K.R.M.V.

P / 2021 – 2022 / MATHEMATICS / CLASS VI / RATIO & PROPORTION /

WORKSHEET 1

RATIO

When two quantities are compared in terms of ‘how many times’, the comparison is known as the
Ratio.

Examples: Comparing heights, comparing weights, Comparing prices etc.….

We denote ratio using symbol ‘:’

POINTS TO REMEMEBER

Two quantities can be compared only if they are in the same unit. If they are not, they should be
expressed in the same unit before the ratio is taken.
𝑎 𝑏
a : b and b : a are not the same ratio as a : b is 𝑏 and b : a is 𝑎
A ratio can be expressed as a fraction.
A ratio can be expressed in its lowest form.

EXAMPLE: Length and breadth of a rectangular field are 5000 cm and 35 m respectively. Find the
ratio of the length to the breadth of the field.

SOLUTION: Length of the rectangular field = 5000 cm = 50 m [1 m = 100 cm]

Breadth of the rectangular field = 35 m

The ratio of the length to the breadth is 50 : 35

50 50 ÷ 5 10
The ratio 50 : 35 can be written as 35 = 35 ÷ 5 = = 10 : 7
7

Therefore, the required ratio is 10 : 7

EQUIVALENT RATIO

Two ratios are equivalent, if the fractions corresponding to them are equivalent.

NOTE: We can get equivalent ratios by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the
same number.

EXAMPLE: Give two equivalent ratios of 6 : 4

6 6×2 12
SOLUTION: Ratio 6 : 4 = 4 = 4 × 2 = = 12 : 8
8

6 6÷2 3
and, 6 : 4 = 4 = 4 ÷ 2 = 2 = 3 : 2

Therefore, two equivalent ratios of 6 : 4 are 12 : 8 and 3 : 2

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 PROPORTION

If two ratios are equal, we say that they are in proportion and use the symbol ‘::’ or ‘=’ to equate the two
ratios.

NOTE

1. If two ratios are not equal, then we say that they are not in proportion.

2. In a statement of proportion, the four quantities involved when taken in order are known as
respective terms. First and fourth terms are known as extreme terms. Second and third terms
are known as means (middle) terms.

RESULT

Product of extreme terms = Product of means (middle) terms

Or, Product of first and fourth terms = Product of second and third terms
In general, a : b :: c : d
Ratio of first to second term is equal to ratio of third to fourth term.
Extreme terms are ‘a and d’ & Means (Middle) terms are ‘b and c’.
Therefore, a × d = b × c

EXAMPLE: Are 30, 40, 45 and 60 in proportion?

30 30 ÷10 3
SOLUTION: Ratio of 30 to 40 = 40 = 40 ÷10 = 4 = 3 : 4

45 45 ÷15 3
Ratio of 45 to 60 = 60 = 60 ÷15 = 4 = 3 : 4

Since, 30 : 40 :: 45 : 60

Therefore, 30, 40, 45, 60 are in proportion.

UNITARY METHOD

The method in which first we find the value of one unit and then the value of required number of units
is known as Unitary Method.

EXAMPLE: If the cost of 6 cans of juice is Rs 210, then what will be the cost of 4 cans of juice?

SOLUTION: Cost of 6 cans of juice = Rs 210

210
Cost of 1 can of juice = Rs = Rs 35
6

Cost of 4 cans of juice = Rs 35 × 4 = Rs 140

Thus, cost of 4 cans of juice is Rs 140

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. Find the ratio of 2 years to 3 months.

2. The ratio of boys and girls in a school is 7 : 5. If the total number of students in the school is 480,
find the number of boys.
3. Two numbers are in the ratio 4 : 7. If their sum is 143, find the numbes.
4. The marked price of a table is Rs 625 and its sale price is Rs 500. What is the ratio of the sale
price to the marked price?
5. A rectangular sheet of paper is of length 1.2 m and width 21 cm. Find the ratio of width of the
paper to its length.
6. Are the ratios 50 m : 75 m and 12 kg : 18 kg forming a proportion?
7. Check whether 15, 45, 5, 25 are in proportion or not.
8. Mr. Dahiya earns Rs 24000 in 8 months. How much does he earn in one year?
9. The weight of 45 folding chairs is 18 kg. How many chairs can be loaded on a truck having a
capacity of carrying 4000 kg load?
10. The earth rotates 360° about its axis in about 24 hours. By how much degree will it rotate in 5
hours?

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 SOLUTION

1. 8 : 1
2. 280 boys
3. 52 and 91
4. 4 : 5
5. 7 : 40
6. Yes
7. No
8. Rs 36000
9. 10000 chairs
10. 75°