ENGLISH 11 NEW

GENERAL REVISION FOR THE 2ND SEMESTER TEST

PART I. PRONUNCIATION.
- Vowels: æ/ ɔ/ ɔ:/ ɑ /ɑ:/ ə:/ ə/ I/ I:
- Diphthongs: iə/ eə/ uə/ ei/ ai/ ɔi/ əu/ au
- ed endings
- s/es endings
PRACTICE EXERCISES.
I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the others.
1. A. itinerary B. abundant C. elegance D. landscape
2. A. tomb B. dome C. mosaic D. poetic
3. A. numerous B. luxury C. perfume D. monument
4. A. inhabitant B. geography C. radiation D. available
5. A. disposal B. optimistic C. population D. occupy
6. A. vitamin B. mineral C. diet D. fitness
7. A medicine. B. remedy C. exercise D. obesity
8. A balanced B. yoga C. fatty D. natural
9. A. deafening B. frightening C. happening D. threatening
10. A. secondary B. complimentary C. vocabulary D. supplementary
11. A. police B. policy C. polite D. pollute
12. A. preferable B. preference C. preferably D. preferential
13. A. dream B. mean C. peace D. steady
14. A. floor B. flood C. moorland D. door
15. A. achievement B. appearance C. enthusiastic D. initiative
16. A. confidence B. achievement C. engage D. permission
17. A. potential B. psychologist C. oppose D. contribution
18. A. initiative B. confidence C. enthusiastic D. tension
19. A. reaction B. achievement C. matchmaking D. enthusiastic
20. A. break B. breath C. thread D. tread
21. A. grease B. sympathy C. horse D. rose
22. A. increase B. release C. please D. grease
23. A. consist B. disable C. suggest D. vision
24. A. sugar B. consume C. trans-fat D. obesity
25. A. believes B. dreams C. girls D. parents
26. A. kissed B. laughed C. looked D. loved
27. A. stopped B. expected C. finished D. faced
PART II. STRESS.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary
stress in each of the following questions.
28. A. archaeology B. itinerary C. unforgettable D. authenticity
29. A. magnificent B. associate C. mausoleum D. harmonious
30. A. religious B. masterpiece C. prestigious D. abundant
31. A. cultural B. heritage C. memory D. represent
32. A. organiser B. comfortable C. tech’nology D. populated
33. A. presen’tation B. pessimistic C. residential D. ‘innovative
34. A. renewable B. sus’tainable C. ‘insfrastructure D. environment
35. A. fa’miliar B. ‘generate C. assignment D. pollutant
36. A. over’crowded B. inhabitant C. ge’ography D. convenient
37. A. infectious B. es’sential C. precaution D. ‘properly
38. A. un’healthy B. vitamin C. mineral D. ‘natural
PART III. GRAMMAR.
I. PARTICIPLE AND TO - INFINITIVE CLAUSES.
1. Chúng ta cũng có thể dùng một quá khứ phân từ để thay thế cho một mệnh để quan hệ mà động từ chia
ở thể bị động.
Ex: a. They live in a house that was built in 1890.
→ They live in a house built in 1890.
b. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
→ The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
c. The ancient houses which were destroyed by the fire are now under reconstruction.
→ The ancient houses destroyed by the fire are now under reconstruction.
2. Hiện tại phần từ được dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thì tiếp diễn, hoặc diễn tả một thói
quen hay một điều ước.
Ex: a. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
→ The boy playing the piano is Ben.
b. We have a house which overlooks the park.
→ We have a house overlooking the park.
c. The man who spoke to John is my brother.
→ The man speaking to John is my brother.
3. Động từ nguyên thể có “to” được sử dụng sau: the first, the second, etc, the next, the last, the only và
đôi khi dùng sau cấp so sánh cao nhất như the most famous, the oldest.
Ex: a. Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.
→ Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
b. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
→ The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
c. They live in the most comfortable house that was built in 1890.
→ They live in the most comfortable house to be built in 1890.
d. He is the last person who was killed by that way.
→ He is the last person to be killed by that way.
4. Câu bắt đầu bằng: HERE (BE), THERE (BE)..............
Ex: + Here is the form that you must fill in.
→ Here is the form for you to fill in.
+ There are six letters which have to be written today. (động từ mang nghĩa bị động)
→There are six letters to be written today.
NOTES: Trong phần to-inf này cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
- Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì dùng for sb +to V.
Ex: + We have some picture books that children can read.
→ We have some picture books for children to read.
- Nhưng nếu chủ ngữ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như: we, you, everyone.... thì không cần dùng “for...”.
Ex: + Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about.
→ Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us) to think about.
- Nếu trước relative pronouns có giới từ thì phải đưa giới từ xuống cuối câu.
Ex: + We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.
→ We have a peg to hang our coat on.
PRACTICE EXERCISES. PARTICIPLE AND TO - INFINITIVE CLAUSES:
I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The best way ____ London is by taking a guided tour.
A. of which to see B. to see C. seeing D. in which you see
2. With its thousands of rocks and caves ____ out of the water, Ha Long Bay has won international recognition.
A. emerge B. to emerge C. emerging D. being emerged
3. Hoi An Ancient Town is a well-preserved example of a Southeast Asian trading port ____ from the 15th to the
19th century. A. to date B. dated C. that date D. dating
4. We can also see the stone dragons of Kinh Thien Palace and relics associated with many Vietnamese royal
families, ____ during archaeological excavations.
A. discovered B. being discovered C. to discover D. discovering
5. John F. Kennedy was the last US president ____.
A. to assassinate B. assassinated C. assassinating D. to be assassinated
6. The Complex of Hue Monuments was the first site in Viet Nam ____ to the World Heritage List.
A. adding B. to add C. to be added D. added
7. The archaeological excavation ____ to the discovery of the ancient city lasted several years.
A. led B. leading C. to lead D. being led
8. Though ____ many centuries ago, the palace remains practically intact.
A. building B. to build C. built D. people built
9. I picked up some holiday brochures ____ around the table at the travel agency.
A. to lie B. lying C. to be lying D. being lying
10. Situated on Cam Khe Hill, Tomb of Minh Mang is one of the most interesting royal tombs ____ in Hue.
A. to visit B. visited C. visiting D. being visited
11. You may choose one from the five World Heritage Sites in Viet Nam ___ in this leaflet to visit on your next
field trip.
A. includes B. including C. included D. to include
12. ____ UNESCO criteria for outstanding universal value to humanity, Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex
was added to the World Heritage List in 2014.
A. Meeting B. Met C. To meet D. Having met
13. The most magnificent feature of Taj Mahal ____ is the central dome.
A. noticed B. being noticed C. to notice D. noticing
14. Scientists ____ on the site found many ancient tools, tombs and pottery, and made some important
archaeological discoveries.
A. worked B. working C. to work D. to be working
15. ____ with an average of 320 days of sunshine a year, the coastline offers the perfect holiday destination for
anyone ____ to switch off and unwind.
A. Blessed/wanting B. Blessing/wanting C. Blessed/wants D. Blessing/wanted
16. Southern Spain's Costa del Sol, ____ from Nerja in the east to Manilva in the west, is one of the most
fascinating tourist areas in the world.
A. stretches B. stretching C. stretched D. being stretched
17. As well as its beautiful sun-soaked beaches and excellent gastronomy, the region boasts no fewer than thirty
golf courses, ____ amateurs and professionals alike with year-round golfing opportunities.
A. provides B. provided C. providing D. is provas
18. The Saga Rose is a good-looking ship. ____ in 1965, she is highly regarded by marine experts for her elegant
lines. A. Launching B. Was launched C. To launch D. Launched
19. I took up salsa, ____ by dance teacher, Thabo, who made us believe we were good enough to perform in
front of passengers and crew.
A. was inspired B. inspiring C. inspired D. was inspiring
20. The electromagnetic fields can also cause responses in the brain, ____ observers into thinking they are seeing
even more vivid impressions.
A. tricking B. tricks C. trick D. tricked
21. Henry VIII of England was the only king ____ six times.
A. to marry B. married C. was married D. marrying
22. Travellers are faced with a lot of destinations ____ from.
A. choosing B. choose C. to be choosing D. to choose
23. I think China will be the next country ____ the Olympic Games.
A. who host B. hosting C. to host D. hosted
24. At 24, William Pitt was the youngest person ____ Prime Minister.
A. becoming B. to become C. became D. was become
25. Tourists ____ the train from London to Stratford have to change at Coventry.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. who takes
26. The capital city of Ecuador was the first city in the world ____ a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
A. to declare B. declared C. declaring D. to be declared
27. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is the 8th World Heritage in Viet Nam ____ by UNESCO.
A. to be recognised B. to recognise C. recognising D. recognised
28. The London Tower Bridge, ____ 244 metres long, is a World Heritage Site.
A measures B. measured C. measuring D. is measured
29. Scholars believe that there are still relics ____ under the tomb and awaiting to be excavated.
A. burying B. buried C. are burying D. are buried
30. ____ the email - supposedly from Boyd's Bank - to be genuine, she was tricked into disclosing her credit
card details.
A. Believe B. Being believed C. To believe D. Believing
31. Most of the suggestions _________ at the meeting was not very practical.
A. making B. made C. to be made D. which made
32. Today, the number of people _______ from Covid - 19 is finally decreasing.
A. died B. dying C. they die D. die
33. Here are four students representing our university ________ the Asian Meeting next week.
A. attend B. attending C. to attend D. attended
34. The management has assured all staffs that anyone ________ the professional development seminars will
receive a certificate thanking them for their participation.
A. attend B. attended C. attending D. to attend
35. He was the first person ________ in the accident was taken to the hospital.
A. to be injured B. to injure C. injuring D. injured
36. Was Neil Armstrong the first person________foot on the moon?
A. set B. setting C. to set D. who was set
37. The woman _______ next door is a famous singer.
A. lives B. who live C. living D. that living
38. The house ______ in the storm has now been rebuilt.
A. destroyed B. destroying C. which destroyed D. that is destroyed
39. The man _______ at the blackboard is our teacher.
A. stood B. stands C. standing D. to stand
40. Tom was the last _______ the classroom yesterday.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves
41. Linda was the last student ______ at the oral exam.
A. to be asked B. asking C. asks D. to ask
42. I live in a pleasant room _________ the garden.
A. to overlook B. overlooking C. overlooked D. which overlooking
43. Melanie was the only person ________ a letter of thanks.
A. wrote B. written C. to write D. writing
44. The pilot was the only man ________ after the crash.
A. was rescued B. rescued C. rescuing D. to be rescued
45. Can you please tell me some information _______ to the job ?
A. relating B. that relate C. that are relating D. that related
46. None of the people ________ to the party can come.
A. invite B. invited C. inviting D. to invite
47. The secretaries were the only people ________.
A. to get a pay rise B. getting a pay rise
C. who to get a pay rise D. to whom get a pay rise.
48. The fifth man _______ was entirely unsuitable.
A. who interviewed B. interviewing C. to interview D. to be interviewed
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.
1. Breaking her leg the last time she went, Laura decided not to go on the school trip this year.
A(Having broken) B C D
2. Lived here for seven years, my friend volunteers to act as tour guide for us all on our city break.
A(living) B C D
3. We found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
A(we finding) B C D
4. ‘Wait a minute,' said Tom, ran through the door.
A B C(running) D
5. Amy seems like a bright student. She's always the first to be finished her work.
A B C D(to finish)
6. Annoying by the receptionist's behaviour, they decided not to stay in that hotel.
A(being annoyed) B C D
7. We decided not to travel, having been heard the terrible weather forecast.
A B C(having heard) D
8. Having imported from America, the fruit was expensive.
A(Having bên imported) B C D
9. Barbara has now written a successful biography though know mainly as a novel writer.
A B C(known) D
10. The book publishing last week is her first novel about a World Heritage Site in Viet Nam.
A(published) B C D
11. We need some cholesterols to help our skin, brain, and other organs grow, but too much of it can cause
A B C D
health problems.
12. People who eat lots of red meat are at risk of develop heart diseases.
A B C D
II. QUESTION TAGS.
1. Câu hỏi đuôi là một phần nhỏ được thêm vào sau mỗi lời phát biểu. Chúng ta sử dụng câu hỏi đuôi để
xin phép sự đồng ý hoặc kiểm chứng xem thông tin có đúng không.
Ex: There is no milk in the fridge, isn't there?
2. Quy tắc chung:
- Lời phát biểu khẳng định + câu hỏi đuôi phủ định
- Lời phát biểu phủ định + câu hỏi đuôi khẳng định
Ex: She likes chocolate, doesn't she?
He doesn't go to school on weekends, does he?
3. Phần câu hỏi đuôi phủ định thường được viết rút gọn. Chủ ngữ của câu hỏi đuôi luôn luôn là một đại
từ.
4. Phần đuôi của “I am....., aren’t I”.
Ex: I'm going to do it again, aren't I?
5. Imperatives and Requests (Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu):
+ Có phần đuôi là “Won't you?” khi cầu phát biểu diễn tả lời mời
Ex: Take your seat, wont you? (Mời ông ngồi).
+ Có phần đuôi là “will you?” khi cầu phát biểu diễn tả lời yêu cầu hoặc mệnh lệnh phủ định
Ex: Open the door, will you? ( Xin vui lòng mở cửa)
Don't be late, will you ? (Đừng đi trễ nha)
6. Phần đuôi của cậu bắt đầu bằng “Lets ..” là “shall we?”
Ex: Let's go swimming, shall we?
- Nhưng phần đuôi của “Let me, ..... will you”
7. Đại từ bất định:
- Khi chủ ngữ là Đại từ bất định chỉ vật: Nothing, anything, something everything được thay thế bằng “It” ở
câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: Everything will be all right, won't it?
- Khi chủ ngữ là Đại từ bất định chỉ người: No one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody,
everybody, everyone được thay thế bằng “They” trong câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: Someone remembered to leave the messages, didn't they?
Note: Nothing, Nobody, No one được dùng trong mệnh đề chính, động từ câu hỏi đuôi sẽ phải ở dạng khẳng
định. (Vì Nothing, Nobody, No one có nghĩa phủ định)
Ex: Nothing gives you more pleasure than listening to music, does it?
8. This/ That được thay thế là “It”. => Ex: This won't take long, will it?
6. These/ Those được thay thế là “They”. => Ex: Those are nice, aren't they?
9. Khi trong câu nói có từ phủ định như: seldom, rarely, hardly, no, without, never, few, little... phần đuôi
phải ở dạng khẳng định.
Ex: He seldom goes to the movies, does he?
10. Nếu câu phát biểu có dạng:
- You’d better → câu hỏi đuối sẽ là: hadn't you?
- You’d rather → câu hỏi đuôi sẽ là: Wouldn’t you?
- You used to → câu hỏi đuôi sẽ là: didn’t you?
- S + ought to + V, oughtn't + S?
11. Câu đầu là “wish’ thì ta dùng “May” trong câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: I wish to study English, may I?
12. Chủ ngữ là ONE ta dùng “you” hoặc “one”.
Ex: One can be one's master, can't you/one?
13. Câu cảm thán: Lấy danh từ trong câu đổi thành đại từ, [to be] dùng “is, am, are”.
Ex: - What a beautiful dress, isn't it?
- What a stupid boy, isn't he?
- How intelligent you are, aren't you?
14. Câu đầu có “It seems that + mệnh đề” ta lấy mệnh đề làm câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: It seems that you are right, aren't you?
15. Chủ từ là mệnh đề danh từ: Dùng “it”
Ex: - What you have said is wrong, isn't it?
- Why he killed himself seems a secret, doesn't it?
16. Câu đầu có I + các động từ sau: think, believe, suppose, figure, assume, fancy, imagine, reckon, expect,
seem, feel + mệnh để phụ: Ta lấy mệnh phụ làm câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: - I think he will come here, won't he?
- I don't believe Mary can do it, can she?
Note: - Mệnh đề chính có not thì vẫn tính như ở mệnh để phụ.
- Cùng mẫu này nhưng nếu chủ từ không phải là I thì lại dùng mệnh đề đầu làm câu hỏi đuôi.
Ex: She thinks he will come, doesn't she?
PRACTICE EXERCISES. QUESTION TAGS:
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. This is the right DVD, ____?
A. isn't this B. is this C. isn't it D. is it
2. I'm not the only one, ____?
A. aren't I B. am I C. am not I D. are not I
3. Let's go out tonight, ____?
A. shall we B. will we C. could we D. would we
4. Don't forget to write to me soon, ____?
A. would you B. could you C. can you D. will you
5. Nothing frightens you, ____?
A. does it B. doesn't it C. do they D. don't they
6. Somebody's just called my name, ____?
A. hasn't he B. didn't he С . haven't they D. have they
7. I suppose you don't like the course, ____?
A. don't I B. do I C. don't you D. do you
8. Everyone's going to be there, ____?
A. isn't he B. is he C. aren't they D. are they
9. We never enjoy our city break, ____?
A. do we B. don't we C. have we D. haven't we
10. There will be more and more megacities in the world,
A. will it B. won't it C. will there D. won't there
11. No one wants to live in a polluted city, ____?
A. do they B. don't they C. does he D. doesn't he
12. I think city dwellers can enjoy an exciting nightlife, ____?
A. don't you think B. don't I C. can't they D. can they
13. There's hardly anything that can be done to reduce pollution, ____?
A. isn't there B. is there C. can it D. can't it
14. You have to wear uniform when going to work, ____?
A. haven't you B. have you C. do you D. don't you
15. We are supposed to submit the assignment by Friday, ____?
A. don't we B. are we C. aren't we D. do we
16. Put these flowers near the window, ____?
A. will you B. would you C. could you D. all are correct
17. None of the old people likes living in urban areas, ____?
A. do them B. does he C. do they D. don't they
18. Neither of the locations was ideal for a new shopping mall, ____?
A. were they B. was it C. weren't they D. wasn't it
19. I believe nothing serious happened, ____?
A. did it B. didn't it C. do I D. don't I
20. Sophie has got no major problems living in the new city, ____?
A. hasn't she B. has she C. does she D. doesn't she
III. CONDITIONAL TYPE O
Conditional type 0 - Câu điều kiện diễn tả thói quen hoặc một sự thật hiển nhiên.
a. Habit (Thói quen)
If + simple present tense ..., + simple present tense...
Ex: I usually walk to school if I have enough time.
b. Command (Mệnh Lệnh).
If + simple present tense ..., + command form of verb + ...
Ex: - If you go to the Post Office, mail this letter for me.
- Please call me if you hear anything from Jane.
IV. REPORTED SPEECH WITH CONDITIONALS.
1. Tường thuật câu điều kiện loại I.
- Nếu trong câu nói trực tiếp có câu tường thuật cầu điều kiện tiếng Anh loại I khi chuyển sang dạng tường thuật
sẽ lùi 1 thì.
Ex: Jim said "If I catch the bus, I'll be home by six".
=> Jim said that if he caught the bus, he would be home by six.
(Jim nói rằng nếu anh ta bắt kịp xe buýt, anh ta sẽ về nhà vào lúc 6 giờ.)
Khi chuyển thành câu tường thuật phải lùi 1 thì: catch thành caught, will be home thành would be home.
2. Tường thuật câu điều kiện loại II.
- Khác với cầu điều kiện loại I trong cấu tường thuật, cầu điều kiện loại II khi chuyển từ câu nói trực tiếp sang
tường thuật không cần thay đổi về thì.
Ex: My mom said to me "If you had a permit, you could find a job".
=> My mom told me that if I had a permit, I could find a job.
3. Tường thuật câu điều kiện loại III.
- Tương tự như tường thuật cầu điều kiện tiếng Anh loại II, ở câu điều kiện loại III khi chuyển câu nói trực tiếp
sang tường thuật cũng không cần thay đổi về thì.
Ex: Tom said "If Jenna had loved me, she wouldn't have left like that"
=> Tom said that if Jenna had loved him, she wouldn't have left like that.
Tom nói rằng nếu Jenna yêu anh ta, cô ấy đã không bỏ đi như vậy. Không có sự khác biệt về thì giữa câu
nói trực tiếp và cấu tường thuật.
4. Tường thuật câu điều kiện: If + mệnh đề yêu cầu, đề nghị.
Hãy cùng xem xét ví dụ sau: Jack said "If you have time, clean the living room"
=> Jack told me to clean the living room if I had time. (Jack bảo tôi dọn phòng khách nếu tôi rảnh.)
Hoặc Jack said "If you have time, would you clean the living room?"
=> Jack asked me to clean the living room if I had time.
(Jack hỏi tôi rằng tôi có thể dọn phòng khách không nếu tôi có thời gian rảnh?)
5. Tường thuật cấu điều kiện: If + mệnh để mang ý nghĩa lời khuyên.
Xem xét thử ví dụ sau: The doctor said "If you are ill, you should go to bed earlier".
=> 'The doctor advised me to go to bed earlier if I was ill.
=> The doctor advised that if I was ill, I should go to bed earlier.
(Bác sĩ khuyên tôi nên đi ngủ sớm nếu tôi bị ốm.)
Nhận xét:
- Một khi chuyển câu trực tiếp có ý nghĩa khuyên nhủ, ta nên thay động từ said bằng advised để thể hiện ý nghĩa
đưa ra lời khuyên và sử dụng cấu trúc advise somebody to do something (khuyên một ai làm việc gì đó) hoặc cấu
trúc advise that + mệnh đề.
PRACTICE EXERCISES.
I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Sarah will be very annoyed if Dave ____ her this evening.
A. won't call B. not call C. doesn't call D. will call
2. If you like peace and quiet, ____ move to the town to live.
A. you won't B. you will C. let's D. don't
3. If you go by air, it ____ you around two hours to get to Ho Chi Minh City from Ha Noi.
A. would take B. takes C. took D. spends
4. ____ he do well in the exam, his parents will buy him an MP3 player.
A. If B. When C. Should D. Were
5. If you need help, ____ me!
A. will tell B. let's tell C. let tell D. tell
6. If unemployment is rising, people ____ to stay in their current jobs.
A. tend B. will tend C. have tended D . would tend
7. If you see Karen, ____ you ask her to call me?
A. shall B. will C. do D . would
8. If you bully someone, you ____ them to do things against their will.
A. will force B. forced C. force D. would force
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.
1. Won't you be a lot happier if Dad came home this weekend? (come)
A B C D
2 Should Jade gets to interview a famous politician, she will ask lots of difficult questions.
A(get) B C D
3. If her condition should improve, we inform you immediately.
A B C D(will)
4. I don't want a brother or sister, unless it will happens, of course.
A B C D(will)
5. If you meet John, will tell him I want to see him.
A B(will) C D
6. None of your friends really enjoyed themselves at the party, didn't they?
A B C D(did they)
7. If you borrow my coat, don't get it dirty, can you?
A B C D(will you)
9. You made no effort to make friends with Darren, didn't you?
A B C D(did you)
10. You sent that letter I gave you, haven't you?
A B(have sent) C D
V. REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES.
1. Reported speech with gerunds.
Notes: - admit (thừa nhận), deny ( phủ nhận), suggest ( đề nghị);
- apologise (to sb) for ( xin lỗi), confess to ( thú nhận), dream of ( mơ về), insist on ( nài nỉ, khăng khăng đòi), look
forward to ( mong mỏi, trông đợi), think of ( nghĩ về), regret (hối hận) ; accuse ( sb of doing st) : buộc tội;
Congratulate ( sb on doing st): chúc mừng; prevent (sb from doing st): ngăn chặn; Thank (sb for doing st): cám ơn
ai vì đã làm gì; warn (sb against doing st): khuyến cáo, nhắc chừng; Criticrize (sb for (not) doing st): phê phán, chỉ
trích; forgive sb for doing st; suspect sb of : nghi ngờ ai vì
Ex: He said to me; “Let’s go home. ” => He suggested going home.
=> He suggested that we should go home
Ex: “I’ll help you with your physics exercise,” Peter said to Susan.
=> Peter insisted on helping Susan with her physics exercise.
Ex: “It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much“, Tom said to me
– John thanked me for helping him.
“I’m sorry I’m late,” Peter said
– Peter apologised for being late.
Ex: John said, “I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulation!”
– John congratulated me on receiving the scholarship.
“I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” John said to us.
=> Tom congratulated us on passing our exams
Ex: “Don’t go out alone at night” I said to Linda
– I warn Linda against going out alone at night.
Ex: “Be careful of strangers and don’t go out at night”; he said
=> He warned us to be careful strangers and not to out at night
Ex: “Don’t stay at the near the airport,” I said to Ann
=> I warned Ann against staying at the hotel near the airport
Ex: “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.
=> I warned Linda agaisnt going out alone at night.
Ex: “Stay here! I can’t let you go out tonight,” her mother said to Jane
=> Her mother prevented Jane from going out that night.
Ex: “You took some of my money”, he said.
– He accused me of taking some of his money.
Ex. “How beautiful the dress you have just bought is!” Peter said to Mary.
=> Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress.
Ex: “I want to pass the exam with flying colours,” John said.
=> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.
“I’ve always wante to be rich, ” Bob said. => Bob had always dreamed of being rich
2. Reported speech with infinitive
Note: urged (thuyết phục) invited (mời) reminded(nhắc nhở)
begged(cầu xin) advised(khuyên) agreed(đồng ý)
told (bảo) ordered(ra lệnh) warned(khuyến cáo)
asked(yêu cầu) encouraged(khuyến khích) offered(đề nghị)
promised (hứa) wanted(muốn)
Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?”
=> He invited me to go out for a drink.
The man said; “I‟d like a bottle of red wine, please”
=> The man asked for a bottle of red wine.
Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said. => My mother advised me to study harder.
Lời khuyên thường bắt đầu bằng:
- You should / You ought to V...........
- If I were you , I would/ should …
- You had better …
- Why don‟t you ….
Ex: ‟ Why don‟t you repaint our room?” => She advised me to repaint their room.
Ex: She said to me; “Don‟t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
=> She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining
Ex: “All right, I‟ll wait for you” he said. => He agreed to wait for me.
Ex: “I‟d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said
=> My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor.
Ex: “No, I won‟t lend you my car” => He refused to lend me his car.
Ex: “I‟ll send you a card on your birthday” => He promised to send me a card on my birthday.

PRACTICE EXERCISES. REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES.

I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Hoa reminded Lan ____ some groceries on the way home.
A. buying B. to buying C. buy D. to buy
2. My friend suggested ____ on a yoga course to lose weight.
A. enrolled B. enroll C. enrolling D. to enroll
3. Tom and Ken admitted ____ to submit the assignments the day before.
A. to forget B. to forgetting C. forget D. forgot
4. The mother told her two daughters ____ too much fast food.
A. not to eat B. to not eat C. to eat not D. not eat
5. The doctor said to Mr Black that if he ate lots of fatty food, he ____ increase his chance of developing heart
disease. A. will be B. will C. would be D. would
6. My yoga instructor asked me to close my eyes, breathe slowly and deeply, and ____ about my problems.
A. not thinking B. to think not C. not to think D. not think
7. The patient admitted ____ his doctor's advice.
A. to not follow B. not to following C. to follow not D. to following not
8. Le's friend suggested ____ some games to relax because they had studied for three hours.
A. playing B. play C. to play D. played
9. Nam's mother advised ____ some ginger tea if he wants to feel better.
A. to him drink B. to drink him C. him drink D. him to drink
10. Lan said that if I wanted to try natural remedies, I ____ find useful information on the Internet.
A. will B. can C. could D. am able to
11. Huong told me that if she ____ strong tea, she usually starts feeling dizzy.
A. drank B. drinks C. will drink D. has drunk
12. Lan's doctor advised ____ a yoga class to relieve stress.
A. her taking B. her take C. to take her D. her to take
13. Kim's father reminded ____ to his fitness class.
A. to him going B. him go C. him to go D. he goes
14. Our fitness instructor warned ____ work out more than two hours a day.
A. us not to B. us to not C. us not D. not us to
15. Tom's father told him if he goes to bed on an empty stomach, he ____ be able to sleep well.
A. doesn't B. won't C. wouldn't D. hasn't
16. My mother warned me that if I work too much and ____ rest, I will weaken my immune system.
A. didn't B. won't C. don't D. wouldn't
17. Ann's doctor told her that if she ____ his advice, her health will be much better.
A. followed B. will follow C. follows D. would follow
18. My doctor explained that if children ____ enough calcium, they won't grow strong and healthy bones.
A. don't get B. get C. got D. will get
19. Anna said that if she ____ a lot of fast food, she could become overweight.
A. consumes B. consumed C. will consume D. would consume
20. Lan's father reminded ____ her medicine regularly.
A. to take B. her take C. her to take D. her taking
21. Her yoga instructor insisted ____ those relaxation techniques every day to improve her health.
A. her practise B. her to practise C. on her practise D. on her practising
22. My doctor warned me ____ out if air pollution levels are very high.
A. not to go B. to not go C. not go D. go not
23. John apologised ____ his doctor's instructions.
A. not for following B. for not following C. to follow D. to not follow
24. The swimming instructor told the children ____ into the pool.
A. to not jump B. not jump C. not to jump D. not jumping

II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.
1. I told him that if I drank coffee before bedtime, I can't sleep. (couldn’t)
A B C D
2. Dr Lam said that we'd boost our immune system if we have a healthy lifestyle.(‘d)
A B C D
3. Nam’s wife told him that it would be nice if he spends more time with the children.(could spend)
A B C D
4. Peter explained to us that if Ann called him back, he'll arrange an appointment for her.(would)
A B C D
5. The travel agent explained to us that if we travelled to a foreign country, we need a valid passport.(travel)
 A B C D
6. My grandmother keeps to tell us that if we catch a cold, we should try natural remedies before taking
A B C
any medicine.(keeps telling)
D
7. John told me that if he were rich, he'd donate money for charity.(to)
A B C D
8. Mira's father said that she would recover quickly if she follows the doctor's advice. (followed)
A B C D
9. Khanh's father promised buying her a pair of Nike shoes if she passed her English test. (to buy her)
A B C D
10. The doctor advise him not to exercise too hard because it was not good for his heart.(advised)
A B C D
11. Mai invited me spend my summer holidays on her grandparents' farm. (me to spend)
A B C D
12. Jack's father advised him not eating fast food every day.()
A B C D

PART V. VOCABULARY.
I. Word form, word choice, collocations.
1. The area near the palace gates was ____ with tourists.
A. full B. crowded C. flooded D. covered
2. From the top of the cathedral tower there are some spectacular ____ of the surrounding countryside.
A. sights B. sites C. views D. scenery
3. Known as 'Ha Long Bay on Land', Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is famous for its mountains, caves, and
archaeological ____. A. excavations B. sites C. relics D. heritages
4. Local authorities should find ways to limit the use of private cars and encourage city ____ to use public transport.
A. commuters B. planners C. dwellers D. people
5. To get ready for the presentation, we can start preparing the slides while Jeremy will do the ____.
A. speaking B. telling C. talking D. speech
6. Located about 60 km southwest of Seoul, this eco city has been planned around a central park and designed so
that every resident can walk to work in the business ____.
A. district B. area C. location D. organisation
7. The waste ____ system here is also innovative. There are no rubbish trucks or waste bins in the street.
A. dump B. disposal C. landfill D. throwaway
8. London is a/an ____ city. It's a melting pot for people from all parts of the world.
A. international B. national C. metropolitan D. cosmopolitan
9. Cities in poorer countries often lack basic ____. Without it, they are unable to function properly as cities.
A. structure B. construction C. infrastructure D. condition
10. The ____ of living in some places can be very high. Prices in London are particularly exorbitant.
A. value B. price C. worth D . cost
11. This safe, ____ friendly city is like a paradise for its inhabitants who can enjoy the highest quality of life.
A. environment B. environmental C. environmentally D. environmentalist
12. ____ waste is putting city dweller's health at a real risk.
A. Treatment B. Untreated C. Non-treatment D. Non-treated
13. Every month, scientists invent new gadgets and ____ to help us with our daily lives, and discover ways to make
existing technology faster and better.
A. experiments B. effects C. laboratories D. equipment
14. Unlike the country where the day often ends quite early in the evening, the city offers its people exciting ____.
A. activities B. performances C. nightlife D. night clubs
15. The roads are terrible. I'm always getting ____ in traffic.
A. stuck B. lost C. exhausted D. late
16. Everything's a bit more expensive here and property prices are extremely high. A lot of people have no choice
but to live in the ____ and commute in to work.
A. outskirt B. suburbs C. city D. urban
17. It's much safer for cyclists to get around these days with cycle ____ everywhere.
A. lanes B. streets C. roads D. paths
18. The ____ is where you'll find all the large department stores and banks.
A. city heart B. town hall C . city centre D. business district
19. Exhaust ____ from cars are responsible for much of the air pollution in cities.
A. fumes B. smokes C. gases D . smog
20. Many factories still allow ____, such as toxic waste, to flow into our rivers
A. pollution B. litters C. garbage D. pollutants
21. Many commuters struggling to work through the rush-hour ____ ask 'Is it worth it?'
A. congestion B. vehicles C. roads D. accidents
22. It is perhaps, the daily stresses and ____ of the city which make life there a matter of survival rather than of
enjoyment. A depresses B. strains C. demands D. challenges
23. Most cars nowadays are fitted with a security ____ of some kind.
A. motor B. gadget C. tool D. device
24. The greenhouse ____ takes place when certain gases in the atmosphere trap sun's heat.
A emission B. gas C. effect D. affect

25. Pollution and heavy traffic are common problems in ____ cities.
A cosmopolitan B. modern C. metropolitan D. overcrowded
26. Millions of people around the world still live in poverty. They are struggling every day simply to ____.
A. get up B. get by C. get on D. get round
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) SYNONYMS / CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s).
1. When you sit for the exam next time, try to stay calm and relaxed.
A. answer B. take C. make D. write
2. If the examiner can't make sense of what your essay is about, you'll get the low mark.
A. declare B. estimate C. communicate D. understand
3. My application for the scholarship has been turned down because the transcript of marks is not satisfactory
enough. A. cancelled B. postponed C. reduced D. rejected
4. The balance and harmonious blending of various elements contribute to Taj Mahal's unique beauty.
A. successful B. agreeable C. tasteful D. fitting
5. In addition to exploring the caves and grottos, and seeing its flora and fauna, visitors can also enjoy mountain
climbing. A. flowers and plants B. plants and animals
C. plants and vegetation D. flowers and grass
6. Taj Mahal is a giant mausoleum of white marble in Arga, India. It is considered to be an outstanding work of
art. A. noticeable B. attractive C. brilliant D. significant
7. Recognised as a World Heritage Site in 1983, the Taj Mahal Complex, including the tomb, mosque, guest house,
and main gate, has preserved the original qualities of the buildings.
A. initial B. ancient C. unique D. perfect
8. As visitors explore this magnificent place, there are always new surprises for them.
A. interesting B. strange C. impressive D. unusual
9. The mausoleum represents the greatest architectural and artistic achievement of Muslim art.
A. contains B. includes C. claims D. embodies
10. Today Islamabad is a thriving city of about 1 million people. It offers a healthy climate, a pollution-free
atmosphere, plenty of water, and many green spaces.
A. healthy B. prosperous C. modern D. green
11. Scientists hope that this new drug will be a major breakthrough in the fight against AIDS.
A. new cure B. important therapy C. sudden remedy D. dramatic development
12. They design and carry out projects aiming to reduce fossil fuel consumption, find renewable fuels for public
transport, and promote other clean air efforts.
A. inexhaustible B. recyclable C. green D. environmentally-friendly
13. The urban planners are working for Eco Infrastructure Network, whose main function is to deal with urban
environmental problems to make Super Star City greener, cleaner, and more sustainable.
A. eye-catching B. developed C. long-lasting D. friendly
40. If we have solar panels on our roofs, we'll be able to generate our own electricity.
A. afford B. produce C. manufacture D. light
41. I believe the government will use advanced technology to build faster trains and make people's life more
comfortable. A. modern B. expensive C. public D. latest
42. Many city dwellers, especially those in developing countries, still live in poverty.
A. people B. migrants C. immigrants D. residents
43. These projects have proved to be very effective in dealing with global climate change, which was considered an
insoluble problem in the first 30 years of this century.
A. hard B. challenging C. unsolvable D. unbearable
44. There's a real mix of people in Brighton. It has a very cosmopolitan feel to it.
A. busy B. hectic C. multi-cultural D. diversified
45. People who hold optimistic view believe that cities of the future will increase the general well-being of
individuals and societies.
A. health state B. quality of life C. level of development D. growth rate
11. Children often get vaccinated in order to be immune to fatal diseases.
A. susceptible B. vulnerable C. allowed D. resistant

12. This kind of fruit helps to boost the immune system.

A. decrease B. reduce C. increase D. maintain
13. Life expectancy for both men and women has improved greatly in the past twenty years.
A. Living standard B. Longevity C. Life skills D. Lifeline
14. Here are some principles for people to stick to if they want to stay healthy.
A. rules B. principals C. laws D. duties
15. We should consume healthy food and exercise regularly.
A. store B. purchase C. buy D. eat
16. There are several ways to exercise and stay healthy.
A. apply B. exploit C. keep fit D. operate
17. We should take prescription medicine only when other methods fail.
A. decline B. not succeed C. break D. fall
18. If you take this medicine, you will recover quickly.
A. get well B. get on C. get up D. get in
19. The doctor warned his patient not to take too much sugar.
A. shouted B. threatened C. punished D. cautioned
20. In order to stay healthy, make sure you have a balanced intake of vitamins and minerals.
A. take-off B. take-away C. consumption D. digestion
21. Too much fast food consumption can increase the risk of obesity and heart disease.
A. being underweight B. being overweight C. malnutrition D. fitness
22. A popular way to relieve stress in today's busy lifestyles is practising meditation.
A. reduce B. relax C. repeat D. require
23. People can fight infection more easily if they have an adequate diet.
A. injection B. disease C. hygiene D. each other
24. We should drink a lot of water to prevent water loss.
A. boost B. stimulate C. avoid D. trigger
25. In order to avoid sunburn, many people wear protecting clothes when they go out.
A. continue B. encourage C. facilitate D. block
26. Remember to wash your face twice a day with warm water and mild soap to remove dirt.
A. light B. destructive C. strong D . protective
27. Squeezing pimples can lead to swelling, redness, and infection.
A. falling B. declining C. shrinking D. becoming bigger
28. Eating a wide variety of fruit and vegetables provides you with vitamins and nutrients.
A. broad B. narrow C. limited D. certain
29. She gave us some tips for keeping our skin healthy and preventing common skin problems.
A. particular B. normal C. infrequent D. accepted
30. Having healthy skin is especially essential to women to maintain their beauty.
A. trivial B. meaningless C. vital D. contributory
31. If you stare at a computer screen for too long, it may damage your eyesight.
А. peep B. look C. glance D. gaze
32. The increase in life expectancy can be attributed to health lifestyle, better nutrition, and advances in medical
science and technology.
A. activities B. advisers C. delays D. breakthroughs
33. Mass media have helped to raise people's awareness of lifestyle choices.
A. stabilise B. reduce C. lift D. encourage
34. John Keith has been a fitness instructor for more than ten years.
A. practitioner B. trainer C. learner D. intern
35. Here are some precautions for us to take when doing different types of physical activities.
A. safety measures B. safety levels C. safety rules D. safety factors
36. If you do workout outdoors in the hot and sunny weather, your body can overheat and lose a lot of fluid.
A. liquid B. vitamins C. minerals D. nutrients
37. Losing a lot of fluid can lead to heat stroke.
A. result from B. result in C. originate D. be due to

38. You should drink a glass of water before a workout and then pause regularly to drink more.
A. break up B. break down C. break off D. break in
39. You should also exercise early in the morning when it's not too hot.
A. have a rest B. do housework C. do homework D. work out
40. Make sure you have warmed up your body by stretching or jumping before swimming.
A. exercised B. put on warm clothes C. had a warm bath D. rested
41. If you are swimming and lightning strikes, you risk serious injury or death.
A. trivial B. bad C. important D. minor
42. If yoga is not done properly, it can do more harm than good.
A. socially accepted B. morally accepted C. correctly D. easily
III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) ANTONYMS / OPPOSITE in meanin the
underlined word(s).
1. Students also have the opportunity to choose from a wide range of optional courses in the university.
A. mandatory B. selective C. free D. limited
2. Tom did miserably on the final test, which caused a shock to everyone in the class.
A. took B. sat for C. failed D. passed
3. Most of the students in our country are interested in pursuing higher education to get bachelor's degrees.
A. following B. giving up C. trying D. interrupting
4. Though built almost five hundred years ago, the church remained practically intact.
A. in perfection B. in ruins C. in chaos D. in completion
5. Tourists can do and see a lot in Ha Long Bay at a reasonable price.
A. inexpensive B. affordable C. cheap D. exorbitant
6. If I take the pessimistic viewpoint, Tokyo won't be a safe place to live in.
A. negative B. optimistic C. optical D. neutral
7. To reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere, ways to limit the use of private cars must be found.
A. public B. personal C. common D. shared
8. People who live in towns and cities live in an urban environment.
A. remote B. deserted C. suburban D. rural
9. There is pollution not only of the physical environment because the various pressure of urban life causes cities to
breed crime. A. social B. mental C. moral D. manual
10. Governments have to join hands to solve the environmental problems on a global scale.
A. worldwide B. nationwide C. local D. international
11. You need to do some warm-up exercise such as stretching before you start your yoga practice.
A. remaining B. declining C. developing D. shrinking
12. Stretching will relax your muscles and prevent any damage to your joints.
A. allow B. avoid C. limit D. protest
13. When you walk, don't look at your feet. This will slow you down and cause back pain.
A. result in B. result from C. lead to D. activate
14. After hundreds of rejections by the employers, I decided that I need to do something about my obesity.
A. denial B. approval C. refusal D. rebuttal
15. I found a website advertising an effective way to lose weight in one month.
A. drop B. waste C. maintain D. gain
16. I have followed a special diet and joined a fitness class for overweight people for over six months.
A. refused B. obeyed C. adhered to D. carried on
17. My family totally supported me during my fight against obesity.
A. aided B. discouraged C. assisted D. promoted
18. I have just received my first job offer after having been unemployed for two years.
A. got B. gained C. rejected D. acquired
PART VII. WRITING.
I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to
each of the following questions.
1. The first man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
A. The first man interviewing was entirely unsuitable. B. The first man to be interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
C. The first man was interviewed was entirely unsuitable. D. The first man to interview was entirely unsuitable.
2. The young woman who lives next door is very kind to my family.
A.The young woman to live next door is very kind to my family.
B.The young woman he lives next door is very kind to my family.
C.The young woman living next door is very kind to my family.
D.The young woman lived next door is very kind to my family.
3. He took me to an expensive restaurant where we enjoyed a good meal.
A. He took me to an expensive restaurant enjoyed a good meal.
B. He took me to an expensive restaurant to enjoy a good meal.
C. He took me to an expensive restaurant and enjoying a good meal.
D. He took me to an expensive restaurant we enjoyed a good meal in which.
4. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
A. The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
B. The scientists to research the causes of cancer are making progress.
C. The scientists to be researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
D. The scientists researching the causes of cancer is making progress.
5. This is the second person who was killed in that way.
A.This is the second person killed in that way. B. This is the second person to be killed in that way.
C. This is the second person killing in that way. D. This is the second person was killed in that way.
6. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.
A. The first person catching the ball will be the winner. B. The first person catches the ball will be the winner.
C. The first person catch the ball will be the winner. D. The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.
7. The girl living next door to me is getting married next year.
A. The girl that lives next door to me is getting married next year.
B. The girl lives next door to me is getting married next year.
C. The girl that lives next door to me gets married next year.
D. The girl who is living next door to me getting married next year.
8. Peter was the last applicant who was interviewed by that interviewer.
A. Peter was the last applicant to interview by that interviewer.
B. Peter was the last applicant to be interviewed by that interviewer.
C. Peter was the last applicant interviewed by that interviewer.
D. Peter was the last applicant interviewing by that interviewer.
9. She said, "John, I'll show you round my city when you're here."
A. She made a trip round her city with John.
B. She planned to show John round her city.
C. She promised to show John round her city.
D. She organized a trip round her city for John.
10. My friend told me, "If I were you, I would not ask him for help."
A. My friend advised me not to ask him for help.
B. My friend told me to ask him for help.
C. My friend prohibited me from asking him for help.
D. My friend suggested not asking him for help.
11. “You'd better work harder if you don't want to retake the exam!” the teacher said to Jimmy.
A. The teacher advised Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
B. The teacher ordered Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
C. The teacher reminded Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
D. The teacher warned Jimmy to work harder if he didn't want to retake the exam.
12. Visitors come to admire the relics that were excavated from the ancient tombs.
A. Visitors come to admire the relics excavating from the ancient tombs.
B. Visitors come to admire the relics excavated from the ancient tombs.
C. Visitors come to admire the relics being excavated from the ancient tombs.
D. Visitors come to admire the relics to be excavated from the ancient tombs.
13. He has been living with his cousin for two months, but he's looking for a place close to his university.
A. Living with his cousin for two months, but he's looking for a place close to his university.
B. Being lived with his cousin for two months, but he's looking for a place close to his university.
C. Has lived with his cousin for two months, but he's looking for a place close to his university.
D. Having been living with his cousin for two months, but he's looking to a place close to his university.
14. After we had chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
A. Chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
B. Choosing a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
C. Having chosen a destination for our holiday, we began preparing for the trip.
D. Having prepared for the trip, we chose a destination for our holiday.
15. You use your mobile phone a lot, so you have large phone bills.
A. If you don't use your mobile phone a lot, you don't have large phone bills.
B. If you didn't use your mobile phone a lot, you wouldn't have large phone bills.
C. If you don't use your mobile phone a lot, you won't have large phone bills.
D. If you won't use your mobile phone a lot, you won't have large phone bills.
16. I think you should tell your parents the truth.
A. If I am you, I tell your parents the truth. B. If I am you, I will tell your parents the truth.
C. If I were you, I would tell your parents the truth. D. If I were you, I will tell your parents the truth.
17. "No, I did not remove the relics from the heritage site", he said.
A. He objected to removing relics from the heritage site.
B. He denied having removed the relics from the heritage site.
C. He accepted to remove relics from the heritage site.
D. He advised against removing relics from the heritage site.
18. "What a beautiful dress you have just bought!" Peter said to Mary.
A. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress.
B. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress.
C. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress.
D. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.
("compliment SB on ST/doing ST” mang nghĩa “khen ai đó về cái gì”)
19. Water always boils when you heat it long enough.
A. If heated long enough, water boils. B. If water is heated long enough, it boils.
C. If you heat water long enough, it boils. D. All are correct.
20. Plants and flowers can't live without water.
A. If you water plants and flowers, they can't live. B. If you water plants and flowers, they will live.
C. If you don't water plants and flowers, they can't live. D. Unless you water plants and flowers, they live.
21. ‘I'll buy you a new bicycle if you stop eating junk food,' said Lam's mother.
A. Lam's mother promised to buy him a new bicycle if he stopped eating junk food.
B. Lam's mother promises to buy him a new bicycle if he stops eating junk food.
C. Lam's mother will promise to buy him a new bicycle if he stops eating junk food.
D. Lam's mother had promised to buy him a new bicycle if he stopped eating junk food.
22. 'You will boost your immune system if you exercise regularly,' said Tam.
A. Tam says that we'll boost our immune system if we exercised regularly.
B. Tam said that we'd boost our immune system if we exercised regularly.
C. Tam said that we'll boost our immune system if we exercised regularly.
D. Tam said that we boost our immune system if we exercised regularly.
23. 'Mai will recover quickly if she follows the doctor's advice, said Mai's father.
A. Mai's father said she would recover quickly if she follows the doctor’s advice.
B. Mai's father said she will recover quickly if she followed the doctor's advice.
C. Mai's father said she would recover quickly if she followed the doctor's advice.
D. Mai's father says she would recover quickly if she followed the doctor's advice.
24. 'You should exercise more in order to keep fit,' said Anna.
A. Anna urged us to exercise more to keep fit. B. Anna demanded us to exercise more to keep fit.
C. Anna forced us to exercise more to keep fit. D. Anna advised us to exercise more to keep fit.
25. ‘You should eat lots of fruit so as not to get colds all the time,' said my doctor.
A. My doctor advised me to eat lots of fruit so as not to get colds all the time.
B. My doctor advised me not to eat lots of fruit so as to get colds all the time.
C. My doctor forced me to eat lots of fruit so as not to get colds all the time.
D. My doctor demanded me to eat lots of fruit so as not to get colds all the time.
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences.
1. Astronomy is the study of planets and stars. It is one of the world’s oldest sciences
A. Astronomy which is the study of planets and stars is one of the world’s oldest sciences
B. Astronomy, who is the study of planets and stars , is one of the world’s oldest sciences
C. Astronomy is the study of planets and stars which are one of the world’s oldest sciences
D. Astronomy, the study of planets and stars, is one of the world’s oldest sciences
2. Our solar system is in a galaxy. It is called the Milky Way.
A. Our solar system is in a galaxy where is called the Milky Way.
B. Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
C. Our solar system is in a galaxy, that is called the Milky Way.
D. Our solar system is in a galaxy calling the Milky Way.
3. I come from a city. This city is located in the southern part of the country.
A. I come from a city, which is located in the southern part of the country.
B. I come from a city locating in the southern part of the country.
C. I come from a city to locate in the southern part of the country.
D. I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
4. The plants may develop differently. They grow on that island.
A. The plants which grows on that island may develop differently.
B. The plants growing that island may develop differently.
C. The plants grown on that island may develop differently.
D. The plants which grow that island may develop differently.
5. The film is about a spy. His wife betrays him.
A. The film is about a spy by whom his wife is betrayed. B. The film is about a spy betraying his wife.
C. The film is about a spy who betrays his wife. D. The film is about a spy betrayed by his wife.
6. The woman felt proud of her husband. She lived next door.
A. The woman who living next door felt proud of her husband.
B. The woman lived next door felt proud of her husband.
C. The woman who lives next door felt proud of her husband.
D. The woman living next door felt proud of her husband.
7. The pilot left the plane. Everyone had left before him.
A. The pilot was the next to leave the plane. B. The pilot was the last person to leave the plane.
C. The pilot was the last person that leaves the plane. D. Everyone had left before the pilot who left last.
8. The man was shot in the bank robbery. The doctors are operating on him.
A. The man was shot in the bank robbery where the doctors are operating on him.
 B. The man whom the doctors are operating on him shot in the bank robbery.
C. The man whom the doctors are operating on shot in the bank robbery.
D. The doctors are operating on the man shot in the bank robbery.
9. They live in a house. It was built in 1990.
A. They live in a house, that was built in 1990. B. They live in a house built in 1990.
C. They live in a house to be built in 1990. D. They live in a house building in 1990.
10. He said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area. But then he denied that.
A. Having denied his company's damage, he took responsibility for it.
B. He denied having damaged to his company's area.
C. He denied having taken responsibility for the damage to his company's area.
D. He denied having said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area.
11. He donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns. He was admired for that.
A. Unless he donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he was admired.
B. He was admired for having donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns.
C. If he had donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he would have been admired.
D. If he donates a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he will be admired.
12. They decided to cut down their carbon footprints. They were praised for that.
A. They were praised for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.
B. They were not punished for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.
C. Unless they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they were praised for that.
D. If they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they would be praised for that.
13. We have advised you on how to cut down your energy use. We remember that.
A. We can no longer remember having advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
B. We remember having advised you on how to maintain your energy use.
C. We remember having advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
D. We remember to have advised you on how to decrease your energy use.
14. Some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change. They were accused of that.
A. Some scientists were accused of having falsify the effects of climate change.
B. Some scientists were accused of having been honest about the effects of climate change.
C. Although some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change, they were not accused.
D. Some scientists were accused of having falsified the effects of climate change.
15. The sculpture represents the biblical King David. It was carved in the early 1500s.
A. The sculpture carved in the early 1500s represents the biblical King David.
B. The sculpture, carved in the early 1500s, represents the biblical King David.
C. Represented the biblical King David, the sculpture was carved in the early 1500s.
D. Being represented the biblical King David, the sculpture was carved in the early 1500s.
16. Researchers are developing low-cost devices. These devices can detect water pollutants in rivers and lakes.
A. Researchers are developing low-cost devices that can detect water pollutants in rivers and lakes.
B. Researchers are developing low-cost devices to detect water pollutants in rivers and lakes.
C. Researchers are developing low-cost devices so that they can detect water pollutants in rivers and lakes.
D. Researchers are developing low-cost devices who can detect water pollutants in rivers and lakes.