Introduction:

 A ratio is a comparison of two numbers.

 We generally separate the two numbers in the ratio with a colon (:)
 Ratio can be used on maps to show the scale in relation to real life. 

EXAMPLE:
Jeannine has a bag with 4 marbles and 7 books.
What is the ratio of books to marbles?
Expressed as a fraction, with the numerator equal to the first quantity and the denominator
equal to the second, the answer would be 7/4.
Two other ways of writing the ratio are 7 to 4, and 7:4.
But the ratio of marble to books is 4:7.

Sometimes it’s not easy to compare ratios. If we change the ratios to percentage
it is easier to compare them
Presentations:
EQUIVALENT RATIOS
To compare ratios they can be written as fractions. If the fractions are equivalent,
the ratios are equal.
If ratios are equivalent then they are said to be in proportion.
Introduction:
 To compare ratios they can be written as fractions.
 Ratios or fractions can be expressed as percentages.
 Writing percentage as decimal is relatively straightforward.
 Like fractions ratios can be simplified.
Presentations:
 FRACTION RATIO PERCENTAGE
1
2
1:2 50%

 4: 8 can be simplified as 1 : 2
 PROPORTION
 If two ratios are equivalent they are in proportion.
 Two quantities are in direct proportion when they increase or
decrease in the same ratio.
 Jack decided to paint his room in green color. So he decided to mix
yellow and blue paint in a specific ratio to get the right shade.

 He then tried the shade and painted one wall. He then wanted to
make paint for 3 more walls.

 To get the required paint buckets he used the above ratio in the
same proportion
 Presentations:
 QUESTION: If 25 m of piping weights 50 kg, how heavy is a pipe of
150m. [UNITARY METHOD]
 Introduction:

Dividing a quantity in a given ratio :

To divide a quantity in the given ratio, we

need to follow the steps given below.

(i) Write the given quantity 

(ii) Write the ratio that we have to split.

(iii) By adding the ratio, we can find the

total number of parts that we have to split.

(iv) Divide the given quantity by the total

number of parts

(v) Multiply each the number in the ratio by

the unit rate to get the answer.

Presentations:

Example:

Divide $280 in the ratio 3:5

Solution :

3:5 means the first quantity is 3 parts and the second quantity in 5 parts.

Total number of parts = 3 + 5 = 8

8 parts = $280
 1 part = 280/8  ==>  35

3 parts  =  3 x 35  =  $105

5 parts  =  5 x 35  =  $175

Hence we can split 280 as 105 and 175 in the ratio 3:5.