Final Analysis Report

DETAILED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A THREE-STOREYED
RESIDENTIAL R.C.C. BUILDING

A project report
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of
DEGREE
IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
Submitted By:
PRIYA REANG (D/18/CE/004)
DEBARGA DAS (D/18/CE/029)
SANKHYA PRAJNAN ROY (D/19/CE/204)
SUBHAM DEBNATH (D/19/CE/207)
Under the guidance

Of
Dr. Ajanta Kalita
(Assistant Professor)
Department of Civil Engineering

North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology
(Deemed to be University u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh-791109
January 2022
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take great pleasure in expressing our sincere gratitude to Dr. (Mrs) Ajanta Kalita,
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, NERIST for her guidance, support,
and immense help during the project.
We are also grateful to our project coordinator; Dr. Mudo Puming, Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering NERIST for her constant encouragement, valuable suggestion
and inspiration throughout the entire project work.
We also show our heartfelt gratitude towards Prof. Ajay Bharti, HOD, Department of
Civil Engineering NERIST, and all other faculties and staff of the Civil Engineering Department,
NERIST, for their constant support and encouragement.
Lastly, we give our heartiest gratitude to all the people who were directly or indirectly involved
with the project.
PRIYA REANG D/18/CE/004

DEBARGA DAS D/18/CE/029
SANKHYA PRAJNAN ROY D/19/CE/204
SUBHAM DEBNATH D/19/CE/207
Place: NERIST, Nirjuli
Dated:
i
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
We hereby declare that the work presented in the project entitled, “DETAILED ANALYSIS AND
DESIGN OF A THREE STOREYED RESIDENTIAL R.C.C. BUILDING”, submitted to the
Department of Civil Engineering, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology,
Nirjuli, in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Technology in Civil
Engineering is an authentic record of our work carried out under the guidance and supervision of Dr.
Ajanta Kalita, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, NERIST. The matter presented has
not been submitted for awarding any other diploma or degree.
Name Roll No. Signature
PRIYA REANG D/18/CE/004 _________________________
DEBARGA DAS D/18/CE/029 _________________________
SANKHYA PRAJNAN ROY D/19/CE/204 _________________________
SUBHAM DEBNATH D/19/CE/207 _________________________
This is to rectify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of our knowledge.
Dr. Ajay Bharti Dr. Mudo Puming Dr. Ajanta Kalita
(Head of the Department) (Project Coordinator) (Project Supervisor)
Phone : (0360) 2257401 – 11(0) Email : @nerist.ernet.in

Fax : (0360) 2257872 / 22258533 Website : www.nerist.ac.in
Gram : NERIST, Nirjuli
ii
CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINATION
This is to certify that the project entitled “DETAILED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
A THREE STOREYED RESIDENTIAL R.C.C. BUILDING” is hereby accorded our
approval as a study carried out and presented in a manner required for the acceptance in partial
fulfillment for the award of BACHELOR DEGREE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING for approval
does not necessarily endorse or accept every statement made, opinion expressed or conclusions
drawn as recorded in this report. It only signifies the acceptance of the project report for a
purpose for which it is submitted.
(Project Guide) (External Examiner)
Nirjuli, 2022
iii
ABSTRACT
The project covers the plan, design and analysis of the four storeys R.C.C. building. The
building is plotted in AUTOCAD software accommodating all necessary requirements for
residential purposes, keeping the building bye laws in view. And the analysis and design of
building is carried out manually.
The method of approach is based on Limit State of Design. The design of the beams,
columns, staircase and slabs of each floor of the building is done using substitute frame method
for quick analysis and satisfactory result, where all the loads are transferred to beams and to the
columns and the moments are determined. The reinforcement design and all the calculations
involved are carried out as per specified code. The design is purely based on various provision of
Indian Standards as Code of practice for plain & reinforced concrete IS 456-2000; Code of
practice for Design loads IS 875(Part 1 & 2)-1987- Design Aide for reinforcement concrete (SP
16) IS 456-1978.
The approached analysis and design may be found useful for some R.C.C practice work.
iv
LIST OF SYMBOLS
Asc = Total cross sectional area of compression steel of a structural member.
Ast = Total cross sectional area of tensile steel of a structural member.
bf = Effective width of flange.
bw = Breadth of web or rib.
D = Overall depth of beam or slab.
d = Effective depth of beam or slab.
d’ = Depth of compression reinforcement from the top of the beam.
fck = Characteristics compression strength of concrete
fy = Characteristics strength of steel
I = moment of inertia
K = stiffness factor
Lj = Development length
L.L = Live load
D.L. =Dead load
L = Effective span of beam
lx = Length of shorter span
ly = length of longer span
B.M = Bending Moment
S.F = Shear force
Mu, lim = Limiting moment
Pu = Factored column axial load.
Pt = Percentage of tensile steel in doubly or singly reinforced section
Pe = percentage of compression steel
Vu = Factored shear force
W =Factored load
W = Distributed load per unit area
τc = Shear stress in concrete
τc,max = Maximum shear stress in concrete with shear reinforcement
σcc = Shear stress in concrete in direct compression
σ = Maximum shear in concrete with shear reinforcement
τ = Nominal Shear Stress
v
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No. Figure Page
4.1. Foundation Plan Layout 11
4.2 Ground Floor Plan 12
4.3 1st and 2nd Floor Plan 13
4.4 Section Y-Y 14
4.5 Front Elevation 15
5.1 Plan of Load Distribution of Slab on A-A, B-B Beam 16
5.2 Interior frame of B-B Section 16
5.3 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B Beam in roof level 21
5.4 Exterior frame of A-A Section 25
5.5 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A Beam in roof level 30
5.6 Plan of Load Distribution of Slab on a-a, b-b Beam 33
5.7 Interior frame of b-b Section 34
5.8 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam 39
5.9 Exterior frame of a-a Section 43
5.10 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in roof level 48
5.11 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in 2nd Floor 55
5.12 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in 2nd Floor 64
5.13 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in 2nd Floor 72
5.14 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in 2nd Floor 80
5.15 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in 1st Floor 88
5.16 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in 1st Floor 97
5.17 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in 1st Floor 105
5.18 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in 1st Floor 113
5.19 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in Ground Floor 124
5.20 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in Ground Floor 133
5.21 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in Ground Floor 141
5.22 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in Ground Floor 149
vi
TABLE OF CONTENT
Sl. NO. TITLE PAGE
1 Acknowledgement i
2 Certificate of Approval ii
3 Certificate of Examination iii
4 Abstract iv
5 List of Symbols v
6 List of Figures vi
5 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 General 1
1.2 Main objective 2
1.3 Scope of the project 2
1.4 Basic principle 2
6 CHAPTER 2: BUILDING COMPONENTS

2.1 Foundation 3
2.2 Floor 3
2.3 Walls 3
2.4 Columns 3
2.5 Beams 4
2.6 Slab 4
2.7 Roof structure 4
2.8 Staircase 4
7 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW 5
8 CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY
4.1 General 7
4.2 Building data for analysis 8
4.3 Other specification 9
4.5 Foundation Layout, Plan, Section and Elevation 11
9 CHAPTER 5: FRAME ANALYSIS
5.1 Roof Level 16
5.2 Second Floor 51
5.3 First Floor 84
5.4 Ground Floor 117
9 CHAPTER 6: DESIGN OF RCC MEMBERS
6.1 Design of Beam 153
6.2 Design of Slab 164
6.3 Design of column 168
6.4 Design of Stair Case 174
10 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS 178
11 CHAPTER 8: REFERENCES 179

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
This is a project on “DETAILED DESIGN OF A THREE STOREYED
RESIDENTIAL R.C.C. BUILDING” accommodating requirements for residential
purposes. With increasing urbanization; there is an increase in housing requirements with
increased population and urbanization. Therefore the creation of high-rise buildings paves
the solution for the demand.
Our project involves the analysis and design of multi-storied (G+2) residential buildings
using a very popular design software AutoCAD. We have chosen AutoCAD because of its
following advantages:
1. Easy layout and viewing
2. Draw accurately
3. Make changes easily and reduce the risk of error
4. Calculate material quantities for production
5. Store and transfer data safely
6. Save time and money
AutoCAD is the software of AUTODESK company. It is a very important drafting
tool, in which we can draw orthographic views, isometric drawings, and 3d drawings.
This project aims to design a Multistorey Building (G+2) for residential purposes.
Multistorey buildings are very commonly seen in cities. Construction of such tall
buildings is possible only by going to a set of rigidly interconnected beams and columns.
These rigidly interconnected beams and columns of the multi bay and multi-storied are
called Buildings frames.
To avoid long distances of travel, cities are growing vertically rather than horizontally.
In other words, multistorey buildings are preferred in cities.
The project report possesses architectural drawings, structural drawings, analysis

results, load calculations, sample calculations of various structural elements and their
detailing as well and accommodating all requirements for residential purposes.
1
1.2 MAIN OBJECTIVE
The objectives of the project are:
 To carry out a complete analysis and design of the main structural elements of a
multistorey building including slabs, columns, shear walls, and foundations.
 Getting familiar with structural software (AutoCAD).
1.3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

 Determination of the structural system of the building to undertake the vertical
and horizontal loads.
 Identification of the type of building and the space required for construction.
 Calculation of base and vertical distribution of equivalent earthquake load on the
building.
 Analysis of the effect of various possible combinations of separate loads on the
structural components.
 Designing RC frame members, walls, mat foundation, staircases, and other
building components by LSM of design.
 Detailing of individual members and preparation of plan drawings using
AutoCAD software.
1.4 BASIC PRINCIPLE

THE DESIGN “THREE STOREYED R.C.C. BUILDING” will depend on the
layout. The layout depends on the functions to be performed by the structures consists of:
 Working out the forces and loads, which the structure has to carry.
 Arrangement of various beams, columns, etc. to support the structure.
 Computation of stresses, shears, moments, etc. in the member of the structures.
 Providing adequate sections to resist the stress in the member.
2
CHAPTER 2 BUILDING COMPONENTS
There are some basic elements of a building that makes a house complete. The basic
components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beam, column, staircase,
slab, and roof.
2.1 Foundation: The footing or the foundation is a very important part of a structure that is
located below the ground level. A load of a building depends on the foundation of the
building. So the foundation should be built considering all the design criteria.
Type of foundation:
1. Shallow foundation
2. Deep foundation
Shallow foundation: Shallow foundations have a depth that is less than or equal to the
width of the footing.
Deep foundation: The term “deep foundation” refers to a foundation that is deeper than
the breadth of the footing.
2.2 Floor: The lowest surface of a room is the floor. Buildings are divided into distinct
stories by floors. Wood, stone, metal, and other materials can be used for flooring. The
bottom floor is the floor below the plinth level, and the upper levels are the floors above
it.
2.3 Walls: A wall is a building block of bricks or stones. They divide the area in the building
into numerous support slabs, beams, and rooms. They transfer the loads from beams and
slabs to the foundation in a safe manner. They provide seclusion as well as protection
from the elements such as heat, cold, rain, noise, and dust gusts.
2.4 Columns: A column is a compression member supporting beams and slabs in a structural
system. The term column applies especially to large vertical support with a capital and a
base or pedestal, which is made of stone.
3
2.5 Beam: A beam is a horizontal element that bears transverse loads. Walls and slabs of
roof and floor systems are examples of external loads that structural concrete beam
elements are designed to support. The cross-sectional dimensions are usually assumed
based on serviceability considerations. The width is set depending on the thickness of the
walls and the strength of the housing reinforcement on the thickness of the walls and the
strength of the housing reinforcements and the depth is chosen to keep deflection within
safe limits.
2.6 Slab: Slab is a critical component used to build flat and functional surfaces such as
floors, roofs, and ceilings. It is a horizontal structural component with parallel or nearly
parallel top and bottom surfaces. Beams, columns, walls, or the ground are commonly
used to support slabs.
2.7 Roof structure: It is found on a room's upper-level surface. Roofs can be classified as
blue roofs, cold roofs, collar roofs, fabric roofs, domestic roofs, domestic roofing, fiber
cement, flat roofs, green roofs, pitched roofs, mono-pitched roofs, warm roofs, shell
roofs, metal roofs, roof tiles, and so on, depending on the weather. In most cases, flat
roofs, domestic roofs, and fiber cement roofs are employed in the construction of
buildings.
2.8 Staircase: Stairs are a set of steps that are organized in a succession to provide access to
different floors of a building. Because a stair is frequently the only means of
communication between different floors of a building, its position must be carefully
considered. A staircase near the main entrance may be placed in a residential house. In a
public building, the stair must lead directly from the main door and be strategically
situated to provide easy access to the main units. All staircases should have enough
lighting and ventilation.
4
CHAPTER 3 LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1 Azidah Ziden, Fatariah Zakaria & Ahmad Nizam Othman (Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia) 2012:
This study shows how AutoCAD can be an effective tool in increasing the performance of
students of various levels. It helps in proper visualization of the project to be undertaken
and thus helps students in learning Engineering Design better. The study also shows how
AutoCAD increases the efficiency of the student/designer.
3.2 R.D. Deshpande et al., (2017):

has said that the structural analysis may be a branch that involves the resolution of
working on a construction, to forecast the reply of real construction such as buildings,
bridges, trusses, etc. This project attempts to view the construction working of varied
elements in the multi-storied building. Analysis, scheming and evaluation of multi-storied
building has been obsessed for Basement+G+2 Building. According to material
properties, the dead load is calculated, live loads are taken from code IS875-part 2, and
piles are schemed based on the protected bearing capacity of the soil. For the design of
columns and beams limit state method is used.
3.3 K. Rama Raju et al., (2013):
has explained that the building becomes taller, the quantity of structural material needed
to withstand the oblique loads rises extremely. Tall buildings design involves conceptual
design, prelim, nary design, and lateral loads. Criteria for design are strength and
serviceability. Of section of the structure is examined against permissible limits, roof
displacements, etc.
3.4 Pallapolu M. (2017):
This paper explained the project in which includes the planning, examination & outline of
an office building of G+4 story was presented under different loading conditions. The
main objective of this is to create using AutoCAD and ETABS application, a practical
model while taking into consideration the loading from wind and seismic forces. In this IS
code was followed and with the help of LSM calculation of load was done. Afterload
calculation, it was examined that the design was right and the actual building can resist the
forces acting on it.
3.5 Nishant CH. (2020):
has explained a study in which the designing and analysis of commercial buildings with
different slab arrangements was done with the help of ETABS. It was done by calculating
the base shear, storey displacement, storey drift & lateral forces acting on the structure.
Through calculations, it was found that storey displacement is maximum for conventional
slab and minimum for load-bearing wall type & increases with increase in storey height.
Also, storey drift is maximum for conventional slab and minimum for Load bearing wall
type. It was also noticed that load-bearing wall is safer against wind and earthquake loads
5
and the grid slab is economical and safer when compared with other building slab
arrangements.
3.6 Madhurivassavai et al., (2016):
According to him, the most prevalent issue that countries face is population growth.
Because land is scarce, multi-storey building buildings can be built to service a large
number of people in a small space. AutoCAD and STAAD.Pro are used to model
efficiently. Calculations for buildings with more than four floors are difficult and time-
consuming in the manual International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special
Issue 2798.
3.7 Deevi Krishna Chaitanya (2017):
Has said that in order to compete in the ever-growing competent market it is very
important for a structural engineer to save lots of time. In order to accomplish this,
software is used to model and survey a structure. To determine if the structure is safe from
loading, all possible loads are assessed. Kani’s methodology, Cantilever methodology,
Portal methodology and Matrix methodology are example of diverse ways for analyzing
various frames. Both the dead load and live loads are applied. The beams, columns, and
footings are then designed.
3.8 M. Mallikarjun, Dr P V Surya Prakash (2016):
Carried out a study on the analysis and design of a multi-storied residential building of
G+10 using the most cost-effective column method, and the dead and live loads were
applied to various structural components such as slabs, and beams. It was discovered that
because the study was carried out using the most cost-effective column method, this was
achieved by reducing the size of columns at the top floors because the load was greater at
the bottom floor. The cost savings were achieved by orienting the columns in a greater
span in a longer direction, which reduced the amount of bending and reduced the steel
area.
3.9 J. Sankar et al.:
Earthquake forces have a cumulative effect on the building frame, causing strains in
various sections of the nodal joints. The system layout makes use of such abilities. The
plan includes numbers for bending moments, shear forces, and storey drifts in a variety of
protected scenarios.
3.210 Singh Shailendra et al.:
The introduction of continuous stretches in place of a single span results in a full-size
reduction in dead load, stay load, and moments of format. The availability of two spans
rather than one span results in an 80 to 90% reduction in moments. The availability of
three spans as opposed to one span resulted in a 92% reduction in moments.
6
CHAPTER 4 METHODOLOGY
4.1 GENERAL
Study of IS 875 1987
IS 875 deals with the various load cases that act upon a structure and ways to calculate them.
Various parts of the code deal with the various load types such as dead load, live load, wind
load, snow load, and various special loads and load combinations. As the building is situated
in-plane area and is not a high-rise building, loads such as wind and snow were not
considered in the design process.
The Code gives the unit weights of various materials as well as the values of imposed loads
that act in various types of structures and parts of these structures.
Preparation of Building Layout using AutoCAD
AutoCAD is powerful software licensed by Autodesk. The word auto came from Autodesk
Company and cad stands for computer-aided design. AutoCAD is used for drawing different
layouts, details, plans, elevations, sections and different sections can be shown in auto cad. It
is very useful software for civil, mechanical, and also electrical engineers. The importance of
this software makes every engineer compulsion to learn this software. We used AutoCAD for
drawing the plan, the elevation of a residential building. We also used AutoCAD to show the
reinforcement details and design details of a staircase.
The layout for the proposed building was prepared, discussed, and approved by our project
guide. The layout was then prepared using AutoCAD.
Analysis and design of (G+2) residential building
Planning is done by using AutoCAD and load calculations were done manually. Overall, the
concepts and procedures of designing the essential components of a multistorey building are
described. For calculating the worst design parameters we have considered two tributary
frames, one in the shorter direction of the building, i.e. primary frame, and another in the
longer direction of the building i.e. secondary frame.
Moment distribution method-

This method of analyzing beams and multi-storey frames using moment distribution was
introduced by Prof. Hardy Cross in 1930, and is also sometimes referred to as Hardy Cross
method. It is an iterative method in which one goes on carrying on the cycle to reach to a
desired degree of accuracy. To start off with this method, initially all the joints are
7
temporarily restrained against rotation and fixed end moments for all the members are written
down. Each joint is then released one by one in succession and the unbalanced moment is
distributed to the ends of the members, meeting at the same joint, in the ratio of their
distribution factors. These distributed moments are then carried over to the far ends of the
joints. Again the joint is temporarily restrained before moving on to the next joint. Same set
of operations are performed at each joints till all the joints are completed and the results
obtained are up to desired accuracy. The method does not involve solving a number of
simultaneous equations, which may get quite complicated while applying large structures, and
is therefore preferred over the slope-deflection method.
Substitute frame method

By considering any floor of the frame called substitute frame, the moments can be calculated
and results can be obtained in good agreement with the results from rigorous analysis. The
moments carried from floor to floor through columns are very small as compared to the beam
moments; therefore, the moments in one floor have negligible effect on the moments on the
floors above and below. Therefore, in this method, the analysis of the multi-storeyed frames is
carried out by taking one floor at a time. Each floor is taken with columns above and below
fixed at far ends, and the moments and shears are calculated in beams and columns. The
method is very effective in analyzing any framed structure under vertical loadings. This work
is focused to check its applicability and efficacy under the lateral loading conditions
4.2 BUILDING DATA FOR ANALYSIS
Building Type: Residential
Number of Storey: 3 (G+2)
Types of slab:
• One way slab
• Two-way slab
Type of staircase: Dog-legged StairCase
Type of foundation: Shallow
Method of analysis: Moment Distribution Method (To be applied)
The concrete grade used: M25
8
Reinforcement: Fe-415
Dead load: Calculated as per IS 875 Part I 1987
Live Load: Calculated as per IS 875 Part I 1987
Preliminary Design: IS 456:2000
Soil type: Medium Stiff
Bearing Capacity of Soil:
Type of construction: R.C.C Framed Structure
The shape of the Building: Rectangular
The number of staircases: 6
Type of Walls: Brick Wall
Floor to floor height: 3.3m
Height of plinth: 600mm
The thickness of Slab: 125 mm
The thickness of External Wall: 230mm
The thickness of Partition Wall: 110mm
Dimensions of Column: 300mm x 300 mm
Dimensions of Beams: 230mm x 320mm
4.3 OTHER SPECIFICATION

Staircase (dog-legged):
Rise = 150mm Tread = 300mm
For Ground Floor
Height of one flight = 1.65m
No. of treads in each flight = 11
No. of riser in each flight = 10
Width of landing = 1.4m
Door:
D1 = 1.5m x 2.1m
9
D2 = 1.2m x 2.1m
D3 = 0.8m x 2.1m
Window:
W1 = 1.5m x 1.2m
W2 = 1m x 1.2m
Ventilator:
V = 0.6 m x 0.15 m
No. of Columns:
No of columns= 16
10
4.4 FOUNDATION LAYOUT, PLAN, SECTION AND ELEVATION:
Detailed Plan and Elevation are drafted in AutoCAD.
Fig. 4.1
11
Fig. 4.2
12
Fig. 4.3
13
Fig. 4.4
14
Fig. 4.5
15
CHAPTER 5 FRAME ANALYSIS
5.1 ROOF LEVEL
5.1.1 Width Wise Interior Frame:
Fig. 5.1 Plan of Load Distribution of Slab on A-A, B-B Beam
Fig. 5.2 Interior frame of B-B Section

16
Calculation of loaded area of slab will be transmitted to the beams.
Calculations of area of load diagram:
Beam B1-3B2-3
A1 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2

A2 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2
Beam B3-3B4-3
A3 = (1/2) × (4.66+(4.66-4.16))×(4.16/2) = 5.3664 m2
A4 = (1/2) × (4.66+(4.66-4.3))×(4.3/2) = 5.3965 m2
Load calculations:
Let the roof finish @ 1.0 KN/m2 act on the roof beams are calculated in the table.
Hence,
W1 = Dead load on slab and roof finish

= W11 + W12
where, W11 = load from left side of the beam W12 = load from right side of the beam
W2 = Self weight of the beam
W3 = live load on slab @1.5 KN/m2
= W31 + W32
where, W31 = load from left side of the beam W32 = load from right side of the beam
Beam B1-3 - B2-3

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 43.3472 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 12.9792 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 56.3264 KN
17
Beam B2-3 – B3-3
WTL = W3 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-3 - B4-3
W11 = 0.125×5.3664×25+1.0 × 5.3664 = 22.1364 KN
W12 = 0.125×5.3965×25+1.0 × 5.3965 = 22.2605 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 52.9713 KN
W31 = 1.5×5.3664 = 8.0496 KN
W32 = 1.5×5.3965 = 8.0947 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 16.1443 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 69.1156 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:
For Beam B1-3 - B2-3:

. × .
M1-3 - M2-3 = = = 19.5264 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 56.3264 ×4.16
M2-3 - M1-3 = − 12 = − 12
= - 19.5264 KN-m
For Beam B2-3 – B3-3:

. × .
M2-3 - M3-3 = = = 0.4968 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 3.312 ×1.8
M3-3 – M2-3 = − 12 = − 12
= - 0.4968 KN-m
. × .
M3-3 – M4-3 = = = 26.8399 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 69.1156 ×4.66
M4-3 – M3-3 = − 12 = − 12
= - 26.8399 KN-m
18
Calculation of Distribution Factors:
For Top Storey, Beam Size = 230×320 mm
Column Size = 300×300 mm
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT B-B
I (x106) Length(L)
Joint Member K=I/L ΣK D.F = K/ΣK
(in mm4) (in mm)
B1-3 - B1-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
B1-3 355519.7334
B1-3 - B2-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
B2-3 - B1-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
B2-3 B2-3 - B2-2 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
B2-3 - B3-3 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
B3-3 - B2-3 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
B3-3 B3-3 - B3-2 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
B3-3 - B4-3 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
B4-3 - B3-3 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
B4-3 339320.7764
B4-3 - B4-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
19
Calculation of moment at supports
Width Wise B-B

Joint B1-2 B1-3 B2-3 B3-3 B4-3 B4-2 B2-3 B3-3
Member B1-2 - B1-3 B1-3 - B1-2 B1-3 - B2-3 B2-3 - B1-3 B2-3 - B3-3 B3-3 -B2-3 B3-3 - B4-3 B4-3 -B3-3 B4-3 -B4-2 B4-2 - B4-3 B2-3 - B2-2 B2-2 - B2-3 B3-3 - B3-2 B3-2 - B3-3
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
20
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
Calculation of Mid Span Moment:
. .
Mid-span moments for B1-3 – B2-3 = 19.5264 - = 4.2244 KN-m
. .
Mid-span moments for B2-3 – B3-3 = 0.4968 - = -9.4159 KN-m
. .
Fig. 5.3 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B Beam in roof level
Shear Force:
B1-3 - B2-3
. . .
Shear Force just right of B1-3 = + = 27.2468 KN
.
. . .
Shear Force just left of B2-3 = + = 29.0795 KN
.
B2-3 – B3-3
. . .
Shear Force just right of B2-3 = + = -1.22 KN
.
. . .
.
21
B3-3 – B4-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
Load transferred to the beam:
Beam B1-3 – B2-3 = 56.3264 KN
Beam B2-3 – B3-3 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-3 – B4-3 = 69.1156 KN
Beam B1-3 – A1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264KN
Self-weight of beam = 0.23× 0.32 × 4.16 × 25 = 7.6544 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
BeamB1-3 – C1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × × 25 = 14.9156 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.3× = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.3 = 6.9338 KN
Total = 34.3839 KN
22
Beam B2-3 – A2-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
Self-weight of the beam = 0.23×0.32× 4.16 ×25 = 7.6544 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B2-3 – C2-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × + × 4.16 × 25 = 39.13 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 68.2733 KN
Beam B3-3 – A3-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
23
Beam B3-3 – C3-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × + × 4.3 × 25 = 26.5391 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 55.6824 KN
Beam B4-3 – A4-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam B4-3 – C4-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × × 25 = 14.4453 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × = 6.9338 KN
Total = 33.9136 KN
24
Axial load on column:
B1-3 - B1-2 = ×(56.3264 + 31.9904 + 34.3839) = 61.3504 KN
B2-3 – B2-2 = ×(56.3264 + 3.312 + 53.0504 + 68.2733) = 90.4811 KN
B3-3 – B3-2 = ×(3.312 + 69.1156 + 53.0504 + 55.6824) = 90.5802 KN
B4-3 – B4-2 = ×(69.1156 + 31.9904 + 33.9136) = 67.5098 KN
5.1.2 Width Wise Exterior Frame:
Fig. 5.4 Exterior frame of A-A Section
Beam A1-3A2-3
25
A1 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2
A2 = 1.8 × 4.16 = 7.488 m2
Beam A2-3A3-3
A3 = 1.8 × 1.8 = 3.24 m2
Beam A3-3A4-3
A4 = (1/2) × (4.66)×(4.16/2) = 4.846 m2
A5 = 1.8 × 4.66 = 8.388 m2
Load calculations:
Beam A1-3 - A2-3

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×7.488×25+1.0 ×7.488 = 30.888 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 56.3888 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4746 KN
W32 = 1.5×7.488 = 11.232 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 17.7066 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 74.0954 KN
Beam A2-3 – A3-3

W11 = 0.125×3.24×25+1.0 ×3.24 = 13.365 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 16.677 KN
W31 = 1.5×3.24 = 4.86 KN
WLL = W31 = 4.86 KN
26
WTL = WDL + WLL = 21.537 KN
Beam A3-3 - A4-3
W11 = 0.125×4.846×25+1.0 × 4.846 = 19.9898 KN
W12 = 0.125×8.388×25+1.0 × 8.388 = 34.6005 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 63.1646 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.846 = 7.269 KN
W32 = 1.5×8.388 = 12.582 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 19.851 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 83.0156 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:
For Beam A1-3 - A2-3:
. × .
M1-3 - M2-3 = = = 25.6864 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 74.0954 ×4.16
M2-3 - M1-3 = −
12
= −
12
= - 25.6864 KN-m
For Beam A2-3 – A3-3:
. × .
M2-3 - M3-3 = = = 3.230 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 21.537 ×1.8
M3-3 – M2-3 = − 12 = − 12
= - 3.230 KN-m
27
. × .
M3-3 – M4-3 = = = 32.2377 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 83.0156 ×4.66
M4-3 – M3-3 = −
12
= −
12
= - 32.2377 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT A-A
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
A1-3 - A1-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
A1-3 355519.7334
A1-3 - A2-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
A2-3 - A1-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
A2-3 A2-3 - A2-2 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
A2-3 - A3-3 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
A3-3 - A2-3 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
A3-3 A3-3 - A3-2 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
A3-3 - A4-3 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
A4-3 - A3-3 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
A4-3 339320.7764
A4-3 - A4-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
28
Width Wise A-A

Joint A1-2 A1-3 A2-3 A3-3 A4-3 A4-2 A2-3 A3-3
Member A1-2 - A1-3 A1-3 - A1-2 A1-3 - A2-3 A2-3 - A1-3 A2-3 - A3-3 A3-3 -A2-3 A3-3 - A4-3 A4-3 -A3-3 A4-3 -A4-2 A4-2 - A4-3 A2-3 - A2-2 A2-2 - A2-3 A3-3 - A3-2 A3-2 - A3-3
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
29
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
Mid-span moments for A1-3 – A2-3 = 25.6864 - = 10.3844 KN-m
. .
Mid-span moments for A2-3 – A3-3 = 3.230 - = -6.6826 KN-m
. .
Fig. 5.5 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A Beam in roof level
Shear Force:
A1-3 - A2-3
. . .
Shear Force just right of A1-3 = + = 36.1313 KN
.
. . .
Shear Force just left of A2-3 = + = 37.9640 KN
.
A2-3 – A3-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
30
A3-3 – A4-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
Beam A1-3 – A2-3 = 74.0954 KN
Beam A2-3 – A3-3 = 21.537 KN
Beam A3-3 – A4-3 = 83.016 KN
Beam A1-3 – A’1-3
Beam A1-3 – B1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam A2-3 – A’2-3
31
Beam A2-3 – B2-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A3-3 – A’3-3
Beam A3-3 – B3-3
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A4-3 – A’4-3
Beam A4-3 – B4-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
32
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
A1-3 - A1-2 = ×(74.0954 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 53.6596 KN
A2-3 – A2-2 = ×(74.0954 + 21.537 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 108.9617 KN
A3-3 – A3-2 = ×(21.537 + 83.016 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 111.777 KN
A4-3 – A4-2 = ×(83.016 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 62.535 KN
5.1.3 Length Wise Interior Frame:
Fig. 5.6 Plan of Load Distribution of Slab on a-a, b-b Beam
33
Fig. 5.7 Interior frame of b-b Section
Beam b1-3 - b2-3
A1 = (1/2) × (4.33+4.33-4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.68 m2

A2 = (1/2) × (4.33+4.33-3.3)×(3.3/2) = 4.422 m2
Beam b2-3 - b3-3

A3 = (1/2) × (4.3+4.3-4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.6176 m2
.
A4 = × 4.3 = 3.87 m2
Beam b3-3 - b4-3

A5 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2
.
A6 = × 4.16 = 3.744 m2
34
Load calculations:
Beam b1-3 - b2-3

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.422×25+1.0 ×4.422 = 18.2408 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 45.513 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.422 = 6.633 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 13.653 KN
Beam b2-3 – b3-3

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.87×25+1.0 ×3.87 = 15.9638 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 42.9234 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W32 = 1.5×3.87 = 5.805 KN
WLL = 12.7314 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 55.6548 KN
Beam b3-3 - b4-3
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.744×25+1.0 × 3.744 = 15.444 KN
35
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 40.9448 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5× 3.744 = 5.616 KN
WLL = W31 + W32 = 12.1056 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 53.0504 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:
For Beam b1-3 - b2-3:

. × .
M1-3 - M2-3 = = = 21.3491 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 59.166 ×4.33
M2-3 - M1-3 = −
12
= −
12
= - 21.3491 KN-m
For Beam b2-3 – b3-3:

. × .
M2-3 - M3-3 = = = 19.943 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 55.6548 ×4.3
M3-3 – M2-3 = − 12 = − 12
= -19.943 KN-m

. × .
M3-3 – M4-3 = = = 18.3908 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 53.0504 ×4.16
M4-3 – M3-3 = −
12
= −
12
= -18.3908 KN-m
36
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT b-b
Length(L)
Joint Member I (x10^6) K=I/L ΣK D.F = K/ΣK
(in mm)
b1-3 - b1-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
b1-3 355519.7334
b1-3 - b2-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
b2-3 - b1-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
b2-3 b2-3 - b2-2 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
b2-3 - b3-3 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-3 - b2-3 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-3 b3-3 - b3-2 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
b3-3 - b4-3 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
b4-3 - b3-3 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
b4-3 349592.3368
b4-3 - b4-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
37
Lengthwise Wise b-b

Joint b1-2 b1-3 b2-3 b3-3 b4-3 b4-2 b2-3 b3-3
Member b1-2 - b1-3 b1-3 - b1-2 b1-3 - b2-3 b2-3 - b1-3 b2-3 - b3-3 b3-3 - b2-3 b3-3 - b4-3 b4-3 - b3-3 b4-3 - b4-2 b4-2 - b4-3 b2-3 -b2-2 b2-2 - b2-3 b3-3 - b3-2 b3-2 - b3-3
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
38
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final
End -6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
Calculation of Mid-Span Moments:
. .
Mid-span moments for b1-3 – b2-3 = 21.3491 - = 6.5491 KN-m
. .
. .
Mid-span moments for b3-3 – b4-3 = 18.3908 - = -2.43 KN-m
Fig. 5.8 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam
Shear Force:
b1-3 - b2-3
. . .
Shear Force just right of b1-3 = + = 29.156 KN
.
. . .
Shear Force just left of b2-3 = + = 30.0062 KN
.
b2-3 – b3-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
39
b3-3 – b4-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
Beam b1-3 – b2-3 = 59.166 KN
Beam b2-3 – b3-3 = 55.6548 KN
Beam b3-3 – b4-3 = 53.0504 KN
Beam b1-3 – a1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b1-3 – c1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
40
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b2-3 – a2-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b2-3 – c2-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b3-3 – a3-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
41
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b3-3 – c3-3
Beam b4-3 – a4-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b4-3 – c4-3
b1-3 - b1-2 = ×(59.166 + 31.9904 + 21.3861) = 56.2713 KN
b2-3 – b2-2 = ×(59.166 + 55.6548 + 56.3264 + 21.3861) = 96.2667 KN
b3-3 – b3-2 = ×(55.6548 + 53.0504 + 56.3264 + 3.312) = 84.1718 KN
b4-3 – b4-2 = ×(53.0504 + 31.9904 + 3.312) = 44.1764 KN
42
Fig. 5.9 Exterior frame of a-a Section
5.1.4 Length Wise Exterior Frame:

Beam a1-3 - a2-3
A1 = (1/2) × (4.33+4.33-4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.68 m2
Beam a2-3 - a3-3

A2 = (1/2) × (4.3+4.3-4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.6176 m2
Beam a3-3 - a4-3

A3 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2
Load calculations:
Beam a1-3 - a2-3

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
43
WDL = W11 + W2 = 27.2722 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
WLL = W31 = 7.02 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 34.2922 KN
Beam a2-3 – a3-3

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
WDL = W11 + W2 = 26.9596 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
WLL = 6.9264 KN
Beam a3-3 - a4-3
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
WDL = W11 + W2 = 25.5008 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
WLL = W31 = 6.4896 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 31.9904 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:
For Beam a1-3 - a2-3:

. × .
M1-3 - M2-3 = = = 12.3738 KN-m
44
𝑊𝐿 34.2922 ×4.33
M2-3 - M1-3 = −
12
= −
12
= - 12.3738 KN-m
For Beam a2-3 – a3-3:

. × .
M2-3 - M3-3 = = = 12.1424 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 33.886 ×4.3
M3-3 – M2-3 = −
12
= −
12
= -12.1424 KN-m

. × .
M3-3 – M4-3 = = = 11.09 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 31.9904 ×4.16
M4-3 – M3-3 = −
12
= −
12
= -11.09 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
45
JOINT a-a
Joint Member I (x10^6) Length(L) K=I/L ΣK D.F = K/ΣK
(in mm)
a1-3 a1-3 - a1-2 675 3300 204545.4545 355519.7334 0.58
a1-3 - a2-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
a2-3 a2-3 - a1-3 628.053 4160 150974.2788 501578.5706 0.30
a2-3 - a2-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.41
a2-3 - a3-3 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-3 a3-3 - a2-3 628.053 4300 146058.8372 495651.174 0.29
a3-3 - a3-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.41
a3-3 - a4-3 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
a4-3 a4-3 - a3-3 628.053 4330 145046.8822 349592.3368 0.41
a4-3 - a4-2 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
46
Lengthwise Wise a-a

Joint a1-2 a1-3 a2-3 a3-3 a4-3 a4-2 a2-3 a3-3
Member a1-2 - a1-3 a1-3 - a1-2 a1-3 - a2-3 a2-3 - a1-3 a2-3 - a3-3 a3-3 - a2-3 a3-3 - a4-3 a4-3 - a3-3 a4-3 - a4-2 a4-2 - a4-3 a2-3 -a2-2 a2-2 - a2-3 a3-3 - a3-2 a3-2 - a3-3
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
47
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final
End -6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
Mid-span moments for a1-3 – a2-3 = 12.3738 - = -2.4262 KN-m
. .
Mid-span moments for a2-3 – a3-3 = 12.1424 - = 6.8082 KN-m
. .
Mid-span moments for a3-3 – a4-3 = 11.09 - = -9.7308 KN-m
Fig. 5.10 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in roof level
Shear Force:
a1-3 - a2-3
. . .
Shear Force just right of a1-3 = + = 16.7229 KN
.
. . .
Shear Force just left of a2-3 = + = 17.5693 KN
.
a2-3 – a3-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
a3-3 – a4-3
48
. . .
.
. . .
.
Beam a1-3 – a2-3 = 34.2922 KN
Beam a2-3 – a3-3 = 33.886 KN
Beam a3-3 – a4-3 = 25.5008 KN
Beam a1-3 – b1-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam a2-3 – b2-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
49
Beam a3-3 – b3-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam a4-3 – b4-3
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
a1-3 - a1-2 = ×(34.2922 + 31.9904) = 33.1413 KN
a2-3 – a2-2 = ×(34.2922 + 33.886 + 56.3264) = 60.7523 KN
a3-3 – a3-2 = ×(33.886 + 25.5008 + 56.3264) = 57.8566 KN
a4-3 – a4-2 = ×(25.5008 + 31.9904) = 28.7456 KN
50
5.2 SECOND FLOOR
Load Calculations:
Beam B1-2 - B2-2

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-2 – B3-2
WTL = W3 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-2 - B4-2
W11 = 0.125×5.3664×25+1.0 × 5.3664 = 22.1364 KN
W12 = 0.125×5.3965×25+1.0 × 5.3965 = 22.2605 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
W31 = 1.5×5.3664 = 8.0496 KN
W32 = 1.5×5.3965 = 8.0947 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 58.1398 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 127.2554 KN
51
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-2 - M2-2 = = = 37.519 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 108.228 ×4.16
M2-2 - M1-2 = −
12
= −
12
= - 37.519 KN-m

. × .
M2-2 - M3-2 = = = 0.4968 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 3.312 ×1.8
M3-2 – M2-2 = − 12 = − 12
= - 0.4968 KN-m
. × .
M3-2 – M4-2 = = = 41.4175 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 127.2554 ×4.66
M4-2 – M3-2 = −
12
= −
12
= - 41.4175 KN-m
For Second Storey, Beam Size = 230×320 mm
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
52
JOINT B-B
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
B1-2 - B1-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
B1-2 355519.7334
B1-2 - B2-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
B2-2 - B1-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
B2-2 B2-2 - B2-1 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
B2-2 - B3-2 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
B3-2 - B2-2 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
B3-2 B3-2 - B3-1 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
B3-2 - B4-2 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
B4-2 - B3-2 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
B4-2 339320.7764
B4-2 - B4-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
53
Width Wise B-B

Joint B1-1 B1-2 B2-2 B3-2 B4-2 B4-1 B2-2 B3-2
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
54
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.11 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in 2nd Floor
Shear Force:
B1-2 - B2-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
B2-3 – B3-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
55
B3-3 – B4-3
. . .
.
. . .
.
Calculation of Column End Moment:

B1-3 – B1-2
Moment at the foot of upper column = - 6.6889 KN.m
Moment at the head of upper column = - 13.396 KN.m
B2-3 – B2-2
Moment at the foot of upper column = 9.8907 KN.m
Moment at the head of upper column = 4.9303 KN.m
B3-3 – B3-2
B4-3 – B4-2
Beam B1-2 – B2-2 = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-2 – B3-2 = 3.312 KN
56
Beam B3-2 – B4-2 = 127.2554 KN
Beam B1-2 – A1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
BeamB1-2 – C1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × × 25 = 14.9156 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.3× = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.3 = 6.9338 KN
Total = 34.3839 KN
Beam B2-2 – A2-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
57
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B2-2 – C2-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × + × 4.16 × 25 = 39.13 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 68.2733 KN
Beam B3-2 – A3-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B3-2 – C3-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × + × 4.3 × 25 = 26.5391 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
58
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 55.6824 KN
Beam B4-2 – A4-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam B4-2 – C4-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × × 25 = 14.4453 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × = 6.9338 KN
Total = 33.9136 KN
B1-2 - B1-1 = ×(108.228 + 31.9904 + 34.3839) = 87.3012 KN
B2-2 – B2-1 = ×(108.228 + 3.312 + 53.0504 + 68.2733) = 116.4319 KN
59
B3-2 – B3-1 = ×(3.312 + 127.2554 + 53.0504 + 55.6824) = 119.6501 KN
B4-2 – B4-1 = ×(127.2554 + 31.9904 + 33.9136) = 96.5797 KN

Load Calculations:
Beam A1-2 - A2-2

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×7.488×25+1.0 ×7.488 = 30.888 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4746 KN
W32 = 1.5×7.488 = 11.232 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-2 – A3-2

W11 = 0.125×3.24×25+1.0 ×3.24 = 13.365 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
W31 = 1.5×3.24 = 4.86 KN
Beam A3-2 - A4-2
W11 = 0.125×4.846×25+1.0 × 4.846 = 19.9898 KN
W12 = 0.125×8.388×25+1.0 × 8.388 = 34.6005 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
60
W31 = 1.5×4.846 = 7.269 KN
W32 = 1.5×8.388 = 12.582 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 57.6307 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 140.6464 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-2 - M2-2 = = = 43.6824 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 126.007 ×4.16
M2-2 - M1-2 = −
12
= −
12
= - 43.6824 KN-m

. × .
M2-2 - M3-2 = = = 3.230 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 21.537 ×1.8
M3-2 – M2-2 = − 12 = − 12
= - 3.230 KN-m

. × .
M3-2 – M4-2 = = = 54.6177 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 140.6464 ×4.66
M4-2 – M3-2 = −
12
= −
12
= - 54.6177 KN-m
61
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT A-A
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
A1-2 - A1-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
A1-2 355519.7334
A1-2 - A2-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
A2-2 - A1-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
A2-2 A2-2 - A2-1 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
A2-2 - A3-2 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
A3-2 - A2-2 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
A3-2 A3-2 - A3-1 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
A3-2 - A4-2 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
A4-2 - A3-2 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
A4-2 339320.7764
A4-2 - A4-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
62
Width Wise A-A

Joint A1-1 A1-2 A2-2 A3-2 A4-2 A4-1 A2-2 A3-2
Member A1-1 - A1-2 A1-2 - A1-1 A1-2 - A2-2 A2-2 - A1-2 A2-2 - A3-2 A3-2 -A2-2 A3-2 - A4-2 A4-2 -A3-2 A4-2 -A4-1 A4-1 - A4-2 A2-2 - A2-1 A2-1 - A2-2 A3-2 - A3-1 A3-1 - A3-2
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
63
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.12 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in 2nd Floor
Shear Force:
A1-2 - A2-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
A2-2 – A3-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
64
A3-2 – A4-2
. . .
.
. . .
.

A1-3 – A1-2
A2-3 – A2-2
A3-3 – A3-2
A4-3 – A4-2
Beam A1-2 – A2-2 = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-2 – A3-2 = 21.537 KN
Beam A3-2 – A4-2 = 140.6464 KN
65
Beam A1-2 – A’1-2
Beam A1-2 – B1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam A2-2 – A’2-2
Beam A2-2 – B2-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A3-2 – A’3-2
66
Beam A3-2 – B3-2
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A4-2 – A’4-2
Beam A4-2 – B4-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
A1-2 - A1-1 = ×(126.007 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 80.6547 KN
A2-2 – A2-1 = ×(126.007 + 21.537 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 101.9532 KN
A3-2 – A3-1 = ×(21.537 + 140.6464 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 109.2729 KN
A4-2 – A4-1 = ×(140.6464 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 87.9744 KN
67
Load calculations:
Beam b1-2 - b2-2

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.422×25+1.0 ×4.422 = 18.2408 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.422 = 6.633 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-2 – b3-2

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.87×25+1.0 ×3.87 = 15.9638 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W32 = 1.5×3.87 = 5.805 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 109.3031 KN
Beam b3-2 - b4-2
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.744×25+1.0 × 3.744 = 15.444 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
68
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5× 3.744 = 5.616 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 104.952 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-2 - M2-2 = = = 40.8422 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 113.1886 ×4.33
M2-2 - M1-2 = −
12
= −
12
= - 40.8422 KN-m

. × .
M2-2 - M3-2 = = = 39.1669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 109.3031 ×4.3
M3-2 – M2-2 = −
12
= −
12
= -39.1669 KN-m

. × .
M3-2 – M4-2 = = = 36.3834 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 104.952 ×4.16
M4-2 – M3-2 = −
12
= −
12
= -36.3834 KN-m
69
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT b-b
Length(L)
(in mm)
b1-2 - b1-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
b1-2 355519.7334
b1-2 - b2-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
b2-2 - b1-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
b2-2 b2-2 - b2-1 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
b2-2 - b3-2 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-2 - b2-2 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-2 b3-2 - b3-1 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
b3-2 - b4-2 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
b4-2 - b3-2 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
b4-2 349592.3368
b4-2 - b4-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
70
Lengthwise Wise b-b

Joint b1-1 b1-2 b2-2 b3-2 b4-2 b4-1 b2-2 b3-2
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
71
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.13 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in 2nd Floor
Shear Force:
b1-2 - b2-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
b2-2 – b3-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
b3-2 – b4-2
. . .
.
72
. . .
.

b1-3 – b1-2
b2-3 – b2-2
b3-3 – b3-2
b4-3 – b4-2
Beam b1-2 – b2-2 = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-2 – b3-2 = 109.3031 KN
Beam b3-2 – b4-2 = 104.952 KN
Beam b1-2 – a1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
73
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b1-2 – c1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b2-2 – a2-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b2-2 – c2-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
74
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b3-2 – a3-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b3-2 – c3-2
Beam b4-2 – a4-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
75
Beam b4-2 – c4-2
b1-2 - b1-1 = ×(113.1886 + 31.9904 + 21.3861) = 83.2826 KN
b2-2 – b2-1 = ×(113.1886 + 109.3031 + 56.3264 + 21.3861) = 150.1021 KN
b3-2 – b3-1 = ×(109.3031 + 104.952 + 56.3264 + 3.312) = 136.9468 KN
b4-2 – b4-1 = ×(104.952 + 31.9904 + 3.312) = 70.1272 KN
Load calculations:
Beam a1-2 - a2-2

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 88.3148 KN
Beam a2-2 – a3-2

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
76
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-2 - a4-2
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-2 - M2-2 = = = 31.8669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 88.3148 ×4.33
M2-2 - M1-2 = − 12 = − 12
= - 31.8669 KN-m

. × .
M2-2 - M3-2 = = = 31.3665 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 87.5343 ×4.3
M3-2 – M2-2 = −
12
= −
12
= -31.3665 KN-m

. × .
M3-2 – M4-2 = = = 29.0826 KN-m
77
𝑊𝐿 83.892 ×4.16
M4-2 – M3-2 = −
12
= −
12
= -29.0826 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT a-a
Length(L)
(in mm)
a1-2 - a1-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
a1-2 355519.7334
a1-2 - a2-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
a2-2 - a1-2 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
a2-2 a2-2 - a2-1 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
a2-2 - a3-2 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-2 - a2-2 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-2 a3-2 - a3-1 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
a3-2 - a4-2 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
a4-2 - a3-2 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
a4-2 349592.3368
a4-2 - a4-1 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
78
Lengthwise Wise a-a

Joint a1-1 a1-2 a2-2 a3-2 a4-2 a4-1 a2-2 a3-2
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
79
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.14 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in 2nd Floor
Shear Force:
a1-2 - a2-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
a2-2 – a3-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
a3-2 – a4-2
80
. . .
.
. . .
.

a1-3 – a1-2
a2-3 – a2-2
a3-3 – a3-2
a4-3 – a4-2
Beam a1-2 – a2-2 = 88.3148 KN
Beam a2-2 – a3-2 = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-2 – a4-2 = 83.392 KN
81
Beam a1-2 – b1-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam a2-2 – b2-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam a3-2 – b3-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
82
Beam a4-2 – b4-2
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
a1-2 - a1-1 = ×(88.3148 + 31.9904) = 60.1526 KN
a2-2 – a2-1 = ×(88.3148 + 87.5343 + 56.3264) = 116.0878 KN
a3-2 – a3-1 = ×(87.5343 + 83.392 + 56.3264) = 98.6264 KN
a4-2 – a4-1 = ×(83.392 + 31.9904) = 57.6912 KN
83
5.3 FIRST FLOOR
Load Calculations:
Beam B1-1 - B2-1

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-1 – B3-1
WTL = W3 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-1 - B4-1
W11 = 0.125×5.3664×25+1.0 × 5.3664 = 22.1364 KN
W12 = 0.125×5.3965×25+1.0 × 5.3965 = 22.2605 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
W31 = 1.5×5.3664 = 8.0496 KN
W32 = 1.5×5.3965 = 8.0947 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 58.1398 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 127.2554 KN
84
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-1 - M2-1 = = = 37.519 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 108.228 ×4.16
M2-1 - M1-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 37.519 KN-m

. × .
M2-1 - M3-1 = = = 0.4968 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 3.312 ×1.8
M3-1 – M2-1 = − 12 = − 12
= - 0.4968 KN-m
. × .
M3-1 – M4-1 = = = 41.4175 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 127.2554 ×4.66
M4-1 – M3-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 41.4175 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
85
JOINT B-B
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
B1-1 - B1-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
B1-1 355519.7334
B1-1 - B2-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
B2-1 - B1-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
B2-1 B2-1 - B2-0 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
B2-1 - B3-1 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
B3-1 - B2-1 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
B3-1 B3-1 - B3-0 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
B3-1 - B4-1 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
B4-1 - B3-1 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
B4-1 339320.7764
B4-1 - B4-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
86
Width Wise B-B

Joint B1-0 B1-1 B2-1 B3-1 B4-1 B4-0 B2-1 B3-1
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
87
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.15 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in 1st Floor
Shear Force:
B1-1 - B2-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
B2-2 – B3-2
. . .
.
. . .
.
88
B3-2 – B4-2
. . .
.
. . .
.

B1-2 – B1-1
B2-2 – B2-1
B3-2 – B3-1
B4-2 – B4-1
Beam B1-1 – B2-1 = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-1 – B3-1 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-1 – B4-1 = 127.2554 KN
89
Beam B1-1 – A1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
BeamB1-1 – C1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × × 25 = 14.9156 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.3× = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.3 = 6.9338 KN
Total = 34.3839 KN
Beam B2-1 – A2-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
90
Beam B2-1 – C2-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × + × 4.16 × 25 = 39.13 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 68.2733 KN
Beam B3-1 – A3-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B3-1 – C3-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × + × 4.3 × 25 = 26.5391 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 55.6824 KN
91
Beam B4-1 – A4-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam B4-1 – C4-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × × 25 = 14.4453 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × = 6.9338 KN
Total = 33.9136 KN
B1-1 - B1-0 = ×(108.228 + 31.9904 + 34.3839) = 87.3012 KN
B2-1 – B2-0 = ×(108.228 + 3.312 + 53.0504 + 68.2733) = 116.4319 KN
B3-1 – B3-0 = ×(3.312 + 127.2554 + 53.0504 + 55.6824) = 119.6501 KN
B4-1 – B4-0 = ×(127.2554 + 31.9904 + 33.9136) = 96.5797 KN
92
Load Calculations:
Beam A1-1 - A2-1

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×7.488×25+1.0 ×7.488 = 30.888 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4746 KN
W32 = 1.5×7.488 = 11.232 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-1 – A3-1

W11 = 0.125×3.24×25+1.0 ×3.24 = 13.365 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
W31 = 1.5×3.24 = 4.86 KN
Beam A3-1 - A4-1
W11 = 0.125×4.846×25+1.0 × 4.846 = 19.9898 KN
W12 = 0.125×8.388×25+1.0 × 8.388 = 34.6005 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.846 = 7.269 KN
W32 = 1.5×8.388 = 12.582 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 57.6307 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 140.6464 KN
93
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-1 - M2-1 = = = 43.6824 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 126.007 ×4.16
M2-1 - M1-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 43.6824 KN-m
. × .
M2-1 - M3-1 = = = 3.230 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 21.537 ×1.8
M3-1 – M2-1 = − 12 = − 12
= - 3.230 KN-m

. × .
M3-1 – M4-1 = = = 54.6177 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 140.6464 ×4.66
M4-1 – M3-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 54.6177 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
94
JOINT A-A
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
A1-1 - A1-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
A1-1 355519.7334
A1-1 - A2-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
A2-1 - A1-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
A2-1 A2-1 - A2-0 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
A2-1 - A3-1 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
A3-1 - A2-1 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
A3-1 - A3-
A3-1 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
0
A3-1 - A4-1 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
A4-1 - A3-1 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
A4-1 339320.7764
A4-1 - A4-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
95
Width Wise A-A

Joint A1-0 A1-1 A2-1 A3-1 A4-1 A4-0 A2-1 A3-1
A3-1 - A3-
Member A1-0 - A1-1 A1-1 - A1-0 A1-1 - A2-1 A2-1 - A1-1 A2-1 - A3-1 A3-1 -A2-1 A3-1 - A4-1 A4-1 -A3-1 A4-1 -A4-0 A4-0 - A4-1 A2-1 - A2-0 A2-0 - A2-1 A3-0 - A3-1
0
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
96
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.16 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in 1st Floor
Shear Force:
A1-1 - A2-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
A2-1 – A3-1
. . .
.
97
. . .
.
A3-1 – A4-1
. . .
.
. . .
.

A1-2 – A1-1
A2-2 – A2-1
A3-2 – A3-1
A4-2 – A4-1
Beam A1-1 – A2-1 = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-1 – A3-1 = 21.537 KN

98
Beam A3-1 – A4-1 = 140.6464 KN
Beam A1-1 – A’1-1
Beam A1-1 – B1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam A2-1 – A’2-1
Beam A2-1 – B2-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
99
Beam A3-1 – A’3-1
Beam A3-1 – B3-1
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A4-1 – A’4-1
Beam A4-1 – B4-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
A1-1 - A1-0 = ×(126.007 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 80.6547 KN

100
A2-1 – A2-0 = ×(126.007 + 21.537 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 101.9532 KN
A3-1 – A3-0 = ×(21.537 + 140.6464 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 109.2729 KN
A4-1 – A4-0 = ×(140.6464 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 87.9744 KN
Load calculations:
Beam b1-1 - b2-1

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.422×25+1.0 ×4.422 = 18.2408 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.422 = 6.633 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-1 – b3-1

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.87×25+1.0 ×3.87 = 15.9638 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W32 = 1.5×3.87 = 5.805 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 109.3031 KN

101
Beam b3-1 - b4-1
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.744×25+1.0 × 3.744 = 15.444 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5× 3.744 = 5.616 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 104.952 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-1 - M2-1 = = = 40.8422 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 113.1886 ×4.33
M2-1 - M1-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 40.8422 KN-m

. × .
M2-1 - M3-1 = = = 39.1669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 109.3031 ×4.3
M3-1 – M2-1 = − 12 = − 12
= -39.1669 KN-m
. × .
M3-1 – M4-1 = = = 36.3834 KN-m
102
𝑊𝐿 104.952 ×4.16
M4-1 – M3-1 = −
12
= −
12
= -36.3834 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT b-b
Length(L)
(in mm)
b1-1 - b1-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
b1-1 355519.7334
b1-1 - b2-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
b2-1 - b1-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
b2-1 b2-1 - b2-0 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
b2-1 - b3-1 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-1 - b2-1 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-1 b3-1 - b3-0 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
b3-1 - b4-1 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
b4-1 - b3-1 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
b4-1 349592.3368
b4-1 - b4-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
103
Lengthwise Wise b-b

Joint b1-0 b1-1 b2-1 b3-1 b4-1 b4-0 b2-1 b3-1
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
104
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.17 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in 1st Floor
Shear Force:
b1-1 - b2-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
b2-1 – b3-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
b3-1 – b4-1
105
. . .
.
. . .
.

b1-2 – b1-1
b2-2 – b2-1
b3-2 – b3-1
b4-2 – b4-1
Beam b1-1 – b2-1 = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-1 – b3-1 = 109.3031 KN
Beam b3-1 – b4-1 = 104.952 KN
106
Beam b1-1 – a1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b1-1 – c1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b2-1 – a2-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
107
Beam b2-1 – c2-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b3-1 – a3-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b3-1 – c3-1
Beam b4-1 – a4-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
108
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b4-1 – c4-1
b1-1 - b1-0 = ×(113.1886 + 31.9904 + 21.3861) = 83.2826 KN
b2-1 – b2-0 = ×(113.1886 + 109.3031 + 56.3264 + 21.3861) = 150.1021 KN
b3-1 – b3-0 = ×(109.3031 + 104.952 + 56.3264 + 3.312) = 136.9468 KN
b4-1 – b4-0 = ×(104.952 + 31.9904 + 3.312) = 70.1272 KN
Load calculations:
Beam a1-1 - a2-1

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 88.3148 KN
109
Beam a2-1 – a3-1
W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-1 - a4-1
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-1 - M2-1 = = = 31.8669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 88.3148 ×4.33
M2-1 - M1-1 = −
12
= −
12
= - 31.8669 KN-m

. × .
M2-1 - M3-1 = = = 31.3665 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 87.5343 ×4.3
M3-1 – M2-1 = −
12
= −
12
= -31.3665 KN-m
110
. × .
M3-1 – M4-1 = = = 29.0826 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 83.892 ×4.16
M4-1 – M3-1 = −
12
= −
12
= -19.0826 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT a-a
Length(L)
(in mm)
a1-1 - a1-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
a1-1 355519.7334
a1-1 - a2-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
a2-1 - a1-1 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
a2-1 a2-1 - a2-0 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
a2-1 - a3-1 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-1 - a2-1 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-1 a3-1 - a3-0 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
a3-1 - a4-1 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
a4-1 - a3-1 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
a4-1 349592.3368
a4-1 - a4-0 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
111
Lengthwise Wise a-a

Joint a1-0 a1-1 a2-1 a3-1 a4-1 a4-0 a2-1 a3-1
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
112
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.18 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in 1st Floor
Shear Force:
a1-1 - a2-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
a2-1 – a3-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
a3-1 – a4-1
113
. . .
.
. . .
.

a1-2 – a1-1
a2-2 – a2-1
a3-2 – a3-1
a4-2 – a4-1
Beam a1-1 – a2-1 = 88.3148 KN
Beam a2-1 – a3-1 = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-1 – a4-1 = 83.392 KN
114
Beam a1-1 – b1-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam a2-1 – b2-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam a3-1 – b3-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
115
Beam a4-1 – b4-1
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
a1-1 - a1-0 = ×(88.3148 + 31.9904) = 60.1526 KN
a2-1 – a2-0 = ×(88.3148 + 87.5343 + 56.3264) = 116.0878 KN
a3-1 – a3-0 = ×(87.5343 + 83.392 + 56.3264) = 98.6264 KN
a4-1 – a4-0 = ×(83.392 + 31.9904) = 57.6912 KN
116
5.4 GROUND FLOOR
Load Calculations:
Beam B1-0 - B2-0

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-0 – B3-0
WTL = W3 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-0 - B4-0
W11 = 0.125×5.3664×25+1.0 × 5.3664 = 22.1364 KN
W12 = 0.125×5.3965×25+1.0 × 5.3965 = 22.2605 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
W31 = 1.5×5.3664 = 8.0496 KN
W32 = 1.5×5.3965 = 8.0947 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 58.1398 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 127.2554 KN
117
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-0 - M2-0 = = = 37.519 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 108.228 ×4.16
M2-0 - M1-0 = −
12
= −
12
= - 37.519 KN-m

. × .
M2-0 - M3-0 = = = 0.4968 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 3.312 ×1.8
M3-0 – M2-0 = −
12
= −
12
= - 0.4968 KN-m
. × .
M3-0 – M4-0 = = = 41.4175 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 127.2554 ×4.66
M4-0 – M3-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 41.4175 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
118
JOINT B-B
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
B1-0 - B1-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
B1-0 355519.7334
B1-0 - B2-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
B2-0 - B1-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
B2-0 B2-0 - B2-G 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
B2-0 - B3-0 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
B3-0 - B2-0 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
B3-0 B3-0 - B3-G 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
B3-0 - B4-0 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
B4-0 - B3-0 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
B4-0 339320.7764
B4-0 - B4-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
119
Width Wise B-B

Joint B1-G B1-0 B2-0 B3-0 B4-0 B4-G B2-0 B3-0
Member B1-G - B1-0 B1-0 - B1-G B1-0 - B2-0 B2-0 - B1-0 B2-0 - B3-0 B3-0 -B2-0 B3-0 - B4-0 B4-0 -B3-0 B4-0 -B4-G B4-G - B4-0 B2-0 - B2-G B2-G - B2-0 B3-0 - B3-G B3-G - B3-0
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
123
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.19 Bending Moment Diagram of B-B beam in Ground Floor
Shear Force:
B1-0 - B2-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
B2-1 – B3-1
. . .
.
. . .
.
B3-1 – B4-1
124
. . .
.
. . .
.

B1-1 – B1-0
B2-1 – B2-0
B3-1 – B3-0
B4-1 – B4-0
Beam B1-0 – B2-0 = 108.228 KN
Beam B2-0 – B3-0 = 3.312 KN
Beam B3-0 – B4-0 = 127.2554 KN
Beam B1-0 – A1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
125
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
BeamB1-0 – C1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × × 25 = 14.9156 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.3× = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.3 = 6.9338 KN
Total = 34.3839 KN
Beam B2-0 – A2-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B2-0 – C2-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × (4.3 + 4.3 − 4.16) × + × 4.16 × 25 = 39.13
KN
126
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 68.2733 KN
Beam B3-0 – A3-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam B3-0 – C3-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × + × 4.3 × 25 = 26.5391 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 8.4925 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × +1× × 4.3 = 12.7388 KN
Total = 55.6824 KN
Beam B4-0 – A4-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
127
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam B4-0 – C4-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.3 × × 25 = 14.4453 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.3 × = 4.6225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.3 × = 6.9338 KN
Total = 33.9136 KN
B1-0 - B1-G = ×(108.228 + 31.9904 + 34.3839) = 87.3012 KN
B2-0 – B2-G = ×(108.228 + 3.312 + 53.0504 + 68.2733) = 116.4319 KN
B3-0 – B3-G = ×(3.312 + 127.2554 + 53.0504 + 55.6824) = 119.6501 KN
B4-0 – B4-G = ×(127.2554 + 31.9904 + 33.9136) = 96.5797 KN
Load Calculations:
Beam A1-0 - A2-0

W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×7.488×25+1.0 ×7.488 = 30.888 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
128
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4746 KN
W32 = 1.5×7.488 = 11.232 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-0 – A3-0

W11 = 0.125×3.24×25+1.0 ×3.24 = 13.365 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×1.8×25 = 3.312 KN
W31 = 1.5×3.24 = 4.86 KN
Beam A3-0 - A4-0
W11 = 0.125×4.846×25+1.0 × 4.846 = 19.9898 KN
W12 = 0.125×8.388×25+1.0 × 8.388 = 34.6005 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.66×25 = 8.5744 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.846 = 7.269 KN
W32 = 1.5×8.388 = 12.582 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.66 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 57.6307 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 140.6464 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-0 - M2-0 = = = 43.6824 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 126.007 ×4.16
M2-0 - M1-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 43.6824 KN-m

. × .
M2-0 - M3-0 = = = 3.230 KN-m
129
𝑊𝐿 21.537 ×1.8
M3-0 – M2-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 3.230 KN-m

. × .
M3-0 – M4-0 = = = 54.6177 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 140.6464 ×4.66
M4-0 – M3-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 54.6177 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
JOINT A-A
I (x106) Length(L)
(in mm4) (in mm)
A1-0 - A1-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
A1-0 355519.7334
A1-0 - A2-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
A2-0 - A1-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.21
A2-0 A2-0 - A2-G 675 3300 204545.4545 704438.0667 0.29
A2-0 - A3-0 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.50
A3-0 - A2-0 628.053 1800 348918.3333 0.51
A3-0 - A3-
A3-0 675 3300 204545.4545 688239.1098 0.30
G
A3-0 - A4-0 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.20
A4-0 - A3-0 628.053 4660 134775.3219 0.40
A4-0 339320.7764
A4-0 - A4-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.60
130
Width Wise A-A

Joint A1-G A1-0 A2-0 A3-0 A4-0 A4-G A2-0 A3-0
Member A1-G - A1-0 A1-0 - A1-G A1-0 - A2-0 A2-0 - A1-0 A2-0 - A3-0 A3-0 -A2-0 A3-0 - A4-0 A4-0 -A3-0 A4-0 -A4-G A4-G - A4-0 A2-0 - A2-G A2-G - A2-0 A3-0 - A3-G A3-G - A3-0
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.21 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.29 0.30
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 3.9962 9.5148 -13.1716 -5.2686 10.7360 16.1039 5.5186 -7.9029
CO -5.6627 1.9981 -4.1005 -6.5858 4.7574 5.3680 -2.6343 8.05197 2.7593 -3.9515
131
Balance -1.1589 -0.8392 2.2441 5.3432 -5.0627 -2.0251 1.0537 1.5806 3.0990 -3.0376
CO -0.5795 1.1221 -0.4196 -2.5313 2.6716 0.5269 -1.0125 0.7903 1.5495 -1.5188
Balance -0.6508 -0.4713 0.6197 1.4755 -1.59922 -0.6397 0.4050 0.6075 0.8558 -0.9595
CO -0.3254 0.3098 -0.2356 -0.7996 0.7377 0.2025 -0.3198 0.3038 0.4279 -0.4798
Balance -0.1797 -0.1301 0.2174 0.5176 -0.4701 -0.1880 0.1279 0.1919 0.3002 -0.2821
CO -0.0899 0.1087 -0.0651 -0.2351 0.2588 0.0640 -0.0940 0.0960 0.1501 -0.1410
Balance -0.0630 -0.0457 0.0630 0.1501 -0.1614 -0.0646 0.0376 0.0564 0.0870 -0.0968
CO -0.0315 0.0315 -0.0228 -0.0807 0.0750 0.0188 -0.0323 0.0282 0.0435 -0.0484
Balance -0.0183 -0.0132 0.0217 0.0518 -0.0469 -0.0188 0.0129 0.0194 0.0300 -0.0282
Final
End -6.6889 -13.396 13.3960 -17.2079 7.3172 -12.5081 24.8153 -18.5597 18.5597 9.2702 9.8907 4.9303 -12.3071 -6.1395
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.20 Bending Moment Diagram of A-A beam in Ground Floor
Shear Force:
A1-0 - A2-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
A2-0 – A3-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
132
A3-0 – A4-0
. . .
.
. . .
.

A1-1 – A1-0
A2-1 – A2-0
A3-1 – A3-0
A4-1 – A4-0
Beam A1-0 – A2-0 = 126.007 KN
Beam A2-0 – A3-0 = 21.537 KN
Beam A3-0 – A4-0 = 140.6464 KN
Beam A1-0 – A’1-0

133
Beam A1-0 – B1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam A2-0 – A’2-0
Beam A2-0 – B2-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A3-0 – A’3-0
Beam A3-0 – B3-0
. .
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × + 4.16 × × 25 = 25.22 KN
. .
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 8.0704 KN
134
. .
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × +1× × 4.16 = 12.1056 KN
Total = 53.0504 KN
Beam A4-0 – A’4-0
Beam A4-0 – B4-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
A1-0 - A1-G = ×(126.007 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 80.6547 KN
A2-0 – A2-G = ×(126.007 + 21.537 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 101.9532 KN
A3-0 – A3-G = ×(21.537 + 140.6464 + 3.312 + 53.0504) = 109.2729 KN
A4-0 – A4-G = ×(140.6464 + 3.312 + 31.9904) = 87.9744 KN
Load calculations:
Beam b1-0 - b2-0

135
W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W12 = 0.125×4.422×25+1.0 ×4.422 = 18.2408 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W32 = 1.5×4.422 = 6.633 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-0 – b3-0

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.87×25+1.0 ×3.87 = 15.9638 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W32 = 1.5×3.87 = 5.805 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 109.3031 KN
Beam b3-0 - b4-0
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W12 = 0.125×3.744×25+1.0 × 3.744 = 15.444 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W32 = 1.5× 3.744 = 5.616 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 104.952 KN
FIXED END MOMENTS:

136
. × .
M1-0 - M2-0 = = = 40.8422 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 113.1886 ×4.33
M2-0 - M1-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 40.8422 KN-m

. × .
M2-0 - M3-0 = = = 39.1669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 109.3031 ×4.3
M3-0 – M2-0 = − 12 = − 12
= -39.1669 KN-m

. × .
M3-0 – M4-0 = = = 36.3834 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 104.952 ×4.16
M4-0 – M3-0 = − 12 = − 12
= -36.3834 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
137
JOINT b-b
Length(L)
(in mm)
b1-0 - b1-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
b1-0 355519.7334
b1-0 - b2-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
b2-0 - b1-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
b2-0 b2-0 - b2-G 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
b2-0 - b3-0 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-0 - b2-0 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
b3-0 b3-0 - b3-G 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
b3-0 - b4-0 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
b4-0 - b3-0 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
b4-0 349592.3368
b4-0 - b4-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
138
Lengthwise Wise b-b

Joint b1-G b1-0 b2-0 b3-0 b4-0 b4-G b2-0 b3-0
Member b1-G - b1-0 b1-0 - b1-G b1-0 - b2-0 b2-0 - b1-0 b2-0 - b3-0 b3-0 - b2-0 b3-0 - b4-0 b4-0 - b3-0 b4-0 - b4-G b4-G - b4-0 b2-0 -b2-G b2-G - b2-0 b3-0 - b3-G b3-G - b3-0
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
139
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.21 Bending Moment Diagram of b-b beam in Ground Floor
Shear Force:
b1-0 - b2-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
b2-0 – b3-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
b3-0 – b4-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
140
b1-1 – b1-0
b2-1 – b2-0
b3-1 – b3-0
b4-1 – b4-0
Beam b1-0 – b2-0 = 113.1886 KN
Beam b2-0 – b3-0 = 109.3031 KN
Beam b3-0 – b4-0 = 104.952 KN
Beam b1-0 – a1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
141
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b1-0 – c1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
Beam b2-0 – a2-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b2-0 – c2-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 3.3 × × 25 = 8.5078 KN
.
Roof finish = ×3.3× = 2.7225 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×3.3 = 4.0838 KN
Total = 21.3861 KN
142
Beam b3-0 – a3-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam b3-0 – c3-0
Beam b4-0 – a4-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam b4-0 – c4-0
b1-0 - b1-G = ×(113.1886 + 31.9904 + 21.3861) = 83.2826 KN
b2-0 – b2-G = ×(113.1886 + 109.3031 + 56.3264 + 21.3861) = 150.1021 KN

143
b3-0 – b3-G = ×(109.3031 + 104.952 + 56.3264 + 3.312) = 136.9468 KN
b4-0 – b4-G = ×(104.952 + 31.9904 + 3.312) = 70.1272 KN
Load calculations:
Beam a1-0 - a2-0

W11 = 0.125×4.68×25+1.0 ×4.68 = 19.305 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.33×25 = 7.9672 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.68 = 7.02 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.33 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 54.0226 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 88.3148 KN
Beam a2-0 – a3-0

W11 = 0.125×4.6176×25+1.0 ×4.6176 = 19.0476 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.3×25 = 7.912 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.6176 = 6.9264 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.3 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 53.6483 KN
WTL = WDL + WLL = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-0 - a4-0
W11 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 × 4.3264 = 17.8464 KN
W2 = 0.23×0.32×4.16×25 = 7.6544 KN
W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN
W4 = 0.23 × 4.16 × (3.30 - 0.32 – 0.125) × 19 = 51.9016 KN
144
FIXED END MOMENTS:

. × .
M1-0 - M2-0 = = = 31.8669 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 88.3148 ×4.33
M2-0 - M1-0 = − 12 = − 12
= - 31.8669 KN-m

. × .
M2-0 - M3-0 = = = 31.3665 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 87.5343 ×4.3
M3-0 – M2-0 = − 12 = − 12
= -31.3665 KN-m

. × .
M3-0 – M4-0 = = = 29.0826 KN-m
𝑊𝐿 83.892 ×4.16
M4-0 – M3-0 = − 12 = − 12
= -19.0826 KN-m
×
ICOLUMN = = 675×106 mm4
×
IBEAM = = 628.053×106 mm4
145
JOINT a-a
Length(L)
(in mm)
a1-0 - a1-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.58
a1-0 355519.7334
a1-0 - a2-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.42
a2-0 - a1-0 628.053 4160 150974.2788 0.30
a2-0 a2-0 - a2-G 675 3300 204545.4545 501578.5706 0.41
a2-0 - a3-0 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-0 - a2-0 628.053 4300 146058.8372 0.29
a3-0 a3-0 - a3-G 675 3300 204545.4545 495651.174 0.41
a3-0 - a4-0 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.29
a4-0 - a3-0 628.053 4330 145046.8822 0.41
a4-0 349592.3368
a4-0 - a4-G 675 3300 204545.4545 0.59
146
Lengthwise Wise a-a

Joint a1-G a1-0 a2-0 a3-0 a4-0 a4-G a2-0 a3-0
Member a1-G - a1-0 a1-0 - a1-G a1-0 - a2-0 a2-0 - a1-0 a2-0 - a3-0 a3-0 - a2-0 a3-0 - a4-0 a4-0 - a3-0 a4-0 - a4-G a4-G - a4-0 a2-0 -a2-G a2-G - a2-0 a3-0 - a3-G a3-G - a3-0
D.F 0.58 0.42 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.42
F.E.M 0 0 19.5264 -19.5264 0.4968 -0.4968 26.8399 -26.8399 0 0 0 0 0 0
Balance -11.3253 -8.2011 5.7089 5.518584 -7.6395 -7.6395 11.0044 15.8355 7.8021 -11.0641
CO -5.6627 2.8544 -4.1005 -3.8197 2.7593 5.5022 -3.8197 7.917771 3.9011 -5.5321
147
Balance -1.65558 -1.1989 2.3761 2.2969 -2.3958 -2.3958 1.5661 2.2537 3.2473 -3.4698
CO -0.8278 1.1880 -0.5994 -1.1979 1.1484 0.7830 -1.1979 1.1268 1.6237 -1.7349
Balance -0.6891 -0.4990 0.5392 0.5212 -0.56013 -0.5601 0.4911 0.7068 0.7369 -0.8112
CO -0.3445 0.2696 -0.2495 -0.2801 0.2606 0.2456 -0.2801 0.3534 0.3685 -0.4056
Balance -0.1564 -0.1132 0.1589 0.1536 -0.1468 -0.1468 0.1148 0.1652 0.2171 -0.2126
CO -0.0782 0.0794 -0.0566 -0.0734 0.0768 0.0574 -0.0734 0.0826 0.1086 -0.1063
Balance -0.0461 -0.0334 0.0390 0.0377 -0.0389 -0.0389 0.0301 0.0433 0.0533 -0.0564
CO -0.0230 0.0195 -0.0167 -0.0195 0.0189 0.0150 -0.0195 0.0217 0.0267 -0.0282
Balance -0.0113 -0.0082 0.0108 0.0105 -0.0098 -0.0098 0.0080 0.0115 0.0148 -0.0142
Final End
-6.9362 -13.8837 13.8837 -15.7163 3.6447 -7.0238 22.6522 -19.0160 19.0160 9.5023 12.0716 6.0284 -15.6283 -7.8071
Moments
. .
. .
. .
Fig. 5.22 Bending Moment Diagram of a-a beam in Ground Floor
Shear Force:
a1-0 - a2-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
a2-0 – a3-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
a3-0 – a4-0
. . .
.
. . .
.
148
a1-1 – a1-0
a2-1 – a2-0
a3-1 – a3-0
a4-1 – a4-0
Beam a1-0 – a2-0 = 88.3148 KN
Beam a2-0 – a3-0 = 87.5343 KN
Beam a3-0 – a4-0 = 83.392 KN
Beam a1-0 – b1-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 = 6.4896 KN
149
Total = 31.9904 KN
Beam a2-0 – b2-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam a3-0 – b3-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 2 × 25 = 27.04 KN
.
Roof finish = ×4.16× ×2 = 8.6528 KN
.
Live load = 1.5× × ×4.16 ×2= 12.9792 KN
Total = 56.3264 KN
Beam a4-0 – b4-0
.
DL from slab = 0.125× × 4.16 × × 25 = 13.52 KN
.
Roof finish = 1× × 4.16 × = 4.3264 KN
.
Live load = 1.5 × 4.16 × = 6.4896 KN
Total = 31.9904 KN
150
a1-0 - a1-G = ×(88.3148 + 31.9904) = 60.1526 KN
a2-0 – a2-G = ×(88.3148 + 87.5343 + 56.3264) = 116.0878 KN
a3-0 – a3-G = ×(87.5343 + 83.392 + 56.3264) = 98.6264 KN
a4-0 – a4-G = ×(83.392 + 31.9904) = 57.6912 KN
151
CHAPTER 6 DESIGN OF RCC MEMBERS
INTRODUCTION
Beam is a R.C. flexural member which is subjected to lateral loads that cause bending
moment and shear force along their length. Concrete is fairly strong in compression but weak
in tension. The tensile weakness of concrete is overcome by the provision of reinforcing steel
in tension zone in concrete to make R.C. member.
SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM:

In singly reinforced beam, reinforcing bars are placed near the bottom of the beam
where they are most effective in resisting tensile stresses and the compression is resisted by
the concrete alone.
DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM:

A doubly reinforced beam section is reinforced in both direction tension and
compression regions. The section may be rectangular, T-section or L-section. The necessity of
using steel in compression arises due to two main reasons:
• When depth of the section is restricted the strength available from singly reinforced
section is inadequate.
• At support of a continuous beam or slab where bending moment changes its sign.
6.1 DESIGN OF ROOF LEVEL BEAM

Size of beam = 230mm × 320mm
Using M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade of steel
Limiting moment of resistance factor, Mu,lim/bd2 =2.76 N/ mm2
tc = 2.8 N/mm2 ( table 20 of IS 456-2000)
Using 12mm dia bar;
Nominal cover provided = 20mm
Effective depth = 300mm
152
6.1.1 WIDTHWISE
Interior frame
Beam B1-3 - B2-3
i) Section B1-3
Mud = 1.5 × 13.396 KN-m
Mud /bd2 = 1.5 × 13.396 ×106 / [230 × (300)2] = 0.97 < 2.76N/mm2
Hence, the section is designed as singly reinforced section
From table 2 of SP-16; Pt = = 0.286 %
Ast = (0.286/100) × 230 × 300 = 197.34 mm2 > 147 mm2 (Minimum Reinforcement)
Ast,provided = 2-12 mm ϕ (226 mm2)
ii) At Mid Span
Mud = 1.5 × 4.2244 KN-m

The section is designed as T- beam
Bf = lo/6 + bw + 6Df
= 3.105/6 + 0.23 + 6×0.125
= 1.4975 m
bf/bw = 1479.5/230 = 6.433, Df/d = 0.125/0.300 = 0.4166 ≈ 0.42
from table 58,
Mu, limit/bwd2 fck = 0.8085
Now,
Mu/bwd2 fck = (1.5 ×4.2244×106) / (230 ×3002 × 20)
= 0.015 < 0.8085
Hence, N.A lies in flange.
∴Mu / bf d2 = (1.5 ×4.2244 ×106 )/ 1479.5 × 3002
= 0.048 N/ mm2
From table 2 of SP-16; Pt = 0.085 %
Ast = (0.085/100) ×1497.5 × 300
= 381.86 mm2 > 189 mm2
153
iii) Section B2-3
Mu =1.5× 17.2079 KN-m

Mu /bd2 = 1.5 ×17.2079×106 / (230 ×3002) = 1.24 N/ mm2 < 2.76 N/mm2
Hence, section is designed as singly reinforced section
From table -2 of SP-16; Pt = 0.372 %
Ast = (0.372/100) ×230× 300 =256.68 mm2 >189 mm2
Ast, min = 2-14 mm ϕ (307 mm2)
Design for shear reinforcement

SF at B1-3 = 27.2468 KN
SF at B2-3 = 29.0795 KN
So, we design for worst SF.
Vu = 29.0795 KN
τv = 1.5× 29.0795 ×103/ (230 × 300) = 0.632 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd =452 × 100 / (230 ×300) = 0.655%
As per table 61 of SP-16; tc = 0.53 N/mm2 < 0.632 N/mm2
Shear reinforcement is required.
Vu,s = (τv - tc) ×bd = 7.038 KN
Using 8 mm ϕ 2-legged stirrups,
Sv = 0.87× fy×Asv×d/Vu,s = 774mm
Provide 2- legged 8 mm ϕ stirrups @ 150 mm c/c
Beam B2-3 - B3-3
i) Section B2-3
Mud =1.5 × 7.3172 KN-m
Mud/bd2 = 1.5 ×7.3172 × 106/ (230 ×3002) = 0.53 < 2.76 N/mm2
154
Ast = (0.152/100) × 230 ×300 = 104.88 mm2
Ast provided = 2-10 mm ϕ (157 mm2)
ii) At mid span
Mud =1.5 × 9.4159 KN-m

Section is designed as T- beam
bf = lo/6 + bw + 6Df
= 0.7 × 1.8 / 6 + 0.23 +6 ×0.125
= 1.19 m
bf/bw = 5.17; Df/d = 0.125/0.3 = 0.39
From Table 58,
Now,
Mu/ bwd2 fck =1.5×9.4159×106/(230 × 3002 × 20)= 0.034 < 0.626
Hence, NA lies in flange
Mud/bf d2 = 1.5× 9.4159×106/ (1190 × 3002) = 0.132 N/mm2
From table -2 of SP-16; Pt = 0.085%
Ast = (0.085/100) ×1190×300 =303.45 mm2
Ast, provided = 4-10 mm ϕ (314 mm2)
iii) At section B3-3
Mud =12.5081 × 1.5 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 0.90 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.264/100) × 230 ×300 = 182.16 mm2

SF at D2-3 = -1.22 KN
SF at D3-3 = 4.54 KN
155
Vu = 4.54 KN
τv = Vu / bd = 1.5× 4.54×1000/ (230 × 300) = 0.0986 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd = 226 × 100/ (230 ×300) = 0.328%
As per table 61 of SP-16; τc =0.40 N/mm2 > 0.0986 N/mm2
No shear reinforcement is required.
Providing 8mm ϕ 2-legged stirrups, @150mm c/c
Beam B3-3 B4-3
i) At B3-3
Mud =1.5 × 24.8513 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 1.8 N/mm< 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.565/100) × 230 ×300 = 389.85 mm2> 189 mm2
ii) At mid span
Mud=1.5 × 5.1524 KN-m

= 0.7 × 4.3 / 6 + 0.23 +6 ×0.125
= 1.48m
bf/bw =1480/230 = 6.43; Df/d = 0.125/0.3 = 0.39
From Table 58;
Mud/ bw d2 fck = 0.936 = 0.018 < 0.680
156
Mud/bf d2 = 1.5× 5.1524×106/ (1480 × 3002) = 0.058 N/mm2
Ast = (0.085/100) ×1480×300 = 377.4 mm2
Mud =1.5 × 18.5597 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 1.5 × 18.5597×106 / (230×3002) = 1.54 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.472/100) × 230 ×300 = 325.68 mm2 > 189 mm2
SF at B3-3 = 35.9002 KN
SF at B4-3 = 33.2153 KN
∴ Vu = 35.9002 KN
τv = Vu /bd = 1.5× 35.9002×1000/ (230 × 300) = 0.780 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd = 339 × 100/ (230 ×300) = 0.491%
As per table 61 of SP-16; tc = 0.47 N/mm2 <0.780 N/mm2
Using 8 mm ϕ 2-legged stirrups @150mm c/c
6.1.2 DESIGN OF 1st, 2nd and Ground Floor Beam
Beam B1-2 - B2-2

i) Section B1-2
Mud = 1.5 × 13.8837 KN-m
Mud /bd2 = 1.5 × 13.8837 ×106 / [230 × (300)2] = 1 < 2.76N/mm2
Hence, the section is designed as singly reinforced section
From table 2 of SP-16; Pt = = 0.295 %
Ast = (0.295/100) × 230 × 300 = 203.55 mm2 > 147 mm2 (Minimum Reinforcement)
157
ii) At Mid Span
Mud = 1.5 × 26.0422 KN-m

The section is designed as T- beam
Bf = lo/6 + bw + 6Df
= 0.7 × 4.16 /6 + 0.23 + 6×0.125
= 1.4653 m
bf/bw = 1465.3/230 = 6.37, Df/d = 0.125/0.300 = 0.4166 ≈ 0.42
from table 58,
Now,
Mu/bwd2 fck = (1.5 ×26.0422×106) / (230 ×3002 × 20)
= 0.094 < 0.8085
Hence, N.A lies in flange.
∴Mu / bf d2 = (1.5 ×26.0422 ×106 )/ 1465.3 × 3002
= 0.296 N/ mm2
From table 2 of SP-16; Pt = 0.085 %
Ast = (0.085/100) ×1497.5 × 300
= 381.86 mm2 > 189 mm2
iii) Section B2-2
Mu =1.5× 15.7163 KN-m

Mu /bd2 = 1.5 ×15.7163×106 / (230 ×3002) = 1.13 N/ mm2 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.336/100) ×230× 300 =231.84 mm2 >189 mm2
Ast, min = 2-14 mm ϕ (307 mm2)

SF at B1-2 = 56.1711 KN
SF at B2-2 = 57.0175 KN
Vu = 57.0175 KN
158
τv = 1.5× 57.0175 ×103/ (230 × 300) = 1.23 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd =452 × 100 / (230 ×300) = 0.655%
As per table 61 of SP-16; tc = 0.53 N/mm2 < 0.632 N/mm2
Vu,s = (τv - tc) ×bd = 48.3 KN
Sv = 0.87× fy×Asv×d/Vu,s = 375mm
Beam B2-2 - B3-2
i) Section B2-2
Mud =1.5 × 3.6447 KN-m
Mud/bd2 = 1.5 × 3.6447 × 106/ (230 ×3002) = 0.261 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.085/100) × 230 ×300 = 58.65 mm2
ii) At mid span
Mud =1.5 × 33.8327 KN-m

= 0.7 × 4.3 / 6 + 0.23 +6 ×0.125
= 1.48 m
bf/bw = 6.43 ; Df/d = 0.125/0.3 = 0.42
From Table 58,
Now,
Mu/ bwd2 fck =1.5×33.8327×106/(230 × 3002 × 20)= 0.122 < 0.830
Mud/bf d2 = 1.5× 33.8327×106/ (1480 × 3002) = 0.38 N/mm2
Ast = (0.108/100) ×1190×300 =385.56 mm2
159
Mud =7.0238 × 1.5 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 0.50 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.143/100) × 230 ×300 = 98.67 mm2

SF at D2-2 = 53.8657 KN
SF at D3-2 = 55.4374 KN
Vu = 55.4374 KN
τv = Vu / bd = 1.5× 55.4374×1000/ (230 × 300) = 1.20 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd = 157 × 100/ (230 ×300) = 0.2275%
As per table 61 of SP-16; τc =0.35 N/mm2 < 1.20 N/mm2
Vu,s = (τv - tc) ×bd = 58.65 KN
Sv = 0.87× fy×Asv×d/Vu,s = 92.83mm
Beam B3-2 B4-2
i) At section B3-2
Mud =1.5 × 22.6522 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 1.64 N/mm< 2.76 N/mm2
160
Ast = (0.51/100) × 230 ×300 = 351.9 mm2> 189 mm2
ii) At mid span
Mud=1.5 × 15.5627 KN-m

= 0.7 × 4.33 / 6 + 0.23 +6 ×0.125
= 1.48 m
bf/bw =1480/230 = 6.43; Df/d = 0.125/0.3 = 0.42
From Table 58;
Mud/ bw d2 fck = 0.056 < 0.680
Mud/bf d2 = 1.5× 15.5627×106/ (1480 × 3002) = 0.175 N/mm2
Ast = (0.085/100) ×1480×300 = 377.4 mm2
Mud =1.5 × 19.016 KN-m

Mud/bd2 = 1.5 × 19.016×106 / (230×3002) = 1.38 < 2.76 N/mm2
Ast = (0.418/100) × 230 ×300 = 288.42 mm2 > 189 mm2
SF at B3-2 = 53.3501 KN
SF at B4-2 = 51.6019 KN
∴ Vu = 53.3501 KN
τv = Vu /bd = 1.5× 53.3501×1000/ (230 × 300) = 1.15 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd = 339 × 100/ (230 ×300) = 0.491%
As per table 61 of SP-16; tc = 0.47 N/mm2 <0.780 N/mm2
161
Beam B4-2 - B4’,-2
At section B4-2
Mu =1.5 × 0.5 × 2.8877 × 1.8 = 3.89 KN-m

Vu =1.5 × 0.5 × 2.165 = 1.623 KN-m
Mulim/bd2 = 0.138 × 20×106 / (230×3002) = .133 < 3.89 N/mm2

Hence, section is designed as under reinforced
Ast = (0.085/100) × 230 ×300 = 58.65 mm2 < 189 mm2
Vu = 1.623 KN
τv = Vu /bd = 1.5× 1.623×1000/ (230 × 300) = 0.035 N/mm2 < 2.8 N/mm2
Hence, Ast × 100/bd = 226 × 100/ (230 ×300) = 0.328%
As per table 61 of SP-16; tc = 0.40 N/mm2 > 0.035 N/mm2
No, Shear reinforcement is required.
6.2 DESIGN OF SLAB

6.2.1 INTRODUCTION
The slabs are spanning in two directions at right angles & carrying uniformly distributed load.
The slab may be one way or two ways according to its dimensions.
ONE WAY SLAB: - when Ly/Lx>2, then slab is defined as one way slab.
TWO WAY SLAB: - when Ly/Lx<2, then slab is defined as two way slab.
Two way slabs are designated by IS 456-2000 method by using the coefficients for
bending moments for each panel with the respective end condition.
There are two types of slabs that are classified in IS 456-2000.
1.) Restrained slab
2.) Simply supported slabs
162
SIMPLYSUPPORTED SLABS: - When simply supported slabs do not have adequate provision
to resist torsion at corners and to prevent the corners from lifting, the maximum moments per unit
width are given by the same equation.
RESTRAINED SLABS: - When the comers of a slab are prevented from lifting, the slab may be
designed as specified below.
The maximum bending moments per unit width in a slab are given by the following equations;
Mx = αxwlx2
My = αywlx2
Where, αx and αy are coefficients.
Calculation of steel:
M = 0.87 fy Ast (d-0.42*0.05Ast)
Slabs are considered all divided in each direction into middle strips and edge strips. The
middle strip being three-quarters of the width and each edge strip one-eighth of the width.
The maximum moment calculated is applied only to the middle strips and no redistribution shall
be made.
Torsion reinforcement shall be provided at any corner where the slab is simply supported on both
edges meeting at that comer. It shall consist of top and bottom reinforcement, each with layers of
bars placed parallel to the sides of the slab and extending from the edges a minimum distance of
one-fifth of the shorter span. The area of reinforcement in each of these four layers shall be three-
quarters of the area required for the maximum mid-span moment in the slab. Torsion
reinforcement equal to half shall be provided at a corner contained by edges over only one of
which the slab is continuous. Torsion reinforcements need not be provided at any comer contained
by edges over both of which the slab is continuous.
Specification:
Dead load of reinforced concrete = 2.5KN/m2
Live load of reinforced concrete = 2.0 KN/m2
Floor finishes = 0.75 KN/m2
Dead load of partition wall = 1.0 KN/m2
Partial safety factor = 1.5
Steel bars = Fe-415
Grade of concrete = M-20
Load calculation:
1.) For roof level
163
Total load = 6.0 KN/m2
Design load = 9.0 KN/m2
2.) For rest floors

Dead load of partition wall = 1.0 KN/m2
Design load = 9.375 KN/m2
6.2.2 DESIGN PARAMETERS:

Assume 8mm diameter bar with a clear cover of 25mm.
Effective depth = (125-25-8/2) mm = 96 mm ; along shorter span
Effective depth = (125-25-8-8/2) mm = 88 mm ; along longer span
6.2.3 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB

I. For slab A33A43 - B33B43
Dimension of slab = 4.5m × 4m

Depth = Span / 25 = 4000/25 = 160mm
Ly/Lx = 4.5/4 = 1.125 < 2
So, the slab is designed as two way slab.
Leff = min(4+.300 or 4+.300) = 4.3 m
Using table 27- αx = -0.054 and αy = -0.047 (at edges)
αx = 0.0413 and αy = 0.035 (at mid span)
Bending moment at continuous edges

Mx = -0.054×9×4.32 = -8.986 KN-m
My = -0.047×9×4.32 = -7.82 KN-m
164
Bending moment at mid span
Mx = 0.0413×9×4.132 = 6.34 KN-m
My = 0.035×9×4.132 = 5.37 KN-m
Checking for depth

Mu,lim = 0.138 fckbd2
d = 47.92m <160m
so, the depth is satisfactory.
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12/100*1000*125 = 150 mm2
Maximum reinforcement = 0.4/100*1000*125 = 500 mm2
Maximum spacing <3d and 300mm
Mu = 0.87Astfyd[1-(Astfy)/(bdfck)]
So, Ast = 123.27 < 150 mm2
Adopt 10mm dia. Bars @255mm c/c in short span direction
Using 10 mm dia. Bars @255mm c/c in the long span direction
6.2.4 DESIGN OF Ground, 1st, 2nd Floor SLAB
. For slab A32A42 - B32B42
Dimension of slab = 4.5m × 4m

Depth = Span / 25 = 4000/25 = 160mm
Ly/Lx = 4.5/4 = 1.125 < 2
So, the slab is designed as two way slab.
Leff = min(4+.300 or 4+.300) = 4.3 m
Using table 27-
αx = -0.054 and αy = -0.047 (at edges)
αx = 0.0413 and αy = 0.035 (at mid span)
Bending moment at continuous edges

Mx = -0.054×9.375×4.32 = -9.36 KN-m
My = -0.047×9.375×4.32 = -8.14 KN-m
Bending moment at mid span

Mx = 0.0413×9.375×4.32 = 7.15 KN-m
My = 0.035×9.375×4.32 = 6.06 KN-m
165
Checking for depth
Mu,lim = 0.138 fckbd2
d = 50.89 m <160m
so, the depth is satisfactory.
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12/100*1000*125 = 150 mm2
Maximum reinforcement = 0.4/100*1000*125 = 500 mm2
Maximum spacing <3d and 300mm
Mu = 0.87Astfyd[1-(Astfy)/(bdfck)]
So, Ast = 139.353 < 150 mm2
Adopt 10mm dia. Bars @255mm c/c in short span direction
Using 10 mm dia. Bars @255mm c/c in the long span direction
From table 23 of IS456-2000: tc = 0.195MPa>0.1513MPa
Hence, slab is safe.
6.3 DESIGN OF COLUMN
6.3.1 INTRODUTION
In structural engineering, column is defined as an element which transmits, through
compression, the weight of the structure above to the structural element below. Since it is
subjected to axial compressive load, hence it is called compression member. All columns are
subjected to some moment due to end restraint imposed by monolithically placed beams and
slabs or due to accidental eccentric load.
All compression members are to be designed for a minimum eccentricity of loads in
two principal directions. After determining the eccentricity section should be designed for
axial and bending. The section is designed for a moment which should not be less than
prescribed eccentricity.
Size of column = 300mm×300mm
Self weight of column = 25KN/m3 * (3.3-0.320) m* 0.3m*0.3m = 6.705 KN
Nominal cover provided = 45 mm
Minimum bar diameter = 12 mm
Minimum reinforcement = 0.8% of gross area,
= 0.8/100*300*300 = 720mm2
Maximum reinforcement = 6% of gross area.
= 6/100*300*300 = 5400mm2
Lateral stirrups:
Diameter >= (diameter of largest longitudinal bar)/4
>= 8 mm
166
Spacing/pitch >= least lateral dimension
>= 16(diameter of smallest bar)
>= 300 mm
6.3.2 DESIGN AT SECOND FLOOR

Interior frame
i. For column B1-3 B1-2
Pu = 1.5×(61.3504+6.705) = 102.08 KN
Mu = 1.5×13.396 = 20.094 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.057
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.037
From chart-34, SP-16;
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Provide 4-16mm dia bar.
Lateral ties
Provide 8mm dia stirrups @ 300mm c/c.
ii. For column B2-3 - B2-2

Pu = 1.5×(90.4811+6.705) = 145.77 KN
Mu = 1.5×9.8907 = 14.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.08
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.027
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
167
iii. For column B3-3 B3-2
Pu = 1.5×(90.5802+6.705) = 145.92 KN
Mu = 1.5×12.3071 = 18.46 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.081
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.034
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
iv For column B4-3 - B4-2

Pu = 1.5×(67.4098+6.705) = 111.17 KN
Mu = 1.5×18.5597 = 27.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.061
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.051
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
6.3.3 DESIGN AT FIRST FLOOR

Interior frame

Pu = 1.5×(87.3012+2 *6.705) = 151.06 KN
Mu = 1.5×13.396 = 20.094 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
168
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.084
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.037
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties

Pu = 1.5×(116.4319+2*6.705) = 194.76 KN
Mu = 1.5×9.8907 = 14.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.108
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.027
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties

Pu = 1.5×(119.6501+2*6.705) = 199.59 KN
Mu = 1.5×12.3071 = 18.46 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.11
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.034
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
169
Lateral ties

Pu = 1.5×(96.5797+2*6.705) = 164.98 KN
Mu = 1.5×18.5597 = 27.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.091
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.051
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
6.3.4 DESIGN AT GROUND FLOOR

Interior frame

Pu = 1.5×(87.3012+3*6.705) = 161.12 KN
Mu = 1.5×13.396 = 20.094 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.089
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.037
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
170
Pu = 1.5×(116.4319+3*6.705) = 209.32 KN
Mu = 1.5×9.8907 = 14.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.116
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.027
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties

Pu = 1.5×(119.6501+3*6.705) = 209.64 KN
Mu = 1.5×12.3071 = 18.46 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.116
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.034
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties

Pu = 1.5×(96.5797+3*6.705) = 175.04 KN
Mu = 1.5×18.5597 = 27.83 KN-m
d’/D = 0.15
Pu /(fckbD) = 0.097
Mu /(fckbD2) = 0.051
171
p/fck = 0.02
p = 0.4%
Ast = 360mm2
Lateral ties
6.4 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

6.4.1 INTRODUCTION
Staircase is the area where stairs are built. Stairs are the structure which consists of
series of steps and landing and give access from one floor to another floor. Each step has one
rise and one tread. The rise and tread are proportioned while designing a stair so that the stair
provides a convenient access. The relationship between rise and tread is determined in the
following ways:-
I. (2×rise) + tread = 600mm to 640mm
II. RISE × TREAD = 40000mm2 to 45000mm2
ISI recommends that pitch of a stair should neither be less than 25degree nor more than
40degree.
6.4.2 DESIGN OF FLIGHT

Design parameters
Height of the storey = 3.3 m
Type of staircase dog-legged staircase
Height of one riser = 150 mm (Taken)
Number of riser = 3300/150 =22
Number of tread = No. of riser – 1
= 22 - 1
= 21
Width of the tread = 300 mm
Now,
(2×rise) + tread = 600mm ;acceptable.
Rise × tread = 45000mm2 ;acceptable.
Leff = (3000 + 1400)mm
= 4400mm
172
Effective depth = 4400/(1.25×20)
=176 mm
Adopt an overall depth of 200mm.
Reinforcement used 12mm φ and clear cover of 20mm.
So, effective depth = (200-20-6)mm
= 174mm < 176mm
Hence, effective depth is acceptable.
Load calculation:
Load due to steps = (0.5×0.15×0.3×25)KN/m = 0.5625KN/m
No. of tread per meter = 1000/300 =3.33 ⋍ 3/m
Self weight of steps = 3/m × 0.5625KN/m = 1.6875KN/ m2
Waist slab load = 0.2 × 1 × 25 = 5.0KN/m2
Floor finish = 1.0 KN/m2
Live load = 5.0 KN/m2
Taking moment about B

RA × 4.4 = 11.0×4.4×4.4/2 + 1.6875×3×3/2 – 11.0×1.4×1.4/2
RA = 23.475 KN
RB = 23.475 KN
BMmax = 23.475×2.9×2.9/2 - 11×2.7×2.7/2 – 1.6875×1.5×1.5/2 = 47.83 KN-m
Mud = 1.5×47.83KN-m = 71.75 KN-m
Check for depth

xu,lim = 0.48d ; for Fe-415
Mu,lim = 0.36 fck xu,lim b(d-0.42 xu)
d = 161.25 mm <174mm ;safe.
SFmax = 11×5.8/2 + 1.6875×3/2 = 34.43 KN
Pt = 0.785%
Ast = 1366 mm2
Ast,provided #18-10mm dia @ 150mm c/c as main reinforcement
Distribution bars
Ast = 0.12/100×1000×200 = 240 mm2 /m
Spacing 8mm bar @ 180mm c/c.
173
Check for shear
Nominal shear stress, tv = vu/(bd) = 0.198 MPa
% of tension steel = 100*240/(1000*174) = 0.137
From table 23 of IS456-2000: tc = 0.26MPa>0.198 MPa
Hence, flight is safe.
6.4.3 DESIGN OF LANDING SLAB:
Half of the load is transferred to the landing beam.
Load transferred from slab = 11×5.8/2 + 1.6875×3/2 = 34.43 KN
Self weight of beam = 0.23×0.32×25 = 1.84 KN
Self wt of wall = 3.3/2×0.11×19 = 3.44 KN
Total load = 39.71 KN
Moment = 39.71 ×3×3/8 = 44.67KN-m
Design moment = 1.5×29.37 = 67.01 KN-m
Check for depth

xu,lim = 0.48d ; for Fe-415
Mu,lim = 0.36 fck xu,lim b(d-0.42 xu)
d = 155.84 mm
Provide 12mm bar with clear cover 25mm
deff = (320 – 25 – 6) mm =289 mm>126.35mm : Safe.

Now,
Mu,d/bd2 = 2.75 N/mm2 <2.76N/mm2
Hence, section is designed as singly reinforced section.
From table 2 of SP-16; Pt = 0.95%
Ast = 0.95/100×1000×289 = 2745.5 mm2
Ast,provided #12-16mm bar (2814mm2 )
Check for shear
Factored SF = 1.5×39.71 KN =59.565 KN
Nominal shear stress, tv = vu/(bd) = 0.206 MPa
% of tension steel = 100*2745.5/(1000*289) = 0.95
From table 23 of IS456-2000: tc = 0.38MPa > 0.206 MPa
Hence, no shear reinforcement is required.
However, 2-legged stirrups bar of 8mm is provided.
174
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION
It is necessary to say that the project report as a whole is complete in itself. Small
details regarding design has been evaluated keeping in view of both theoretical and practical
aspect of the project.
In this project, substitute frame method has been used for analysis of preliminary
frame. It is observed that for most practical purposes the substitute frame method gives
satisfactory result. However, for quickness in performance a computer method of analysing
using stiffness matrix method may be used.
We hope that this project will prove itself as a helpful guideline for practicing
engineers and people engaged in construction engineering.
175
CHAPTER 8 REFERENCE
1. Theory of Structures – S. Ramamrutham

- R. Narayan
2. Intermediate Structure – R. L. Jindal
3. Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure – Ramamrutham and Narayan
4. Reinforced Concrete Limit State Design – Ashok Kumar Jain
5. Limit State Design – Dr. Ramchandra
6. Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure – N. Krishna Raju
7. IS 456: 1978
8. IS 456: 2000
9. Design Aids, SP-16:1978
176

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DETAILED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A THREE-STOREYED

RESIDENTIAL R.C.C. BUILDING

Under the guidance

Department of Civil Engineering

(Deemed to be University u/s 3 of UGC Act, 1956)

PRIYA REANG D/18/CE/004

Place: NERIST, Nirjuli

Dr. Ajay Bharti Dr. Mudo Puming Dr. Ajanta Kalita

(Head of the Department) (Project Coordinator) (Project Supervisor)

Phone : (0360) 2257401 – 11(0) Email : @nerist.ernet.in

(Project Guide) (External Examiner)

Sl. NO. TITLE PAGE

6 CHAPTER 2: BUILDING COMPONENTS

7 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW 5

11 CHAPTER 8: REFERENCES 179

The project report possesses architectural drawings, structural drawings, analysis

1.3 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

1.4 BASIC PRINCIPLE

3.2 R.D. Deshpande et al., (2017):

Study of IS 875 1987

Preparation of Building Layout using AutoCAD

Analysis and design of (G+2) residential building

Moment distribution method-

Substitute frame method

4.2 BUILDING DATA FOR ANALYSIS

Building Type: Residential

Number of Storey: 3 (G+2)

• One way slab

Type of staircase: Dog-legged StairCase

Type of foundation: Shallow

Method of analysis: Moment Distribution Method (To be applied)

The concrete grade used: M25

Dead load: Calculated as per IS 875 Part I 1987

Live Load: Calculated as per IS 875 Part I 1987

Preliminary Design: IS 456:2000

Soil type: Medium Stiff

Bearing Capacity of Soil:

Type of construction: R.C.C Framed Structure

The shape of the Building: Rectangular

The number of staircases: 6

Type of Walls: Brick Wall

Floor to floor height: 3.3m

Height of plinth: 600mm

The thickness of Slab: 125 mm

The thickness of External Wall: 230mm

The thickness of Partition Wall: 110mm

Dimensions of Column: 300mm x 300 mm

Dimensions of Beams: 230mm x 320mm

4.3 OTHER SPECIFICATION

For Ground Floor

Height of one flight = 1.65m

No. of treads in each flight = 11

No. of riser in each flight = 10

Width of landing = 1.4m

Detailed Plan and Elevation are drafted in AutoCAD.

Fig. 5.1 Plan of Load Distribution of Slab on A-A, B-B Beam

Fig. 5.2 Interior frame of B-B Section

A1 = (1/2) × (4.16)×(4.16/2) = 4.3264 m2

W1 = Dead load on slab and roof finish

Beam B1-3 - B2-3

W12 = 0.125×4.3264×25+1.0 ×4.3264 = 17.8464 KN

WDL = W11 + W12 + W2 = 43.3472 KN

W31 = 1.5×4.3264 = 6.4896 KN