺇﻟﻦﻟﻤﺼﻴﺮﻩ
ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰﻧﻌﻤﻲ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎ ،ﺇﻳﺎﻙ ﻭﻋﻼﺟﻬﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻚ ﻣﺎﻋﺎﻟﺠﺎ
ﻣﺼﻴﺮﻙﺇﻟﻲﻷﺳﺄﻟﻚﻋﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦ ﻙ
ﺷﻜﺮ .ﻗﻮﺍﻙﻭﺇﻥ
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻘﺔﺣﺘﻰ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(١٠/٢٤٤).
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٤٦٥)،
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
: ) (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
: (١٣٧٦).ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ :ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩ )(٢
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ(٤٥).
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢﺍﻷﺩﺏ
ﺣﺴﻦ،ﺻﺤﻴﺢﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﺭﻛﻔﻮﺭﻱ (٤/٥٢٢).
ﻣﺤﻔﺔﺍﻷﺣﻮﺫﻱ،
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ٣
__AY
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ ﺇﻥﺷﻜﺮﺕ،
ﻟﻲﻭﻋﻤﺎﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﺷﻜﺮﻙ،ﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻚﻓﺄﺛﻴﺒﻚ
ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺰﺍﺀﺍﻟﻮﺑﻴﻞﺇﻥ""ﻛﻔﺮﺕ
ﻭﺃﺟﺎﺯﻳﻚ
ﻲ
ﻓﻬ ﺍﻟﺘ
ﺃﻭﺟﺐ ﻲ
، ﻓﻲﺣﻖﺍﻷﻡ
ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ،ﻣﻌﺎ ﺇﻻﺃﻧﻪ
ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥ
،ﺣﻤﻠﺖ،ﻭﻭﺿﻌﺖ،ﻭﺃﺭﺿﻌﺖﻭﺭﻋﺖ؛ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚﻗﺪﻣﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ " ﺣﻴﻦ
ﺑﺤﺴﻦﺍﻟﺼﺤﺒﺔ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ،ﺃﻣﻚ( :ﻗﺎﻝ ﺛﻢﻣﻦ؟ﻗﺎﻝ:ﺳﺌﻞﻋﻦﺃﺣﻖﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
:ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ).ﺃﺑﻮﻙ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲ)،ﺃﻣﻚﻭﻛﺮﺭﻫﺎﺛﻼﺙ،ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﺛﻢﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻷﻭﻻ
ﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩﺍ ﺃﻭﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ:ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎﺗﺠﺐ
ﻩ -
ﻣﺤﺘﺎﺟﻴﻦ ؛ ﻷﻥﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻦﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ
ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻋﺎﺟﺰﻳﻦ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔﺍﻻﺑﻦﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﻫﻲﺗﺠﺐﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻘﺪﺭﻣﺎﻳﻜﻔﻴﻬﻤﺎﻭﺣﺴﺐ
ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻔﻣﻤﺎﺍﺛﻨﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ
،ﺭﺯﻗﻪ ﻖ
،ﺳﻌﻴﻪﻭﻣﻦﻗﺪﺭﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺳﻌﺔﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﻨﻔﻖﺫﻭ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
:ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ()). ٧
ﺗﻘﺴﺎﺇﻻﻣﺎﺍﺗﻨﻬﺎ«
ﻳﻜﻠﻒﺍﻟﻠﻪ
.ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺑﻌﺪ
:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ ﺑﺮ
ﻣﻤﺘﺪﺑﻌﺪ،ﻭﻓﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎﻭﻣﻦﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻏﻴﺮﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﻋﻠﻰ،ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻞ
ﺑﺮ
ﺗﺘﺄﻛﺪﻟﻬﻤﺎﺑﻌﺪ:ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ :
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٦٤٨).
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺟﺎﻣﻊ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥﻟﻠﻄﺒﺮﻱ(٢٠/١٣٨)،ﻭﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
ﻳﺤﺴﻦ،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺒﺔ؟ ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﺃﺣﻖﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ )٢
ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ:ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦﺑﺎﺯ(١٤/١٩٩).
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )(٣
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ)(٣/٢١٧
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦﻻﺑﻦ
ﺭﻳﺎﺽ( ) ٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ
-
-ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ .ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ
.ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﻢ
ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻮﺍﻝ
ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺑﻬﻤﺎﻣﻦﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻡ
ﺻﻠﺔ
.ﻭﺻﺪﺍﻗﺔﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺻﻠﺔﺃﻫﻞ ﻭﻣﺤﺒﺔ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺃﻟﻔﺔ
ﻣﻤﻦﺑﻴﻨﻪﻭﺑﻴﻦ
:ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻬﻤﺎ
-ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻡ
:ﺷﻴﺘﻴﻲﺇﻥ(ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮ
ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺇﻟﻰﻣﻦﻛﺎﻥﺃﺣﺴﻦ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ،ﻭﺩﻫﻤﺎ
ﺻﻠﺔﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪﻭﺩﺃﺑﻴﻪﺑﻌﺪﺃﻥ)".ﻳﻮﻟﻲ
-ﺍﻟﺤﺞﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎﺇﻥﻟﻢ،ﻳﺤﺠﺎﻓﻘﺪﺟﺎﺀﺕﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﻏﻴﺜﻲﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ :ﺇﻥ(ﺃﻣﻲ
ﻧﺬﺭﺕﺃﻥﺗﺤﺞﻓﻠﻢﺗﺤﺞﺣﺘﻰ،ﻣﺎﺗﺖﺃﻓﺄﺣﺞﻋﻨﻬﺎ؟:ﻗﺎﻝﻧﻌﻢﺣﺠﻲ)".ﻋﻨﻬﺎ
-ﺇﻫﺪﺍﺅﻫﻤﺎﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲﻭﺭﺩﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺇﻫﺪﺍﺋﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺖ ،
ﺝﻋﻨﻪﻣﻴﺘﺎﺃﻭ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺓﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺤﺠﻮ
ﻭﻗﻀﺎﺀ،ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻭﺍﻟﺤﺞ
،ﻛﺎﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ
،ﻋﺎﺟﺰﺍ ﻟﻜﺒﺮ،ﺳﻨﻪ ﺃﻭﻣﺮﺽ ﻻﻳﺮﺟﻰﺑﺮﺅﻩ .
ﻭ ﻫﻲﻫﻲ
)ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮ
ﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖﺑﻌﺾﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ
ﻓﻲﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ:ﻳﻘﺘﺮﺡ(ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡﺑﻌﻤﻞ
ﻧﺸﺎﻁ
ﻭﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺫﻟﻠﻚ .
-ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﺓﻭﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎﺑﺎﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ.ﻭﺃﺩﺏ
ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻗﻬﻤﺎ
. ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻝﻳﺬﻛﺮ
ﻭﺿﻊﺭﻣﺰﺃﻭﻋﻤﻞﻧﻐﻤﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺀﺍﻷﺏﻭﺍﻷﻡ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ،ﺑﺎﺏﻓﻀﻞﺻﻠﺔ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﺒﺮ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
—_qq
.ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺗﻊ
ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻭﺇﻳﻨﺎﺳﻬﻤﺎ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ
-ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻮﺱﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﻣﻊ
-ﻗﻀﺎﺀﻋﻤﻞﻃﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﻨﻚ،ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﻣﻦﺩﻭﻥﺗﻤﻨﻦ ﺃﻭ.ﺃﺫﻯ
ﻓﻲﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺜﻠﺚ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻵﺫﺍﻥ
-ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ،ﻭﻓﻲﻳﻮﻡ،ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔﻭﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝ.ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻮﺩ
-ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝﻭﻓﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﻭﻓﺎﺓﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ؛ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡﺑﻌﻤﻞﻋﺒﺎﺩﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ
.ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ
ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔﻛﺎﻟﻌﻤﺮﺓﻭﺍﻟﺤﺞﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ
٠٠
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٨
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ،ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
-ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊﺑﻌﺪﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻓﻲ.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ
-
ﻓﻲ.ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
٢-ﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ
ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ.ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺀ
٣-
ﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴ
ﺣﺴ ،ﺔ ﻟﻴﺤﻔﻆﻟﻬﻢﺑﻬﺎ ﻦ
،ﺣﻘﻮﻗﺎ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩﻋﻠﻰ
ﺭﺗﺐ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎ
،ﺑﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﻬﻢﻗﺎﺩﺭﻳﻦﻋﻠﻰ ﻡ
ﻣﺆﻫﻠﻴﻦﻟﻠﻨﻬﻮﺽ ﻭﺻﻼﺡ،ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺄﺓﻟﻴﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ،ﺩﻳﻨﻬﻢﻭﻣﻦﺃﺑﺮﺯ
ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻬﻢ.
ﻑ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎﺀ .ﺣﺴﻨﺔ
ﻭﻣﻌﻨ،
ﻟﻔﻈ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎ ﺎ
ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻝﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﺍﻟﻪﺍﺳﻤﺎﺣﺴﻨﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪﺃﻥ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻖﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﻓﻤﻦ
ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔ
ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺃﻭ ،ﺎ
ﻳﺠﻌﻼﻟﻪﺍﺳﻤﺎ ﺍ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺭﻭﺃﻥ ﻻ
ﺍﻟﻌﻔﺔ
ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺔﺗﻀﻴﻒﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﻳﻜﻨﻴﺎﻩﻛﻨﻴﺔ
ﻭﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨ
ﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎ
ﺀ ﺓﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ ،ﻟﺬﺍﻛﺎﻥﻣﻦﻫﺪﻱﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻠﻸﺳﻤﺎﺀﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺗﻔﻴﻴﺮﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ.ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻴﺤﺔ
ﻋﻜ،
ﺭﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺔ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﻝ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺬﺭﺑﻦﺃﺑﻲﺃﺳﻴﺪ
ﺳﻌﺪ ﻳﻲ:،ﻗﺎﻝﺃﺗﻲ(
ﺳﻬﻞﺑﻦ
ﻓﻌﻦ
ﺀ
ﻓﻮﺿﻌﻪﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺗﻜﺔﻋﻠﻰ،ﻓﺨﺬﻩ ﻭﺃﺑﻮﺃﺳﻴﺪ،ﺟﺎﻟﺲﻓﻠﻬﻰﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺓﺑﺸﻲ ﺣﻴﻦﻭﻟﺪ
"ﻓﺎﻗﻠﺒﻮﻩ
) ﻓﺎﺣﺘﻤﻞﻣﻦﻋﻠﻰﻓﺨﺬﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻜﺔ ،ﺑﻴﻦ،ﻳﺪﻳﻪﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺃﺑﻮﺃﺳﻴﺪﺑﺎﺑﻨﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻝ .ﺍﻟﺼﺒﻲ؟ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺃﺑﻮ:ﺃﺳﻴﺪ،ﺃﻗﻠﺒﻨﺎﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﻏﺜﻲ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺃﻳﻦ
ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﺎﻕ
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻣﺎﺍﺳﻤﻪ؟ :ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﻼﻥ ،ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻻ ،ﻭﻟﻜﻦﺍﺳﻤﻪ،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺬﺭ ﻓﺴﻤﺎﻩ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ
ﻭﺳﻤﺎ ﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺬ
ﻏﺘﺠ ﻩ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻲ
ﻓﻐﻴﺮﻩ
ﺣﺴﻦﺍﺳﻤﺎﻏﻴﺮ
ﺳﻤﺎﻩ
ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ
ﻓﻜﺄﻥﻭﺍﻟﺪ
)"".ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺬﺭ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥﻟﻪﻋﻠﻢﻳﻨﺬﺭ".ﺑﻬﺎ
ﺗﻔﺎﺅﻻﺃﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺎﺝﻟﻠﻨﻮﻭﻱ(١٤/١٢٨).
.ﻭﺻﺮﻓﻮﻩ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ: ) (١ﺃﻱﺭﺩﻭﻩ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞﺍﻻﺳﻢﺇﻟﻰﺍﺳﻢﺃﺣﺴﻦ،ﻣﻨﻪﺭﻗﻢ ) ٢ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٦١٩١)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺍﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎﺏﺗﺤﻨﻴﻚ،ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟﻮﺩ ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(١٠/٥٧٦). ٣
- ١٠٣
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻜﻲﻏﻴﺮﺍﺳﻢﻋﺎﺻﻴﺔ:ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﺖ(
ﻭﻋﻦﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﺑﻦﻋﻤﺮﺑﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻥ
١
)ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ .
.ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻓﻔﺆ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺣﻖ
ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ -ﻥ
ﻳﻮﻟﺪﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ«؛«ﻷﻧﻬﻢ -
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺔﻟﻸﺑﻨﺎﺀﻋﻠﻰﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ
ﻣﻦ
ﻗﺪ
ﻭﻣ ﺭ
ﺳﻌﻴ ﻦ
ﻟﻴﻨﻔﻖﺫﻭﺳﻌﻮﻣﻦ ﻪ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ
ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ
،ﺷﺮﻋﺎ
ﻭﻫﻲﺣﻖﺛﺎﺑﺖ
ﻭﻻﻣﺎﻝ،ﻟﻬﻢ
ﻟﻴﻨﻔ«ﻋﻠﻰ ﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻟ :ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ( )٧ﻗﺎﻝﺍﺑﻦﻛﺜﻴﺮ:ﻫﻠﻜﻪ ﻖ
ﺍﺗﻨﻪ« ﻟﻠﻬﻪ
ﻓﻠﻴﻨﻔﻖﻣﻤﺎ
ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﺯﻗﻪ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ،ﻭﻟﻴﻪﺑﺤﺴﺐ»ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ .
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ( ٢٣٣)،ﺪ
ﻓﻘ ﻭﻛﺘﻮﺟﻦﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﻭﻑ :ﺓ
ﺭﺯﻗﻬﻦ
ﺁﻟﺆﻟﻮﺩﻟﻬﺮ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﺒ
ﻲ ﺃﻭﺟﺒﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻋﻠﻰﺃﻡ،ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻷﻧﻬﺎﻃﺮﻳﻖﻭﺻﻮﻝﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻗﺎﻝ
ﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻟﻀﻌﻔﻪ،ﻭﻋﺠﺰﻩ ﻭﺳﻤﺎ
ﻓﻲ«ﻫﺬﺍﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰﻭﺟﻮﺏﻧﻔﻘﺔﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ
ﻟﻔﻈﻪ :
»".ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ
ﻓﻲﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀﻳﺼﻞﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪﻟﻸﻡ،ﻷﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝﺗﻜﻮﻥﺑﻘﺪﺭ،ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻟﻮﺗﻌﺪﺩﻭﺍﻭﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﺖﺣﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﻢ
ﻭﻣﺤﺴﺐ.ﺣﺎﻟﻪ
ﻭﺟﺐﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﺑﻘﺪﺭﺣﺎﺟﺔﻛﻞﻣﻨﻬﻢ
ﻳﻌﻄ ﻛﻞ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﺃﻥ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ«ﺑـﻴﻦﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻳﻠﻠﻨﻪ :
ﻟﻠﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ
، ﻧﻔﻘﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝﺇﻟﻰ
ﻓﻲ ﺱ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻨﻬﻢﻣﺎ،ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝﻓﺈﺫﺍﻓﺮﺿﻨﺎﺃﻥ
ﻭﺃﻗﻼﻡﻭﺣﺒﺮﻭﻣﺎﺃﺷﺒﻪ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻫﻮ ﺃﻛﺒﺮﻣﻨﻪﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻﻳﺪﺭﺱ ،ﺍ
ﻓـﺈﺫ ﻛﺘﺐﻭﺩﻓﺎﺗﺮ
ﻭﻃﺎﻗﻴ
ﺔ ﻳﻌﻄﻲﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ،ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭﻟﻮﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﺇﻟﻰﻏﺘﺮﺓ
ﺃﻋﻄﻰﺍﻷﻭﻝﻟﻢﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺃﻥ
ﺍﻵﺫﺍﻥﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎﺃﻟﻒﺭﻳﺎﻝ،
ﻓﻲ ﺧﺮﺻﺎﻥ
ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﻤﺎﻣﺎﺋﺔﺭﻳﺎﻝﻣﺜﻼ،ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺎﺟﺖﺍﻷﻧﺜﻰﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺻﺎﺑﺄﻟﻒ
ﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﻴﺔﺑﻤﺎﺋﺔ،ﺭﻳﺎﻝﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱﻟﻸﻧﺜﻰ
ﻓﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝﺃﻥﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ ﻟﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﻐﺘﺮﺓ
ﺇﻟ
ﺃﺿﻌﺎﻑﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﻋﺸﺮ،ﻣﺮﺍﺕﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ،ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻟﻮﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻰ
،ﺭﻳﺎﻝﻭﻫﻲ
ﻳﻌﻄ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،
ﻳﻌﻄﻲﻣﻦﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞ ﻭﻻ ﻲ
ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺞﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻻ،ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝﻓﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝﺃﻥ
ﻥﻟﻪ
ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﻐﻠﻂﺃﻥﺑﻌﺾﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻳﺰﻭﺝﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﺑﻠﻐﻮﺍﺳﻦ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻭﻳﻜﻮ
ﻓﻲ:ﻭﺻﻴﺘﻪﺇﻧﻲﺃﻭﺻﻴﺖﻷﻭﻻﺩﻱﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﻟﻢ،ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺟﻮﺍﺃﻥﻳﺰﻭﺝ
ﺃﻭﻻﺩ،ﺻﻐﺎﺭﻓﻴﻜﺘﺐ
ﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ،ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺚ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯ؛ ﻷﻥﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏﺩﻓﻊﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺎﺕ ،
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ١٦٣).(٣/
)(١ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
. ١٠٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻟﻠﻮﺭﺛﺔـﺄﻳﻀﺎ ـﻥﺃ
،ﺣﺮﺍﻡﻭﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯ
ﻓﺎﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔﻟﻬﻢ
،ﺍﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺞ
ﻳﺒﻠﻐﻮﺍﺳﻦ
ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﺔ .
ﻟﺤﻘﻪﻣﻦ »
)١
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪﻣﻨﻬﻢﺇﺫﺍﺳﻤﺢ،ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻼﺑﺄﺱ
ﻳﻨﻔﺬﻭﻫﺎ ﺇﻻﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻷﻭﻻﺩﻩ،ﻭﺃﻧﻪﺇﺫﺍﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊﺟﺎﺯﻟﻸﻡﺃﻥﺗﺄﺧﺬ
ﻭﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﺃﻥﻳﻤﺘﻨﻊﻋﻦﺃﺩﺍﺀ
ﻣﻦﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻮﺑﺪﻭﻥﻋﻠﻤﻪﺑﻘﺪﺭﻣﺎﻳﻜﻔﻴﻬﺎ""ﻭﻭﻟﺪﻫﺎﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻏﻲ ﻟﻬﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﺔ :
٣
)ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺧﺬﻱ( ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻚﻭﻭﻟﺪﻙ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔﺑﺎﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻭﻻﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻘﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀ ،ﺇﺫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﺓ
، ﻭﻳﺤﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎﺣﺘﻰﻳﺪﺧﺮﻭﺍﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻜﻔﻴﻬﻢﺑﻌﺪ
ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻬﻢ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢﺃﻥﻳﺼﻮﻧﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟـﻮﺩﺍ
ﻳﻌﻮﺩﻧﻲﻋﺎﻡﺣﺠﺔ ﻉ
ﻭﻗﺎﺹ ﺗﻖ :،ﻗﺎﻝﻛﺎﻥ(ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺓ
ﻓﻌﻦﺳﻌﺪﺑﻦﺃﺑﻲ
ﺍﺑﻨ ،
ﻣﻦﻭﺟﻊﺍﺷﺘﺪﺑﻲ :،ﻓﻘﻠﺖﺇﻧﻲﻗﺪﺑﻠﻎﺑﻲﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﺟﻊﻭﺃﻧﺎﺫﻭ،ﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﻻﻳﺮﺛﻨﻲ ﺇﻻ ﺔ
:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻻ ،ﺛﻢ:ﻗﺎﻝ،ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺚ
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻄﺮ
؟ ﺃﻓﺄﺗﺼﺪﻕﺑﺜﻠﺜﻲﻣﺎﻟﻲ؟:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻻ:،ﻓﻘﻠﺖ
ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻠﺚ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ -ﺃﻭ -ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺇﻧﻚﺃﻥ ﺗﺬﺭ ﻭﺭﺛﺘﻚ،ﺃﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ ﺧﻴﺮﻣﻦﺃﻥﺗﺬﺭﻫﻢﻋﺎﻟﺔ
"".ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺛﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻘﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺣﺚﻋﻠﻰ
ﻳﺘﻜﻔﻔﻮﻥ ")،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﺍ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١١/٨٠).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ )/١٦٦). (٢١ (١ )(٢
- -١٠٦
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﺝ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺣﻖ
ﻭﻫﻮﺣﻖ ﻋﺎﻡﻳﺸﻤﻞﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ،ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻘﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ،
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ(:
)٦ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺯ
ﺓﻩ ﻭﻗﻮﺩﻫﺎﺍﻟﻨﺎﻡ
ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻴﺮﻧﺎﺭﺍ
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ،ﺍﻣﻨﻮﺍﻗﻮﺍﺃﻧﻔﺴﺮ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﺄﻳﻬﺎ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻳﻘﻴﻬﻢﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏﻳﻮﻡ،ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢﺑﻤﺎ
ﻭﺟﻮﺏﺗﻌﻬﺪﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀ
ﻓﺪﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰ
"ﺍﻟﻠﻪ .
ﻭﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭﻫﻢﻋﻠﻰﺃﻣﺮ
،ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ
ﺑﺘﺄﺩﻳﺒﻬﻢ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻣﺎﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﻢﻋﻠﻴﻪﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻰ :
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔﻣﻦ ﺃﻫ
ﻢ :ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ
ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ
١
ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻭﻗﺪ
ﻝ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫﻢ؛ﺣﺘﻰﻳﺸﺐﻳﺘﻌﺎﻫﺪﺑﻬﺎﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀ
ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲﺃﻥ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻓﻄﺮﻫﻢ.ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺠﺖﻣﻊ
ﺛﺒﺘﺖﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪﻓﻲﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻢ
ﺓ
ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫﻢﺃﺻﻮﻝﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪ
ﻳﻌﺘﻨﻮﻥﺑﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﻣﻢ
ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻮﻥ
ﻭﻗﺪﻛﺎﻥ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻻﺑﻨﻪﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺤﺬﺭﻣﻦﺍﻹﺷﺮﺍﻙ ﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠ
ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻪﻋﻠﻰﺇﺧﻼﺹﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪﻟﻠﻪ،ﻧﺠﺘﻦﻗﺎﻝ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﺫﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻘﻢ ﻵﺑﻨﻪ
ﻟﻘﻤﺎ(١٣).
ﻟﻈﻠﻂﻋﻈﺒﺔ :ﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ
ﻭﻫﻮﻳﻌﻄﻪﻳﻨﺒﻲ ﻻﺗﺘﺮﻙﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﺇﺭﻥ
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﻴﺖﺷﺪﻳﺪﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔﺑﺘﻠﻘﻴﻦﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ،ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻗﺎ
،ﺔ ﻝ
ﻋﺒﺎﺱﻳﻴﻴﻲﻭﻫﻮﻣﺎﺯﺍﻝﻲﻓﺳﻦﺍﻟﻄﻔﻮﻟﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﻋﻠﻤﻪﻻﺑﻦ
ﻥ
ﻏﻼ ﻲ
ﺇﻧ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻳﺎ( ﻡ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﺎﺗﺔ،ﻳﻮﻣﺎ :
ﻋﺒﺎﺱﺗﻜﺚ:ﻛﻨﺖﺧﻠﻒ ﺍﺑﻦ
ﺗﻤﺠﺪﻩ""،ﺗﺠﺎﻫﻚ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ
ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻚ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ،ﺍﺣﻔﻆﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﺤﻔﻈﻚ ،ﺍﺣﻔﻆﺍﻟﻠﻪ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﻱ(٨٧٤).
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
ﺗﻤﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡﺑﺄﻣﺮﻩﻭﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ،ﻧﻬﻴﻪ ﺠﺪ
ﺷﺮﻳﻌﺘﻪ
ﻳﺤﻔﻆ
) (٢ﺗﺠﺪﻩ،ﺗﺠﺎﻫﻚﻭﻓﻲﻟﻔﻆ :ﺁﺧﺮ»،ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻚ« .ﺃﺣﻔﻆﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١/٤٨٩).
،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦﻻﺑﻦ
ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻚﻳﺪﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰﻛﻞﺧﻴﺮﻭﻳﺬﻭﺩﻋﻨﻚﻛﻞ.ﺷﺮ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﺭﻳﺎﺽ
- ١٠٧
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻋﻠﻰ
ﺖ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻌﻦ،ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢﺃﻥﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﻟﻮ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻨﺖ
ﻓﺎﺳﺄﻝ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮﺍﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺸﻲﺀﻗﺪﻛﺘﺒﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻚ ،ﻭﻟﻮ
ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻮﻙ ﺇﻻ
ﺑﺸﻲﺀﻟﻢ
ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻮﻙ
ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻷﻗﻼ
ﻡ ﺑﺸﻲﺀﻗﺪﻛﺘﺒﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻚﺭﻓﻌﺖ
ﻳﻀﺮﻭﻙ ﺇﻻ
ﺑﺸﻲﺀﻟﻢ
ﻳﻀﺮﻭﻙﺃﻥ
ﻭﺟﻔﺖ"ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ )
،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓﻣﻨﻬﺎﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺇﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺗﻀﻤﻦﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻣﻦﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ
ﻓﻘﺪ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺨﻠﻮﻗﺎﺕﻭﻭﺟﻮﺏﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻞﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔﺑﻐﻴﺮﻩﻣﻦ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓﻭﻣﻨﻊ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﺧﻠﻘ ﺇﻻ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻊﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻﺷﺮﻳﻚ،ﻟﻪﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥﻲﻓ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﻭﺃﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﻫﻮ
ﻣﺎ .ﻳﺸﺎﺀ
.ﻖ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑ
.ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ ﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺩﻭﻟﻢﻳﺒﻖ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒﺟﻔﺖﻣﻦ ) (١ﻳﻌﻨﻲﺃﻥﻣﺎﻛﺘﺒﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻘﺪ،ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ
»ﻋﻨﻮﻧﺔﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺋﻖ،ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺭﻉ ﺑﺎﺏﺑﺪﻭﻥ«
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏﺻﻔﺔﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ (٣/١٤٥٩).
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﻓﻲ(٢٥١٦).ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺌﺬﺍﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﺃﺟﺎﺏﺑﻠﺒﻴﻚ،ﻭﺳﻌﺪﻳﻚﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ
) (٣ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
(٦٢٦٧)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﻟﻘﻲﺍﻟﻠﻪﺑﺎﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥﻭﻫﻮﻏﻴﺮﺷﺎﻙﻓﻴﻪﺩﺧﻞ،ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔﺭﻗﻢ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٣٠).
. ١٠٨٠
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ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﺳﻨ
ﺓ ﺔﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼ
:ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
ﺗﻨﺸﺌﺘﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰ
٢
ﻗﻴﻤ ﺮ
ﻷﻣ ﺇﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴ ﻻ؛ ﺎ
ﻞ ،ﻭﺍﺟﺘﺒﺎﻫﻢﻓﻘﺪﻛﺎﻥﻧﺒﻲﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺃﺭﺳﻠﻬﻢﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻴﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀﻤﻨﺔﻟﻺﺧﻼﺹ،ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺒﻮﺩﻷﻧﻬﻢ ﻖ
ﺃﺣ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻫﻢﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻠﻰ،ﺃﻫﻠﻪ
ﻛﺎ ﻕ
ﺻﺎﺩ ﺇﻣﻨﻌﻴﻞﺇﻧﻬﺮ ﻥ
ﺍﻟﻜﻨﻨﺐ
ﻓﻰ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﺁﺫﻛﺮ
"ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ"،ﻗﺎﻝ
ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺗﻪﻣﻦ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻛﺰ
ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ ﺓ
ﺭﺳﻮﻻ ﻧﺒﻴﺎﻱﻭﻛﻦﻳﺄﻣﺮﺃﻫﻠﻪ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺪ
٥٥)،٥٤ﻭﺑﻬﺬﺍﺟﺎﺀﺕﺷﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎﻣﺤﻤﺪ ،ﻋﺘﺘﻴﺔﻓﻔﻰﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻧﻪ :ﻣﺮﻳﻢ(
ﻟﻌﺸ
ﻢﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺮ
ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻛﻢﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓﻟﺴﺒﻊ،ﺳﻨﻴﻦﻭﺍﺿﺮﺑﻮﻫ
ﻏﺘﺖ:ﻗﺎﻝﻣﺮﻭﺍ(
)(٢
)ﺳﻨﻴﻦ
ﺁﺑـﺎﺋﻬﻢ؛ﺃﻥ
ﻗﺎﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦﻟﻠﺨﻪ :ﻫﺬﺍ«ﻣﻦﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻋﻠﻰ
ﻰ
ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻫ""ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﺃﻱ :ﻋﻠ
ﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓﺇﺫﺍﺑﻠﻐﻮﺍﺳﺒﻊ،ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕﻭﺃﻥ
ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻭﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂﻓﻴﻬﺎﻭﺇﺿﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍﺑﻠﻐﻮﺍﻋﺸﺮ،ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻜﻦﺑﺸﺮﻁﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎﺫﻭﻱ
"ﻋﻘﻞ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(٤٧٩).
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ(١/٢٦٦).
ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻓﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٦٧٥٦)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ
ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ ٣٦٩)،(١١/ﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ
ﻳﺠﻮ
ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻩﺿﺮﺑﺎ،ﻣﺒﺮﺣﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺯ ﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻸﺏﺃﻥﻳﻀﺮﺏﺍﻟﺘﺄﺩﻳﺐﺑﻼ،ﺿﺮﺭﻓﻼ
ﻳﺤﺼﻞﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ«
)(٣
ﻟﻠﺼﻼﺓﺇﻻﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﺏ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ
ﺣﺎﺟﺔ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﺑﻞﺇﺫﺍﺍﺣﺘﺎﺝﺇﻟﻴﻪﻣﺜﻞﺃﻻﻳﻘﻮﻡﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ
ﻣﻜﺮﺭﺍﻻ
ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻬﻢﺿﺮﺑﺎﺃﻥ
ﻢﻹﻳﻼﻣﻬﻢﻭﻟﻜﻦﻟﺘﺎﺩﻳﺒﻬ
ﺑﻀﺮﺑﻬﻢﻻ ﻣﻌﺘﺎﺩﺍ؛ﻷﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲﺷﻚﺇﻧﻤﺎﺃﻣﺮ ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻪﺿﺮﺑﺎﻏﻴﺮ،ﻣﺒﺮﺡﺑﻞﺿﺮﺑﺎ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ (٣/١٧٣).
».ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻳﻤﻬﻢﺷﺮﺡﺭﻳﺎﺽ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ (٣/١٧٣).
) (٤ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻋﻈﻴﻤﻲﻓ
ﺔ :ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻌﺔﻟﻸﺧﻼﻕﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ
٣ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺘﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ،ﺣﺘﻰﺇﻥﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻜﻲﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎﺃﺳﻤﻰﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪﺭﺳﺎﻟﺘﻪ ،
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺇﻧﻤﺎ(ﺑﻌﺜﺖﻷﺗﻤﻢﺻﺎﻟﺢ)ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ .
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦﻗﺎﻝ ﻰ
ﻭﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﺳﻨﺔﻓﻲﺳﻠﻮﻙﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ
ﻰ
ﻭﺍﺻﻴ ﻋﻠ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓﻭﺁﺗﻪﻋﻦﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ ﺮ
ﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓﻭﺍﻣﺮ
ﻋﻠﻰﻟﺴﺎﻥ:ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺒﻰﺃﻗﻢ
ﺍﻷﺭ
ﺗﻤﻰﻓ ﺽ
ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱﻭﻻ ﺶ
ﺗﺼﻌﻦﺣﺪﻟﻚ
ﻋﺰﻡﺍﺃﻣﻮﺭﺑﻲﻭﻻ
ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻚﺇﻥﺫﻟﻚﻳﻦ
ﻣﺎ
ﺻﺆﺗﻥﺇ
ﺾﻦﻣ ﻚ
ﻓﻰﻣﺸﻴﻚﻭﺍﻏﻀ
ﻭﺃﻗﺼﺪ
ﻓﺤﻮﺭﻱ
ﺧﺘﺎﻝ
ﺗﺤﺚﻛﻞ
ﻣﺮﺣﺎﺇﻥﻟﻠﻪﻻ
ﻭﺻﺑﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻮﺻﺎﻳﺎﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻰ
:ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ( ١٩).١٧ﻓﻬﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺮﻩ
ﻟﺼﺆﺕﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍﺕ
ﺃﻧﻜﺮ
ﻩ ﺑﺒﺮ
ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡﻣﺎﻟﻢﻳﺬﻛﺮ...ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻣﺮ
ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥﺍﺑﻨﻪ ،ﺗﺠﻤﻊﺃﻣﻬﺎﺕ،ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ
ﻩ
،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﻭﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻪﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ،ﻟﺒﺮﻫﻤﺎﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩﺑﺸﻜﺮﻩ..ﻭﺷﻜﺮﻫﻤﺎ .ﻭﺃﻣﺮ
ﻩ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﺿ ،ﻭﻧﻬﺎ
ﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﻡ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﻧﻬﺎﻩﻋﻦ،ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺒﺮﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩ
ﻭﺧﻮﻓﻪ
ﺑﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪ،
ﻭﻧﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻮﺍ ﻩ
ﺕ، ﺕ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ
ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺡ
ﻭﺍﻷﺷﺮ،
ﻋﻦﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮ
،
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓﻭﺇﻗﺎﻣ
ﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ
ﻋﻦﺿﺪ ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺃﻣﺮﻩﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ
ﻠﻢﺃﻥ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺼﺒﺮﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦﻳﺴﻬﻞﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﻞ "،ﺃﻣﺮﻭﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﺣﺮﻱﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ
ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻟﻤﺎﻓﻴﻬﺎﻣﻦﺧﺼﺎﻝﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮﻭﺧﻼﻝ .ﻑ
ﻳﺮﺑﻲ
ﻭﻟﻨﺎﻓﻲﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻏﻴﻚﺃﺳﻮﺓﺣﺴﻨﺔ ﺣﻴﺚﻛﺎﻥﻳﺘﻌﺎﻫﺪﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ
،ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻌﺔﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺎﺭﻭﺍﻩﻋﻤﺮﺑﻦﺃﺑﻲﺳﻠﻤﻪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺪﺓﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ
ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ
ﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ ٣١٥)، (١٤/ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٨٩٥٢)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٦٤٨).
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
- ١١٠٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺗﻄﻴﻲﻓ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ،ﻋﺎﺗﻲﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖﻳﺪﻱ ﺶ
ﻓﻲﺣﺠﺮ
ﺕ :،ﻗﺎﻝﻛﻨﺖ(ﻏﻼﻣﺎ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﻏﺚ ﻳﺎﻏﻼﻡ،ﺳﻢ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﻛﻞ،ﺑﻴﻤﻴﻨﻚ
"""،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﺔﻓﻘﺎﻝﻟﻲ
ﻭﻛﻞﻣﺎ)ﻳﻠﻴﻚ . ٢
ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫ
ﻢ ﺑﺘﻌﻠـﻴ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻢ
ﺑﺄﺣﻜﺎﻡﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ :ﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀﻭﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﻢ
٤
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺑﻌﺪ".ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻉ
ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺟﻮﻥﺇﻟﻴﻪﻣﻦ
ﻣﺎ
ﻭﺣﺮﻣ
ﺔ ﻓﻴﻌﻠﻤﻮﻧﻬﻢﻭﺟﻮﺏﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ،ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻬﺎﻭﻓﺮﺽﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﻭﻳﺆﺩﺑﻮﻧﻬ
ﻢ ﻭﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮﻧﻬﻢﺣﺮﻣﺔﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ،ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺘﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺮﻗﺔﻭﺷﺮﺏ،ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺮ
ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻴﺮ
، ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﺬﺍﻥ،ﻭﻭﺟﻮﺏﺗﻮﻗﻴﺮ،ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺃﻓﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ
ﺑﺂﺩﺍﺏ
ﻮﺭ.ﺑﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡﻭﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏﺍﻟﻤﺄﻣ
ﻭﻧﻤﺤﻮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﻴﻤﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ
ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔﺍﻟﺴﺐ
ﻭﻛﺮﺍﻫﻴﺍﻟﺒﺪﻋﺔ،ﻭﺗﻮﻗﻴﺮ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ
ﻓـﻴﻬﻢﺣﺐ
ﻳﻐﺮﺳﻮﺍ
ﻭﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢﺃﻳﻀﺎﺃﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀﻭﻃﺎﻋﺔﺃﻭﻟﻲ.ﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﻭﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﺑﻴﻦ.ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﻓﻔﻪ:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﺣﻖ
ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺜ ﻰ
ﺣﺘ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻖﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺑﻼ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺣﻖﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﺃﻛﺪ
ﻣﺒﻠﻐ ﻤﺎ
ﻋﻈﻴﻡ ﺎﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎ؛ﻭﻗﺪﺑﻠﻎﺫﻟﻚ ﻓ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻖ
ﻣﻨﻬﻢ
ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻓﻲﻛﻞﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻌﺇﻧﺎﺀ
ﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﺔﺩﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﺔﻭﻻﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮﻋﻠﻰﻣﻮﺿﻊ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﻭﺗﻤﺘﺪﺇﻟﻰﻧﻮﺍﺣﻲ
): (١ﺃﻱﺗﺘﺤﺮﻙﻭﺳﺘﺔ
ﻣﺴﻠﻢ/١٩٣).(١٣
ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻱﻋﻠﻰﺟﻤﻴﻊ
.ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡ
ﻋﺸﺮﺓ
ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﻌﺔ
،ﺃﺷﺨﺎﺹ
ﺧﻤﺴﺔ
ﻳﻜﻔﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡﻭﺍﻷﻛﻞ،ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦﺭﻗﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ ،ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
) (٢ﻣﺘﻔﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺏ،ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﻤﺎﺭﻗﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻷﺷﺮﺑﺔ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺁﺩﺍﺏ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٣٧٦)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻉﻻﺑﻦﻣﻔﻠﺢ(١/٤١٣).
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- ١١١٠
ﻴﺔ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺴﺮﻭﺭﺑﻬﻤﺎﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﻮﻻﺩﺓﻓﺸﻨﻊﻋﻠﻰﺃﻫﻞﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠ
ﺣﺘﻰﺇﻧﻪﺳﺎﻭﻯﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﻦﻭﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺕ
ﻛﻈ ﻯﻭﻫ ﻢ
ﻣﺴﻮ ﻮ
،ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺩﺍ ﻇﻞ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢﺑﺄﻓﺊ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﺫﺍﺑﻴﺮ
ﻓﺮﻗﻮﺍ،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ
ﺀ ﺎﻣ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻮﺃﻡ،ﻳﺪﻟﻪﻰﻓﺍﻟﺮﺍﺏ ﺃﻻﺳﺎ
ﺍﻳﻤﺴﻜﻪﺍﻟﻘﺆﻡﻳﻦﺳﺆﻣﺎﺑﺜﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺘﻮﺭﻯﻣﻦ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ(٨).ﻩ4.ﻩ
ﺣﻜﻤﻮﻥﻩ
ﻤﻦ
ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻓﻌ
، ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻦ
ﺑﻤﻴ ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
ﻓﻲﺻﺮﻳﻌﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝﻏﺘﻔﺎ
ﻭﻗﺪﺟﺎﺀﺍﻷﻣﺮﻣﻦ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻴﺜﻴﺔ :،ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺇﻧﻲﻣﺤﻠﺖﺍﺑﻨﻲﻫﺬﺍﻏﻼﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥﺑﻦﺑﺸﻴﺮﺗﺘﻴﻪ ،ﺃﻥﺃﺑﺎﻩﺃﺗﻰﺑﻪ
ﻝ
ﻝ ﺭﺳﻮ
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ :ﻻ ،ﻓﻘﺎ
ﻫﺬﺍ؟
ﻧﺤﻠﺘﻪﻣﺜﻞ
ﻭﻟﺪﻙ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﺎﺕ :ﺃﻛﻞ(
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ
ﻛﺎﻥ،ﻟﻲ
ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻴ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺩﻻﻟﺔﻋﻠﻰﻭﺟﻮﺏﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﺑﻴﻦﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻲﻓ ﺔ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻏﻴﺘﻲ :ﻓﺄ)ﺭﺟﻌﻪ"،ﻓﻔﻲ
ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰﺑﻌﺾﻓﻲ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎﺀﻛﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖﻭﻓﻘﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻴﺔﺇﻧﻤﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﺑﻴﻦﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺮﺍﺙ ؛ﺑﺄﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮﻣﺜﻞﺣﻆﺍﻷﻧﺜﻴﻴﻦ ،ﺇﻻﺃﻥﻳﺄﺫﻥﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻭ
ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ
".ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺼﻪ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻭ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ
ﺑﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ
ﺇﻭ ﺇﻭﺟﺈﻱ
ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ
ﻭﻣ ﻉﻫﻤﺎ،ﻣﻌﺎ ﻦ
ﺑﻄﻦﺃﻭ
ﻭﺇﻳﺎﻩﺻﻠﺐﺃﻭ
ﺟﻤﻌﻚ
ﻣﻦ«
ﺑﺎﻹﺧﻮﺓ:ﻫﻨﺎ
ﻳﻘﺼﺪ
»".ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔ
ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻙﻓﻲ
ﻣﻦ
».ﺃﺥ«
،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔﻣﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ
،ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂﻣﺠﻤﻊ
)(٣ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ
- ١١٢٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻥ
ﻭﺭﺑﻤ ﻳﻜﻮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﺎ
، ﺟﻤﻌﻚﺑﻪﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐ
ﺷﻘﻴﻘﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﺍﻓﺎﻷﺥﺭﺑﻤﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﺃﺧﺎ ،
ﻷﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻄ ﻥ
ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥﺟﻤﻌﻚﺑﻪ ﻦ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥﺃﺧﺎﻷﺏ، ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺐﺟﻤﻌﻚﺑﻪ
.ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥﺃﺧﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺣﻘﻮﻕﺗﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻟﻜﻞﻣﻨﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،ﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻫﺬﻩ
ﻭﻟﻺﺧﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻣﺎﻳﺄﻧﻲ:
.ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ
ﻓﻒ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﻰ:
ﻓﻠﻸﺥﻋﻠﻰﺃﺧﻴﻪﺣﻖﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﻭﺍﻹﻋﺎﻧﺔﻋﻠﻰﻧﻮﺍﺋﺐ،ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
.ﺃﻟﺐ( ٦)،ﺥ
ﻭﺍﻻ ﻭﻳﺬﻯ ﺃﻟﻔﺰ .
ﺇﺣﺴﺌﺎ
ﻟﺪﻧﻦ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻮ
ﻓﺘﺮﺛﻮﺍ،ﻳﻢﺷﻴﺌﺎ
ﻭﺁﻏﺒﺬﻭﺍﺁﺗﻪﻭﻻ
ﻭ
ﺟﻤﻴ
ﺑﻤﺼﺎﻟ ﻊ
ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪﺃﻥﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺦ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻻ
ﻣﻘﺪﻡﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﻋﻠﻰﻏﻴﺮﻩﻣﻦﺍﻷﻗﺮﺑﺎﺀ؛ ﻷﻥ
ﻥ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰﺑﻌﺾ،ﻭﻗﺮﺏﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐﻳﺼﻠﺢﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮ
ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺑﺎﺀ،ﻓﻠﺰﻡﺃﻥﻳﺮﺟﺢ
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺀﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔ ﻰ
ﺃﻭﻟ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ،ﻣﻨﻪﻭﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻋﻠﻰ ﺲ
ﻣﺠﺮﻯ
ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺭ
ﺳﺒﺒﺎﻟﻠﺘﺮﺟﻴﺢ ؛ ﻷﻥﻗﺮﻳﺐ
ﻣﻦﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻋﻠﻰ"".ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ
ﻓﻠﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐﻛﺎﻥﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐﺃﻭﻟﻰﻣﻦﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﺏ
ﻏﻴﺘ
ﺍﺃﺷﻘﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻷﺏ ﺃﻭﻷﻡ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻛﺪﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻲ
ﺳﻮﺀ:ﻛﺎﻧﻮ
ﺫﻭﻱﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﻰﻫﻢﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓ ،ﺍ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲﻭﺍﻷﻫﻞ:،ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺍﺑﺪﺃ(ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚﻓﺘﺼﺪﻕ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺑﺔ
ﻋﻠﻰﺣﻖ
ﺷﻲﺀﻓﻸﻫﻠﻚ،ﻓﺈﻥﻓﻀﻞﻋﻦﺃﻫﻠﻚﺷﻲﺀﻓﻠﺬﻱ،ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺘﻚﻓﺈﻥﻓﻀﻞﻋﻦ
ﻓﺈﻥﻓﻀﻞ
)ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﻓﺒﻴﻦﻳﺪﻳﻚﻭﻋﻦﻳﻤﻴﻨﻚﻭﻋﻦ"،ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﻲ
ﻭﻓ ﺷﻲﺀﻓﻬﻜﺬﺍ
ﺫﻱﻗﺮﺍﺑﺘﻚ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ،ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐﻟﻠﺮﺍﺯﻱ(٦/٣٨٣).
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺑﺔﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺛﻢﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﺛﻢ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓﺑﺎﺏﺍﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
. ١١٣٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻲ،ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ
ﻳﺨﻄﺐﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻭﻫﻮ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻳﺪ(ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺒﺮ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻥﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻓﺘﺔﻗﺎﺋﻢﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻓﺣﺪﻳﺚ
:ﺗﻌﻮﻝ،ﺃﻣﻚ،ﻭﺃﺑﺎﻙ،ﻭﺃﺧﺘﻚ،ﻭﺃﺧﺎﻙﺛﻢ،ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻙ )،ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻙ ﻲ
ﺑﻤﻦﻭﺃﺑﺪﺃ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻴﻦ،ﺻﺪﻗﺔﻭﺇﻧﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰﺫﻱﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢﺛﻨﺘﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ(ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺁﺧﺮﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ :ﻓﺘﻴﺔ
،ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ).ﻭﺻﻠﺔ
.ﺍﻷﻋﺬﺍﺭ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱ
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ
ﻓﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻳﻬﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻋﺐ ﻭﺗﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺅﻯ ﻭﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺐ
ﻗﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ.ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻫﻮ ﻦﻣ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺔﺑﺼﻠﺔ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢ
ﻋﻤﻮﻡﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲﻭﻫﺬﺍﺩﺍﺧﻞ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓ ،
ﺊ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻴﻌﺔ،ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﻗﺎﻝ :ﻏﻴﻚﻟﻴﺲ(ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻞ
ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻞﺍﻹﺳﺎﺀﺓﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ،
ﺢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﻓﻲﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪﻓﻲﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ(٢٩/٢٤١٢،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٧٨٧٢)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
ﺑﻤ
ﻭﺻﻠﺘﻬ ﺎ
ﻢ ﺍﻷﻗﺎﺭﺏ
، ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻢﻫﻢ
")ﻭﺻﻠﻬﺎ ،
ﺭﺣﻤﻪ
ﻗﻄﻌﺖ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻞﺍﻟﺬﻱﺇﺫﺍ
ﻭﻟﻜﻦ
.ﺫﻟﻚ "ﺭﻧﺎ،ﺭﺗﻬﻢﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢﻭﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺘﻬﻢ
• ﺟﺮﻯﺑﻪﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑﻭﺍﺗﺒﻌﻪ""،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪ
،ﺑﻤﻮﺍﺳﺎﺗﻬﻢﻭﻏﻴﺮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ .ﺩﺓ
ﻭﻓﻲﺃﺣﺰﺍﻧﻬﻢ
ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺣﻬﻢ،ﺑﺘﻬﻨﺌﺘﻬﻢ
ﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﻠﻰ
:gﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎ
ﻓﻌ
ﻭﻓﻲﺍﻟﺸﺮﺑﻜﻔﻪ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻠﻪ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﻦﻷﺧﻴﻪ
ﺑﺄﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﺍﻷﺥﻧﻌﻢ
ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎﺃﻭﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﺎ:،ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ
ﺃﻧﺲ ﺗﻚ :،ﻗﺎﻝﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻜﺜﺔ:ﺍﻧﺼﺮ(ﺃﺧﺎﻙ
ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎﻗﺎﻝ:ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻓﻮﻕ).ﻳﺪﻳﻪ
ﻧﺘﺼﺮﻩ ؟ ،ﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﺎﻓﻜﻴﻒ
ﻧﺘﺼﺮﻩ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻫﺬﺍ
ﻧﺎ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٩٩١).
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻷﺩﺏ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻟﻴﺲﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻞ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ ١٨٥).(٣/
،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺨﻴﻦﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﺭﻳﺎﺽ
:ﺚ
ﻣﻈﻠﻮﻣﺎ،ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳ
ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎﺃﻭ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺼﺐﺑﺎﺏﺃﻋﻦﺃﺧﺎﻙ
ﺍﻟﻤﻈﺎﻟﻢ
،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
)(٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
- ١١٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
٩
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻱ
ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
/ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
.ﺎ
ﻖﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻭﺗﺤﻘﻴ
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ
ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺗﻬﺎﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺆﺩﻱ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ
١ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ .ﺔ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ
ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭﺧﻄﺮ
٢-
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔﻣﻦﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ
ﺍﻹﻟﻤﺎﻡ
٣-
:ﺗﻬﻴﺪ
ﺑـﺪﺍﻳﺘﻬ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ؛ﺃﻥﺗﺴﻠﻚ ﻣﻨﺬ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓﺣﺘﻰﺗﺴﺘﻘﺮﺃﺣﻮﺍﻟﻬﺎﻭﺗﻘﻞ
ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔﻗﺒﻞﻭﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎﻭﻳﺮﺷﺪﺇﻟﻰﻋﻼﺟﻬﺎﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻚﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻌﺎﻟﺞﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻠﺰﻡﺍﻷﺧﺬﺑﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉﻭﻣﻦﺃﺑﺮﺯ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ.
ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ
ﻓﻲﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ
:ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ
ﻗﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺝﺭﺑﺎﻧﻲﺣﻜﻴﻢﺟﺎﺀ ﻹﺻﻼﺡﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﻭﺇﺳﻌﺎﺩﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ،ﻦ
ﻓﻤ
ﻝ ﻢ
ﻭﻟ ﺃﻓﺮﻁﻣﺎﻝﻋﻦﺣﺪ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍ
ﻓﺮﻁﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ
،ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﻳﻦﻭﻣﻦ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺎﺩﺓ
ﺗﻤﺴﻚﺑﻪﻧﺎﻝ
ﻭﻫ ﻦ
ﻣﺆﻣﺃﻧﻨ ﻮ
ﻋﻤﻞﺻﻠﺨﺎﻳﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﺃﻭ ﻰ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺀﻗﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﺀ
ﻳﺠﻦ ﺇﻻ
ﻭﻣﺛﻢ
ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ( ٩٧)،ﻦ
: ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ
ﺑﺄﺣﺴﻦﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻮﺃ
ﺃﺟﺮﻫﻢ
ﻭﻟﺘﺠﺰﻳﻨﻬﺬ
ﺣﻴﻮﺓﻃﻴﺒﺔ
ﻓﻠﻨﺤﻴﻴﻨﻪ
ﻓﻜﻠﻤ
ﺎ ﺑﺄﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ
، ﻭﺃﺧﺬﻫﺎ
ﺑﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻣﺮﻫﻮﻧﺔﺑﻤﺪﻯﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻬﺎ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻃﺮﻳ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻓﻋﻦ ﻘﻪ
،ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺖ
ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﻭﺃﻗﺮﺏﺇﻟﻰﺗﻤﺴﻜﺖﺑﻪﻛﺎﻧﺖﺃﻛﺜﺮ
ﺍﺑﺘﻌﺎﺩﻫﺎ.ﻋﻨﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﺀﺑﻘﺪﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺃﺻﺎﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﻀﻨﻚ
ﺇﻟ
ﻣﺠﺘﻤ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉﻣﻦﺃﺳﺮﺓﺇﻟﻰ،ﺃﺧﺮﻯﻭﻣﻦ ﻊ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑﻋﻦ ﻭﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒﺃﻭﺟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜ
ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﻦ
ﻭﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ
ﺭﺻﺪﻫﺎ
ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻬﺎﺃﺣﻮﺍﻝﻣﺮﺿﻴﺔ؛ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻓﻲ،ﺁﺧﺮﻭﻫﻲ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎ،
ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻘﻊﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ ﺱ
ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻣﺔ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻭﺳﻨﻘﺘﺼﺮﻋﻠﻰﻋﺮﺽ
ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ:ﻋﻼﺟﻬﺎﺛﻢﻧﺒﻴﻦ
ﻦﻋﻨﺪ
ﺇﻫﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻳ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻭﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ ﻝ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﻋﻨﺪﺑﻨﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂ
- ١
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ،
ﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮﺑﻴﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﻦﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮ
،ﻟﺸﺆﻭﻧﻬﻤﺎﺇﻟﻰﻏﻴﺮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺑﻄﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﻭﺍﻹﻫﻤﺎﻝﻓﻲﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡﺑﺄﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﻲ
ﺏ ﺍﻟﺘ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﻣﻦﺃﺧﻄﺮﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎ
ﻫﺬﻩﻓﻲ
ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳ
،ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻂﺑﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ
ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﺍﻟﺘﻲ
١١٩
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻦ،
ﺗﺆﺩﻱﺇﻟﻰﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏﺍﻷﺳﺮ،ﻭﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺇﺫﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺇﻫﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘ
:ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ ،
ﻦ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺣﺶﻓﺈﻫﻤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺳﺔ
)ﺃﺷﻴﻮﻉ
ﺕ،
ﻓﻲﺑﻌﺾﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝﻭﺍﻟﺠﺎﻩﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎﻫﻮﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰﻋﻠﻰ
ﺓ ﺫ
ﺍﺗﺨﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻭﻛﺜﺮ
، ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ
ﻳﺆﺩﻱ -ﺑﻼﺭﻳﺐ -ﺇﻟﻰﻗﻠﺔ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
.ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺫ ﺍ )ﻷﺧﺪﺍﻥ
ﻓﺘﻬﻴ
ﺕ )ﻛﺜﺮﺓ،ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻉﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎﻳﻠﺤﻖﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀﻋﺎﺭﻣﻦﻓﺴﺎﺩﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎﺕ ﺞ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻦ ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ.ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ
ﻣﻨﻬ ﻦﻣ
ﻴﺔ ﻢﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﻲﻓﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴﻘﺎﺕ،ﻷﻥ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎﻣﻊ
ﻭﻫﻮ«
:ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪﺓ(٥)،
ﻣﺘﺨﺬﻯﺃﺧﺪﺍﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﻭﻻ
)(١ﻳﻘﻮﻝ
».ﻭﻣﺤﺒﻪﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ (٢٢١).
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺢ ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢﻣﻦﻳﺰﻧﻲﻣﻊﺧﺪﻧﻪ
ﻳﺰﻧﻲﻣﻊﻣﻦﻛﺎﻥ؛ﻓﻬﺬﺍ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﻴﺾ،ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻭﻱ (٥/٤١٩).
. ١٢٠
ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺿﻨﻜﺎﻩ
ﺃﻋﺮﺽﻋﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻯﻓﺈﻥ،ﻟﻪ ﺔ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﻕ ،ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻭﻳﻜﺜﺮ
ﻚ
ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺽﻋﻦﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮﻳﻜﻮﻥﺳﺒﺒﺎﻲﻓ ﺿﻨ
١٢٤).ﻓﻘﺪﺑﻴﻨﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﺃﻥ
:ﺃﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﻨﻪﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻨﻚﺑﺤﺴﺐ،ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺿﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻭﺇﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ
ﺍﺕ،
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺸ ﻝ
ﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢﻓﻔﻲﻗﻠﺒﻪﻣﻦ
ﺑﺄﺻﻨﺎﻑ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﺗﻨﻌﻢ
"""ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ.
ﻳﻘﻄﻊ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻠﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﻲ
ﻗﺎ
:ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔﻋﺼﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ؛ ﻝ
ﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﺿﻨﻚ
ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺩﺍﺑـﺘ ،
ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻴﻞﺑﻦﻋﻴﺎﺽﻟﻠﺨﻪ :ﺇﻧﻲﻷﻋﺼﻲﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﺄﺭﻯ ﺫﻟﻚﻲﻓﺧﻠﻖ ﻲ
ﻰ:
ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻨﻚ ﺑﺘﻜﺎﻟﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺋﺐﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭ(٣٠).ﻓﻘﺪﺃﺧﺒﺮ ﻰ
ﻛﺴﺒﺖﺃﻳﺪﻳﺮﻩ :ﻯ
ﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔﻓﺒﻤﺎ
ﻭﻣﺎﺃﺻﺒﻜﻢﻳﻦ
ﻢ
ﻭﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻬﻢﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻵﻳﺔﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﺃﺻﺎﺏﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻣﻦﻣﺼﻴﺒﺔﻓﻲﺃﺑﺪﺍﻧﻬﻢ
ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺤﺒﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﺍ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﺎﻗﺪﻣﺘﻪﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻦﻣ
"،ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺎﺕ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻬﺪﻡﺑﻨﺎﺀ
ﺃﻋﻈﻢﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕﻭﻟﺬﺍ
، ﻓﻲ،ﺃﺩﺍﺋﻬﺎﺳﻮﺍﺀﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻫﻞ
ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﺃﻭ
ﺗﺮﻙ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ:
ﻗﺎ ﻰ ﺍﻷﻫﻞ،ﺑﻬﺎ ﻝ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺹﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻭﺃﻣﺮ
ﺑﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﻭﺟﻪ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺀﻻﺑﻦﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ(١/١٢٠).
: ) (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺪﺍﺀ
ﺩﻣﺸ،ﻻﺑﻦ
ﻓﻲﺣﻠﻴﺔﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ،ﻷﺑﻲﻧﻌﻴﻢ(٨/٢١٠٩،ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻖ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ٥)،٤(١/ﻭﻗﺪﻭﺭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
).ﻭﺧﺎﺩﻣﻲ
ﻓﻲﺧﻠﻖﺣﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻓﺄﻋﺮﻑ(ﺫﻟﻚﻋﺴﺎﻛﺮ:/٣٨٣)، (٤٨ﺑﻠﻔﻆ
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٧٥٩).
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
: ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
١٢١
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
:ﻃﻪ(: ١٣٢)،ﺃﻱﺣﺚﺃﻫﻠﻚﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ،
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻩ
ﻭﺍﺻﻄﺒﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻠﻮﺓ
ﺃﻫﻠﻚﻭﺃﻣﺰ
ﺑﺠﻤﻴﻣﺎ ﻻﻳﺘﻢﺇﻻ ﻪﺑ،
ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻲﺃﻣﺮ ﻊ
.ﻭﻧﻔﻞﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺀ
ﻓﺮﺽﻭﺍﺑﺘﻌﺜﻬﻢﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎﻣﻦ
"".ﻭﻳﻜﻤﻠﻬﺎ
ﻭﻳﻔﺴﺪﻫﺎ
،ﺑﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻬﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﺼﻠﺢﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥﺃﻣﺮﺍ
ﻥ
ﻣﺘ ﻛﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ؛ ﻰ
ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﺑﻴﻦ ﻦ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﻕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓﺃﻧﻬﺎ
ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔﺗﺮﻙ ﺷﺆﻡ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺗﺤ ﻦﻣ ﻻ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻥﺗﺒﻘﻰ ﺖ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺗﺎﺭﻛﺎ،ﻟﻬﺎﻓﻘﺪﺑﻴﻦ
""".ﻣﻔﺎﺭﻗﺘﻪ
،ﻳﺼﻠﻲﻭﺃﻧﻪﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻮﻣﻊ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻓﻜﻢﺃﺣﺪﺙ ﺱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻡﻣﻦﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺔﻣﻊﻏﻴﺮ
-ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻮﻙ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺘﻦﻭﺇﻓﺴﺎﺩﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭﻡﻣﻦ
ﻏﻴﺮ
ﻳﺰﻳﻨﻪﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ.ﺍﻟﻤﻐﺮﻳﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻬﺔﻹﻓﺴﺎﺩﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻌﺮﺽﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺭﺅﻳﺔ
-ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻴﺎﺕ
ﺑﺨﻴﺎﻟ
ﻭﻫﻤﻴﺔﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ ؛ﻳﺘﻢﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎﻭﺗﻨﻤﻴﻘﻬﺎ؛ﻓﻴﻌﻴﺶﻓﻴﻬﺎﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻌﺎﺏ.
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻲﺀ
ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻪ
ﻣﻘﻄﻮﻋﺎﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮ ،ﻭﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﺧﺬ،ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻮﻯﻓﺒﻬﺎﺗﺰﻭﻝ،ﺍﻟﻬﻤﻮﻡﻭﺗﻨﻔﺮﺝ ﺱ
ﻭﻋﻼﺝﺫﻟﻚ
ﺻﻠﻠﺨﺎﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻣﻦﻋﻤﻞ
ﺍﻷﺭﺯﺍﻕ ،ﻓﺘﺴﻌﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻭﺗﻌﻤﺮ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕﻗﺎﻝ
ﺑﻄﻤﺎﻧﻴﻨ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ
ﺔ ﻣﺆﻣﻦﻓﻠﻨﺤﻴﻴﻨﻪﺣﻴﻮﺓﻃﻴﺒﺔ :ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ(٩٧)،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﺃﻭﺃﺛﻰﻭﻫﻮ
)(٣
ﻭﺳﻜﻮﻥﻧﻔﺴﻪﻭﻋﺪﻡﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﺗﻪﻟﻤﺎﻳﺸﻮﺵ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٥١٧).
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ )١
. ١٢٢٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺑﻤﺎﺷﺮﻋﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪﻟﻬﻢ
:ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﻓﺠﻬﻞﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻞ
٣
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﻳﺆﺩﻱﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﻋﻨﻬﺎ؛ ﻭﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻣﻦ
ﻓﻴﻤ
ﺀ ﺎﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍ ؛ﺳﻮﺍ
ﻝ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﻋﻦﺣﺪ
ﻭﻳﺨﺮﺝ ﺓ
ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﻬﻢ،
ﻓﻲ
ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻛﺎ
ﻳﺤﺪﺙ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭﻋﻼﻗﺔﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀﻭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ،ﺃﻭﺍﻹﺧﻮﺓﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ،
ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ
ﺓ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻭﻣﺎﻋﻠﻴﻪﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﻭﻟﻮﺃﺩﺭﻙ ﻛﻞﻓﺮﺩﻣﺎ ﻟﻪﻣﻦ
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ.ﻋﻘﺒﺎﺗﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﺑـﻴﻦﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،
ﻓﻲﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ؛ﻭﻧﺸﺮ
ﻭﻋﻼﺝ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﺤﻖ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻭﻳﺠﺐ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﻳﻘﻊﺍﻟﻌﺐﺀﻲﻓﻧﺸﺮ
ﻟﻴﻌﻠﻢﻛﻞﻓﺮﺩﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢﻋﻠﻰﺷﺄﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﺛﻢﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻗﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺼﻔﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ
ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻳﺨﺼﻪﻣﻦﺃﻣﻮﺭ .
ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔﻣﺎ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎ
ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎ
ﺑﺼﻔﺘﻪ
ﻓﺮﺩﻓﻴﻬﺎﺑﻌﺪﺫﻟﻚ
.ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ
ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ:ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
ﻗﺒﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ،
ﺕ ،ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﻱﻭﻏﻴﺎﺑﻬﺎﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ
ﻓﺎﻷﺧﻼﻕﻫﻲ
ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎﺳﺎﺀﺕﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕﺑﻴﻦﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺍﺧﺘﻞﺑﻨﺎﺅﻫﺎﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ.ﺃﻣﺮﻫﺎ
ﻃﺒ
ﺳﻮ ﻊ
ﻧﺎﺗﺠﻋﻦ ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻐﻀ«ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ ﺎ
ﺧﻠﻖ »ﺐ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺇﺿﺮﺍﺭﺍ
ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﺃﺧﻄﺮ
ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻦ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲ،ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍﻗﺎﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻚ ﻟﻤ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﺎﻝﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮﺳﺒﺐ
،ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ
ﺭﻏ
ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﻋﻠﻰﺫﻟﻚ ﻢ
ﻓﻲ ﺔ ﻳﺰﺩﻩ
،ﻣﺮﺍﺭﺍﻭﻟﻢ
ﻛﺮﺭﻫﺎ
"")ﺗﻐﻀﺐ
:ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔﻻ(
ﻃﻠﺐﻣﻨﻪ
ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐﻭﻣﺎﻳﻨﺸﺄ".ﻣﻨﻪ
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻋﻠﻰﻋﻈﻢ
،ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞﻭﻫﺬﺍﺩﻟﻴﻞ
ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﻃﻠﺐ
- ١٢٣٠
،ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻴﺪﺓﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪﻋﻦ
ﺷﻲﺀﺃﻧﻔﻊﻣﻦﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺑﺎﻷﺧﻼﻕ
ﻭﻟﻴﺲﻟﻌﻼﺝﺫﻟﻚ
ﻭﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪﺓﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲﻋﻠﻰ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻣﺴﺎﻭﺉﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ،
ﻩﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ.ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺍﺯﺩﺍﺩﺕﻭﺗﻴﺮﺓﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺎﺟﺖﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺇﻟﻰﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔﺧﺎﺻﺔ،ﺑﺸﺆﻭﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻈﺮﺍ
ﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺪ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ .ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺚ
ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ
ﺃﻓﺮﺯﻫﺎﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ
ﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻣﺤﻴﻂﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ،ﻣﺎﺑﺄﺑﻲ:
ﻓﻲﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﺒﺎﺃﺛﺮ
ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻲﺑـﻴﻦ:ﺍﻷﺟﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻﻳﻘﺘﻨﻊﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀﺑﺒﻌﺾ
١ﻋﺪﻡﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ
ﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺕﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﺑﻨﺎﺀﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻋﻬﺪﻭﻩﻓﻲﺟﻴﻠﻬﻢﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺆﺛﺮﻲﻓ ﺔ
ﻃﺒﻴﻌ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ.ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢﻭﻫﺬﺍﻳﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻣﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ،
ﻤﺎ
ﻭﻣﻨﺴﺠﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣ
ﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺔ
ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ
ﻭﺗﻘﺒﻠﻪﻣﺎﺩﺍﻡﻏﻴﺮ
ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻮﺍﺀﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴ
،ﺁﺑﺎﺀﻫﻢﻭﻳﺪﺭﻙ ﻊ
،ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻫﻢﻭﻳﻘﺪﺭﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
،ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪﻫﺎﻓﻴﻌﺬﺭﺍﻵﺑﺎﺀ
ﺃﻉ
ﺃﻥﻫﺬﻩﺳﻨﺔﻛﻮﻧﻴﺔ.ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ
٢ﺇﺳﻨﺎﺩﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔﺇﻟﻰ:ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻡﻭﻫﻲﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺃﻓﺮﺯﺗﻬﺎﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍﺕﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﺧﺎﺭﺝ ،ﻝ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭ
ﺍﻧﺸﻐﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻍﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻟﺴﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﻓﻲ ﻇﻞ ﺗﻄﻮﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻟﻬﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔﻓﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻭﻫﺬﻩ
.ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻣﺔﺣﻴﺚﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖﺍﻷﻡﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻠﺔﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ
ﻇﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻮﺑﻬﻤﺎﻲﻓ
ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺃﻥﻳﻘﻮﻣﺎﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒﻬﻤﺎ ﻁ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ
ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻐﻠﺐﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﻩ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﻋﻼﻗﺔﻟﻬﺎ.ﺑﺬﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻡ ﺇﻻ
ﺗﻔﻮﻳﺾ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔﻭﻋﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ
- -١٢٤
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ
ﺅ8ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ:ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔﺑﺎﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ
ﻭﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻑ ،ﺣﻴﺚ
ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﻦﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻬﺪﺩﻫﺎﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﻝ
ﺍﻻﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔﺩﺍﺧﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺇﻟﻰﻇﻬﻮﺭ
ﺃﺩﻯ ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍ
ﻑ ﺋﻢ ﺇﻟ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍ
ﻳﺪﻓﻌﺎﻰ
ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﻟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ
ﺇﻟﻰﻣﺮﺟﻊﺫﻟﻚﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ
،ﺳﺮﺓﻭﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻷ
ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺋﻢﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﺗﻬﺪﺩﻛﻴﺎﻥﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﺤﺴﺐﺑﻞ
ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻐﺎﺀﻭﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻝ،ﻭﻧﺤﻮﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ
ﺑﺄﺳﺮﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
ﻛﻴﺎﻥ
ﻦ
ﺗﻮﺍﻓ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ
ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻖ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻳﺸﻜﻞﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ
ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺎﺕ
ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ
ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎﻳﻐﻴﺐﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ،ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺘﻢ
ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺰﺍﻑﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺭﺍﺣﺔ.ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ
. ١٢٥
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔﻭﺫﻟﻚ
، ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻜﻼ
ﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔﺳﺒﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ
ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ
ﺭﺑﻤﺎﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ
ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ.ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ
ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﺐ
ﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕﻳﻜﻮﻥﺑﺤﺮﺹﻭﻟﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻋﻠﻰﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺒﺎ
ﻭﻋﻼﺝﻫﺬﻩ
ﻭﺃﺳﺮﺗﻪ ﺪ
ﻓﻘ ، ﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺘﻪﻓﻲﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻋﻠﻰﻧﻔﺴﻪ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭﺍ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔﻭﻋﺪﻡﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮﻓﻴﻪ ،
ﻋﻤ
ﻳﺤﺒ ﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺇﺛﻤﺎﺃﻥ ﺲ
ﻓﻲ ،ﺫﻟﻚ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻛﻔﻰ( ﺀ
ﺣﺪﺭﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻴﺘﻲﻣﻦﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮ
ﻓﻘﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺯ :ﻝ
ﻭﺗﻜﻤ ،ﻕ
ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻌ ﻞ
")ﻗﻮﺗﻪ ،ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺃﻥﻳﻌﻠﻢﺃﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﻲ
ﻳﻤﻠﻚ
ﺍﻷﺭ
:ﻫﻮﺩ( ٦)،ﻓﺠﻤﻴﻊﻣﺎﺩﺏﻋﻠﻰﻭﺟﻪ ﺽ
ﺭﺯﻗﻬﺎﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽﺇﻻ
ﻭﻣﺎﻣﻦﺩﺁﺑﺔﻑ
ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﺗﻬﻢ
ﺑﺄﺭﺯﺍﻗﻬﻢ
ﻭﺩﺗﻜﻔﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﻭﻟﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺃﻥﻳﻠﺰﻡﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝﻓﻲﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﻼﺇﺳﺮﺍﻑ ﺃﻭﺗﻘﺘﻴﺮ؛
ﻬﺎﻛﻞ
ﺇﻟﻦﻋﺘﻘﻚﻭﻻﺗﺒﺴﻄ
ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻦﻳﺪﻙﻣﻐﻠﻮﻟﺔ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻻ
،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔﻗﺎﻝ
ﻓﻲﻣﺬﻣﻮﻡ
ﻓﻜﻼﻫﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺘﻴﺮ ﻭﻻ
، ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﺇﻟﻰﺣﺪ
ﻓﻲ ﺗﻤﺴﻚ
:ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ():٢٩ﺃﻱ ﻻ
ﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺭﺍ
ﻣﻠﻮﻣﺎ
ﻓﺘﻘﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻂ
ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓﻋﻠﻰﻣﺎ)ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ .
ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ،ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻻ
ﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﺴﻂﻳﺪﻙ
ﻰ
ﻢ ﻋﻠ
ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻬﻢﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻﻳﻌﺘﺪﻱ ﺑﻌﻀﻬ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ
ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔﻭﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺫﻣﺔ،ﺧﺎﺻﺔﻓﺈﻥﺃﺫﻥﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻟﻶﺧﺮﻲﻓ
،ﺑﻌﺾﻓﻠﻠﺰﻭﺝﺫﻣﺘﻪ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻮﻙﻭﺇﺛﻢﻣﻦﺿﻴﻌﻬﻢ ﺃﻭﺣﺒﺲ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓﺑﺎﺏﻓﻀﻞ
) ١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢ
ﻧﻔﻘﺘﻬﻢ،ﻋﻨﻬﻢﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٩٩٦).
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٣٧٧).
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ )(٢
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ(٤٥٦).
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
: ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- -١٢٦
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ
:ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ
gﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ
ﻳﺘﻌﺎﺭﻓﻮﻥﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢﻲﻓﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻉ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻉﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﺃﺟﺮﻯﺃﻣﺮﺍﻷﻣﺼﺎﺭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺭﻗﻢﺍ
١٣٧
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
،ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﺔ:ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝﻏﺎﺭﺕ( )،ﺃﻣﻜﻢﻓﻘﻮﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻲ
ﻏﻴﺘ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱﻛﺎﻥ
ﻳﺤﻤﻞﺻﻨﻴﻌﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻳﺬﻡ ﺑﻞ ﻱ
ﻳﺠﺮ ﻟﻔﻌﻠﻬﺎﻟﺜﻼ
»ﺃﻣﻜﻢﻓﻴﻪﺍﻋﺘﺬﺍﺭ
ﻏﺎﺭﺕ«
ﻋﻠ
ﻳﻘـﺪ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺭ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮﺓﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺮﻣﻦ
ﻋﻠﻰﻋﺎﺩﺓ
ﺩﻓﻌﻬﺎ
٢ﺇﻫﻤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒﻣﻦﺿﻐﻮﻁ:ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﻓﺈﻏﻔﺎﻝﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻟﻤﺎﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻕ،
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖﻣﻦﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻁ ،ﻭﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻟﻤﺎﺗﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﻭﻳﺜﻴﺮ.ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻉ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﺓﺑﻴﻦ
ﻳﺆﺟﺞﺍﻻﻧﻔﻌﺎﻻﺕ
ﻭﻋﻼﺝ ﺫﻟﻚﻳﻜﻮﻥ؛ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮﻛﻞﻃﺮﻑﻟﻤﺎﻳﻤﺮﺑﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ،ﻭﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ
ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺮﺧﺎ
ﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎ
ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ،ﻣﻊﺗﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﻥ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ
،ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻴﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ
ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ
ﻋﻨﻪﻭﻟﻮ
.ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ
ﻓـﺘﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺓ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺓ
٣ﻋﺪﻡﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕﺍﻟﻄﻤﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ
ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ
، ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕﻧﻔﺴﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﻭﻣﺎﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺃﻭ)ﺑﻌﺪﻩﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺚﺃﻱ(ﻓﺘﺮﺓ
:ﺃﻱ،ﺍﻧﺸﻘﺖﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(٥/١٢٥). )١
): ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺢ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﻱﻻﺑﻦﺣﺠﺮ(٥/١٢٦).
- -١٢٨
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺎﺱﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭﺇﻟﻰﺃﻥﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻣﻤﺎﻳﻮﺟﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻫﺬﻩ.ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ:ﻓﻜﺜﻴﺮﺍﻣﺎﻳﺠﻬﻞﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ
ﻟﻤﺮﺍﺣﻞ
ﺑﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ
ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻞ
- ٤
ﺎ
ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﻋﻨﺪﺍﻷﺑﻨﺎﺀ،
ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ
ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓﻟﻜﻞ
ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ
.ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺑﻬﻢﺩﺍﺧﻞ
ﻣﺎﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺫﻟﻚﺇﻟﻰﻋﺪﻡ
ﺑﺨﺼﺎﺋﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ
ﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ
ﺍﻹﻟﻤﺎﻡﺑﺄﻫﻢ
ﻟﻠﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ
ﻭﻟﻌﻼﺝﻫﺬﺍﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘ ﻰ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑﻋﻠﻰ
ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ؛ﻣﻦﺃﺟﻞ
ﻓﻲﻭﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ
٣٩
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮﺓ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﺃﺧﻲ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﺒﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ
. ١-ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ،ﺣﻜﻤﻪﻭﺣﻜﻤﺔ
٢-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﺷﺮﻭﻁﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ.ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺑﻪ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ
ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ
ﻓﻲﺷﺄﻥﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ.
ﻢ
٤ﺍﻟﻮﻋﻲﺑﺄﻫﻢﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲﺃﻥﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠ
ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺃﻭﻻ :ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ:ﻟﻐﺔﺍﻟﺘﺮﻙﻭﺍﻟﺤﻞﻭﺍﻹﺭﺳﺎﻝ:،ﻳﻘﺎﻝﺃﻃﻠﻘﺖﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺮﻣﻦ،ﻋﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﺮﻛﺘﻪ
)(١
ﻃﺎﻟﻖ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ:ﻓﻴﻘﺎﻝ،ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ،ﺧﻠﻴﺘﻬﺎﻓﻬﻲ
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻴﺮﻃﻼﻕ
ﺑﻼ،ﻗﻴﺪﻭﻣﻨﻪ
"ﺑﻌﻀﻪ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺃﻭ "، ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ:ﺑﺄﻧﻪﺣﻞﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﻳﻌﺮﻑ
ﻥ
ﻭﺇ ﻛﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ،ﻛﻠﻪ ﻥ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦﺟﻠﻒ:ﺇﻥ«ﻛﺎﻥﺑﺎﺋﻨﺎﻓﻬﻮﺣﻞﻟﻘﻴﺪ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
ﻗﺎﻝ
»""،ﻟﺒﻌﻀﻪ
ﺭﺟﻌﻴﺎﻓﻬﻮﺣﻞ
ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻪ ،ﺃﻣﺎﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻓﻼﺗﻤﻠﻚﺣﻖ
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺣﻖﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ ﺃﻭﻣﻦﻳﻮﻛﻠﻪﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ
ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ.ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻬﺎ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻭﻓﻖﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻓﻪ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺣﻜﻢ
،ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔﻭﺫﻟﻚﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ،ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻰ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻴﻔﻴﺔ
ﺗﻌﺘﺮﻳﻪﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﺃﺣﻮﺍﻟﻪ :
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻷﻫﻢﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺣﺎﺟﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻰ
ﺃﻣﺴ ﻣﺴﺖ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻣﺒﺎﺣﺎﺇﺫﺍ
:ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔﻳﻜﻮﻥ
- ١
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﻟﻘﻮﻟ :ﻰ
ﻟﻤﻌﺎﺷﺮﺓ،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻓﺤﻴﻨﺌﺬﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﺒﺎﺣﺎﻓﻲﺣﻘﻪ؛ ﻪ
ﻣﻄﻴﻖﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ(١).
ﻦ ﻟﻌﺪﺭﻥ :ﻕ
ﻓﻄﻠﻘﻮﻫ
،ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎ
ﻳﻨﺄﺍﻟﺒﺊﺇﺫﺍﻃﻠﻘﺌﺎ
ﻲ
ﻓﻲﻏﺮﻳﺐ،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥﻟﻠﺮﺍﻏﺐ ﺍﻷﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ
»،ﻃﻠﻖ«
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻟﺴﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻻﺑﻦ،ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺭﺍ )
ﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ(٧/٣٦٣).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ )(٢
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ (١٣/٥).
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ،ﻻﺑﻦ
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ ٣
- ١٣٣٠
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺣﺎﻟ
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎ ﻪ
ﺃﻗﺪﻡﻋﻠﻴﻪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻣﻊ ﻣﺔ
ﻣﻜﺮﻭﻫﺎﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔ:ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
-٢
،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﻋﺪﻡﻭﺟﻮﺩﺣﺎﺟﺔﻣﺎﺳﺔ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﺠﻮﺯ ﻟﻪﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ،
ﻭﺗﻜ ﺐ
ﻗﻠ ﺍﻷﺳﺮ ﺴﺮ
ﺗﺼﻴﺐ ﺓ،
ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﻣﻦﺃﺛﺎﺭ
ﻟﻤﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔﻧﻈﺮﺍ
ﻟﻜﻦﻣﻊ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﺪ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ،ﻓﻘﻴﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻻ
.ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔ
ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ،ﻟﻬﺎﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕﺗﺘﺄﻛﺪ
:ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎﺏ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞﺃﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻃﻠﺒﺖ ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺃﺩﺭﻙ
ﺯﻭﺟﺔ،ﻟﻪﺣﺘﻰﻭﻟﻮﻛﺎﻥﺭﺍﻏﺒﺎ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ
ﺑﻘﺎﺀﻫﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻣﻨﻪﺃﻭ
ﺗﻀﺮﺭﻫﺎ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻓﻴﻪ
ﻧﻔﺴﻲﻧﺸﺄﺑﺴﺒﺐﺯﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻷﻥﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ
ﺑﻤﺮﺽ
ﺃﺻﻴﺒﺖ
ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ .ﻋﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﺣﺎ
""ﺍﻹﻳﻼﺀ ﻝ
، ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻻﺕ:ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺣﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎ
:ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏﻳﻜﻮﻥ
-٤
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝ ﻋﻔﺔ،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺘﻌﻔﻔﺔ ﻋﻦﻓﻌﻞﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺭ
ﺩﻳﻮﺛﺎ
ﻳﻜﻮ .
ﺣﺘﻰﻻ ﻥ ﺗﻄﻠﻴﻘﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻠﻰﻳﺠﺐﻓﺤﻴﻨﺌﺬ
ﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﺎ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ،
ﻃﻠﻖ ﻞ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎﺇﺫﺍﻭﻗﻊ،ﺑﺪﻋﻴﺎﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ:ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻣﺔﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻩ-
ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻲﻣﻦﺫﻭﺍﺕ،ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺾﻭﻟﻢﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ
ﻓﻲﻃﻬﺮ
ﻭﻫﻲﺣﺎﺋﺾ ،ﺃﻭ
"،ﻳﻘﻊ
ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎﻏﻴﺮﺃﻧﻪ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ،ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ
ﻫﺬﻩﻓﻲ
ﻓﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ
،ﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎ
ﺃﺭﺑﻌ
ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰﺣﻠﻒ،ﻳﺤﻠﻒﻭﻫﻮﺃﻥﻳﺤﻠﻒﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻋﻠﻰﺗﺮﻙﻭﻁﺀﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦ ﺔ ): (١ﺍﻹﻳﻼﺀﻣﺼﺪﺭ«ﺁﻟﻰ،ﻳﻮﻟﻲ
ﻧﺴﺄﺑﻬ ﺺ
ﺗﺮﺋ ﻳﺆﻟﻮﻥﻣﻦ ﻢ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻟﻠﻨﻴﻦ
ﻟﻤﺪﺓ،ﺳﻨﺔ ﺃﻭ،ﻳﻄﻠﻖﻗﺎﻝ
،ﺃﺷﻬﺮﺑﺄﻥ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ،ﺃﺟﺎﻣﻌﻚ ﺇﻣﺎ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ( -٢٢٧)، ٢٢٦ﺩ
ﻓﺤﺪ ﺳﻤﻴﻊﻋﻠﻴﺔ
ﺃﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﺈﻥﺍﻟﻄﻠـﻖ
ﻋﺰﻣﻮﺍ
ﻏﻔﻮﺭﺭﺣﻴﺔ ﺕﻭﺇﻥ
ﻓﺈﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﺎﺀﻭ
ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻓﺈﻥ
ﺃﺯﻳﻌﺔ
ﻭﺇﻣ
ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﺎ
ﻛﻔﺎﺭ ،
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉﻭﻳﻜﻔﺮ ﺓ
:ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦﺇﻣﺎ
ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ،ﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﻜﻞﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ،ﺃﺷﻬﺮﻓﺈﻥﺗﻤﺖ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/١٢). (١٣
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
.ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻃﻠﻖﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻳﻔﻌﻞﺃﻟﺰﻡ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺇﺫﺍﻟﻢ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٣/١٤٢).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- ١٣٤
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺣﻜﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣ
ﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻢﻳﻄﺮﺃﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﺷﻲﺀﻣﻦ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺃﺻﻞﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝﻳﻜﻮﻥﺃﻧﻔﻊﻣﻦﺍﻟﺒﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻣﻌﻬﺎ؛ﻷﻥ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺼﻌﺐ
.ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﻤﺎ
ﻦ،ﺻﻌﺒﺎ ﻭﺭﺑ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ
ﻳﺠﻌﻞﺑﻘﺎﺀ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺮﺓﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎﻣﺎ
ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﺎﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ .ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﻳﺼﻞﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﺇﻟﻰﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟﺔ
ﺷﺮﻋ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺑﻤﺎﻳﻔﻮﺕﻋﻠﻰﺍﻵﺧﺮﻏﺮﺿﺎ ﻴﺎ
ﻭﻣﻦﺟﺎﻧﺐﺁﺧﺮ؛ﻗﺪﻳﺼﺎﺏﺃﺣﺪ
ﺑﻤﺮﺽ،ﻣﻌﺪﻭﻏﻴﺮﺫﻟﻚﺑﻤﺎ ﻞ
ﻳﺨ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﻋﻘﻴﻤﺎﺃﻭﻣﺼﺎﺑﺎ
ﻣﻦ،ﺯﻭﺍﺟﻪﻛﺄﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻭﺭﺑﻤﻳﺼﺎﺏ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﻏﻴﺒﺔ ﻻﻳﻌﻠﻢﻓﻴﻬﺎ،ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﺎ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ،ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﻳﻐﻴﺐ
ﺑﻐﺮﺽﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﻀﻴﻖﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻓﻼﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻭﻫﻲ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺍﺿﻴﺔﻓﻲﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺀ .
ﻣﻌﻪ
ﻝ
ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ ﻻﺗﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢﺃﻣﻮﺭﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻭﺇﻥﺑﻘﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎ
ﻭﻓﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺳﺪﺍﻟﺘﻲﺭﺑﻤﺎﺗﺒﻘﻰﻣﻌﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭﻣﻊﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺣﺘﻰ
ﺧﺸﻲﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎﻣﻦﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭ
ﻛﺬﻟﻚ
ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥﻋﻼﺟﺎﻟﻤﺎﺣﻞ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ
ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﺃﺑﺎﺡﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ،ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪﻭﻟﻬﺬﻩﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ
.ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺑﻨﺎ
ﻳﺠﻮ ﺀ
ﺑﺤﻴ ﻻ ﺯ
ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ،ﺚ
ﺧﺎﺭﺟﺎﻋﻦ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﺃﻣﺮﺍ
ﻫﺪﻡﻳﻈﻞ
ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﺖﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﺪﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ"".ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻨﻬﺎ
ﺇﻭ ﻫﻲﻫﺈﻱ
. ١٣٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﺁﺩﺍﺑﻪ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﻗﻴﺎﻡﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ؛ﻓﻐﻴﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺢﻣﻨﻪﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻭﻏﻴﺮ
"ﻳﺼﺢ
، ﻳﺘﺰﻭﺟﻬﻟﻢ
ﺎ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻗﺒﻞﺃﻥ
ﻃﻠﻖﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻓﻠﻮ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻻﻳﻘﻊﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
"""ﺑﺎﺋﻨﺔ ؛ﻷﻧﻬﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖﺯﻭﺟﺔ.ﻟﻪ
ﻃﻠﻖﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﻣﻨﻬﻦﻓﻴﺤﺪﺩﻫﺎ
ﻟﻠﻤﻄﻠﻖﺃﻥﻳﻌﻴﻦ ﺔ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝﻭﺟﻮﺩﺃﻛﺜﺮﻣﻦﺯﻭﺟﺔ
ﻭﻳﺠﺐ
.ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ
ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻫﺎﻋﻦ
ﺑﺎﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺑﺼﻔﺘﻬﺎﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺝ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗ ﻓﺨﺮ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ،ﻞ
ﻒﻫﻮﻣﻜﻠﻔﺎ؛ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻠ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻖﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ:ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ
ﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﻘ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻨﻮﻥ ﻟﻜﻦﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ،ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﻭﺧﺮﺝﺑﺎﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ؛
ﺇﻣ(
ﻓﻜﺜﺔ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﺫﻟﻚﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ :
، ﻰ
ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎﺑﻤﻌﻨ
ﻃﻼﻗﻪﻣﺘﻰﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻳﺼﺢ
ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ )ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻴﺎﺕ
ﻰ
ﻫﺎ ﻋﻠ
ﻟﻤﺎﻳﻘﻮﻝ؛ﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻜﺮ
ﻣﺨﺘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺪﺭﻛﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎﻟﻢﻳﻘﻊﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،
ﻭﺭﺿﺎﻩﻭﺛﺒﺖﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺪﻭﻥﺭﻏﺒﺘﻪ
ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺙ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ١٤).(١٣/
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ.ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻨﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲﺑﻴﺎﻥﻣﻌﻨﻰ
) (٢ﺃﻱﺑﺎﻧﺖﻣﻨﻪ
) (٣ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺪﺀﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ،ﺑﺎﺏ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎﻥﺑﺪﺀﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ،ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺪ
(١)،ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺓ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺇﻧﻤﺎﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻴﺔﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (١٩٠٧).
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ(٧٠٧).
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ/٤١)،(٢٠ﺭﻗﻢ): (٤ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ
ﻭﻓﻲﻓﺘﻮﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺭﻗﻢ (٢٠٨٢٧/٤٢)،ﺫﻛﺮﺿﺎﺑﻂﺍﻹﻛﺮﺍﻩ ،ﺣﻴﺚﺟﺎﺀﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯﻭﻗﺪ( ﺫﻛﺮﺑﻌﺾﺃﻫﻞ
ﺷﻲﺀﻣﻦ...،ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏﻭﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ:ﻗﺎﻝﺇﻥﻫﺪﺩﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞﻣﻜﺮﻫﺎﺣﺘﻰﻳﻨﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢﺿﺎﺑﻂﺍﻹﻛﺮﺍﻩﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ :ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮﻩ ﻻ...،ﻳﻘﻊ ﺃﻣﺎﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﻫﺪﺩﻩﺑﻪﻓﻬﻮ،ﺇﻛﺮﺍﻩﻭﻃﻼﻕ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉﻣﺎ
ﻭﻧﻤﺤﻮﻩﻗﺎﺩﺭﻳﻐﻠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻈﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ
ﺃﻭﺃﺧﺬ
. ١٣٦٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ
»ﻭﻗﻊ ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﻘﻊ ،ﻓﻠﻮ:ﻗﺎﻝﺃﻧﺖ«ﻃﺎﻟﻖ
ﺃﻣﺎﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﻗﺎﺻﺪﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ
ﻭﻫﺰﻟﻬ:ﺟﺪ
ﺟﺪﻫﻦﺟﺪ ﻦ
:ﺷﻜﻲﺛﻼﺙ(
ﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻥﺟﺎﺩﺍﺃﻡﻫﺎﺯﻻ،ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ))،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﺔ
،ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦﻛﻔﺨﻪ :ﺇﻥ«:ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﺎﺃﻣﺰﺡﻣﻊﺯﻭﺟﺘﻲ:ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﺃﻧﺖ
ﻗﺎﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ؛
ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ،ﺗﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﺣﻜﻢ ﻕ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ ،ﺃﻭﻣﺎﺃﺷﺒﻪ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﻣﺎﻗﺼﺪﺕﺃﻧﻬﺎ
ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻥﻋﺎﻗﻞ ،،ﻳﻌﻘﻞ،ﻭﻳﻤﻴﺰ ﻭﻳﺪﺭﻱ ﻣﺎ،ﻫﻮ
ﻷﻥﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔﻭﺟﺪﺕﻣﻨﻪ،ﻭﻫﻮ
ﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﻠﻪ.ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻧﺤﻜﻢﻓﻬﻮ
ﺃﻣﺎ
ﻟﻮﻗﻮﻋ.ﺑﻬﺎ
ﻪ ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣ
ﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ
-ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ :ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥ
ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ :
ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ
ﺏ
ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎ ﻧﻔﺴﻪﺩﻭﻥﺃﻥﻳﻠﺤﻘﻪ،ﺃﺫﻯﻭﻣﻊﺫﻟﻚ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﺺ
ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ
ﻓﻌﻠﻪﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻻﻳﺼﻞﺇﻟﻰﺣﺪﺍﻹﻛﺮﺍﻩ،ﺣﻴﺚﺃﻧﻪ
ﻓﻄﻼﻗﻪ).ﻭﺍﻗﻊ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﻔﺘﻮﻯ(١٠٨١١).
ﻭﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ
ﻟﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻋﻠﻰﻏﻠﻂ ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﺣﻤﺪ (٦/٢٧٦)،ﻭﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺮﻩ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﻲﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢٠٤٦).
(٢١٩٣)،ﻭﺍﺑﻦﻣﺎﺟﻪﻓﻲﺳﻨﻨﻪ ،ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻃﻼﻕ
ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺎﺑﻲ(٣/٢٤٢).
،ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ
ﻣﻮﺳﻮﺳﺎﻭﺟﺮﻯﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆﻋﻠﻰﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪﺑﺪﻭﻥ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٥/٢٩٩)،ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ،ﻻﺑﻦ
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ/٨٨).(١٣
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
.ﻗﺼﺪ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
) (٤ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻌﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻣﺎﺟﺎﺀﻓﻲﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﺍﻟﻬﺰﻝﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻓﻲﺇﺭﻭﺍﺀﺍﻟﻐﻠﻴﻞ (٦/٢٢٤).
ﻭﺣﺴﻨﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
».ﻏﺮﻳﺐ
:(١١٨٤).ﻭﻗﺎﻝﺣﺪﻳﺚ«ﺣﺴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ،ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/٦٣). (١٣
) (٥ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
. ١٣٧٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺤﻳﻘﻊ
ﺔ :ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺃﻥ
ﻓﻲﺇﻳﻘﺎﻉ
ﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ
ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ
ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺤﺔ
ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅ
ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕﺑﻴﻦ
ﻼ ﻊ
ﻳﻘ ﺔ؛ ﻓ
،ﻣﺎﺯﺣﺎﻭﺃﻣﺎﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﺋﻴ
ﻫﺎﺯﻻﺃﻡ
ﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻥﺟﺎﺩﺍﺃﻡ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﻟﻮﻟﻢ،ﻳﻨﻮﻩ
ﺑﻬﺎ
ﺑﻬﺎﻃﻼﻕ ؛ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍﻧﻮﺍﻩﻧﻴﺔﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔﻟﻠﻔﻈﻪ ؛ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅﺗﺤﺘﻤﻞﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ؛ ﻓﻼﺗﺘﻌﻴﻦﻟﻠﻄﻼﻕ ﺇﻻ ﺑﻨﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻮ ﺑﻬﺎﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻊ ؛ ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻣﻦ
ﻭﺟﺪﺕﻗﺮﻳﻨﺔ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ؛ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮﺗﻠﻔﻆﺑﺎﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝﺧﺼﻮﻣﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﻴﻦ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝﻛﻮﻧﻪﺟﻮﺍﺑﺎﻋﻦﺳﺆﺍﻟﻬﺎﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻣﻨﻪ ،
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝ،ﻏﻀﺐ ﺃﻭ
،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻭﺗﻠﻔﻆ ﺑﻬﺎ
ﺑﺄﻟﻔﺎﻅﺍﻟﻜﻨﺎﻳﺔﻭﻟﻮ:ﻗﺎﻝﻟﻢﺃﻧﻮ؛ﻷﻥﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﻨﺔﺗﺪﻝﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝﻳﻘﻊ
ﻳﺼﺪﻕ:ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪﻟﻢﺃﻧﻮﻩ
ﺃﻧﻪ،ﻧﻮﺍﻩﻓﻼ
ﻭﻭﺟﺪ ﻪ
ﻓﻴ ﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆﺩﺍﻻ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔﻣﺘﻰﻛﺎﻥ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻔﻆﻳﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻳﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ.ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ
- ١٣٨
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
"ﺑﻪ ،
ﺍﻧﻌﻘﺎﺩﻧﻴﺘﻪﻋﻠﻴﻪﺩﻭﻥﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﻆﺑﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻﻳﻘﻊ "
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕﺃﻭ
ﻣﺠﺮﺩﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮ
ﺃﻣﺎ
ﻊ
ﻓﺈﻧ ﻻ ﻳﻘ
ﺃﺧﺮﺱ ﻪ
، ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﺎﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﻣﺜﻞﺫﻟﻚ
ﺑﻬﺎ "،ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
.ﻭﺁﺩﺍﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﻗﻪ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻗﺒﻞﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺋﻬﺎﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎ
ﻳﺠﺪﺭﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ،ﺑﻬﺎﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﻫﺬﻩﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﻟﺘﻲﺃﻣﺮ
ﻣﻠﺘﺰﻣﻴﻦﺑﺄﺩﺍﺏ
ﻋﺎﺩﻟﻴﻦ
ﺣﻠﻴﻤﻴﻦ
ﻳﺄﺗﻰ:
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﺇﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻭﺗﺘﻴﺢ ﺔ
ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ؛ﻷﻧﻬﺎﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﻮﺩ
ﺑﻄﻠﻘﺔ
ﺭﺟﻌﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
- ١ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺇﻥ ﻖ
ﺗﻮﺍﻓ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺑﻬﺎﺟﻮﺍﺯ
،ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺺﻛﻤﺎ
ﻓﻲﻣﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥ
ﻧﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ .ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻟﺔﻫﺪﻭﺀ ﻻﻏﻀﺐ.ﻓﻴﻪ
٢ﺃﻥﻳﻘﻊﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻛﺬﻟ ﺒﺮ
ﻓﻠﻴﺼﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟ ﻚ
ﺗﻜﻦ ﺔﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢ
،ﺟﻤﺎﻉ
ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻪ
ﻃﻬﺮﻟﻢ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
- ٣ﺃﻥﻳﻘﻊ
.ﺃﻣﺴﻜﻬﺎ
ﺣﺘﻰ،ﺗﻄﻬﺮ ﺛﻢﺇﻥﺷﺎﺀ،ﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎﻭﺇﻥﺷﺎﺀ
ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻬﺎﻣﻦ،ﺑﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﻻﺗﺨﺮﺝﻫﻲﻣﻨﻪ ﺇﻻﺇﺫﺍﺃﺗﻤﺖﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﺇﻻﺃﻥ ﺗﺄﺗ
ﻲ ٤ﺃﻥ ﻻ
ﻟﻌﺪﻫﺮ
ﻥ ﻫﻦ
،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ ﻓﻄﻠﻘﻮ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﺄﻳﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﺊﺇﺫﺍﻃﻠﻘﺌﺎ
ﺑﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ،ﺑﻴﻨﺔﻗﺎﻝ
ﻦ ﻭﺍﺗﺮﺷﺖ ﺍﻻ
ﻋﺮﺟﻮﻣﺮﻥﻣﻦﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻩﻭﺍﺛﻔﻮﺍﺍﻟﻪ ﺭﺋﻔﺔ ﻻ
ﻭﺍﺧﻄﻮﺍ
)ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ.(١:
ﺑﻔﻨﺠﺸﺔ ﻣﻴﻴﺘﺔ
ﺃﻥﻳﺄﺗﻴﻦ
ﺀ
،ﻪ ﺇﺑﻘﺎ
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻔﺎﺑﺰﻭﺟﺘ
ﺗﻌﻨﻴﻒﺃﻭ ﻑ
ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻠﻴﻖﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ
ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ
ﻳﺘﻠﻄﻒ
ﻩ -ﺃﻥ
ﻓﺠﻌﻬﺎﺑﻪﻣﻦﺃﺫﻯ .ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ﻟﺨﺎﻃﺮﻫﺎ؛ﺑﻤﺎ
ﻭﺗﻄﻴﻴﺒﺎﻟﻘﻠﺒﻬﺎﻭﺟﺒﺮﺍ
،ﻭﺩﻫﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻗﻮﻋﻪ
، ﻟﻠﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ ﺃﻻﺗﻌﻨﻒﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰﻃﻼﻗﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟ:
ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻷﻣﺮ،ﻗﺎﻝ ﻰ
ﻭﺣﺴﺒﻬﺎﺃﻥﺗﺮﺿﻰﺑﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻭﺃﻥﺗﺴﺄﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(١٩).
ﻭﺗﺠﻌﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻴﻪﺧﻴﺮﺍ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ
ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻮﺍﺷﻴﻬﺎ
ﻓﻌﻤﻦﺃﻥ
ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍ .
ﺯﻭ ﺃﺭﺩﺗ ﻝ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﺇﻥ ﻢ
،ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻗﺎﻝ
ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎﺣﻘﺎ
ﻳﺒﺨﺲ
- ٦ﺃﻥ ﻻ
ﺗﻪﻳﻬﺘﺎ
ﺷﻴﻘﺃﻧﺄﺣﺪﻭ
ﻧﺄﺣﺪﻭﻣﻨﻪ "ﺎ
ﻓﻠﻼ ﺍ ﻗﻨﻄﺎﺭ
ﺇﺣﺪﻧﻬ ﺍ
ﻭ.ﺍﺗﻴﺘﺔ ﺲ
ﻣﻜﺎﺭﺯﻭﺝ
ﺑﻤ ﻩ
ﺁﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﺎ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﺃﺧﺬ ﻖ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(٢٠).ﻓﻘﺪﻭﺻﻒﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻣﺒﻴﺘﺎﻩ
ﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺘﻪ :ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻬﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻮ،ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ﻭﺑﺎﻹﺛﻢ:ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻦ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺩﺡ ،
ﺀ
ﺍﺑﺘﻐﺎ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ :ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺭﻏﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻭﺣﺪﻩﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﻄﻠﻴﻖ؛
ﻓﻴﺠﻮﻟﻪ
ﺯ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎﻝ؛
ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺪﺍﻝ«ﺯﻭﺝﻣﻜﺎﻥ»،ﺯﻭﺝ ﺃﻣﺎﺣﺎﻝﺭﻏﺒﺘﻬﺎﻫﻲ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ.
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﻦ
ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻰﻋﻨﺪ
"""،ﺑﻌﻀﻪﻛﻤﺎ
ﺁﺗﺎﻫﺎﺃﻭ
ﺃﺧﺬﻛﻞﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔﺃﻻﺗﺄﺧﺬﺷﻴﺌﺎﻣﻦﺃﻣﻼﻙﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺍﻟﺘﻲﻟﻢ ﻥ
ﻳﺄﺫ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﻓﻲ
ﺗﺴﺘﺄﺫﻧﻪﺣﺘﻰﻳﺮﺿﻰ.
ﺷﻲﺀﻭﻟﻮﻳﺴﻴﺮﺍﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﺃﻥ
،ﺑﻬﺎﻓﺈﻥﺃﺭﺍﺩﺕﺃﺧﺬ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝﻭﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒﺣﻜﻢ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎﺋﻬﺎﺷﻴﺌﺎﻣﻦ
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖ
٧ﺃﻥﻳﻤﺘﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ :ﻋﺪﻣﻪ
ﻟﻘﻮ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻠ ﻌﺔﻭﺍﺟﺒﺔ ،ﻝ
ﻳﺴﻢﻣﻬﺮﺍﻓﺎﻟﻤﺘ
ﻳﺪﺧﻞﺑﻬﺎﻭﻟﻢ
ﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻟﻢ
ﻀﺔ
ﻦ ﻓﺮﻳ
ﺗﻘﺮﺿ ﻟﻬ
ﺗﻤﺸﻮﻫﺃﻭ ﻮﺍ
،ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﻣﺎﻟﻢ ﻦ
ﻃﻠﻔﻢ
ﻋﻠﻴﻜﺰﺇﻥ
:ﺟﻴﻚ ﻻﺟﺘﺎﺡ
ﻟﻠﻘﺮﻃﺒﻲ(٣/١٤٠).
،ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- -١٤
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻰ
ﺣﻔ ﻋﻠ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻐﺮﻭ ﺎ
ﻱ ﻗﺪﺭﻫﻣﺘﻌﺎ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻊﻗﺪﺭﺓ
ﻋﻠﻰﻭﻣﺘﻌﻮﻫﻦ
ﻣﻌﺸﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝ ﺡ
ﺟﻨﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ«ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺮ
: ٢٣٦)،ﺃﻱ
ﺁﻟﺨﺴﻴﻴﻦ:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(
،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻴﺲﻭﻓﺮﺽ،ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ ﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺴﺮ
،ﻭﺇﺛﻢﺑﺘﻄﻠﻴﻖﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻗﺒﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎ،
ﺗﻌﻄﻮﻫﺷﻴﺌﺎﻣﻦ ﻝ
ﻦ ﺗﻤﺘﻌﻮﻫﺑﺄﻥ
ﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ ،ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻜﻢﺃﻥ
،ﻟﻬﺎﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﻨﺠﺒﺮ
ﺴﺮ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰﺁﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﻩ :ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻌ.ﻟﺨﻮﺍﻃﺮﻫﻦ ﻋﻠﻰﺁﻟﻮﺳﻊﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﺟﺒﺮﺍ
ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﻭﻫﺬﺍﻳﺮﺟﻊﺇﻟﻰ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻑﻭﺃﻧﻪﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ
ﻟﻴﻟﻬﻢ ﻥﺃ
ﻲ ﻓﻬﺬﺍﺣﻖﻭﺍﺟﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺨﺴﻴﻴﻦﺲ
ﻳﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻓ
:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﻌﺎ
ﻳﺒﺨﺴﻮﻫﻦ ،ﻓﻜﻤﺎﺗﺴﺒﺒﻮﺍﻟﺘﺸﻮﻓﻬﻦ،ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻴﺎﻗﻬﻦﻭﺗﻌﻠﻖ،ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ".
ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔﺫﻟﻚ "»
ﻓﻲﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ
ﻳﻌﻄﻮﻫﻦﻣﺎﺭﻏﺒﻦﻓﻴﻪ ،
ﺇﻟ
-ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺑﻌﺪﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝﻓﻤﻦﺃﻫﻞﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦﺫﻫﺐ ﻰ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
: ،ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎﺑﻪﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦﺫﻫﺐﺇﻟﻰ""،ﻭﺟﻮﺑﻪﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻜ
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ():٢٤١ﺃﻱ ﻞ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺌﻔﻴﺖ ﺓ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻐﺮﻭﻱﺣﻔﺎ
ﻭﻟﻠﻤﻄﻠﻘﺖﻣﺘﻊ
ﻟﺒﻌ
ﻟﺨﺎﻃﺮﻫﻭﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﺾ
ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﺣﻘﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ،ﻣﻄﻠﻖﺟﺒﺮﺍ
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔﻣﺘﺎﻉ
)٣
»ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎ .
ﺑﻠﺴﺎﻧﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻓﻼﻳﻠﻮﻛﻬﺎﻫﻮ ﻪ
ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻬﻤﺎﺑﻌﺪ
ﻓﻲ ٨ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎﺻﺎﺣﺒﻲﻓﻀﻞ
ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺑﻴﻨﻜﺔﻥﺇ
ﺛﻨﺴﺆ ﻞ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﻭﻻ ﺍ
ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ؛ﺍﻣﺘﺜﺎﻻ
ﻫﻲﻣﻨﻪ
ﺗﻨﺎﻝ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/٣٠٨).(١٢
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ،ﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ (١٠٦). )٣
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻳﻠﻠﻔﻈﻲﻓ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪﻱ ﻪ
٢٣٧).ﻗﺎﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(
ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥﺑﺼﻴﺮﻩ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺑﻤﺎ
:ﺩﺭﺟﺘﻴﻦﺇﻣﺎﻋﺪﻝﻭﺇﻧﺼﺎﻑﻭﺍﺟﺐ،
ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ«ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢﻋﻠﻰ
:ﺍﻵﻳﺔ
:ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺧﺬ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐﻭﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ،ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻓﻀﻞ،ﻭﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﻮﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ
ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺐﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﻭﺍﻟﻐﺾﻣﻤﺎﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻓﻼﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻦ
ﻓﻲﺑﻌﺾﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ،ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ﻟﻤ
ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥﺃﻥﻳﻨﺴﻰﻫﺬﻩ،ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻭﻟﻮ
)(١
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﻡ
» ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻀﻞ
ﻣﺠﺎﺯ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻨﻴ ،ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻄﺔﻓﺈﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ
،ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻴﻨﻚﻭﺑﻴﻨﻪ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﺇﻓﺸﺎ ﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﻋﻦ ﺀ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻲ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭﻫﻤﺎ،ﻓﻘﺪﺟﺎﺀ
ﻳﻔﺸﻴﺎﺷﻴﺌﺎﻣﻦ
- ٩ﺃﻻ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
، ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ؛ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪ
ﻭﻟﺨﺺ ،ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ
ﺇﻟ
:ﺇﻥ(ﻣﻦﺃﺷﺮﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻨﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔﻳﻮﻡ،ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻳﻔﻀﻲ ﻰ
)(٢
)ﺳﺮﻫﺎ
ﻭﺗﻔﻀﻲﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﺛﻢﻳﻨﺸﺮ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ ،
ﻓﻤ ﻰ
ﺃﻓﺸ ﻣﻮﺩﻋﺔﻋﻨﺪﺍﻷﺧﺮ ،ﻦ
ﺃﻣﺎﻧﺔ
ﻭﺃﻗﻮﺍﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝﻛﻞﻣﻦ
ﻭﻧﻌﺪ
ﻭﺃﺷﺎﻋﻪﻓﻘﺪ،ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻭﻳﺮﻭﻯ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺎﺀ ﺃﻧﻪﺃﺭﺍﺩ
ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺎﻛﺮﻫﻪ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ
!ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻲ؟ﻓﻠﻤﺎﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎ
ﻃﻼﻕ:ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻓﻘﻴﻞ:ﻟﻪﻟﻢ؟:ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﻴﻒﺃﺫﻛﺮﻋﻴﺐ
"""ﺃﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ
. ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ
ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻬﺎ؟ﻗﺎﻝﻛﻴﻒﺃﺫﻛﺮﻋﻴﺐ
ﻗﻴﻞ:ﻟﻪ ﻟﻢ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(١٤٣٧).
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺭﻗﻢ
ﺇﻓﺸﺎﺀﺳﺮ
ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ،ﺑﺎﺏ
ﻣﺴﻠﻢ
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ،ﻟﻠﻬﺮﻭﻱ (٥/٢٠٩٣).
ﻣﺮﻗﺎﺓ
- ١٤٢
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
.ﺻﻔﺘﻪ
ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ
:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ :
ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚﺻﻔﺘﻪﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻘﻊﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻭﻉ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻲ:ﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
-
""".ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ
ﺷﺮﻋﻪﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
،ﺷﺮﻭﻁﻫﻲ:
ﻳﻜﻮﻥﺳﻨﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺣﺘﻰ
ﻓﻲﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ
١ﺃﻥﻳﻄﻠﻖﻣﺮﺓ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﺄﻥ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺖﻃﺎﻟﻖﻃﻠﻘﺔ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ:ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺖ
،ﻃﺎﻟﻖ .ﻭﻳﺴﻜﺖ
ﺟﺎﻣﻌ ﻥ
ﻛﺎ ﻳﺠﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ،ﻓﻴﻪﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥﻗﺪ ﻬﺎ
ﻃﻬﺮﻫﺎﺍﻟﺬﻱﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺣﺎﻝ
- ٢ﺃﻥﻳﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺪﻋﻴﺎﺇﻻﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﺣﺎﻣﻼﻗﺪﺗﺒﻴﻦ.ﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎ
ﺗﻨﻘﻀﻲ.ﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎ
٣ﺃﻥﻳﺘﺮﻛﻬﺎﺣﺘﻰ
ﻟﻠﻄﻼﻕﺑﺄﻧﻪﻃﻼﻕﺳﻨﻲ
ﻧﻤﺤﻜﻢ
ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮﻫﺎﺣﺘﻰ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﻻﺑﺪﻣﻦ
ﻓﻬﺬﻩ
ﻲ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻥ
ﻛﺄ ،ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻋﻲ:ﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻮﻗﻊﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬ
-ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﻲﻓﻃﻬﺮ ﻬﺎ
ﻭﻃﻨ ﻧﻔﺴﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺎ
ﺣﺎﺋﺾﺃﻭ ،
ﻭﻫﻲ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ
ﺑﻠﻔﻆ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎﺛﻼﺛﺎ
ﻓﻴﻪﻭﻟﻢﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ".ﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ(٢/٣٩٠).
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٣/٣٦).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
.ﺳﻨﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﻫﻮ
ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ ٣٩).(٢/١ﺃﻣﺎﺇﻥﺗﺒﻴﻦﺣﻤﻠﻬﺎﻓﻴﺼﺢ
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻣﺤﺴ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ""ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻋﻲ ﺐ
ﻓﻲﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺣﺼﻮﻝﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﻗﺪﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ
ﺑﺴﺒﺒ
ﻦ ﻪ ،ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪﻓﻔﻲﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺎﻟﺜﻼﺙ ،ﻳﺮﻯﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﺃﻫﻞﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢﺃﻧﻪﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻭﺗـﺒﻴ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺻﺪﺭﺑﺎﻷﻛﺜﺮﻳﺔﻲﻓ
""،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻪﻭﻫﻮﻣﺎﺃﺧﺬ ﺑﻪﻗﺮﺍﺭﻫﻴﺜﺔ ﻛﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ
ﺃﻫ
ﺑﻌ ﻞ
"""»ﺛﻼﺛﺎﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎﺍﻋﺘﺒﺮ ﺾ
، ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙﺑﻠﻔﻆﻭﺍﺣﺪ
ﺑﻮﻗﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ
ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ«
.ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺎﻟﺜﻼﺙ
ﻳﻜﻔﻈﻪﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ""ﺑﺎﺯ
ﻭﻣﻨﻬﻢ
"ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ.ﺃﺛﺮﻩ :ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ-
ﺑﻘﺴﻴﻢ
:ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ
ﻳﺤﺪﺛﻪﻣﻦﺃﺛﺮﺇﻟﻰ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻣﺎ
ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ
ﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲ ﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻮﻗﻌﻪﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺘ
-ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺑﻘﻮﻟ
ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭ ﻪ
ﺓ "ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻴﻦ،ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ
" ﻃﻠﻘﺔﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ
،ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎﺑﺄﻥ
ﺩﺧﻞﺑﻬﺎﺩﺧﻮﻻ
)٢٢٩
ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ( .
ﺑﺈﺣﺴﻨﻦ :ﺓ
ﺗﺴﺮﻳﺢ
ﻳﻤﻌﺰﻭﺃﻭ
ﻓﺈﻣﺴﺎﻙ ﻑ
ﻣﺮﺗﺎﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﺍﻟﻄﻠـﻖ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﻓﺘﻮﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔﻟﻺﻓﺘﺎﺀ،
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/٣٨) (١٣ﻭﻟﻌﻞﻣﻦﺃﺟﻤﻊﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
: ) ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻓﻲﻃﻬﺮﻣﺴﻬﺎ،ﻓﻴﻪ ،ﻧﻔﺎﺱ ﺃﻭﻓﻲ،ﺣﻴﺾ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺗﻪ
ﻳﻄﻠﻖﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻋﻲ،ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ:ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ«:ﻭﻧﺼﻬﺎ
ﺓ
ﻃﻼﻗﺎ،ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﻃﻠﻘﺔﻭﺍﺣﺪﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢﺃﻧﻪﻳﻌﺘﺪﺑﻪ
ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎﺛﻼﺛﺎ،
:ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺃﻥﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ.ﻳﻘﻊ
ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ(٢٠/٥٨).(١)،
ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ
ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ
».ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺑﻠﻔﻆ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺛﻼﺛﺎ
ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢﻣﻦﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ،ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ/٣٦) (١٣
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ )(٢
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ )(١/٢٩٧
:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺃﻳﺤﺎﺙﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ )٣
- ١٤٤
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﻧﻠﺨﺺﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻲﺟﻤﻠﺔﻣﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﻳﺮﺗﺒﻂ
ﺓ
ﻬﺎﻣﺮ
ﻣﻤﺎﻳﻤﻠﻚﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﺑﺄﻥﻳﻄﻠﻘ
ﺭﺟﻌﻴﺎﺇﻻﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺑﺄﻗﻞ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
- ١ﻻﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺃﻭﻣﺮﺗﻴﻦ ،ﻓﺈﻥﻃﻠﻘﻬﺎﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﺖ.ﻣﻨﻪ
٢ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲﻭﻗﺖﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﺔﺑﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓﻓﺈﺫﺍﻃﻬﺮﺕﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﺤﻴﻀﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ؛
ﻭﺷﺎﻫﺪﻱ.ﻋﺪﻝ
ﻭﺑﻮﻟﻲ
ﻟﻢﺗﺤﻞﻟﻪ ؛ ﺇﻻﺑﻨﻜﺎﺡﺟﺪﻳﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﺯﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﻣﺖﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺎﺕﻣﻦﻧﻔﻘﺔﻭﻛﺴﻮﺓ
- ٣
ﻭﻣﺴﻜﻦ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻦ ﻭﺗﺘﺰﻳﻦ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﻠﻪ
،ﻳﺮﺍﺟﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﺙ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕﻓﻲ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﻟﻪﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﺓ
.ﺑﻬﺎ
ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ )(٤..-٢/٣٩٨
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/١٣٠).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- ١٤٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕﺑﺸﺄﻥﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘـﺒﻠ
ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥﻧﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎﺑﺸﺄﻥﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻟﻄﻼﺑﻨﺎﻭﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻴﻦ
ﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻋﻦﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻋﻠﻰﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦﺃﺳﺮﺓﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ :
ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎ
ﺕ ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻲ،ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻭﺿﻊ ﻟﻪﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﻘﺼﺪ
ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅﻋﻠﻰ
ﺃﻥ
ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﺗﻜﻔﻠﺖﺑﺤﻞﺍﻟﺨﻼﻓﺎﺕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﺩﻭﻥﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ.ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺃﻥﻳﺮﻋﻴﺎﺣﺮﻣﺔﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻭﻳﻘﺪﺭﺍ ﻟﻪ،ﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﻦ
ﻭﻟﻴﻜ ﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝﻭﺟﻮﺩ.ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮﺃﺷﺪ
ﻟﻠﺸﻨﻘﻴﻄﻲ(١١٧/٥).
،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻨﻊ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﺯﺍﺩ
ﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(١٠٢).
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
- ١٤٦٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻣﺤ
ﺩﺍﺋﻤ ﻞ
ﻳﺠﻌﻠ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻳﺔﺑﻞ ﻬﺎ
، ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ
ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ
ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻻ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻓﻲﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ،ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚﺃﻥﻳﺴﺘﺼﻌﺐﻫﺬﻩ
ﺣﺬﺭﻋﻨﺪﻩﺣﺘﻰ
.ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻘﻞ
ﺍﻷﻟﻔﺎﻅﻓﻼﻳﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﺇﻻﺑﻌﺪﺍﻟﺘﺮﻭﻱﻭﺍﻹﺩﺭﺍﻙ
ﺗﻘﺪﻳ
ﺫﻫﻨﻲﻓ ﺮ
ﻓﻴﻌﻤ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻞ
ﻳﺪﺭﺱﺍﻷﻣﺮﺟﻴﺪﺍﻗﺒﻞﺇﻳﻘﺎﻉ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥ
ﻭﺣﺎ ﻪ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻟﺤﺎﻟ ﻝ
ﺷﺎﻣﻼ ﻪ
ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫ
ﺎ ﻓﻲ
ﻧﻈﺮﻩ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺳﺪﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺥ
.ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻝﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ،ﻭﻣﺎﺳﻮﻑﺗﺆﻭﻝﺇﻟﻴﻪﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻢ
ﺯﻭﺟ ﺮﺍ
ﺧﻴ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻓﻘﺪﻳﺒﺪﻝ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉﻳﻴﺄﺳﺎﻋﻨﺪ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺃﻻ
ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ
ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻗﺎﻳﻌﻦﺃﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﻼ ﻦﻣ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ :ﻭﺇﻥ
ﻣﻦ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﻳﺒﺪﻟﻪﺯﻭﺟﺔﺧﻴﺮﺍ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝ
ﻣ«
ﺣﻜﻴﻤﺎﻩ:ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺀ(:١٣٠)،ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻪﻭﻣﻦﺳﻌﻴﻪ :ﺃﻱ ﻦ
ﻭﺳﻌﺎ
ﻭﻛﺎﻥﺁﻟﻠﻪ
،ﺳﻌﻨﻪ
ﻓﻀﻠﻪﻭﺇﺣﺴﺎﻧﻪﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ.ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞﻓﻴﻐﻨﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺧﻴﺮﻟﻪ ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻭﻳﻐﻨﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻔﺑﺄﺭﺯﺍﻕﺟﻤﻴﻊ
ﺍﻧﻘﻄﻊﻧﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎﻣﻦ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻓﺈﻥﺭﺯﻗﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﻞ
ﻓﻀﻠﻪﻭﺇﻥ
،ﺑﻤﺼﺎﻟﺤﻬﻢﻭﻟﻌﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﺮﺯﻗﻬﺎﺯﻭﺟﺎﺧﻴﺮﺍﻣﻨﻪ ،ﻭﺍﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻩ
ﻭﺳﻌﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻖ ،ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ
ﻭﺇﺣﺴﺎﻧﻪﺇﻟﻰ ﺣﻴﺚﻭﺻﻞ
ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞﻭﺍﺳﻊ،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ ﻭﺻﻠﺖﺭﺣﻤﺘﻪ
ﺃﻱ :ﻛﺜﻴﺮ
ﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﺫﺍ
ﻓـﺈ . ،ﺑﺤﻜﻤﺔﻭﻳﻤﻨﻊ
ﻳﻌﻄﻲ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪ،ﻋﻠﻤﻪﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪﻣﻊﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﻜﻴﻤﺎﺃﻱ :
ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪﻣﻨﻊﺑﻌﺾﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩﻣﻦﺇﺣﺴﺎﻧﻪ ،ﺑﺴﺒﺐﻣﻦﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻻ ﺍﻗﺘﻀﺖ
ﺍﻻﺣﺴﺎﻥ،ﺣﺮﻣﻪﻋﺪﻻ»".ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺔ
- -١٤٧
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔﻋﺸﺮﺓ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ،ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﻭﻓﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺃﺧﻲ/ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ :
ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ -ﺑﻌﺪ
.ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺑﻪ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺃﻫﻢ
١
ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ،ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ﻭﻣﺎﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪﻣﻦ.ﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺍﻹﻟﻤﺎﻡ
٢-
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘ.ﺑﺬﻟﻚ
ﺔ ٣-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺜﺒﺖﺑﻬﺎﺧﻴﺎﺭﻓﺴﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
.ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻗﺜﺎ:ﺃﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻞ:ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏﺇﺫﺍ ﺩ
ﺗﺠﺮ .ﺍﻹﺯﺍﻟﺔ:ﻳﻘﺎﻝﺧﻠﻊ
:ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺀﻓﻌﻞ
ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔﺑﻔﺘﺢ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
""".ﺫﻟﻚ
،ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ:ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻀﻢﺍﻻﺳﻢﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝﻋﻠﻰ
ﺎ
ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺑﻌﻮﺽﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻣﻨﻬﺎﺃﻭﻣﻦ
ﻓﺮﺍﻕ«ﺯﻭﺝﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻭﻓﻲ:ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ
»ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺔ ).(٢
ﺑﺄﻟﻔﺎﻅ
ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﺎ
ﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﻟﺒﺎﺳﺎﻟﻠﺮﺟﺎﻝ،
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﺟﻌﻞ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕﺧﻠﻌﺎﻷﻥﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻭﺳﻤﻲﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻤ
ﺕ ﺮﺃﺓ
:ﺓ(١٨٧؛ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺍﻓﺘﺪ
ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻟﻬﻨﻪﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ(
ﻭﺃﻧﺜﻢ
ﻟﻴﺒﺎﺱﻟﻜﺔ
ﻟﺒﺎﺳﺎ،ﻟﺒﻦ:ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﻫﻦ
ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻪﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻟﻴﺒﻨﻬﺎﻣﻨﻪﻓﺄﺟﺎﺑﻬﺎﺇﻟﻰ،ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻘﺪﺑﺎﻧﺖﻣﻨﻪﻭﺧﻠﻊﻛﻞﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺎ
ﻣﻨﻬﻤ ﺑﻤﺎﻝ
""".ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ
ﻟﺒﺎﺱ
.ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺘﻪ
:gﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔﻣﺘﻰﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﺖﻟﺪﻳﻬﺎﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺗﺄﺣﺪﻭ ﺎ
ﻣﻤ ﺍ ﺗﺠﻞ ﻟﻜﻢﺃﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺍ
ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ،ﺑﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ
ﻳﺼﻌﺐﻣﻌﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻴﻤ
ﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻼﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﺎ
ﻳﻘﻴﻤﺎ
ﺧﻔﺘﻢﺃﻟﻼ
ﺗﺤﺎﻓﺎﺃﻻﻳﻘﻴﻤﺎﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﺈﻥ
ﺷﻴﻬﺎﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﺍﺗﻴﺘﻤﻮﻫﻦ«
ﻗﻴ ﺃﺗﺖ
:ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ()٢٢٩ﻭﻟﻤﺎﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﺑﻦﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﺑﺘﻪﺃﻥﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺛﺎﺑﺖﺑﻦ ﺲ
ﻓﻴﻤﺎﺁﻓﺘﺪﺕﻳﻬﻪ ﻩ
».ﺧﻠﻊ«
ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ،ﻣﺎﺩﺓ
: ) (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻟﺴﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏﻻﺑﻦ
ﺷﺮﺡﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ،ﻟﻠﺒﻬﻮﺗﻲ (/٥٧). )(٢
».ﺧﻠﻊ«
،ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻣﺎﺩﺓ
): ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻟﺴﺎﻥ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏﻻﺑﻦ
- ١٥١٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔﻣﻦ
ﻗﺜﺎ
ﻭﺃﺛﺮﻫﻭﺍﺿﺢ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
، ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ،ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔﻟﻢﻳﺨﻞﻣﻨﻬﺎﺑﺎﺏﻣﻦﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ
ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩﻭﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎ
ﺷﺮﻋﻴﻋﻨﺪ ﻟﺔ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥﺣﻼ ﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﻴﺪ
ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻗﺪ
ﻓﺈﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﺀ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻨﻪﻭﺑﻴﻦﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺑﺴﺒﺐﺑﻐﻀﻪﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻧﻔﺮﺗﻪ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻓﺈﻧﻪﻟﻢﻳﺠﺒﺮ
ﻗﺎﻣﺃﺳﺒﺎﺑﻪ ﻻ
ﺇﻋﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ -ﺇﺫﺍ ﺖ
ﺗﻄﻠﺐﻣﻨﻪ
ﺗﺎﻟﻔﻪ؛ﺑﻞﺃﺟﺎﺯﻟﻬﺎﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺍﻟﺬﻱﻻ
ﻣﻊ
ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝﺑﻴﻦ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻭﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺟﻤﻠﺔﻣﻦ :ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﺪ
ﻇﺎﻟﻤﺎ.ﻟﺒﺎ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢﻋﻦ
ﺭﻓﻊ-
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻫﻲﺍﻟﺘﻲﻃﻠﺒﺖ.ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﻣﺎﺩﺍﻣﺖ
ﺩﻓﻌﻪﻣﻦ
ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻋﻤﺎ
٢-
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟﺔﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎﻣﻊ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ،ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﻟﺘﺴﺘﺄﻧﻒﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎﻣﻦﺟﺪﻳﺪﺑﻌﺪ
٣-ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ
.ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴﺮﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﺠﺐ.ﻟﻪ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ
ﻭﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮ
ﻛﻔﺮﺍﻥ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ
:ﺃﻱﺃﻛﺮﻩﺇﻥﺃﻗﻤﺖﻋﻨﺪﻩﺃﻥﺃﻗﻊﻓﻴﻤﺎ )(١
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ٢٥٥).(١٢/
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
.ﺻﺪﺍﻗﻬﺎ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﻘﺔﻫﻲ
٢ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﻭﻛﻴﻒﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﻴﻪ ،ﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٥٢٧٣).
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ
. ١٥٢
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
.ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ
ﻓﺚ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉﺣﺘﻰﻳﺠﻮﺯﻃﻠﺒﻪﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ
ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻟﻠﺨﻠﻊﺳﺒﺐ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺛﺎﺑﺖﺑـﻦﻗﻴﺲﺳﺘﻪ،ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻳﺪﻝﻋﻠﻰﺫﻟﻚﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﻣﻊ
ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻰﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ؛ ﺃﻱﺃﻛﺮﻩ
»ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺩﻟﻴﻞﻋﻠﻰ،ﺫﻟﻚ
ﻓﻲﻓﻔﻲ:ﻗﻮﻟﻬﺎﺃﻧﻲ«ﺃﻛﺮﻩﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﺼﻴ ﺎ
ﻓﻴﻤﺮ ﻭﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮ
ﻛﻔﺮﺍﻥ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ
ﺇﻥﺃﻗﻤﺖﻋﻨﺪﻩﺃﻥﺃﻗﻊﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﻥ
ﻓﻲﻗﻮﻟﻪ:ﻏﺘﺘﻴﺔﺍﺭﻳﺖ(ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻛﺜﺮﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ.ﻳﻜﻔﺮﻥﻗﻴﻞ :ﺃﻳﻜﻔﺮ
ﻳﺠﺐ،ﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ
ﻋﺸﺮﺓﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ
ﻭﻳﻜﻔﺮﻥ")ﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥﺃﻱ:ﻧﻜﺮﺍﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ؟ﻗﺎﻝ:ﻳﻜﻔﺮﻥ
ﻭﻳﺄﻣﺮﻫﺑﻪ
ﺎ ﻗﻴﺲﺗﻔﺆﻥﺑﺬﻟﻚﺃﻧﻪﻳﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ
،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﻓﻠﻢﺗﻘﺼﺪﺯﻭﺟﺔﺛﺎﺑﺖﺑﻦ
"".ﺍ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ
ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻞﻋﻠﻰ ﻰ
ﻓﺘﻌﻴﻦ
»ﺩﻳﻦ
ﻓﻲ
:ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻬﺎﻻ«ﺃﻋﺘﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪ
،ﻧﻔﺎﻗﺎﻓﺬﻟﻚﻣﻨﺘﻒ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻳﺴﺘﺸﻌﺮﺃﻥﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻦﻗﻴﺲ ﺗﺆﺙﺿﺎﻗﺖﺑﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﻣﻞ
ﻣﺒﻠﻐ ﺎ
ﻤﻟ ﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬ ﺎ
ﺎ ﺑﻐﻀﻬ
ﺷﻜﺔ،ﻭﻟﻮﻻﺃﻧﻬﺎﻗﺪﺑﻠﻎ ﺎ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺇﻟﻰ
ﻟﺠﻮﺋﻬﺎ
،ﻧﻔﺴﺎﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ
ﺃﻃﻴﻘ
ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻐﺾ:ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖﻻ« ﻪ
ﻓﻲﺑﻌﺾﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺃﻧﻬﺎﺻﺮﺣﺖ
ﻓﻌﻠﺖ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﻭﺭﺩ
ﺎﺓ
ﺻﻌﻮﺑ ﺍﻟﺤﻴ
ﻣﻤﺎﻳﺪﻝﻋﻠﻰ ﺔ
ﻣﻌﺒﺮﻋﻦﻣﺪﻯﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺭﺍﻟﺬﻱﺃﻟﻢﺑﻬﺎ
ﻟﻔﻆ
""،ﺑﻐﻀﺎﻭﻫﻮ
ﻓـﺎﻟﻘﻠﻮ ﺑﻴﺪ
ﺏ ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻡﻣﻦﺇﺭﺍﺩﺓﺍﻟﻠﻪ،
،ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ .ﻋﻴﻮﺏ
ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻻﺗﺄﺛﻢ،ﺑﺬﻟﻚﻓﻴﻈﻬﺮﻣﻦﺫﻟﻚﺃﻥﺯﻭﺟﺔﺛﺎﺑﺖﺑﻦﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻳﻘﻠﺒﻬﺎﻛﻴﻒ،ﻳﺸﺎﺀ
.ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ
ﻗﻴﺲ ﺑﻨﻴﻪﻟﻢﺗﻘﺪﻡﻋﻠﻰﻃﻠﺐﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﺑﻼﺳﺒﺐ
- ١٥٣
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻣﻊ
ﺍﻹﻗﺪﺍﻡﻋﻠﻰﻃﻠﺐ ﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀﺇﻟﻰﺃﻥ
ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍﺫﻫﺐﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻭ ﻳﻤﺎ
ﺍ ﺗﻨﺠﻞ ﻟﻜﻢﺃﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﻻ
""،ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎﻳﺘﻔﻖﻣﻊﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ
ﻋﻠﻴﻤ
ﻳﻘﻴﻤﺎﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﻼﺟﻨﺎﺡ ﺎ
ﺧﻔﺘﻢﺃﻟﻼ
ﺗﺤﺎﻓﺎﺃﻻﻳﻘﻴﻤﺎﺣﺪﻭﺩﺍﻟﻠﻪﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﺗﻴﺘﻤﻮﻫﻦ«ﺷﻴﺌﺎﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺪﺍﺀﺇﻧﻤﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥﻋﻨﺪ ﻑ
ﺍﻟﺨﻮ :ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ(٢٢٩)،ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﻓﻴﻤﺎﺃﻓﺘﺪﺕ ﻳﻪ ﻩ
ﺁﺛﻤﻴﻦﺇﻥﺃﻗﺪﻣﺎ""،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻲ
ﻭﻓ ﻳﺨﺎﻓﺎﺫﻟﻚﻳﻜﻮﻧﺎ
ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔﺣﺪﻭﺩ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻭﺃﻧﻬﻤﺎﺇﻥﻟﻢ
ﻣﻦﻋﺪﻡ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺆﻳﺪ ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻘﺪﻗﺎﻝ :ﻏﻴﻴﻲﺃﻳﻤﺎ(ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﺑﺄﺱ
ﻊﻲﻓ
ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲﺃﻥﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﻠ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭ
ﻓﺤﺮﺍﻡﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ)"،ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔﻭﺍﻟﺬﻧﺐ
ﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺋﺮ .ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻴ.ﺇﻟﻴﻪ
ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺔ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﺇﺫﺍ
ﺑﻘﺒﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻡ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎ
ﻓﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠ
ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐﺇﻟﻰﻃﻠﺐﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻊ
ﺑﻌﺾﺃﻫﻞﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢﺃﻧﻪﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥ
ﺭﺟﺢ
ﺀ
ﺇﺫﺍﻭﺟﺪﺕﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻴﺔﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﺨﻪ :ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ« ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٥٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
ﺭﺍ ) :ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ/٤٥٨).(١٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
:ﻥﺻﺤﻴﺢ« ».
ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻘﻘﻮ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢٢٣٧٩).ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ (٣٧/٦٢)،ﺭﻗﻢ
٣ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺍﻹﻣﺎ ﺃﺣﻤﺪﻓﻲ
)(٤ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ ،ﻻﺑﻦﻗﺪﺍﻣﺔ (٧/٣٢٣).
. ١٥٤
.ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺻﺤﺔ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ
:ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ
g
ﻭﺃﻭﻗﻌﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ،ﺑﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ،ﺃﻭﺣﻜﻢ
ﺗﺮﺍﺿﻰ
ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻧﻔﺴﺎﻋﻘﺪ
ﺥ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﺀﻭﻟﻢﻳﻨﻮﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ؛ ﺗﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦ ﺃﻭ
ﺑﻠﻔﻆ:ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ،ﺃﻭ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﺎﺧﺎﻟﻌﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬﻲﻓ ﻋﺪﺩ
ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺍ .
ﺑﻌﻘﺪ
ﻳﻨﻜﺤﻬﺎ
،ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﻳﺮﺍﺟﻌﻬﺎ
ﻳﺤﻖﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥ
،ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻘﺎﺕﻭﻻ
:ﻫﻲ
ﺷﺮﻭﻁ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﻋﻠﻰﻟﺘﺮﺗﺐﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ
ﻭﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ
ﻃﻼﻗﻪ ﻻﻳﺼﺢ.ﺧﻠﻌﻪ
١ﺃﻫﻠﻴﺔ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻓﻜﻞﻣﻦ ﻻﻳﺼﺢ
ﺑﻌﺪﻩﻭﻟﻮ
ﺍﻟـﺪﺧﻮﺃﻡ ،
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﻗﺒﻞ ﻝ
ﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻥ
،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
- ٢ﺃﻥ
.ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﻓﻲ ﺭﺟﻌﻴﺔﻣﺎﺩﺍﻣﺖ
ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺔ
ﻛﺎﻧﺖ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٥٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٦٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ ٢٧٥)،/ (٢
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ،
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ
): ٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- ١٥٥
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮﺓﻓﺈﻥﻭﻗﻊﺑﻠﻔﻆ ﻕ
، ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ
٣ﺃﻥﻳﻘﻊﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠﻊﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺎ
ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺘﻬﺃﻭﺑﻠﻔﻆﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻣﻊﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔﻓﻬﻮﻃﻼﻕﺑﺎﺋﻦ ﻻﻳﺤﻞﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝ
ﻣﻨﻔ
ﻋﻴﻨﺎ ﻡﺃ ،ﻌﺔ
،ﻧﻘﺪﺍﺃﻡ ،
ﺃﻛﺎﻥ
ﺀ
ﺗﻤﻠﻜﻪﺳﻮﺍ
ﻳﺼﺢ ، ﻣﺎﻝ
ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
- ٤ﺃﻥ
ﻥﺑﺪﻻﻲﻓ
،ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻭﻛﻞﻣﺎﺻﺢﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﻬﺮﺍﺻﺢﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻭ
ﻣﻦ
.ﺍﺧﺎﻟﻊ
.ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
:ﺳﺎﺩﺳﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻗﻔﺎ
ﻣﻬﻤﺔ:ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰ
١ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀﻋﻘﺪ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻓﻲ ﺣﻞﻣﻦﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ ،ﻣﻨﻪ
.ﻏﻴﺮﻩ
ﻟﻬﺎﺃﻥﺗﻨﻜﺢﺯﻭﺟﺎ
ﺭﺣﻤ ﻀﺔ
ﺑﺤﻴ ﺍﺳﺘﺒﺮ ﻬﺎ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘ
ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﺩ ،ﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺑﻌﺪ
- ٢ﻻﺗﻌﺘﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔ ﻲﻓﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ﺔ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺣﺎﺿﺖﻣﺮﺓﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ ﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎ؛ﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ
) ٢٢٨ﺖ
ﻓﺪﻟ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ( ،
:ﺓ ﻳﺄﻧﻔﺴﻬﻦﺛﻠﺜﺔﻗﺮﻭ
ﻳﺘﺮﺑﻀﺮﺭ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻭﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺖ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻌﺔﻭﻫﺬﺍﻫﻮ
، ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺩﻭﻥ
ﺍﻵﻳﺔﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎﺛﻼﺛﺔﻗﺮﻭﺀﺇﻧﻤﺎﻫﻲ ﺔ
ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ "ﻳﻲ .
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺬﻱﺻﺢﻋﻦﺃﻣﻴﺮ
ﺝ ﻦﻣ
ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺕﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ،ﻓﻠﻮﻣﻜﻨﺎﺍﻟﺰﻭ
،ﺍﻓﺘﺪﺍﺀﻓﻘﺪ
ﻟﻠﻌﻮﺽ
ﻭﻭﺟﻪﺫﻟﻚﺃﻥﺑﺬﻟﻬﺎ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ:ﺟﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦﺍﺑﻦ
)(١ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔﻟﻢﻳﻜﻦﻟﻬﺬﺍﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﺀ،ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓﻭﻟﻜﺎﻧﺖﻫﻲﻭﻣﻦﻟﻢﺗﺒﺬﻝﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ:ﺳﻮﺍﺀ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٧١).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- ١٥٦
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺗﻄﻠﺐ .ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻣﻦﺃﺟﻞﺃﻥ
ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺭ
ﺣﺮﻣﺔ
:ﺳﺎﺑﻌﺎ
ﻑ
ﺍﻹﻣﺴﺎﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻛﺎﻥﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥﻳﺨﺘﺎﺭﺑﻴﻦﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ :
ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺑﺖ
ﺇﺫﺍ
ﻭﻳﺼﻮ
ﻆﻟﻬﺎﻛﺮﺍﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻥ
ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﻔ
ﻓﺮﺍﻗﺎ
ﻣﻔﺎﺭﻗﺘﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎﺃﻭ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻣﻊﺍﻟﺒﺮﺑﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻢﻟ
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﻊ،ﻷﻥ ﻊ
ﻟﻴﻀﻄﺮﺇﻟﻰﻃﻠﺐ
ﻳﻀﻴﻖ،ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺎ
ﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻪﺃﻥ
،ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎﻭﻻ
ﻟﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ،ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﻭﺇﻏﻤﺎﺷﺮﻉﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺿﺎﻗﺖ
ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺳﺐ
ﻳﺸﺮﻉﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ
ﺷﺮ ﻪﻟ
ﺍﻟﺬ ﻉ
ﻊ ﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﺤﺎﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗ
ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺍﺑﻦ
،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻗﺎﻝﺷﻴﺦﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎﻣﻊ
ﺑﻬﺎ
ﻛﺎﺭﻫﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻗﻪ
ﻓﺮﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ ﺔ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ«ﺍﻟﺬﻱﺟﺎﺀﺑﻪ
:ﺍﻧﺨﻠﻊ
ﻓﺘﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺍﻕ ﺃﻭﺑﻌﻀﻪﻓﺪﺍﺀ»ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ).١
ﻫﻦ
:ﻰﻭﻭﻻﺗﻌﺼﻠﻮ
ﺑﻘﻮﻟ ﺗﻌﺎﻟ
ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﻃﻠﺐﺇﻟﻰ
ﻹﻟﺠﺎﺋﻬﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺭ
ﻭﺣﺮﻣﺔ
ﻩ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(١٩)،:ﻓﻘﺪﻧﻬﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻲﻓ ﻫﺬ
ﺑﻔﻨﺤﺸﺔﻣﻴﻴﻨﻮﻩ
ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻦ
ﺀﺍﺗﻴﺘﻤﻮﻫﻦﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﺑﺒﻌﺾﻣﺎﻟﻴﺘﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﻣﻦ
ﺔ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻫﺎﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ
ﺇﻣﺴﺎﻙﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻟﻴﺠﺒﺮﻫﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺩﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻤﺔﻋﻦ
ﺍﻵﻳﺔ
ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﻓﻲﺍﻵﻳﺔﺃﻥﺣﺮﻣﺔﺍﻹﺿﺮﺍﺭﺑﻬﺎﻲﻓ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺎ ﻟﻮﺃﺗﺖ
ﺿﺮﺭﻩ ،ﻭﻗﺪﺑﻴﻦ )(٢
ﻳﻜﻔ:
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪ ﺨﻪ
ﺑﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔﻣﺒﻴﻨﺔﺟﺎﺯﻟﻪ،ﺫﻟﻚﻗﺎﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻱ ﺑﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ،ﻣﺒﻴﻨﺔﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎﺇﻥﺃﺗﺖ
ﻝ ﺯ
ﻳﺠﻮﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺶﻭﺃﺫﻳﺘﻬﺎﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻓﺈﻧﻪﻲﻓﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ
ﺑﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔﻣﺒﻴﻨﺔﻛﺎﻟﺰﻧﺎ
ﻭﺇﺫﺍ«ﺃﺗﻴﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪ .
ﻟﺘﻔﺘﺪﻱﻣﻨﻪﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﻋﻀﻼ »ﻝ
)(٤
،ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ
ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺔﻟﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰ
""،ﻳﻌﻀﻠﻬﺎ
ﻟﻪﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ(٣٢/٢٨٢).ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ: ) ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﻟﻠﺸﻨﻘﻴﻄﻲ(١/١٤٩).
،ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﻓﻲﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡ): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ:ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﺃﺿﻮﺍﺀﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ
»ﻋﻀﻞ«.
،ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂﻣﺎﺩﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ
،ﺍﻟﺘﻀﻴﻴﻖﻳﻘﺎﻝﻋﻀﻠﻪﻋﻦ:ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻣﻨﻌﻪ.ﻣﻨﻪ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
): ٣ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻞ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٤٦٣).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ:(١٧٢)،ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
) (٤ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
- ١٥٧٠
Searchable )PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺐ
ﻓﻨﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻓﺴﺦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ
ﻑ:ﺃﻭﻻ
"".ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﺾ،ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ
ﻓﻲ:ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦ
.ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ
ﺑﺈﺭﺍﺩﺓﻣﻦﻟﻪﺣﻖ
ﻭﻓﺴﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ:ﺷﺮﻋﺎﺭﻓﻊﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
.ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ
ﻭﺿﺎﺑﻂ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺐ
ﻓﺴﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
ﻗﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ
ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﺑﺴﺒﺐﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻣﻦﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﻵﺧﺮ ﻋﻴﺐﻲﻓ
"".ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﻴﺒﺎ
ﻳﻌﺪ ﺱﻭﺿﺎﺑﻂﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺜﺒﺖﺑﻪﺧﻴﺎﺭﻓﺴﺦﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ:ﻫﻮﻣﺎ« ﻩ
»"،ﻛﻤﺎﻟﻪﻗﺎﻝﺍﺑﻦﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﻳﻈﻪ:ﻛﻞ«ﻋﻴﺐﻳﻨﻔﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺍﻵﺧﺮﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉﺃﻭ
ﻳﻔﻮﺕﺑﻪ
""ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭﻩ
. ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓﻳﻮﺟﺐ
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺩﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦﻳﺤﺼﻞﺑﻪﻣﻨﻪﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﺗﻮﺟﺐﺧﻴﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻭﻣﻦﺃﺑﺮﺯ
ﻝ
١ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﻥ:ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺘﻪﻭﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﻥ ﻫﻮﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞﺑﺤﻴﺚﻳﻤﻨﻊﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ
ﻦﺣﺎﻻ ﻦﻣ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻮﻓﻬﻮﺃﺣﺴ
""ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺍ ،ﺃﻣﺎ ﻩ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞﺇﻻ
ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝﻋﻠﻰﻧﻬﺞ
ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ،ﻓﺎﺳﺪﺍﻟﺘﺪﺑﻲ.
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻨﻮﻥ:ﻓﻬﻮﻣﻦﻛﺎﻥﻗﻠﻴﻞ،ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ
».ﻓﺴﺦ«
،ﺍﻟﺰﺑﻴﺪﻱﻣﺎﺩﺓ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺗﻀﻰ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻭﺱ: ١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻣﻌﺠﻢﺗﺎﺝ
ﺍﻹﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ،ﻟﻠﺒﻬﻮﺗﻲ(٢/٦٧٥).
: ٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺷﺮﺡﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊ ،ﻻﺑﻦﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ (١٢/٢٠٣).
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ )٣
ﻟﻠﺠﺮﺟﺎﻧﻲ(٧٩).
،ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ
): (٥ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ(٢٢١).
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
: ) (٦ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
- ١٥٨٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻭﺗﺘﺴﺎﻗ .
ﺀ ﻂ ﺗﺘﺄﻛﻞﻣﻨﻬﺎﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎ
ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ
ﻓﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺠﺪﺍﻡﻋﻠﺔ
٢-
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖﻳﺴﻮﻍﻟﻠﻄﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺦ
ﻓﺴ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺑﻂ
ﻓﻲ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻣﻤﺎﻳﺪﺧﻞ
ﻓﻬﺬﻩﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎ .ﺑﺴﺒﺒﻪ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻓﺴﺦﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔﻣﻦ
ﻓﻔﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ
ﺎﺓ ﺐ
ﻟﺠﺎﻧ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺔﻭﻣﺮﺍﻋ
ﺣﻜﻤﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀﺮﺭ
ﻟﻠﻄﺮﻑﻟﻔﺴﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﻓﻲﺇﻗﺮﺍﺭ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ :ﻣﻌﺎ
ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﺔﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻻﺗﻘﻀﻲﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎﻣﻊﻣﻦﻧﻔﺮﺕﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﻤﺼﻠﺤﺘﻪ
١
ﻭﻟ ﻦ
ﺗﻜ ،ﻭﻣﺤﻮﻫﺎﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲﻇﻬﺮﺕﻟﻬﺎﺑﻌﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ ﻢ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻘﻴﺔﺃﻭ
ﻋﻴﻮﺑﻪ
.ﺑﻴﺪﻫﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻤﺔﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ،ﺑﻬﺎﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺋﻣﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻭﻣﻦﻫﺬﻩ ﺪ
، ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪﻟﻠﺰﻭﺝﻭﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﺑﻴﺪﻩ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦ
ﻓﻲ- ٢ﻛﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﻳﺄﺗﻰ:
ﻳﺤﺴ .
ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻓﺎﻟﻔﺴ ﻻ ﺐ
ﺦ ﻭﻫﻲﺛﻼﺙ،
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺓﻳﻨﻘﺺﺑﻪﻋﺪﺩ
)ﺃﺃﻧﻪ ﻻ
ﻭﺳﻴﻄﺃﻡﻏﻴﺮﻩ.
ﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﻣﻦﻏﺮﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻬﺮ
)ﺏﺃﻧﻪﻳﺮﺟﻊ
ﻭﻫ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ،ﺬﻩ
ﻣﻄﻼﻕ،ﺃﻱ:ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻻﻳﻨﻈﺮﺇﻟﻴﻪﻋﻠﻰﺃﻧﻪﺭﺟﻞ
)ﺝﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻼﻕﻳﺨﺸﺎﻩﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱﻓـﻼ
ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﻣﻬﻤﺔﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ؛ ﻷﻥ
ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺠﻪﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ .
ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻘﻮﻥﻋﻠﻰ
».ﺟﺬﻡ«
)(١ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ،ﻣﺠﻤﻊﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ،ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔﻣﺎﺩﺓ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٢١٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- ١٥٩٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻓﺴﺦ :ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ
g
ﺃﻣﺮﻫ
ﻳﺨﻠ ﻤﺎ
ﺑﻤﻘﺼﻮﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻓﻼ ﻮ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﺧﺮﻳﺨﻞ ﺩ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻋﻠﻰﻋﻴﺐ
ﺍﻃﻠﻊﺃﺣﺪﺇﺫﺍ
ﻣﻦ :ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻦ
ﻝ
ﺩﺍﻋ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﻮ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﺑﻼ،ﻧﺰﺍﻉﻭﻫﺬﺍ،ﺧﻴﺮﻓﻼ ﻲ
ﻳﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺎﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﺧﺎﻝ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﺃﻥ
.ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻮﻣﺎﺕ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﻓﻲﺯﻣﻨﻨﺎﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﻄﻮﻝﻓﻴﻪﻧﻈﺮ
ﺃﻣﺎﻡ
ﺇﻟ ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎ
ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻮﺀ ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦ ؛ﻓﻴﺠﺐ
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻘﺎﻕ
ﻓﻲ
:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲﺃﻥﻳﺘﻨﺎﺯﻋﺎ
-ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ
)
ﻟﺮﻓﻊﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻉ
.ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻓﺴﺦ:ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﻭﺗﺮﺗﺐﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ؛ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﻦ ﺛﺒﺖ
ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁﻟﺜﺒﻮﺕﺧﻴﺎﺭ
ﻋﺎﻟﻢﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺐﻭﻗﺖ.ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪ
،ﺦ
ﻂﺣﻘﻪﻲﻓ ﺍﻟﻔﺴ
ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﺳﻘ
ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ
ﻇﻬﺮﺕﻋﻠﻴﻪ
ﻭﺭﺿﻲﺑﻪﺃﻭ
ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎ
ﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥ
ﻂﺣﻘﻪ.
ﺭﺿﺎﺀﻳﺴﻘ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻓﺈﻥ ﻩ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﺙﺑﻌﺪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﺐ
ﺭﺿﻲﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚﻟﻮ
ﻭﻻﻳﻤﻨﻊﻣﻦﺛﺒﻮﺕﺣﻖﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﻭﺟﻮﺩﺫﺍﺕﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ،ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮﻭﺟﺪﻲﻓﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
"".ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺍ
ﺑﺮﺻﺎﻭﻫﻮﻣﺼﺎﺏ،ﺑﻪﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ
ﻭﻻﻳﺨﻠﻮﻓﺴﺦﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﻣﻦﺃﺣﺪﺣﺎﻟﻴﻦ :
،ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﻲﻓ ﺍ
ﻫـﺬ -ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ:ﺍﻷﻭﻝﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻗﺒﻞﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻣﺎﻳﺄﻧﻲ:
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٢٢٧).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺯﺍﻥ(٢/٢٥٢).
،ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ(١٢/٢٢٢)،
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
١.
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﺘﻨ
ﺖ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻨﺄﻳﻬﺎﻟﺬﻳﻦﺍﻣﺘﻮﺍﺇﺫﺍﺗﻜﺤﺘﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
- ١ﺃﻧﻪ ﻻﻋﺪﺓﻋﻠﻰ
ﻫﺎ
ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻤﻮﻫﻦﻳﻦﻗﺒﻞﺃﻥ ﺗﻤﻠﻮﻫﻦﻓﻤﺎﻟﻜﺔﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦﻣﻦﻋﺪﻭﺗﻌﺘﺪﻭ
ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ(٤٩). :
.ﺍﻟﻄﻠﻘﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦﻣﻦﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ
ﻳﺤﺘﺴﺐ
٢ﻻ
ﺑﺈﺧﻔﺎﺀ،ﻋﻴﺒﻪ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻧﺼﻒﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱﻏﺮﻫﺎ
ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻖ
٣
ﻓﻴﻀﻣﺎ
ﻓﺮﻳﻀ ﻒ
ﻓﺮﺿﺘﺔﻟﻬﻦ ﺔ
ﺗﻤﺸﻮﻫﻦﻭﻗﺪ
ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻤﻮﻫﻦﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞﺃﻥ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻥ
:ﺓ).٢٣٧
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ(
ﻋﻘﺪﺓ
ﻳﻌﻔﻮﺍﺍﻟﺬﻯﺑﻴﺪﻡ
ﻓﺮﺿﺎﻡﺇﻟﻼﺃﻥﻳﻌﻔﻮﺭﺃﻭ
ﻭﻫﻲﺍﻟﺘﻲ.ﺃﺧﻔﺘﻪ
ﺷﻲﺀﻟﻬﺎﺇﻥﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﻭﻻ
ﻝ ﻣﺎ
ﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺎ
-ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ :ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﺑﻌﺪ،ﺍﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝﻭﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻔﺴﺦ
ﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
.ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻭﺟﻮﺏﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓﻋﻠﻰ
٢ﺛﺒﻮﺕﻛﺎﻣﻞﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﺳﻮﺍﺀﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﻌﻴﺐ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﺑﻪ،ﻟﻘﻮﻝﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪﻏﻴﺘﻲ :
)١
ﻓﺈﻥ( ﺩﺧﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻬﺎ)..ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮ .
ﻥﻣﺎ
،ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺟﺎﺯﻟﻪﺃﻥﻳﺮﺟﻊﻋﻠﻰﻣﻦﻏﺮﻩ ﺑﻀﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺮﺃﻭ
٣ﺇﺫﺍﺩﻓﻊﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺩﻉ
ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻦ(١٢/٢٢٨).
،ﺍﻟﻤﻤﺘﻊﻻﺑﻦ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﺸﺮﺡ
- -١٦١
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
١٢
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔﻋﺸﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎ
ﻗﺮﻕ ﺕ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﺪﻣﻦ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻣﻨﻬﺞ
:ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ/ﺃﺧﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ -ﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﻋﻠﻰ:
ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚﻟﻬﺬﻩ
-ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊﺑﻌﺪ
ﻓﻲﺣﺎﻻﺕﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻘﻊ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ
١-ﺑﻴﺎﻥ
ﻭﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ.ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺤﺪﻣﻦﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
٢-ﺑﻴﺎﻥﻣﻨﻬﺞﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ .ﻊ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺗﺒﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺭ
ﺍﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭ
٣
ﻓﺮﻕﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﻟﻠﺤﺪﻣﻦ
ﻣﻨﻬﺞ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜ،
ﺗﺤﻔﻈﻣﻦ ﻚﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﺎ ﻬﺎ ﻓﺸﺮﻉﻟﻬﺎ
،ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺔ
ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺮﺓﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻋﺘﻨﻰ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎ
ﻗﻠﻮ ﺱﻭﺑﻐﻀﻲﻓ ﺏ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﻐﺾ،ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ
ﻳﻀﻤﻦﻗﻮﻳﻤﺎ
ﻣﻨﻬﺠﺎﻭﺭﺳﻢﻟﺒﺎ
ﺃﺑﻐ
:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻣﺎ(ﺃﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﺾ
،ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑﻓﻔﻲ
ﺃﺿﻴﻖ ﻓﻲ
ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻮﺍﻋﻠﻴﻪﺇﻻ
ﺣﺘﻰﻻ
ﻳﻮﻗﻌﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﺇﻻﺑﻌﺪ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻴﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ
ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻣﻦ)،ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻛﻤﺎﻭﺿﻊ
ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺑﻪ
. ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ﺇﻻﺑﻌﺪﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ
ﻭﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔﺍﻷﻟﻔﺔ ،ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ
ﺍﺳﺘﻨﻔﺎﺫ
ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠـ ﻣﺎ
ﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉﻟﻠﺘﻘﻠﻴﻞﻣﻦﺣﺪﻭﺙﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﻭﻣﻦﺃﻫﻢ
ﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﻭﺃﺛﺒﺘﻬﺎ.
ﺃﺭﺳﺦ ﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻋﻠﻰ
ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺇﻟﻰ
ﻕ:ﺃﻭﻻﻭﺟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤ
ﺑﻤﻨﻬﺤﺒﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣ ﺞ
ﻞ ﺑﺤﺴﻦﺍﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ،
ﻓﺄﻭﺻﻰ
،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ
ﺑﻘﺎﺀﻫﺎ
ﻟﻴﻀﻤﻦﺑﺬﻟﻚ
،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻭﺃﻭﺻﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺎﻟﺼﺒﺮﻋﻠﻰ
ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺎﻥ
،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔﻭﻓﺼﻞ
ﺳﻘﻄﺎﺗﻬﺎ،ﻭﻏﻔﻠﺘﻬﺎﻭﺃﻭﺻﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﺑﺎﻟﺼﺒﺮﻋﻠﻰﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﺗﺤﻤﻞﻗﺴﻮﺗﻪ،
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﻭﺗﺤﻤﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻲﻓﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻲ
ﺔ ﺇﻟﻰﻏﻴﺮ ﺫﻟﻚﻣﻦﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲﻭﺿﻌﺖﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓ
ﻣﺘﺤﺎﺑﻴ
ﻦ ﻋﻄﺎﺅﻫﺎﻭﺗﺄﻧﺲ،ﺑﺮﺍﺑﻄﺘﻬﺎﺇﻟﻰﺃﻥﻳﻠﻘﻮﺍﺭﺑﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦﻭﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮﺣﺘﻰﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ
ﻓﻴﺠﺘﻤﻌﻮﻥﺃﺯﻭﺍﺟﺎﻣﺮﺓﺃﺧﺮﻯ -ﺑﺮﺣﻤﺔﺍﻟﻠﻪﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪﻭﺇﺣﺴﺎﻧﻪ ،ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻴﻦ
ﻣﻌﺘﺼﻤﻴﻦﺟﺒﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﺎﺕ.ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ
- ١٦٥
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔﺃﻫﻢﺿﺎﻣﻦ -ﺑـﺈﺫ
ﺑﺤﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢﻟﻸﺳﺮﺓﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ
ﻟﺼﻤﻮﺩﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎﻓﻤﻬﻤﺎﺗﻨﺎﻭﺑﺘﻬﺎ،ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺻﻒ ﺃﻭﺍﺷﺘﺪﺕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺻﻒ
ﻓﻴﻔﻀﻼ
ﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﺎ ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﻪ ،
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﻦ
ﻓﻲﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎﻣﻦ
ﻳﺠﺪﺍﻥ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺎﺏﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ .ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮ
ﻟﻤﺪﻡ .ﺓ ﺳﺒﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﻟﻶﺧﺮ
ﻛﺮﺍﻫﺔﺃﺣﺪ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻗﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﻟﻢﻳﻌﺪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼ
ﺑﻴ ﺎﻟﺦ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍ ﻦ
،ﺕ ﺯﻧﺔ
ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺎﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺎ
ﺕ ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
ﺟﻌﻞﺫﻟﻚﺑﺎﻋﺜﺎﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻞ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺳﺪﻓﻠﻔﺖﻧﻈﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦﺇﻟﻰﻣﺎﻓﻲﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺮ ﻭﻣﺎﻓﻲﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﻀﻴﺮ
ﻭﺗﺠﻌ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻮﺍﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻞ
ﻦﺃﻥﻛﺮﻫﺘﻤﻮﻫﻓﻌﻤﻴ
ﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑﻓﺈﻥ
ﻭﻋﺎﺷﺮﻭﻫﻦ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻲ ﻢ
ﻟﻜ ﺟﻠﻠﻔﻪﻓﻲﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ:ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻳﻨﺒﻐ«
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪﻱ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ(١٩)،ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ
ﺣﺪﺍ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻩ
ﺫﻟ
ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻚ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚﺧﻴﺮﺍ .
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔﻟﻬﻦ،ﻓﺈﻥ
ﺯﻭﺟﺎﺗﻜﻢﻣﻊ
ﺗﻤﺴﻜﻮﺍ
ﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝﺃﻥ
ﺃﻳﻬﺎ
.ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩﺭﺟﻞ ﺧﺐﻭﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ.ﺧﺒﺔ:ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺒﻴﺐ ﻉ
ﺍﻟﺨﺪﺍ ﻳﺴﻌﻰﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ،ﺍﻟﺨﺪﺍﻉﻭﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱ ) (١ﺍﻟﺨﺐ:ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺘﺢ
ﻓﻲﻏﺮﻳﺐﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻭﺍﻷﺛﺮ،ﻻﺑﻦﺍﻷﺛﻴﺮ ٤)./ (٢
.ﻭﺍﻹﻓﺴﺎﺩ:ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺑﺎﺏﻓﻴﻤﻦ ﺧﺒﺐﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓﻋﻠﻰ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ (٢١٧٥).
) (٢ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﻓﻲﺻﺤﻴﺢﺳﻨﻦﺃﺑﻲﺩﺍﻭﺩ ٣٨٥).(٦/
ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ
. ١٦٦
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺳﻌﺎﺩﺓﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ،ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎﺃﻥﺇﺟﺒﺎﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻣﺘﺜﺎﻝﺃﻣﺮ،ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻭﻗﺒﻮﻝﻭﺻﻴﺘﻪﺍﻟﺘﻲﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴ ﻣﺎ
ﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻼ .ﻠﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠ ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ،ﻖ
ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪ -ﻓﻴﻪ ﺓ
ﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﺤﺒﺘﻪ
ﻋﺪﻡ-ﻣﻊ
ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺭﺯﻕ ﺎ
ﻣﻨﻬ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ،ﺎ
ﻓﻲﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺒﺔﻛﻤﺎﻫﻮ
ﻭﺗﺨﻠﻔﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔﺗﺰﻭﻝ
ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻹﻣﺴﺎ ﻡ
ﻭﻋﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﻜﺎﻲﻓ ﻙ
ﻭﻫﺬﺍﻛﻠﻪﻣﻊ ﻥ
.ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻪ
ﺻﺎﻟﺨﺎﻧﻔﻊ
ﻭﻟﺪﺍ
:ﻉ ﻻ(""ﻳﻔﺮﻙﻣﺆﻣﻦ،ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔ ﺇﻥﻛﺮﻩﻣﻨﻬﺎ،ﺧﻠﻘﺎ ».ﺍﻟﻌﺬﻭﺭﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻪ
)٣
ﺭﺿﻲﻣﻨﻬﺎ)ﺁﺧﺮ
.ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻼ
ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻝﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻳﺠﻌﻞ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﻟﻢ
ﻗﺚ
ﺓﻋﻠﻰ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐﺍﻟﻌﻼﺝﻭﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ،ﻓﺈﺫﺍﺗﻌﺎﻟﺖﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃ
ﻋﺮﺿﻴﺔ
ﺑﻞﻋﺪﻩﺣﺎﻟﺔ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﻬ
ﻭﻗﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺛﻮﺏ،ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻥﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺃﻥﻳﺄﺧﺬﻓﻲﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﺎ ﺞ
ﻭﺧﻠﻌﺖﻋﻦ
ﻧﺸﻮﺯﻫﺮ
ﻥ :ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻥ
ﺗﺨﺎﻓﻮ ﻓﻲﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ﻭﺧﻼﺻﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉﻟﻌﻼﺝ،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺰ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ
ﻋﻠﺘﻬ ﺳﺒﻴﻼ
ﺃﻃﻌﻨﻜﻢﻓﻼﺗﺒﻐﻮﺍ ﻦ
ﻭﺍﺿﺮﺑﻮﻫﻓﺈﻥ
ﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺟﻊ
ﻓﻰﻭﺍﻫﺠﺮﻭﻫ
ﻦ ﻓﻌﻈﻮﻫﺮﻥ
ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪ:ﺃﻥ
ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎﻭﻋﺼﻴﺎ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺇﺫﺍﻭﺟﺪﻣﻦ
٤»).ﻓﻘﺪﺑﻴﻨﺖﺍﻵﻳﺔﺃﻥ
:ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ«
.ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻋﻈﺔ
١ﻳﺆﺩﺑﻬﺎﺑﺎﻟﻨﺼﺢﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ
ﻳﺆﺍﻧﺴﻬ
.ﺎ ﻬﺎﻭﻻ
ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺠﻓﻼﻳﺠﺎﻣﻌ
ﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻬﺠﺮﻫﺎ
٢ﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢﻳﺠﺪﺫﻟﻚﻣﻌﻬﺎﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪﺃﻥ
ﺗﻔﺮﻛﻪ،ﻓﺮﻛﺎﻛﺄﻧﻪﺣﺚﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
:ﻳﻘﺎﻝﻓﺮﻛﺖ
.ﻳﺒﻐﻀﻬﺎ
)ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔﺃﻱ ﻻ
ﻣﺆﻣﻦ
ﻳﻔﺮﻙ
) (٢ﻗﺎﻝﺍﺑﻦ:ﺍﻷﺛﻴﺮﻻ(«
ﻣﺸﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲﻋﻴﺎﺽﻲﻓ ﻕ
ﻓﻲﻏﺮﻳﺐﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻭﺍﻷﺛﺮ (٣/٤٤١)،ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ
».ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓ
ﺣﺴﻦ
ﻣﺆﻣﻦ،ﻣﺆﻣﻨﺔﺑﻔﺘﺢﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ،ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀﻭﻗﺪﺗﻀﻢ)ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ /١٥١).(٢
ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﺭﻋﻠﻰﺻﺤﺎﺡ:ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ:ﻗﻮﻟﻪ( ﻻﻳﻔﺮﻙ
ﺭﻭﺍﻩﻣﺴﻠﻢﻓﻲ،ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ،ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﺏﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ،ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀﺭﻗﻢ ﺍ )(٣
. -١٦٧
ﺑﺴﻮﺍ
٣ﻓﺈﻥﻟﻢﻳﺠﺪﻣﻌﻬﺎ،ﺫﻟﻚﻛﺎﻥﻟﻪﺃﻥﻳﻀﺮﺑﻬﺎﺿﺮﺑﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ،ﻣﺒﺮﺡ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻙ
"".ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻩﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺫﻟﻚﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍﻋﻦﺃﻋﻴﻦ.ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
.ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﻧﺸﻮﺯﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻋﺎﻟﺞ
:ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ
ﻟﻘﻔﺎ
ﺑﻌﻠﻬ ﺯﺍ
ﻧﺸﻮﺧﺎﻓﺖﻣﻦ ﺎ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺁﺍﺓ
ﻭﻓﻖﻣﻨﻬﺞﺭﺑﺎﻧﻲ،ﺣﻜﻴﻢﺑﻴﻨﻪﻗﻮﻟﻪ
ﻭﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺴﺮﺍﻟﻤﺢ
ﻥ ﺕ
ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺢﺣﺘﺮﻭﺃﺣﻀﺮ
ﺑﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎﺻﻠﺤﺎ
ﻳﺼﻠﺤﺎ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎﺃﻥ
ﻓﻠﻼﺟﻨﺎﺡ
ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺿﺎ
ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ(١٢٨).ﻓﻘﺪﺩﻟﺖ ﺔ
ﺍﻵﻳ ﻭﺗﺘﻔﻮﺍ ﻓﺈﻥﺃﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺎﻳﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﺧﺒﻴﺮﺍ :ﺀ
ﻭﺇﻥﺗﺨﻴﺘﻮﺍ
ﺗﺮﻓﻌﺎﺃﻥﺗﺼﻠﺢﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻪﺻﻠﺤﺎ،
ﻧﺸﻮﺯﺍ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻣﻦﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻧﻪﺇﻥﺭﺃﺕ
ﺗﺮﺿ ﻞ
ﺑﺄﻗ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻬﺎﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻋﻠﻰﻭﺟﻪﻳﺒﻘﻴﻬﺎ،ﻣﻌﻪﻛﺄﻥ ﻰ
ﺗﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢﻓﻴﻪﻋﻦﺑﻌﺾ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﺖﺑﺄﻥﺗﺴﻘﻂﺣﻘﻬﺎ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ
ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﻟﻬﺎﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻜﺴﻮﺓ ﺃﻭ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﻲﻓ
ﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻓﻼﺟﻨﺎﺡﻭﻻﺑﺄﺱ
ﺗﻬﺐﻳﻮﻣﻬﺎﻭﻟﻴﻠﺘﻬﺎ.ﻟﻀﺮﺗﻬﺎﻓﺈﺫﺍﺍﺗﻔﻘﺎﻋﻠﻰﻫﺬﻩ
"ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻗﺔ .
،ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺧﻴﺮﻣﻦ
.ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻴﻢ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺇﻟﻰ
:ﺳﺎﺩﺳﺎﺃﺭﺷﺪ
g
ﺍﻟﺤﺴ ،ﻭﻻﺍﻟﻬﺠﺮﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ ،ﻭﻟﻢﻳﻨﻔﻊﺍﻟﻮﻋﻆ ﻦ
ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻘﺎﻕﺑﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻑ
ﺇﺫﺍﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﺼﻰﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺿﻲﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،
،ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺠﻊ ﻭﻻﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ،ﺍﻟﻴﺴﻴﺮ ﻭﻻﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢ،ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ
ﻥ
ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔﻋﺎﺩﻟﺔﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮ
ﻛﺎﻥﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎﺃﻥﻳﺒﻮﺣﺎﺑﺎﻟﻨﺰﺍﻉﺇﻟﻰ
ﺑﺤ
ﺩﺭﺑ ﻞ
،ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺔ
ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺎﻣﻦ
ﺃﻫﻠﻪ
،ﻋﺪﻟﻴﻦﺣﻜﻤﺎﻣﻦ
ﺛﻘﺘﻴﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺎﻛﻢﺇﻟﻰ
ﺫﻟﻚ
. ١٦
ﻓﺂﺑﻌﺜﻮﺍﺣﻜﻤﺎﻳﻦﺃﻫﻠﻪ
ﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻳﻘﻮﻝ:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻭﺇﻥﺧﻔﺌﺔﻳﻘﺎﻕ ﺑﻴﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻴﺃﺛﺮﻛﺒﻴﺮ
ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎ(٣٥)،ﻭﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻢ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻩ :ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻠﻪﻳﻮﻓﻖ
ﺇﺻﻠﻨﺤﺎ
ﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎﺇﻥﻳﺮﻳﺪﺍ
ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺎﻣﻦ
ﻭﺇﺭﺿﺎ
ﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ
، ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺎﻥﺑﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ
ﻓﻲﺇﻧﻬﺎﺀ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕ ﺣﻴﺚﻳﻘﻮﻡ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ،ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺤﻜﻤﺎﻥﻣﻤﻦﻟﻬﻢﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ"ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ .
ﺷﻤﻊﻋﻨﺪ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﻦ
ﻳﻮﻁﺀ.ﻓﻴﻪ
ﻓﻲﻃﻬﺮﻟﻢ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺇﻟﻰ
:ﺳﺎﺑﻌﺎﻭﺟﻪ
ﻓﺚ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ،
،ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺪﺍﻣﻦ ﻕ
ﻓﻲﺗﻬﺪﺋﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ
ﺇﺫﺍﻟﻢﺗﺠﺪ
ﻌﻬﺎ
ﻃﻬﺮﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺎﻣ
ﺗﻄﻬﺮﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺍ
ﺣﺘﻰ
ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ
،ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻭﺃﻥ
ﻓﻲﻳﻮﻗﻌﻪ
ﺷﺮﻋﺎﺃﻥﻻ
ﻭﺟﺐﻋﻠﻴﻪ
،ﻓﻴﻪﻭﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﻜﻤﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ؛ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﻄﻮﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﻓﺘﺘﺤﺮﺭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻮﺭﺍﻥ
ﻓﻲﺍﻷﺭﺣﺎﻡ ﻖ
ﻓﺘﺘﻌﻠ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﻳﻈﻬﺮﺣﻤﻞ
ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝﻣﺎﻳﺪﻓﻊ
،ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐﻓﻴﺒﺪﻭﻟﻬﺎﻣﻦ
.ﺃﻣﺮﻫﻤﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﺑﻪﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏﻭﺗﻬﻔﻮﺍﺇﻟﻴﻪﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱﻓﻴﻌﻴﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺎﻥﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ
.ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ
ﻣﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺇﻟﻰ
ﻗﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻣﻨﺎﻭﺟﻪ
ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﻮﻗﻌﻪﻣﺮﺓﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻻﻳﻮﻗﻊﺍﻟﻄﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ
ﻭﻧﻤﺤﻮ ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞﺃﻥ ﻻﻳﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎﺭﺍﺟﻌﻬﺎ
ﻣﺮﺓﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭﻣﺮﺓﺑﻌﺪﻣﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﺑﺎﻗﻴﺔ.ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺕ
ﻃﻼﻗﻪﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ
ﺑﻌﺪ
.ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﻓﺘﺮﺓﻃﻮﺍﻝ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﺑﺎﻗﻴﺔ
:ﺗﺎﺳﻌﺎ
ﻑ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺑﻞ ﺖ
ﺟﻌﻠ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺍﺑﻴﻦ ،ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺳﺒﺒﺎ ﻕ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﺗﺠﻌﻞﻟﻢ
.ﺔ
ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻟﻠﺮﺟﻌ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺔ
ﺗﻜﻮﻥﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ
ﻓﺘﺮﺓ
ﻭﻫﻲ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﻻﺑﺘﺪﺍﺀ
ﺫﻟﻚﺳﺒﺒﺎ
- ١٦٩٠
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ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻧﻈﺮﻩﻓﻴﻤﺎﺣﻞ،ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻣﺎﺻﺎﺭﺕ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪﻭﻳﻌﻴﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓﺗﺘﺄﻣﻞ
ﻓﺘﺮﺓﻭﻓﻲ
،ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻤﺎﺭﺍﺟﻊﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺍﻣﺖﻗﺮﺍﺭﻩﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎﻫﺪﺃﺕ
ﺍﻫﺘﺪﻯﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻟﻠﺘﺮﺍﺟﻊﻋﻦ
ﻓﺈﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺃﻥﺗﺘﺮﺑﺺﻓﺘﺮﺓﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎﻲﻓ ﺑﻴﺖ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉﻋﻠﻰ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓﻭﻟﺬﺍﺃﻭﺟﺐ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
ﻋﻠ
ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥﺫﻟﻚﺑﺎﻋﺜﺎ ﻰ
ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻬﻤﺎ
ﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎﺗﺘﺎﻟﻒ
،ﻭﺟﻨﺒﻪ
ﻓﻲﻋﻴﻦﺍﻵﺧﺮ
ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ
ﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥﻛﻞ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﺡﺑﻌﺪ.ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﺔﺑﻌﺪ
:ﻋﺎﺷﺮﺍ
ﻗﺎ
ﺍﻟﻌـ ﻓﺮﺍ
ﺍﻧﻘﻀﺎ ﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺑﻌﺪ ﺀ
ﺑـﻴﻦ ﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﺗﺠﻌﻞﻟﻢ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉﺇﺫﺍﻣﺎﺗﺮﺍﺿﻴﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ،ﻑ
،ﺗﺪﺍﺭﻛﻪﺑﻞﺃﺑﺎﺣﺖﻟﻬﻤﺎ
ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ
ﺃﺑﺪﻳﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺎ ﺀ
ﻭﺑﺪ ﺇﻟﻤﺎﺇﻟﻰﻧﺒﺬ ﺿﻲ
ﻓﻲﺫﻟﻚ ﺡﻟﻴﻜﻮﻥ
،ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻳﻦ
ﺑﻌﻘﺪﻭﻣﻬﺮ
ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻤﺎ
ﻳﺴﺘﺄﻧﻔﺎ
ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ
ﺣﻴﺎﺓ .ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ
ﻭﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ
ﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅﻋﻠﻰﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،
ﻓﻲﻋﻈﻤﺔﻣﻨﻬﺞﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻭﻣﻤﺎﺳﺒﻖﺗﺘﺒﻴﻦﻟﻨﺎ
ﻓﻲﺃﻣﺮﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻭﺣﺮﺻﻪﻋﻠﻰﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
ﻭ ﺑﺈﻱﺟﻴﻲ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴ،
ﺑـﻴ ﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎ ﻦ
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺎﻟ ﺓ
ﺔ ﺷﺮﻋﻲﻳﻠﺠﺎﺇﻟﻴﻪﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺣﻞ
ﺳﺒﻖﺃﻥﺑﻴﻨﺎﻓﻴﻤﺎ
ﻭﻗﻮ
ﺗﻜﻔ ﻋﻪ
ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻞ
ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ ﺔﺑﻌﻀﺎﻣﻦ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ،ﺫﻟﻚﻭﺑﻴﻨﺎ
ﻳﺸﺮﻉﺇﻻ ﻭﺃﻧﻪﻟﻢ
.ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ
ﻕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻨﺤﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺮ
ﻓﻲﺷﻲﺀﻣﻦ
ﻭﻣﻊﺫﻟﻚﻓﻘﺪﻳﻘﻊﺑﻌﺾﺍﻷﺯﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ.ﻓﻴﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻦ،ﻏﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎﻣﻤﺎﻳﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐﺇﻳﻀﺎﺣﻬﺎﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ
. ١٧
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕﻣﺎ.ﻳﺄﺗﻲ
ﻭﻣﻦﻫﺬﻩ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﺑﻼ ﺱ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﻩ:ﺃﻭﻻﻃﻠﺐ
ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺎﻡﺣﺎﻝﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻓﻲ ،ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻟﻢﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻭﺑﻴﻦﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﺪﻋﻮﻫﺎﺇﻟﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ
ﺇﺫﺍ
ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺳﺎﻟﺖ
ﺃﻳﻤ( ﺓ
ﺷﺘﻴﻲ :ﺎ
ﺭﺳﻮﻝﺍﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﻔﺎﺭﻗﺘﻬﺎ؛ﻟﻘﻮﻝ
ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻪ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ،ﻛﺎﻥﺣﺮﺍﻣﺎﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
،ﺔ
ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻨﻬﺎﺭﻳﺢ ﺍﻟﺠﻨ
"")ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔ:ﺃﻱ ﻉ
ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ
ﻓﺤﺮﺍﻡﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ
ﺑﺄﺱﻃﻼﻗﺎﻣﻦﻏﻴﺮ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪ:ﻭﻗﻴﻞﺇﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻟﻐ
ﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﻳﺘﻲﻋﻠﻰﻧﻬﺞﺍﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪ
ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﺟﺎﺀﻣﻦ
ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻨ
ﻳﺠﺪﻫ ﻮﻥ
ﺗﻤﺠﺪﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔﺍﻟﺠﻨﺔﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺎ
ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖﺑﻮﻗﺖﺩﻭﻥ،ﻭﻗﺖ :ﺃﻱ ﻻ
ﻭﻗﻮﻉﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ﺇﻻ
"ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ ،ﻭﻗﺪﺩﻝﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚﻋﻠﻰﺣﺮﻣﺔﺳﺆﺍﻝﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﻕﺗﺠﺪﻫﺎ
ﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎ
ﺷﺮﻋﻲ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻪﺇﻥﻭﺟﺪﺳﺒﺐﺩﺍﻉﺇﻟﻰﻃﻠﺐ ،ﺫﻟﻚﻛﻜﺮﺍﻫﺔﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻲﻓﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ
ﻟﺴﺒﺐ
ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﺟﺎﺯ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ،ﻟﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻻ .ﺧﺎﻟﻌﺘﻪ
ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊ ،ﻣﺎﻳﺄﺗﻲ:
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺃﻭ
ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺃﺓﻓﻴﻬﺎﻃﻠﺐ
ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝﺍﻟﺘﻲﻳﺠﻮﺯ
ﻭﻣﻦ
ﻳﺸﺮﺏﺍﻟﺨﻤﺮ.ﻣﺜﻼ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﻛﻤﻦ
ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ ،ﺕ
ﻳﺒﺎﻟﻲ
- ١ﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻻ
ﺗﻘﺼﻴﺮﺍ.ﺑﻴﻨﺎ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻓﻲ ٢ﺇﺫﺍﻗﺼﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻬ
ﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺓﻛﻤﻦ
ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊﻣﻌﻪﺩﻭﺍﻡ
٣ﺇﺫﺍﺃﺿﺮﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﺑﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪﺇﺿﺮﺍﺭﺍ ﻻ
ﺿﺮﺑﺎ،ﻣﺒﺮﺣﺎ ﺃﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥﺳﻠﻴﻂﺍﻟﻠﺴﺎﻥﺑﺎﻟﻠﻌﻦﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝﺍﻟﺒﺬﻱﺀﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺶ ﻟﻬﺎ
ﻭﺧﻮ .ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﺑﻐﻴﺒﺔ ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻭﺧﺎﻓﺖﻋﻠﻰﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ.ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ
٤ﺇﺫﺍﺗﻀﺮﺭﺕ
ﻓﻲ،ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻊﺭﻗﻢ:ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ(٢٢٢٦)،ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲﻲﻓ
ﻓﻲ،ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ،ﺑﺎﺏ
) (١ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ /٩٧٨). (٢
ﻣﺸﻜﺎﺓ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ/١٣٨).(٢
ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ
): (٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﻴﺾ،ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮﺷﺮﺡ
- -١٧١
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
.ﺑﺤﺒﺴﻪ
٥ﺇﺫﺍﺣﺒﺲﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻣﺪﺓ،ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔﻭﺗﻀﺮﺭﺕ
ﺍﻟﻮﻁ
ﻰ ،ﺀﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭ ﻋﻠ
ﻋﺪﻡ ﺓ ،ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻘﻢ ﺃﻭ
ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻤﺎ
ﺑﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﻋﻴﺒﺎ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ
- :ﺇﺫﺍﺭﺃﺕ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﺃﻭ ﺿﺎ
ﻣﺮ ﻉ، ﺀ
ﻳﻤﻨﻊﺍﻟﻮﻁ
ﻣﺰﻣﻨﺎﻣﺮﺿﺎ
،ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺓﺃﻭ
ﻛﺮﻳﻬﺔ
ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ
ﺃﻭ
ﻣﻌﺪﻳﺎﻭﻧﺤﻮ.ﺫﻟﻚ
ﺧﻄﻴﺮﺍ
.ﻣﻨﻪ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺃﻭ
ﺭﺟﻌﻴﺎﻣﻦﺑﻴﺖ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺪﺓ
ﻗﺜﺎ:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ
ﺭﺟﻌﻲﺃﻥﺗﺨﺮﺝﻣﻦﺑﻴﺖ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻭﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﺰﻭﺟﻬﺎﺃﻥ
ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺘﺪﺓﻣﻦﻃﻼﻕ
ﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯ
ﻭﺃﺣﺼ
ﻓﻄﻠﻘﻮﻟﻌﺪﺭﺕ ﻮﺍ،ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎ ﻫﻦ
ﻃﻠﻘﺘﻢ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰﻳﻨﺄﻫﺎﺍﻟﻨﺊﺇﺫﺍ
ﻳﺠﺒﺮﻫﺎﻋﻠﻰ،ﺫﻟﻚﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﻧﻔﻨـﺠﻬ ﻣﻴﻨﻨﺔ
ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻦ ﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﺟﺮﻱﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﻦﻭﻻ
ﺗﺨﺮﺟﻮﻫﺮﻥﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻪﺭﺑﻜﻢ ﻻ
ﻭﺍﺗﻘﻮﺍ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﺝ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎ
ﻣﻌﻜﻢ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻻﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻬﻦﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭ
ﻳﺴﻜﻦ
ﺃﻟﺰﻣﻮﻫﻦﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﻦﺍﻟﺘﻲ
:ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ():١ﺃﻱ
ﻟﻠﺰﻭﺟ
ﺔ ﻦﻳﺠﺐﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺟﻠﻠﺨﻪ :ﺃﻣﺎ«ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎﻓﻸﻥﺍﻟﻤﺴﻜ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺪﻱ
ﻗﺎﻝ
ﻟﺘﻜﻤﻞﻓﻴﻪﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎﺍﻟﺘﻲﻫﻲﺣﻖﻣﻦ،ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ ﻭﺃﻣﺎﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﻋﻦ،ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻲﻓ
ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦﺇﺿﺎﻋﺔ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺻﻮﻧﻪﻭﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦﺍﻟﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﻣﻦ
ﺢ
ﺑﺄﻣ ﻗﺒﻴ
ﻳﻔﺤﺸﻮ"،ﻣﻴﻴﺘﺔ :ﺃﻱ ﺮ
ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻦ
،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﺇﻻﺃﻥ
ﺗﻤﺎﻡ
ﻭﺍﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝﺇﻟﻰ
،ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ
،ﻭﺍﺿﺢﻣﻮﺟﺐﻹﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ،ﺑﺤﻴﺚﻳﺪﺧﻞﻋﻠﻰﺃﻫﻞﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭﻣﻦﻋﺪﻡ،ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ
،ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔﻓﻔﻲﻫﺬﻩﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻬﻢ،ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻲ
ﻫ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ
ﻛﺎﻷﺫﻯﺑﺎﻷﻗﻮﺍﻝ
،ﻟﺨﺎﻃﺮﻫﺎﻭﺭﻓﻖ ،ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻬﻲﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﺒﺖ ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ،ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎﻭﺍﻹﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺟﺒﺮ
ﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺪﺓ،ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﺎ،ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻦﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺳﻜﻨ
ﺃﺩﺧﻠﺖﺍﻟﻀﺮﺭﻋﻠﻰ،ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎﻭﻫﺬﺍﻓﻲ
»ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻦ .
ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔﺩﻭﻥ
ﻣﺠﺐﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻦﺗﺒﻊ،ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻘﺔ
ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺔ ؛ ﻷﻥ
:ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ)٢٤٢). (٠٢٠(١
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٨٦٩).
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
) (١ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
. ١٧٢٠
ﺯﻭﺟﻬ ﺎ
ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔﻲﻓﺑﻴﺖ
ﻟﻄﺮﻑﺛﺎﻟﺚﻳﺪﺧﻞﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ؛ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚﻳﻜﻮﻥﻣﻜﺚ
ﺣﺎﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﻣﻦﺗﺸﺮﻳﻊ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻗﺎﻝﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﺑﻘﻀﺎﺀﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻲﻓ ﺑﻴﺖ
ﻋﻠﻰﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ
ﻳﺤﺪﻲﻓ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ(:١).ﺃﻱ:ﻟﻌﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺙ
:ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ ﻻﺗﺪﺭﻯﻟﻌﻞﺍﻟﻠﻪﺗﺤﺪﺙﺑﻌﺪﺫﻟﻚﺃﻣﺮﺍﻩ ﻕ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺩﺓﻓﻴﺮﺍﺟﻌﻬﺎﻭﻳﺴﺘﺄﻧﻒ،ﻋﺸﺮﺗﻬﺎﻓﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚﻣﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ
ﻗﻠﺐ
ﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎ
ﺀ ﻓﻴﺮﺍﺟﻌﻬ
ﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﺃﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎﻟﺴﺒﺐ،ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻓﻴﺰﻭﻝ ﺫﻟﻚﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐﻓﻲﻣﺪﺓ،ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ
ﺳﺒﺐﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ .
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ ﺣﻲ
،ﻊ ﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺃﺛﺮﺳﻠﺒﻲﻋﻠﻰﺣﻴﺎﺓﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂ
ﻭﻟﻘﺪﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻌﺔﺻﻌﺒﺎﺣﺘﻰﻭﻟﻮﻛﺎﻥ ﻑ
ﺍﻟﺨﻼ ،ﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪﻭﺃﺻﺒﺢﺃﻣﺮ
ﺗﺮﺗﺐﻋﻠﻰﺫﻟﻚﻓﻮﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﺎﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻭﺑﻴﻦ،ﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎ
ﺀ ﺍ؛ﻓﻤﺎﺃﻥﺗﻐﺎﺩﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ ﺑﻴﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﺣﺘﻰﻳﻜﺜﺮ
ﻓﻴﺤﻮ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﻝ ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺴﺮ،ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺢﻭﺭﺑﻤﺎﺗﺮﻏﺐﻫﻲ
ﻭﺗﺸﺘﻌﻞ،ﺍﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺎﻕ
ﻓﻴﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪ
ﺍﻟﺠﻔﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﺎﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺀ
ﻓﻲﺑﻴﺖﺯﻭﺟﻬﺎﻟﻜﺎﻥ
ﺃﺣﺪﺃﻫﻠﻬﺎﺩﻭﻥ،ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻟﻮﺑﻘﻴﺖ
ﻭﻳﺒﻌﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ.ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺀ
).ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻳﻤﻴﻦ(
ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﻗﻔﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺍﻟﺤﻠﻒ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ :ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺮﺍﺩﺑﻪ ﺣﺚﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻒﻋﻠﻰﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﻭﻣﻨﻌﻪﻣﻦ
ﻳﻘﺼﺪﺑﻴﻤﻴﻦ
،ﺗﻜﺬﻳﺒﻪﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ:ﻗﺎﻝ ﻋﻠ«
ﻲ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻘﻪﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺒﻴﻋﻠﻰ
ﻦ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻌﻴ
،ﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﻭﺣﺚ
ﻲ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﻻﺃﻛﻠـﻢ»ﻓﻼﻧﺎ ،ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠ«
ﻋﻠﻲ«
»،ﺍﻟﻔﻼﻧﻲ ﺃﻭ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﻤﺎ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺃﻥ ﻻﺃﻋﻤﻞ ﻥ
،ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦﻟﻠﺴﻌﺪﻱ(٨٦٩).
ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ
): (١ﻳﻨﻈﺮﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ
١
ﻳﺴﻤﻰﻳﻤﻴﻨﺎ؛ﻷﻥﻓﻴﻪﺣﻼﻭﻣﻨﻌﺎ،ﻭﻻ
»ﺫﺑﻴﺤﺘﻲﺃﻭﻣﺎﺃﺷﺒﻪ،ﺫﻟﻚﻓﻬﺬﺍ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺃﻥﺗﺄﻛﻞ
ﻳﻘﺼﺪﺑﻪﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ "ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ.
ﻃﺎﻟ ﺃﻭ
ﻲ ﻖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻓﺰﻭﺟﺘ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺾﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ:ﻗﺎﻝ ﺇﺫﺍﻃﻠﻌﺖ
ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ
ﻭﻫﻮﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒﻋﻦ
ﻣﺤﻀﺎ
، ﺷﺮﻃﺎ
،ﻣﺤﻀﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﻗﺎﻝ :ﺇﺫﺍﺩﺧﻞﺭﻣﻀﺎﻥﻓﺰﻭﺟﺘﻲ،ﻃﺎﻟﻖ ﻓﻬﺬﺍﻳﺴﻤﻰﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎ
".ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ
ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﻭﻗﻊ
ﻭﺣﻜﻤﻪﺃﻧﻪﻣﺘﻰﻭﺟﺪ
ﻋﺸﺮ
ﺇﻃﻌﺎ ﺓ
ﺃﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻠﻒﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﻭﺣﻨﺚﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪﺃﻥﻳﻜﻔﺮﻛﻔﺎﺭﺓ،ﻳﻤﻴﻦﻭﻫﻲ ﻡ
،ﺎ ﺭﻩ
ﻭﻣﻘﺪﺍ ﻣﺴﻜﻴﻦﻧﺼﻒ،ﺻﺎﻉﻣﻦﻗﻮﺕﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻣﻦﺗﻤﺮﺃﻭ ﺭﺯﺃﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤ
ﻣﺴﺎﻛﻴﻦﻟﻜﻞ
ﻓﺈ
ﻳﻌﺘﻖ،ﺭﻗﺒﺔ ﻥ
ﻗﻤﻴﺺ ﺃﻭﻋﻠﻰﺇﺯﺍﺭ،ﻭﺭﺩﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ
ﻳﻜﺴﻮﻫﻢﻋﻠﻰ
ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻭﻧﺼﻒ،ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﺃﻭ
ﻭﻟﻨﻜ
ﺃﻳﻤﻨﻴﻜ ﻦ
ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﻮﻖﻓ ﻢ
ﻳﺆﺍﺧﺬﻛﻢﺍﻟﻠﻪ
:ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻻ
ﻟﻢﻳﺠﺪﻓﺈﻧﻪﻳﺼﻮﻡﺛﻼﺛﺔﺃﻳﺎﻡ "،ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ
ﺃﻫﻠﻴﻜﺃﻭ
ﻥ ﺔ ﺃﻭﺳﻣﺎﺗﻄﻌﻤﻮ
ﻥﻣﻦ ﻂ
ﺇﻃﻌﺎﻡﻋﺜﺮﺓﻣﺴﻜﺮ
:ﻓﻜﻔﺮﺗﻪ
ﺍﻷﻳﻤﻨﻦ
ﻋﻘﺪﺋﻢ
ﻳﺆﺍﺧﺬﻛﻢﻳﻤﺎ
:ﺋﺪﺓ ).
44 ﺣﻠﻘﺌﺰﻩﺍﻟﻤﺎ(
ﺃﻳﻤﻨﻴﻜﺔﺇﺫﺍ
ﻛﻔﺮﺓﻓﺼﻴﺎﻡﺛﻠﻨﺜﺔﺃﻳﺎﻡﺫﻟﻚ
ﻓﻤﻦﻟﺰﺟﺪ
ﺭﻗﺒﺔ
ﻋﺮﻳﺮ
ﻛﺘﻮﺗﻬﺔﺃﻭ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻝﻋﻦﻭﺻﻒﻧﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ
ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱﻭﻗﻊﻣﻨﻪﺍﻟﺤﻠﻒﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼﻕﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎﻳﻔﺘﻴﻪﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺣﻜﻰﻫﻮ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ،ﺃﻣﺎ
،ﺑﻠﻔﻈﻪﻫﻞﺃﺭﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩ
ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻮﻳﻒﻟﻢﻳﻐﻨﻪﻣﺎ ﻩ
ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ:ﻭﻗﺎﻝﻟﻢﺃﻧﻮﻩﻭﺇﻧﻤﺎﻗﺼﺪﺕ
ﻋﻦﻧﻴﺘﻪ ،ﻓﺈﻥﻛﺎﻥﻧﻮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﺇﻻ
؛ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻲﻓ
ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎﻣﺎﺩﺍﻣﺖ ﺔ
ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﺘﻬﺎ
ﻃﻠﻘﺔﻳﺠﻮﺯﻟﻪ
ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ
ﻭﺗﻄﻠﻖﻣﻨﻪ
،ﺷﻴﻨﺎ
ﺑﻄﻠﻘﺘﻴﻦ ؛ ﻷﻥﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪﺗﺒﻴﻦ"".ﺣﻴﻨﺜﺬ
ﺃﻥﻳﻜﻮﻥﻃﻼﻗﻪﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺎ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ /١٨٢).(٢٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
): ٢ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ /١٨٢).(٢٢
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ
): (٣ﻳﻨﻈﺮ
(٢٠/١٢٩). ﻓﺘﺎﻭﻯ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻤﺔ )(١ )(٤
- ١٧٤
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﻊ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ
ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
ﺃﺛﺎﺭ
ﻲﺣﻴﺎﺓ
،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓﻭﺃﻭﻻﺩﻫﻤﺎ ،ﺑﻞ ﻭﻓ
ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓﻓﻲﺣﻴﺎﺓﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻌﺔﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻟﻠﻄﻼﻕ ﺃﻭ
ﻫﺬﻩ:ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ
ﻳﺄﺗﻲﻧﺒﻴﻦﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎﻣﻦ
ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ
،ﺑﺄﺳﺮﻩ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
ﺃﻭﻻ:ﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘ :
ﻓﻲﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺔﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻛﺎﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍ
ﻳﺤﺪﺙ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻃﺎﺕﺍﻟﻨﺎﺷﺌﺔ ﻋﻦﺷﻌﻮﺭﻫﺎ
- ١ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﻦ،ﻻﺳﻴﻤﺎﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻧﺖﺣﺎﺿﻨﺔﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﺎ ،ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻨﻔﺮﺩ ﻲ
ﻫ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﻭﻏﻴﺎﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ
. ﺑﺘﺤﻤﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻫﻢ
ﺩﻭﻥ
ﻓﺮﺻ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭﺑﺘﻘﺪﻡ،ﺍﻟﺴﻦ ﺣﻴﺚﺗﻘﻞ ﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔﻋﻨﺪ
ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻮﻃﺎﺕﻋﻠﻰ
٢ﺗﺸﺘﺪ
ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻬﺎﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺰﻭﺝﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ؛ﻟﻌﺰﻭﻑﺍﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺜﻴﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﻦ
ﻣﻌ
ﺇﻧﺠﺎﺑﻬﻦ،ﻓﻘﺪ ﻻﻳﻄﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﺇﻻﻣﻦ ﺑﻪﺣﺎﺟﺔﻻﻣﺮﺃﺓﺫﺍﺕﺧﺒﺮﺓﻲﻓ
ﺗﺘﻌﺬﺭﻓﺮﺻﺔ
ﺀ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺃﻭ ﺳﻮ
ﻟﺰﻭﺟﺘﻪﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺕ
ﻓﺎﻗﺪﺍ
ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﻣﺜﻼ،ﻭﻫﺬﺍﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎﻣﺎﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮ،ﻩ ﻓﻴﺒﺤﺚﻋﻦﻣﺜﻴﻼﺗﻬﺎﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥﻣﺮﺑﻴﺔﻷﻭﻻﺩﻩﻗﺒﻞﺃﻥﺗﻜﻮﻥﺯﻭﺟﺔ.ﻟﻪ
ﻣﺠﻤﻠ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﻣﻦﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎﻭﻫﻲﻲﻓ ﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺑﻌﺾ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﺔ
ﺗﻌﺎﻧﻲ
٣
ﻣﻌﺘﻠﺜﺔﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻡﻭﺍﻟﻌﺘﺎﺏﻋﻠﻰﻋﺪﻡﻧﺠﺎﺣﻬﺎﻓﻲﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ
.ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
:ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻴﻦ :
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻌ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﻴ
ﻓﻲﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﻦﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻌﺔﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﻟﻠﻄﻼﻕﺃﻭ
ﺮﺍ
ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺆﺛﺮﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﺍ ﻛﺒﻴ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔﻭﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ
ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮﻣﻦ
ﻳﺼﺎﺏ
- ١ﺣﻴﺚ
ﻦﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ
،ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺘﻬﻢﻓﻘﺪﻟﻮﺣﻆﺃﻥﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﻴ
ﻭﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ
ﻧﺸﺎﻃﺎﺗﻬﻢ
ﻋﻠﻰ
- ١٧٥
ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ،
ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔﺑﺄﺣﻮﺍﻟﻬﻢﻗﺒﻞ ﻕ
ﻧﺴﺒﺔﺇﺻﺎﺑﺘﻬﻢﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽﺍﻟﺒﺪﻧﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰﻟﺔ؛
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﻴﻦ ﺫﻟﻚﺇﻟﻰﺷﻌﻮﺭ ﻖ
ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻠﻴﻦ
ﻭﻳﺮﺟﻊﺑﻌﺾ
ﺓ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺎﺏﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲﻋﺎﺵﻓﻲﻇﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻓـﺘﺮ
ﺱ
ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎ ،ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻓﻴﺸﻌﺮﺑﺎﻟﺨﻴﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻲﻭﺍﻷﺑﻮﻱ،
ﺣﻀﺎﻧﺘﻬ
ﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔﻋﻦﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﺔ؛ﻭﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩﺍﻟﺼﻐﺎﺭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﺗﺆﻭﻝ
ﺇﻟﻰ،ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺗﻬﻢﻭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦﻗﺪﻳﻜﺴﺒﻬﻢﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻕﻧﻔﻮﺭﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ.ﺍﻟﺒﻠﻮﻍ
ﻃﻼﻗﻪ ﺑﻼﺳﺒﺐ ﻊ
ﻣﻘﻨ ،ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻖﺧﺎﺻﺔﺇﺫﺍﻛﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﻳﺤﺬﺭﻣﻦﺗﺰﻭﻳﺞ
٢ﺃﻥ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒ
ﺔ ،ﻭﻭﺟﻴﻪﻓﻴﺨﺸﻮﻥﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﻴﺮ،ﺑﻨﺎﺗﻬﻢﻣﻤﺎﻳﺠﻌﻞﺣﺼﻮﻟﻪﻋﻠﻰﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ.ﺣﺎﻟﻪ
ﻇﺮﻓﻪﻭﻋﻠﻢ
ﻟﻤﻦﻗﺪﺭ
ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔﺇﻻ
ﺷﻲﺀﻣﻦ
ﻓﻴﻪ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ.ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
ﺗﻔﻪ:ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳ:
ﺟﻴﺔﺑﻴﻦ ﻦﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭ
ﺗﻀﺮﺭﺍﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺔﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ
ﺍﻷﻃﻔﺎﻝﻫﻢ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﺭﺑﻤﺎ
ﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻭﻋﻼﻗـﺎﺗ
ﺷﻌﻮﺭﻫ ﻲ
ﻢ ﻓﻲ
ﻭﺍﻟـﺪﻳﻬﻢ
ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎﻝﺑـﻴﻦ
ﻓﻐﺎﻟﺒﺎﻣﺎﻳﺆﺛﺮ
-١
ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ،ﻓﻘﺪﻳﻔﻘﺪﻭﻥﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭﺑﺎﻷﻣﺎﻥ،ﻭﻳﺤﺮﻣﻮﻥﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﺱ.ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ
ﻭﺗﺴﺮﺑﻬﻢﻣﻦ،ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢﻭﻫﺬﺍﺑﺪﻭﺭﻩ
٢ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﻣﺎﻳﺆﺩﻱﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺇﻟﻰﺟﻨﻮﺡﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ
ﻳﺆﺩﻱﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼ ﺕ؛ ﺣﻴﺚﻳﻨﺨﺮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺧﺎﺭﺝﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔﻲﻓ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﻜﺮ
ﺍﺕ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻣﻠﻲﺀ
ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻫﻢﺇﻟﻰﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﻝ
ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺤﺮﻓﻴﻦﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺎﻕ
ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺋﻢ،ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔﺃﻥ
ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎﻣﻦ
ﻑﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ،ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺣﻬﻢﺳﻮﺍﺀﺃﻛﺎﻥﻫﺬﺍ
ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﺍ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﻱﻋﺎﻣﻞﻣﺆﺛﺮ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻚ
.ﻝ
ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦﺑﻌﺪ
ﻓﻲﺻﻮﺭﺓﺧﻼﻓﺎﺕﺃﻡﻃﻼﻕ ،ﺃﻡﺯﻭﺍﺝﻷﺣﺪ
ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻚ
- ١٧٦
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤ
ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔﻋﻠﻰ .ﻊ
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ
:ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎﺁﺛﺎﺭ
ﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊﺑﺸﻜﻞ،ﻋﺎﻡ ﺇﺫﻳﻤﺜﻞﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭﺍ
ﻓﻲﺣﻴﺎﺓ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ
ﻳﺆﺛﺮ
ﻰ
ﺩﺓ ﻋﻠ
ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭﻩﺍﻟﺘﻲﻛﺎﻧﺖﻣﻌﻘﻮ
ﺑﺒﻌﺾ
ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ
ﻓﻲﻭﺗﻘﺼﻴﺮﺍ
،ﻭﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺗﻪ
ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺋﻪ
ﻷﺣﺪ
ﺗﻘﻮﻳ.ﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ
ﻓﻲ ﺾ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﺴﻬﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ،ﻣﻤﺎﻳﻨﺬﺭﺑﻈﻬﻮﺭ
ﻭﺟﻮﺩ
ﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕ :
ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻨﺸﺄﻋﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﻭﻣﻦﺃﺑﺮﺯ
،ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺣﻴﺚﻳﺆﺩﻱﺍﻟﻄﻼﻕﺇﻟﻰﻇﻬﻮﺭ
١ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺑﻴﻦﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ
.ﻭﻋﺸﺎﺋﺮﻫﻢ
ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻘﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕﺑﻴﻦﻋﻮﺍﺋﻞ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﺍﻧﻴ ؛ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻥ
ﻓﻘﺪﺍ ﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻠﻘﻴﺔ
ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ
،ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ
ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺋﻢ
ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉﻣﻌﺪﻻﺕ
٢
.ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔﻣﻦ ﺭﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺑﻲﻭﻏﻴﺎﺏ
ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔﺑﺴﺒﺐﺳﻮﺀﺍﻷﻭﺿﺎﻉﺍﻷﺳﺮﻳﺔ،ﻣﻤﺎﻳﻔﻘﺪﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ
٣ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ
.ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻪ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ،ﻭﺿﺒﻂ
ﻓﻲﺗﻨﻈﻢﺣﻴﺎﺓ
ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻫﺎ
ﻭ ﻱ
. -١٧٧
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻓﺎﻣﻦ
ﻓﺎﻧﻤﻪ ﻣﺠﺘﻊ
ﻓﺄﺗﻮﻭﺍﺕ
ﻓﻔﺘﺘﺮﺭﺍﺕ
ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻱ
٣ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ
ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ
ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ:ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
•ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
ﻭﻣﻈﺎﻫﺮﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡﺑﻬﺎ
•ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
١٥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﺔ
•ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
١٩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ :ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
٢ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻒﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻴﻞﺑﻴﻦ
•ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﻝ
٢٣ • ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﺠﻨﺴﻴﻦ
٧ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﺎ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏ
٢٩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ:ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ
٣ •ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻭﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔﻭﺃﻫﻢﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﺎ
•ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ
٣ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ
•
٤٣ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ
:ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ
٤٥ •ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥﺣﻜﻤﻪ
٧ ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻁﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
•ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ
•ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁﻓﻲﻋﻘﺪﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﻭ« ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔﻓﻲﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺝ
ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎﺕ
ﺑﻴﺎﻥ•ﻟﺒﻌﺾ
٥٩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ:ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﻴﺔ
٣
:ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝﻭﺣﻘﻮﻕﺍﻟﺰﻭﺟﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ
٧٥ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ• ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺝ
. ١٨٩٠
)Searchable PDF created by OCR.space (Free Version
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓﻓﻲ
ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ
١٨٥ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻊ
ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ
١٨٩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ