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Do Thi Thu Ha, MSc.
The Design process
Product design:
defines the appearance of
the product, sets standards
for performance, specifies
which materials are to be
used, and determines
dimensions and tolerances
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The Design process: Idea generation
Perceptual map:
visual method of
comparing customer
perceptions of different
products or services.
Benchmarking: Low
comparing a product nutrition
or process against the
best-in-class product.
Reverse engineering:
carefully dismantling a
competitor’s product
to improve your own
product.
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Lecture outline
Chapter 4 – p.156 In this chapter, you will learn about:
1. The Design Process
Product 2. Rapid Prototyping and Concurrent Design
3. Technology in Design
design 4. Design Quality Reviews
5. Design for Environment
6. Design for Robustness
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‘Design’ is to conceive the looks, arrangement, The Design
and workings of something before it is created
An effective design process:
process:
 Matches product or service characteristics Idea generation
with customer requirements
 Ensures that customer requirements are met
in the simplest and least costly manner
 Reduces the time required to design a new
product or service
 Minimizes the revisions necessary to make a
design workable
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Rapid Prototyping and Concurrent Design
Good taste Rapid prototyping:
creating, testing, and
revising a preliminary
Cocoa Puffs New
product? design model.
High Concurrent design:
nutrition a new approach to
Cheerios design that involves
Rice the simultaneous
Krispies Wheaties
design of products
Shredded and processes by
Wheat design teams.
Bad taste
A Perceptual Map for breakfast cereals
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Form design, Functional design Technology in design

and Production design
Form design: Simplification:
how the product will look reduces the number Computer-aided design (CAD):
Functional design: of parts, assemblies, assists in the creation,
how the product will perform or options in a modification, and analysis of a
Production design: product. design.
how the product will be made
Computer-aided engineering (CAE):
a software system that tests and
analyzes designs on the computer
Read the case study below and answer the questions.
screen.
1. Where did they come up with the idea to create that “new product”?
2. Determine the form design, the functional design, and the production design
of that “new product”.

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Design quality reviews: FMEA Design quality reviews: FMEA

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA): FMEA for a table of elementary pupils
a systematic method of analyzing product failures. FMEA for Potato Chips Failure Cause of Effect of Corrective
Mode Failure Failure Action
The table is easy
to fall over

Easy to fall objects

The user is not

comfortable sitting
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Design quality reviews: FMEA Design quality reviews: FMEA

FMEA for Washing machine FMEA for Washing machine
Failure Cause of Effect of Corrective Failure Cause of Effect of Corrective
Mode Failure Failure Action Mode Failure Failure Action
The space between the Attach a free base at the bottom
Too Annoy when using, affect
Too noisy bottom and the floor is too when selling to customers or
noisy the activities of customers
close increase the height of the base
The tray for adding powder Bad smells on clothes,
Clothes Change the internal face of the tray
Clothes not clean is not smooth enough for affect to the quality of fabric
not clean to kind of slippery materials
powder pouring down color
Affect to fabric and make it Change the ability of washing from
Clothes The propellers in the
stretch, badly wrinkled propeller to the strength of water,
Clothes be twisted be laundry cage turn too fast
clothes and hard to make make the slits smaller for increasing
twisted and strong
them straight again the speed and the strength of water
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Design quality reviews: FTA Design for environment

Fault tree analysis (FTA): Eco-labeling:  Designing a product from material that can be
a visual method for a seal of approval for
analyzing the
recycled
environmentally safe
interrelationships among products.  Design from recycled material
failures
 Design for ease of repair
 Minimize packaging
 Minimize material and energy used during
manufacture, consumption and disposal
FTA for Potato Chips

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Design for environment Design for robustness

Robust design:  Robust product: designed to withstand variations
yields a product or in environmental and operating conditions
service designed to  Controllable factors: design parameters such as
withstand variations
material used, dimensions, and form of processing
Tolerances:  Uncontrollable factors: user’s control (length of
allowable ranges of use, maintenance, settings, etc.)
variation.
 Consistency:
■ consistent errors are easier to correct than random
errors
■ parts within tolerances may yield assemblies that are
not within limits
■ consumers prefer product characteristics near their
ideal values
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What inspires you? → Ideas about Product designs

 Design for normal things

Design is not just
 Design for disability what it looks and
feels like. Design is
 Design for environment
how it works.

Personal I want to _________

As a _________ Outcome
Action so that _________
- Steve Jobs -
When_________ I want to _________ so I can _________ Do Thi Thu Ha, MSc.

Situation Motivation Expected outcome

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