Metal Temp

THIS STANDARD IS: STD NO : 48-88-16
Updated INDEX : 21.8

PERFORMANCE STANDARD DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 1 OF 101
SUBJECT : METAL TEMPERATURES
PURPOSE : To provide information on tube, fin and pipe materials and the effects of
temperatures on these components.
REMARKS: This Standard to be effective immediately.
NOTES: 1. See Page 2 for Versions.

2. See Page 3 for list of Arrangement and Detail drawings.
PROGRAM MANAGER
REVIEWED BY: T. MISKELL STANDARDS ENGINEERING-9390
MANAGER
APPROVED FOR CONTENT: R. KUNKEL SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE ENGINEERING-8152
PROGRAM MANAGER
APPROVED FOR PUBLICATION: T. MISKELL STANDARDS ENGINEERING-9390
This document contains proprietary data and shall not be reproduced

or disclosed without the permission of ALSTOM Power Inc.
SUBJECT: Metal Temperatures STD NO : 48-88-16
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 2 OF 101
UNITS: ENGLISH; METRIC; BOTH; NONE

PRODUCT LINES: CHECK THE PRODUCT LINES THAT THE STANDARD IS APPLICABLE TO
ALL; A = CONTROLLED CIRC. BOILERS H = HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATORS (HRSG)
B = SUPERCRITICAL BOILERS P = PULVERIZERS – MILLING SYSTEM
C = VU40 AND VU60 BOILERS R = CHEMICAL RECOVERY BOILERS
E = FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS (CFB) S = SERVICES (AFTER MARKET USE)
F = NATURAL CIRC. BOILERS (UTILITY)
Versions
version of this Standard; Revised Pages 80 & 89,

Ver. 6 - Updated allowable stress tables for Sheet Nos. 75-001-5 & 77-007-3
stainless steels per the Dec. 1992 Addenda to the
ASME Code, Section I. Ver. 14 – Revised Paragraph 1.0; Updated Table of
Contents on Pages 7 and 8; Revised Sheet No.
Ver. 7 - Added Revision page and text. Revised references on Pages 65 and 71 Paragraph 2.a;
Table of Contents for Section. Updated Standard Increased Temperature Limits from 995 F to 1025 F
format. Incorporated Cross Reference Index into for 1Cr-1/2Mo and 1-1/4CR-1/2Mo Pipe Material
Table of Contents. Eliminated Pages A.1.0, A.2.0 on Pages 77 through 79; Revised Tables on Pages
A.3.0; replaced Pages with new dates as marked “R” 81 through 83, Changed “Y” to “P/S”; Revised
on Pages 3 and 5. Tables on Pages 90 through 100, Changed from Tif
Formats to an MS Excel Tables & MSWord Tables;
Rev. 8 - Revised Table of Contents, Pages B.4.0 Added cross reference’s with Sheet Nos. and Page
thru B.8.0, D.1.0 thru D.3.0, E.1.0, E.2.0 and E.8.0, Nos. on the following Pages 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 28,
F.1.0 thru F.4.0 and F.9.0 thru F.13.0; added Pages 29, 60, 61, 64, 65, 71, 74, 75, 76, 80, 84, 85, 86
F.2.1 and F.3.1; deleted Pages F.5.0 thru F.7.7 and and 89.
Code Conformance Sheet.
Ver. 15 – Revised Table of Contents Pages 5, 6 and
Ver. 9 - Updated Table of Contents; under Section 7. Revised Page 16 to meet ASME Code, Section II
D added Pages D.25.0, D.26.0, D.27.0 and D.28.0 Part D, 2004 Edition, 2004 Addenda, Thermal
- Metal Temperatures for Supercritical Range. Conductivity Values. Converted Graphs on Pages
62, 69, 73, 85, 86, 87 and 88 to MSExcel Graphs.
Ver. 10 - Corrected printing error and reissued
Page D.25.0 as a separate page. Ver. 16 – Revised Table of Contents Pages 5, 6, 7
and 8. Revised Graph on Page 16 and added Page
Ver. 11 - Added Material SA-209-T1a on Page 17, Added paragraphs for T-11 and SA-210
F.2.0 dated Nov. 15, 1996. material on Page 29. Made editorial changes to the
following Pages 18, 27, 28, 30, 61, 62, 65, 66,
Ver. 12 - Updated page C.5.0 and Table of 72, 75, 76, 77, 81, 85, 86, 87 and 90. (i.e.
Contents. changed pages referenced for various Sheet Nos
shown on these pages and added latest Revision
Ver. 13 – Updated Standard Format, Name Number to Sheet Numbers).
Change from ABB to Alstom; Revised Page 75
Temperature Limit for 2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo Material.
Corrected Numerous Typos within the electronic
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List of Arrangement Drawings
None
List of Detail Drawings
Drawing No. Title
C-980-0223 Detail and Assembly of Perforated Downcomer Box - 72” Fluidized Bed Steam Drum
D-990-629 Universal Fin Lug - Assembly and Detail
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1.0 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to provide

information , track revisions and provide the Table
of Contents for Metal Temperatures.
2.0 Use of Standard and Revisions
This standard controls the revisions of all

pages listed in the Table of Contents shown on
Pages 5 through 8. Each time any sheet(s) listed in
the Table of Contents of this standard is revised, the
sheet(s) will have a new date(s) and the standard will
be revised.
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Table of Contents
Section Sheet No. Page No. Issue Date
B. Heat Transfer
Film Conductance, Single Phase 64-008-2 9 December 1, 1982

Film Conductance Correction Factor 82-005-A 10 December 1, 1982
82-005-B 11 December 1, 1982
Film Conductance Nucleate Boiling 72-006-1 12 March 20, 1996
Film Temperature Drop-Nucleate Boiling 71-036-1 13 March 20, 1996
Inside Absorption Rate at Tube Crown 72-007-A 14 March 20, 1996
72-007-1 15 March 20, 1996
Metal Conductivity, Tube Steels 848-3 16 January 19, 2006
848-3 17 January 19, 2006
C. Metal Temperatures for Plain Tubes
Unfinned Tubes Absorbing Heat 74-011 18 December 23, 1974

Unfinned Furnace Wall Tubes 893-1 19 December 23, 1974
Interior Platen Elements 875-1 20 December 23, 1974
Exterior Platen Elements 876-1 21 December 23, 1974
877-1 22 June 18, 1997
Spaced Elements 881-1 23 December 23, 1974
882-1 24 December 23, 1974
883-1 25 December 23, 1974
Tube Hot Face Surface Temperature 63-044-1 26 December 23, 1974
D. Metal Temperatures for Furnace Walls*
Furnace Walls (Notes, Contents) 74-015-A-1 27 March 16, 1983

74-015-B 28 January 11, 1979
74-016-A-4 29 January 19, 2006
74-016-B-1 30 January 11, 1979
1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4” Centers, T11 65-031-1 31 December 23, 1974

65-032-1 32 December 23, 1974
65-037-1 33 December 23, 1974
65-043-1 34 December 23, 1974
* All Sheets apply to both fusion and fin welded walls.

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Table of Contents (Cont.)

D. Metal Temperatures for Furnace Walls* (Cont.)
1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210 65-033-1 35 December 23, 1974

65-034-1 36 December 23, 1974
65-038-1 37 December 23, 1974
65-044-1 38 December 23, 1974
1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210 83-002 39 March 16, 1983

83-003 40 March 16, 1983
83-004 41 March 16, 1983
83-005 42 March 16, 1983
83-006 43 March 16, 1983
2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210 74-017-1 44 April 15, 1975

74-018-1 45 April 25, 1975
74-019-1 46 April 25, 1975
74-020-1 47 April 25, 1975
2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210 65-035-1 48 December 23, 1974

65-036-1 49 December 23, 1974
65-039-1 50 December 23, 1974
65-045-1 51 December 23, 1974
2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210 79-001 52 January 11, 1979

79-002 53 January 11, 1979
79-003 54 January 11, 1979
79-004 55 January 11, 1979
79-005 56 January 11, 1979
2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T11 67-007-2 57 October 30, 1975

67-008-2 58 October 30, 1975
67-009-2 59 October 30, 1975
67-011-2 60 October 30, 1975
Metal Temperatures for None 61 June 21, 1996

Supercritical Range 65-040 62 June 21, 1996
65-041-1 63 June 21, 1996
65-042 64 June 21, 1996
* All Sheets apply to both fusion and fin welded walls.

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E. Finned Tubes and Lugs
Peg Fins and Fin Welded Walls 76-021-1 65 March 20, 1996
76-022-2 66 July 16, 2004
76-023 67 May 2, 1978
Tube Crown Outside Temperature 76-011-1 68 May 2, 1978
76-012-1 69 May 2, 1978
Fin Base Temperature 65-056-3 70 May 2, 1978
Fin Tip Temperature 65-057-2 71 May 2, 1978
Lugs & Fins 78-026-1 72 July 16, 2004
78-027 73 Sep. 21, 1978
78-028-1 74 Sep. 21, 1978
F. Temperature Limits
Temperature & Sizing Limits, 69-008-1 75 March 20, 1996

Tubing, Headers and Piping
Tubing 64-007-2 76 November 15, 1996
64-007-2 77 March 20, 1996
Headers 64-007-A-4 78 July 16, 2004
64-007-A-4 79 July 16, 2004
Piping 64-007-B-3 80 July 16, 2004
Determination of Minimum Wall 75-001-5 81 June 22, 2004

Thickness 78-029-A-3 82 July 16, 2004
78-029-B-2 83 July 16, 2004
78-029-C-3 84 July 16, 2004
Temperature Limits for Fin Materials 65-062-2 85 March 20, 1996
Allowable Fin Delta T 65-060-2 86 March 20, 1996
65-061-2 87 February 17, 1977
65-063-3 88 November 28, 1978
65-064-2 89 February 17, 1977
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G. Properties of Tubes
Dimensional Properties: 77-007-3 90 June 22, 2004

78-020-1 91 July 16, 2004
78-021-1 92 July 16, 2004
78-022-1 93 July 16, 2004
78-023-2 94 July 16, 2004
81-008-1 95 July 16, 2004
81-009-1 96 July 16, 2004
78-024-1 97 July 16, 2004
78-025-1 98 July 16, 2004
77-005-1 99 July 16, 2004
77-006-1 100 July 16, 2004
77-008-1 101 July 16, 2004
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Sheet No. 64-008-2

Film Conductance - Single Phase - Heated Fluid Inside Tubes
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Sheet No. 82-005-A

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Sheet No. 82-005-B

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Sheet No. 72-006-1

Film Conductance - Nucleate Boiling
72-007-1 (Page 15)

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Sheet No. 71-036-1

Film Temperature Drop - Nucleate Boiling
72-007-1 (Page 15)

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Sheet No. 72-007-A
Inside Absorption Rate at Tube Crown
Fusion Welded Walls with 1/2” Web

(± 1/8”)
For nomenclature , see Sheet No. 72-007-1

(Page 15).
Knowing the outside absorption rate at the

tube crown (Q/A)o, the inside absorption rate (Q/A)I
can be readily determined.
1. Evaluate or assume film conductance, h.
2. Calculate dimensionless parameter ht/k

(Biot Number).
3. Read Frdl from Sheet No. 72-007-1 (Page 15).
4. Calculate (Q/AI = Frdl (Do / DI) (Q/A)o.
5. If ‘h’ was assumed in paragraph (1), above,

determine correct value of ‘h’ from appropriate
Sheet No. and repeat process until agreement is
obtained.
Note: For subcritical utility units (both Natural and

Controlled Circulation) an approximation may be
made at the Designers option, by passing most of
the steps in the above method. If a value of 0.975
is assumed for FRdl, the calculation is reduced to
solving the simplified equation:
(Q/A)I = 0.975 (Do / DI) (Q/A)o

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Sheet No. 72-007-1

Inside Absorption Rate at Tube Crown
72-007-A (Page 14) for notes on this sheet.

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Sheet No. 848-3
Metal Thermal Conductivity

Tube Steels
350
340
Refer to Page 17 for Grouping of
330
Material with Composition and Tube
320 Specification No.
310
B
300
290
280
270 C
260
k - Metal Conductivity, Btu-in/hr-ft -°F
D
2
250
240
230
220 E
210
200
190
F
180
170
G
160
150
140
130 J
120
K
110
100
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400
Tem perature °F
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Sheet No. 848-3 (Continued)
Group Compostion Tube Specification No.

B Carbon steels in which there are specified amounts of SA 106 B,
manganese and/or silicon, with or without additional SA 106 C,
small amounts of columbium, titanium, or vanadium SA 192,
(microalloyed steels), Also includes: 1Cr-1/2Mo-Si SA 210 A1,
SA 210 C,
SA 178 A,
SA 178 C,
SA 178 D
C C-1/2Mo, 1/2Cr-1/2Mo, 1Cr-1/2Mo, SA 209 T1,
1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo & 1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo-Si SA 209 T1a,
SA 213 T2,
SA 213 T11,
SA 213 T12
D 2 1/4Cr-1Mo & 3Cr-1Mo SA 213 T21,
SA 213 T22,
SA 213 T23 (CC2199-2)
E 5Cr-1/2Mo SA 213 T5,
SA 213 T5c
F 9Cr-1Mo SA 213 T9,
SA 213 T91,
SA 213 T92 (CC2179-3)
G 12Cr SA 213 T122 (CC2180-2)
J 18Cr-8Ni SA 213 TP304H,
CC2328-1
K 16Cr-12Ni-2Mo, 18Cr-10Ni-Ti, 18Cr-10Ni-Cb & SA 213 TP310H,
25Cr-20Ni SA 213 TP316H,
SA 213 TP321H,
SA 213 TP347H,
SA 213 TP347HFG
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Sheet No. 74-011
Metal Temperature Standards

for Unfinned Tubes Absorbing Heat
Tm = Tf + ∑(∆T)
Tm - Maximum Temperature at Center of Tube Wall (Point M), 0F

Tf - Bulk Steam or Water Temperature, 0F
∑(∆T) - Sum of Temperature Contributions, 0F. The Contributions ∆T from each source are obtained from the
corresponding Sheet Nos. listed in Table 1.
Definitions
Exterior Elements - Leading and Trailing Elements of the Bank.

Interior Elements - All Other Elements of the Bank.
External Radiation - Radiation From the Gas in Upstream and Downstream Cavities.
Internal Radiation - Radiation from the Gas Within the Bank.
Table 1
Element Type Source of Contribution Sheet No. Reference Surface Absorption Rate
(Page No.)
Furnace Wall All Sources 893-1 Projected Area - DoL Q
(19)
Platen - Interior All Sources 875-1 Projected Area
(20)
Platen - Exterior Convection and External Radiation 876-1 Two Faces Q
(21)
Internal Radiation 877-1 2 DoL
(22)
Spaced-Tube Bank Distribution A 881-1 Circumferential
(23)
(See Table 2) Distribution B 882-1 Surface ∩
(24) Q
Distribution C 883-1 πDoL
(25)
Table 2
Source of Contribution Location of Element

Exterior Leading Exterior Trailing Interior
External Radiation from Upstream Cavity A A A
External Radiation from Downstream Cavity C C C
Internal Radiation C A B
Convection A A A
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Sheet No. 893-1

Metal Temperature - Unfinned Furnace Wall Tubes
Do Not use for Fusion Welded Walls
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Sheet No. 875-1

Metal Temperature - Interior Platen Elements
Contribution of Convection, Internal and External Radiation
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Sheet No. 876-1

Metal Temperature - Exterior Platen Elements
Contribution of Convection and External Radiation
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Sheet No. 877-1

Metal Temperature - Exterior Platen Elements
Contribution of Internal Radiation
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Sheet No. 881-1

Metal Temperature - Spaced Elements
Contribution of Distribution A
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Sheet No. 882-1

Contribution of Distribution B
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Sheet No. 883-1

Contribution of Distribution C
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Sheet No. 63-044-1

Tube Hot Face Surface Temperature
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Sheet No. 74-015-A-1

Metal Temperatures in Furnace Walls
A. Plain Tubes
Sheet No. 893-1, Page 19, is for tangent tubes with a cosine shading effect. Metal temperatures were calculated by a
series solution to the general heat conduction problem through a curved plate.
B. Fusion Welded Walls
The fusion welded furnace wall standards are based on modified shading and transverse heat flow from the web. The
web is 1/4” thick on centerline of wall tube and of the same material as the tube.
Metal temperatures were calculated by a relaxation solution of a heat balance across the tube.
The following is a list of current standards. The web center metal temperature will not limit the design over the range of
tube diameters and wall thicknesses of these standards unless the web exceeds 1/2” in width.
1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4” Centers, T-11 - 1/2” Wide Web

Sheet No. Metal Temperature Difference Page No.
65-031-1 (Tube crown outside) - (bulk fluid) 31
65-032-1 (Tube crown mid-wall) - (bulk fluid) 32
65-037-1 (Tube crown inside) - (bulk fluid) 33
65-043-1 (Overall section mean wall) - (bulk fluid) 34
1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210 - 1/2” Wide Web
83-002 (Tube crown outside) - (bulk fluid) 39
83-003 (Tube crown mid-wall) - (bulk fluid) 40
83-004 (Tube crown inside) - (bulk fluid) 41
83-005 (Overall section mean wall) - (bulk fluid) 42
83-006 (Web center) - (bulk fluid) 43
2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210 - 1/2” Wide Web
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Sheet No. 74-015-B

Metal Temperatures in Furnace Walls (Cont.)
2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210 - 1/2” Wide Web

Sheet No. Metal Temperature Difference Page No.
79-001 (Tube crown outside) - (bulk fluid) 52
79-002 (Tube crown mid-wall) - (bulk fluid) 53
79-003 (Tube crown inside) - (bulk fluid) 54
79-004 (Overall section mean wall) - (bulk fluid) 55
79-005 (Web center) - (bulk fluid) 56
2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T-11 (Center Wall, Absorbing Heat from Both Sides) - 3/8” Wide
Web
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Combined Circulation Units - 1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4”
Metal Temperature Standards for Centers
Fusion Welded Walls – Notes
Definitions The fishnet curves are based on T11 material with a
conductivity of 208.8 Btu-in/hr-ft2 - 0F at approximately
The following metal temperatures are presented in the 10000 F.
form of ∆T above the bulk fluid temperature, Tf.
The fishnet curves for metal temperature of T-11 material
1. Crown outside temperature, To must be adjusted at all temperatures by the below
2. Crown mid-wall temperature, Tm procedure “Material and Temperature Variations.” since
3. Crown inside temperature, TI the current conductivity value for T-11 at 1000°F is 236.4
4. Overall section mean wall temperature, T BTU-in/hr-Ft2-°F and the curves were drawn for 208.8
5. Web center temperature, Tw (significant only if w > BTU-in/hr-Ft2-°F.
1/2”)
Drum Type Units - 1-3/4”, 2” and 2-1/2” O. D. with 1/2”
For location of To, Tm, TI and Tw see Figure 1. Crown Wide Web; 1-3/4” and 2-3/4” O. D. with 5/8” Wide Web
outside and inside temperature and web center The fishnet curves are based on SA-210 material with
temperature are surface temperatures. The mid-wall a conductivity of 285.6 Btu-in/hr-ft2 - 0F at approximately
temperature occurs halfway between inside and outside 7500 F.
surface. It should not be confused with the mean wall
temperature referred to in the ASME Boiler Code. It is Since the current conductivity value for Carbon steel at
always higher than the mean wall temperature (within 50 F 750 °F is 284.4 BTU-in/hr-Ft2-°F, no conductivity
for carbon steel, somewhat more for alloy steel). The adjustment is required when using the fishnet curves for
overall section mean wall temperature, T, is an integrated metal temperature of carbon steel fusion welded walls at
mean value for the entire section consisting of tube and temperatures near 750 °F.
web.
Center Walls - 2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers
These fishnet curves are for walls heated on both
Figure 1 sides and are based on T11 material with a conductivity of
208.8 Btu-in/hr-ft2 - 0F at approximately 10000 F.
The fishnet curves for metal temperature of T-11 material
must be adjusted at all temperatures by the below
procedure “Material and Temperature Variations.” since
the current conductivity value for T-11 at 1000°F is 236.4
BTU-in/hr-Ft2-°F and the curves were drawn for 208.8
BTU-in/hr-Ft2-°F.
Material and Temperature Variations
For other similar materials or other temperatures than
those for which the curves are drawn, the crown outside
and mid-wall temperature may be approximated by the
Tube Wall Thickness following equations:
(To - TI) corr = [(To - Tf) curve - (Ti - Tf) curve] x (conductivity ratio)
The tube wall thickness, t, used on the metal
temperature curves shall be the average wall thickness (Tm - TI) corr = [(Tm - Tf) curve - (Ti - Tf) curve] x (conductivity
rather than the minimum wall thickness. ratio)
Heat Rates
The conductivity ratio is the conductivity used to
The ∆T above bulk fluid temperature is based on an develop the curves divided by the actual conductivity taken
outside heat absorption rate of 100,000 Btu/hr-ft2 and from Sheet No. 848-3 (Pages 16 and 17). This correction
can be considered proportional to the heat absorption rate neglects the effect of a change in metal conductivity on the
with reasonable accuracy within a factor of 3, thereby heat flow pattern and thereby on the film drop.
giving the charts an effective heat absorption range from
35,000 to 300,000 Btu/hr-ft2.
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Sheet No. 74-016-B-1

Continued from Sheet 74-016-A-4 (Page 29)
Interpolation Procedure
To interpolate values observe the following features:
1. Along every line of constant wall thickness the distance between intersections with two adjacent vertical lines represents
100 Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F differential in film conductance.
Example: t = 0.300”. Find ∆T at h = 1700, 2300, 2800 Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F.

The values are shown in Figure 2 and tabulated below.
t = 0.300” h = 1700 ∆T = 1910 F

t = 0.300” h = 2300 ∆T = 1720 F
t = 0.300” h = 2800 ∆T = 1630 F
2. Along every line of constant film conductance the distance between intersections with two adjacent vertical lines represent
0.004” differential in wall thickness.
Example: h = 2500 Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F. Find ∆T at t = 0.230”, 0.248” and 0.264”.

The values are shown in Figure 2 and tabulated below.
h = 2500 t = 0.230” ∆T = 1360 F

h = 2500 t = 0.248” ∆T = 1440 F
h = 2500 t = 0.264” ∆T = 1520 F
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Sheet No. 65-031-1

Metal Temperature - Fusion Welded Furnace Wall
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Sheet No. 65-032-1

1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4” Centers, T11

(Tube Crown Mid-Wall Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
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Sheet No. 65-037-1

1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4” Centers, T11

(Tube Crown Inside Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
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Sheet No. 65-043-1

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Sheet No. 65-033-1

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210

(Tube Crown Outside Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
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Sheet No. 65-034-1

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
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Sheet No. 65-038-1

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
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Sheet No. 65-044-1

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210

(Overall Section Mean Wall Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2 - Thermal Expansion Calculations
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PAGE : 39 OF 101
Sheet No. 83-002

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 40 OF 101
Sheet No. 83-003

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 41 OF 101
Sheet No. 83-004

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 42 OF 101
Sheet No. 83-005

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 43 OF 101
Sheet No. 83-006

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210

(Web Center Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 44 OF 101
Sheet No. 74-017-1

2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 45 OF 101
Sheet No. 74-018-1

2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 46 OF 101
Sheet No. 74-019-1

2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
These curves may also be used for 2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 47 OF 101
Sheet No. 74-020-1

2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2 - For Thermal Expansion Calculations
These curves may also be used for 2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 48 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-035-1

2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 49 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-036-1

2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 50 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-039-1

2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 51 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-045-1

2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
For Thermal Expansion Calculations
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 52 OF 101
Sheet No. 79-001

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 53 OF 101
Sheet No. 79-002

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 54 OF 101
Sheet No. 79-003

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 55 OF 101
Sheet No. 79-004

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210

For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 56 OF 101
Sheet No. 79-005

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210

(Web Center Temperature) - (Fluid Bulk Temperature)
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 57 OF 101
Sheet No. 67-007-2

Metal Temperature - Fusion Welded Center Wall
2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T-11
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 58 OF 101
Sheet No. 67-008-2

2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T-11
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 59 OF 101
Sheet No. 67-009-2

2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T-11
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 60 OF 101
Sheet No. 67-011-2

2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T-11
For Q = 100,000 Btu/hr - ft2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 61 OF 101
Supercritical Water Wall Metal Temperature The maximum local rate vertical profile is used
Calculations for Water Walls of Combined to obtain the absorption rate for metal temperature
Circulation Units calculations. This rate is used for all of the
following:
The inside film coefficient in the supercritical 1. Tube crown outside metal temperature, To.
range is to be determined by the method suggested
by Styrikovitch, Miropoisky and Schitzman; Heat 2. Tube crown mean metal temperature, Tm.
Transfer in the Critical Pressure Region under Forced
Circulation; VGB (German) Volume 61, August 3. Tube crown inside metal temperature, Ti.
1959.
The procedure is as follows:
1. Estimate the film conductance (as a first

BTU
approximation 2500 is suggested).
Hr − Ft 2 − o F
2. Determine inside crown metal temperature from

Sheet No 65-037-1, Page 33 with adjustment for
heat absorption rate based on Sheet No. 74-016-A-
4, Page 29, Heat Rates.
Ti = T bulk + ∆T
(DG)0.8
3. Evaluate 0.023 from Sheet No. 65-
D
040, Page 62.
4. Evaluate (K/µ0.8) at fluid bulk temperature from

Sheet No. 65-041-1, Page 63.
5. Evaluate (Prandtl Number)0.8 from Sheet No. 65-

042, Page 64 using TI and T bulk. Use the lower of
these two values.
6. Determine film conductance by

( DG ) 0.8 K
h = 0.023 x ( 0.8 ) Bulk x (Pr) 0.8 Minimum
D µ
7. Compare results with estimated value of

Paragraph (1), above. If different, re-estimate film
conductance and repeat sequence until agreement is
obtained.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 62 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-040

Inside Film Conductance Supercritical Range
( DG ) 0.8 K K
h = 0.023 x ( 0.8 ) Bulk x (Pr) 0.8 Minimum with ( ) Bulk
D µ µ .8
0
from Sheet No. 65-041-1, Page 63 and (Pr)0.8 from Sheet No. 65-042, Page 64
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 63 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-041-1

1.15
1.1
1.05
0.95
0.9 4100 PSIA

⎛ K ⎞
0.85
4000 PSIA ⎜ ⎟ vs Fluid Temperature
3900 PSIA ⎜ µ 0.8 ⎟
0.8
3500 PSIA 3800 PSIA
⎝ ⎠
0.75
⎛ K ⎞ 0.7
⎜ ⎟
⎜ µ 0.8 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ 0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
0.4
600 625 650 675 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1000 1025 1050 1075 1100
Fluid Temperature - °F
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 64 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-042

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 65 OF 101
Sheet No. 76-021-1

The following performance data must be
Metal Temperatures in Peg Fins and Fin Welded obtained for the point of interest from the input or
Walls - Notes computed results of the steam generator program
(SGP):
The metal temperature standards and RC - Convection Transfer Rate, Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F

calculation procedure in this section apply to peg RN - Non-luminous Radiation Transfer Rate,
fins and fin welded walls heated from one side only Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F
and are used to calculate fin tip temperature and the Tg - Gas Temperature, 0F
temperature difference from fin tip to fin base. Tf - Fluid Bulk Temperature, 0F
These standards are based on both empirical and (For water cooled walls use saturation or
mathematical derivations as follows: supercritical fluid temperature.)
1. Sheet Nos. 76-011-1, Page 68 and 76-012-1, Also obtain fluid flow per tube (lb/hr) and fluid
Page 69 which are used to determine the tube crown pressure (psig).
outside temperature were mathematically derived
assuming radial heat flow.
2. Sheet No. 65-056-3, Page 70 which is used to

determine the temperature at the fin base, is an
empirical curve that includes film conductance,
metal conductivity and tube wall thickness variations
without specifically identifying them. While
variations in these parameters are considered minor
in most cases, an extreme deviation seems to lead to
a conservative prediction in the base temperature of
the fin.
3. Sheet No. 65-057-2, Page 71 which is used to

determine the fin tip temperature, was
mathematically derived assuming the gas side heat
transfer rate is constant along the fin width.
The following geometrical data must be known

(see Sheet No. 76-023, Page 67):
t - fin thickness, inch

W - fin width, inch
L - fin length, inch (peg fin only)
Do - tube outside diameter, inch
DI - tube inside diameter, inch
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 66 OF 101
Sheet No. 76-022-2

PW 2 ( 2t + L)W 2
Metal Temperatures in Peg Fins and Fin Welded for peg fin =
Walls kf A k f Lt
Prediction of Fin Base and Fin Tip

PW 2 W2
Metal Temperatures for fin welded wall reduces to
kfA kft
1. Evaluate RT - total transfer rate, Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F
(1) 8. Predict Tt - fin tip metal temperature, 0F from
Sheet No 65-057-2, Page 71 and compare to the
a. for banks, RT = RC + RN maximum fin metal temperature allowed by Sheet
b. for cavities, RT = RN No. 65-062-2, Page 85.
2. Obtain hI - Inside Film Conductance, Btu/hr- 9. Evaluate fin tip to fin base temperature
ft2 - 0F difference (∆T = Tt - Tb) and compare to the
allowable temperature difference obtained from
a. for steam cooled walls use Sheet Nos. 64- either Sheet No. 65-060-2, Page 86 or 65-061-2,
008-2, Page 9, 82-005-A, Page 10 and 82- Page 87.
005-B, Page 11.
b. for nucleate boiling use Sheet No. 72-
006-1, Page 12. (2)
3. Obtain kt - Tube Metal Conductivity,

Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F from Sheet No. 848-3, Page 16 at
temperature of Tf + 500 F.
(1) See H. R. Akel, Report PS 75-15 and B. F. Love, Report PS
78-3.
hD
4. Evaluate Biot Number, NB = i i
kt
(2) Assume a local outside absorption rate, (Q/A)o = RT
(Tg - To). Check this assumption using the actual To
5. Obtain To - Crown Outside Tube Metal calculated in Step 5.
Temperature, 0F from Sheet Nos. 76-011-1, Page 68
and 76-012-1, Page 69.
6. Predict Tb - Fin Base Metal Temperature, 0F from

Sheet No. 65-056-3, Page 70.
PW 2
7. Calculate parameter
kfA
where: kf - Fin Metal Conductivity, Btu-
in/hr-ft2 - 0F
P - Perimeter of Heat Fin Surface, inch
A - Fin Cross-sectional area, inch2
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 67 OF 101
Sheet No. 76-023

Fin Geometry and Temperature Locations
Heat Absorption from One Side Only
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 68 OF 101
Sheet No. 76-011-1

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 69 OF 101
Sheet No. 76-012-1

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 70 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-056-3

Fin Base Temperature
Peg Fins and Fin Welded Walls - Heated from One Side Only
2.5
Tb − T f
To − Tf
1.5
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
W/t
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 71 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-057-2

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 72 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-026-1

PW w 2(t + L )W 2
Metal Temperatures in Lugs and Fins - Heated a. For Rectangular Lugs =
from Both Sides kfA k fLt
Prediction of Lug Base and where L, W and t are dimensions of the lug (see
Lug Tip Metal Temperatures Sheet No. 78-027, Page 73).
1. Evaluate RT - Total Transfer Rate, Btu/hr-ft2

PW 2 SW
- 0F b. For Irregular Shaped Lugs =
kfA kfA
RT = RC + RN
where S = Gas Touches Surface of Lug, inch2
2. Obtain hI - Inside Film Conductance, Btu/hr- W = Length of Maximum Heat Flow Path
ft2 - 0F from lug tip to base, inch
a. for steam cooled walls use Sheet Nos. 64- To evaluate W draw a line which is
008-2, Page 9, 82-005-A, Page 10 and 82- approximately equidistant from both boundaries of
005-B, Page 11. the lug.
b. For nucleate boiling use Sheet No. 72-
006-1, Page 12. (1) 8. Predict Tt - fin tip metal temperature, 0F from
Sheet No 65-057-2, Page 71 and compare to the
3. Obtain kt - Tube Metal Conductivity, maximum fin metal temperature allowed by Sheet
Btu-in/hr-ft2 - 0F from Sheet No. 848-3, Page 16 at No. 65-062-2, Page 85.
temperature of Tf + 500 F.
(1) Assume a local outside absorption rate (Q/A)o = RT
(Tg - To). Check this assumption using the actual To
hD
4. Evaluate Biot Number, NB = i i calculated in Step 5.
kt
2hg
5. Obtain To - Crown Outside Tube Metal (2) For Ring Lugs calculate parameter α = h
kf tf
Temperature, 0F from Sheet Nos. 76-011-1, Page 68
where h = lug height, inch
and 76-012-1, Page 69.
hg = gas side convection coefficient,
Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F
6. Predict Tb - Fin Base Metal Temperature, 0F from
tf = lug thickness, inch
Sheet No. 78-028-1, Page 74.
Df Fin Outside Diameter
PW 2 Also calculate =
7. Calculate parameter (2) Do Tube Outside Diameter
kfA
where: kf - Metal Conductivity of Lug, θt
Btu/hr-ft2 - 0F Fin parameter from curve on Sheet No. 76-009,
θb
P - Perimeter of Heat Lug Surface, inch
Page 29, Standard No. 6-96, Index 21.10.
A - Lug Cross-sectional area, inch2
Then calculate Tip Temperature from equation
θ
Tt = Tg - t (Tg - Tb)
θb
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 73 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-027

Geometry of Lugs
Heated from Both Sides
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 74 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-028-1

Lug or Fin Base Temperature
Both Sides Heated - Fully Exposed to Gas Stream
Tb − T f
To − Tf
3
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
W/t
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 75 OF 101
Sheet No. 69-008-1
Temperature Limits for tubing

and Header Materials
Designed Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Code Section I, Power Boilers
The maximum metal or hot face temperature

of tubing and header materials shall be limited as
shown on Sheet Nos. 64-007-2, Pages 76 & 77, 64-
007-A-4, Pages 78 & 79 and 64-007-B-3, Page No.
80.
This maximum allowable metal temperature

has been established by considering the following
factors:
A. Surface oxidation (wastage) as determined by

behavior analysis of ferritic and austenitic materials
under operating conditions. The limits are based on
achieving satisfactory life even though some
wastage is expected.
B. Metallurgical instability such as graphitization

(carbon and carbon-moly) in relation to several
factors including the current use of steel mill
deoxidation processes and heat treatment after
fabrication.
The minimum wall thickness of tubing and

headers shall not be less than the minimum
calculated by the appropriate formula in the ASME
Boiler Code using Code allowable stresses at the
highest mid-wall temperature. In some cases
additional wall thickness or additional temperature
margins may be required to sustain other
mechanical and thermal loads. These shall be
evaluated by other ALSTOM Power standards.
Use of each material up to the top limits

shown on Sheet No. 64-007-2, Pages 76 & 77 does
not always produce the lowest cost installation. In
some cases a higher alloy with higher allowable
stress may permit enough reduction of wall thickness
to offset the greater cost per pound.
Standards on materials and temperature limits

for fins are covered on Sheet No. 65-062-2, Page 85.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 76 OF 101
Sheet No. 64-007-2

Temperature and Sizing Limits for Tubing Materials
Heat Non-Heat
Absorbing Surface Absorbing Surface
Material ASME Spec. Temp F * OD Size Temp F OD Size Remarks
Carbon Steel SA-105 -- -- 800 -- For miscellaneous parts; e.g., flow nozzles, thermowells,
Pitot tubes, etc..
SA-106-B -- -- -- -- Permitted as substitute for SA-210 as non-heat absorbing
tubing if O. D. > 3”.
SA-178-A -- -- -- -- Subject to temperature and use limitations.
SA-178-C -- -- -- --
SA-178-D -- -- -- --
SA-192 800 > 4” 800 > 4” Limited to maximum 7” O. D.
850 ≤ 4” 850 ≤ 4”
SA-210-A1 and 800 > 4” 800 > 4” Limited to maximum 5” O. D.
SA-210-C
SA-210-C and 850 ≤ 4” 850 ≤ 4”
SA-210-A1
Carbon Moly SA-209, T1 and 900 ≤ 3” 900 ≤ 3”

SA-209, T1a
1 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-213, T12 1025 ≤ 3” 1025 ≤ 3”

** 1025 ≤ 3.5” 1025 ≤ .5” ERW tubing 100% weld efficiency - Code Case 2041
** 1025 ≤ 3” 1025 ≤ 3” ERW tubing 85% weld efficiency - Code Case 2041
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-213, T11 1025 ≤ 3” 1025 ≤ 3”

** 1025 ≤ 3.5” 1025 ≤ .5” ERW tubing 100% weld efficiency
** 1025 ≤ 3” 1025 ≤ 3” ERW tubing 85% weld efficiency
2-1/4 Cr-1Mo SA-213, T22 1100 ≤ 3” 1130 ≤ 3”

** 1100 ≤ 3.5” 1130 ≤ .5” ERW tubing 100% weld efficiency
** 1100 ≤ 3” 1130 ≤ 3” ERW tubing 85% weld efficiency
* For Hot Face Temperature Calculation. See Sheet No. 63-044-1, Page 26.
** Not Formally Incorporated into ASME Code. Material Approved for Use Per Previously Passed Code Cases.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 77 OF 101
Sheet No. 64-007-2
Temperature and Sizing Limits for Tubing Materials (Cont.)
Heat Non-Heat
Material ASME Spec. Temp F * OD Size Temp F OD Size Remarks
2-1/4 Cr-1.6W-V-Cb SA-213, T23 1100 ≤ 3” 1130 ≤ 3” Code Case 2199
9 Cr-1 Mo SA-213, T9 1175 ≤ 3” 1175 ≤ 3”
9 Cr-1 Mo. V SA-213, T91 1200 ≤ 3” 1200 ≤ 3”
9 Cr-2W SA-213, T92 1200 ≤ 3.5” 1200 ≤ 3.5” Code Case 2179
12 Cr-2W SA-213, T122 1200 ≤ 3.5” 1200 ≤ 3.5” Code Case 2180
18 Cr-8 Ni SA-213, TP304H 1400 ≤ 3” 1400 ≤ 3”
18 Cr-10 Ni Cb SA-213, TP347H 1400 ≤ 3” 1400 ≤ 3”
18 Cr-10 Ni Ti SA-213, TP321H 1400 ≤ 3” 1400 ≤ 3”
16 Cr-12 Ni-2 Mo SA-213, TP316H 1400 ≤ 3” 1400 ≤ 3”
* For Hot Face Temperature Calculation. See Sheet No. 63-044-1, Page 26.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 78 OF 101

Temperature and Sizing Limits for Header and Appurtenance Materials
Heat Non-Heat
Material ASME Spec. Temp F OD Size Temp F OD Size Remarks
Carbon Steel SA-105 800 1/2” to 24” 800 1/2” to 24” * For headers, appurtenances, flanges, fittings, valves, etc.
SA-106-B 800 1/2” to 24” 800 1/2” to 24” For headers and appurtenances.
SA-106-C 800 1/2” to 24” 800 1/2” to 24” For headers and appurtenances.
SA-178-A -- -- -- -- For appurtenances subject to tube temperature and use
limitations.
SA-192, -- -- -- -- For header appurtenances subject to tube temperature limitations.
SA-210-A-1 -- -- -- --
SA-210-C -- -- -- --
SA-216, WCB -- -- 800 ≥ 6-7/8” ID For headers.
SA-299 -- -- 800 -- Only for drums.
SA-515, 70 800 ≥ 6-7/8” ID 800 ≥ 6-7/8” ID For headers and appurtenances.
SA-516, 70 -- -- 800 -- Only for drums for which Customer has specified this material and
which require guaranteed and/or verified fracture toughness
properties. Maximum thickness 8”.
Carbon Moly SA-204-C -- -- 850 -- Only for lower water wall spheres on combined circulation boilers.
1 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-335, P12 1025 1/2” to 24” 1025 1/2” to 24” * For header appurtenances.
SA-369, FP12 1025 1/2” to 24” 1025 1/2” to 24” * For header appurtenances.
SA-387, 12 CL. 2 1025 ≥ 6-7/8” ID 1025 ≥ 6-7/8” ID For header appurtenances.
SA-182, F12 1025 -- 1025 -- For header appurtenances, flanges, fittings, valves, etc.
Thickness Limitation for all Ferritic Materials: a. 6” Maximum in Base Loaded Units
b. 3-1/2” Maximum in Peaking or Two Shift Units
If these thicknesses are exceeded, contact Performance Design Engineering for approval.
Austenitic Steels: Consult with Performance Design Engineering before using this material for headers.
* Obtainable in larger O. D. on special request.

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 79 OF 101

Temperature and Sizing Limits for Header and Appurtenance Materials (Cont.)
Heat Non-Heat
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-213, T11 -- -- -- -- For header appurtenances subject to tube temperature limitations, etc.
SA-217, WC6 -- -- 1025 ≥ 6-7/8” ID For headers.
SA-335, P11 1025 1/2” to 24” 1025 1/2” to 24” * Used as substitute for P12 material.
SA-369, FP11 1025 1/2” to 24” 1025 1/2” to 24” * Used as substitute for FP12 material.
SA-182, F11 1025 -- 1025 -- For header appurtenances, flanges, fittings, valves.
2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo SA-213, T22 -- -- -- -- For header appurtenances subject to tube temperature limitations.
SA-217, WC9 -- -- 1130 ≥ 6-7/8” ID For headers.
SA-335, P22 -- -- 1130 1/2” to 24” *
SA-369, FP22 -- -- 1130 1/2” to 24”
SA-387, 22 CL. 1 -- -- 1130 ≥ 6-7/8” ID
SA-182, F22 -- -- 1130 -- For header appurtenances, flanges, fittings, valves, etc.
9 Cr-1 Mo-V SA-335, P91 -- -- 1200 -- For headers.
Thickness limitation for all ferritic materials:

a. 6” Maximum in Base Loaded Units
b. 3-1/2” Maximum in Peaking or Two Shift Units
If these thicknesses are exceeded, contact Performance Design Engineering for approval.
Austenitic Steels: Consult with Performance Design Engineering before using this material for headers.

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 80 OF 101

Temperature and Sizing Limits for Connecting Piping and Link Materials
Heat Non-Heat
Carbon Steel SA-105 -- -- 800 -- For miscellaneous parts, e.g., Pitot tubes, thermowells, flow nozzles, etc.
SA-106-B -- -- 800 1/2” to 24”
SA-106-C -- -- -- 1/2” to 5” Subject to tube temperature and use limitations.
SA-192 -- -- 800 4” to 7”
850 1/2” to < 4”
SA-210-A1 -- -- 800 4” to 5”
SA-210-C -- -- 850 1/2” to < 4”
SA-216 WCB -- -- 800 6-7/8” ID
SA-515, 70 -- -- 800 > 6-7/8” ID
1 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-335, P12 -- -- 1025 1/2” to 24” *
SA-369, FP12 -- -- 1025 -- Also for fittings.
SA-387, 12 CL. 2 -- -- 1025 > 6-7/8” ID
SA-182, F12 -- -- 1025 -- For flanges, fittings, valves, etc.
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo SA-213, T11 -- -- 1025 1/2” to 5
SA-335, P11 -- -- 1025 1/2” to 24” * Used as substitute for P12 material.
SA-369, FP11 -- -- 1025 -- Used as substitute for FP12 material.
SA-217, WC6 -- -- 1025 > 6-7/8” ID
2-1/4 Cr-1 Mo SA-213, T22 -- -- 1130 1/2” to 5”
SA-335, P22 -- -- 1130 1/2” to 24” *
SA-369, FP22 -- -- 1130 -- Also for fittings.
SA-387, 22 CL. 1 -- -- 1130 > 6-7/8” ID
SA-217, WC9 -- -- 1130 > 6-7/8” ID
9 Cr-1 Mo-V SA-335, P91 -- -- 1200
Austenitic Steels: Consult with Performance Design Engineering before using this material for connecting piping and links.

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 81 OF 101
Sheet No. 75-001-5

e= Thickness factor expanded tube ends.
Minimum Tube Wall Thickness
e = 0.0 for tubes strength-welded to headers
In Accordance with PWT-10 of the or drums.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section I, 2001 Edition, 2003 Addenda e = 0.0 for tubes expanded into tube seats.
Except: for the diameters and wall thicknesses in
The minimum tube wall thickness at the shaded areas on Sheet Nos. 78-029-A-3, Page 82
maximum allowable working pressure for carbon or and 78-029-B-2, Page 83 an additional thickness of
alloy steel tubes or nipples subjected to internal 0.04” must be added over the length of the tube
pressure for watertube boilers, economizers, seat plus at least 1” to compensate for thinning of
superheaters and reheaters shall be determined in tube ends due to the expanding process.
accordance with PG-27.2.1 in Section I of the Code
from the following formula: The values of P/S are tabulated for specific
wall thicknesses and tube diameters on Sheet Nos.
PD 78-029-A-3, Page 82, 78-029-B-2, Page 83 and 78-
t= + 0.005D + e or
2S + P 029-C-3, Page 84.
⎡ 2t − 0.01D − 2e ⎤
P = S⎢ ⎥
⎣ D − (t − 0.005D − e ) ⎦
where:
t = minimum required thickness, inch. If the

thickness is greater than 1/2 the inside radius and
the design metal temperature is less than 705.40 F,
the above equations do not apply. Use instead the
formulas given in Appendix A-125 in Section I of the
Code.
D = Outside diameter of tube, inch. If the outside

diameter exceeds 5”, refer to PWT-10.2 in Section I
of the Code.
P= Maximum allowable working pressure, psi.
S = Maximum allowable working stress at

maximum expected mean wall temperature for tubes
absorbing heat. For tubes not absorbing heat, the
wall temperature may be taken as the temperature
of the fluid within the tube but not less than
saturation temperature. Stress values for various
materials are given in Standard No. 6-2003 and 7-
99, Index 21.8.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 82 OF 101

‘P/S’ Values for Tubing
In Accordance with PG-27.2.1 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section I
MIN. TUBE OUTSIDE DIAMETER IN INCHES MIN.
THK. THK.
IN. 1.0000 1.1250 1.2500 1.3750 1.5000 1.6250 1.7500 1.8750 2.0000 2.1250 2.2500 2.3750 IN.
0.0950 0.1978 0.1726 0.1529 0.1370 0.1239 0.1130 0.1037 0.0957 0.0888 0.0827 0.0773 0.0725 0.0950
0.1050 0.2222 0.1938 0.1716 0.1537 0.1390 0.1268 0.1164 0.1075 0.0997 0.0930 0.0870 0.0816 0.1050
0.1090 0.2321 0.2024 0.1791 0.1605 0.1452 0.1324 0.1215 0.1122 0.1042 0.0971 0.0908 0.0853 0.1090
0.1100 0.2346 0.2045 0.1810 0.1622 0.1467 0.1338 0.1228 0.1134 0.1053 0.0981 0.0918 0.0862 0.1100
0.1250 0.2727 0.2374 0.2099 0.1880 0.1700 0.1550 0.1423 0.1314 0.1220 0.1138 0.1065 0.1000 0.1250
0.1330 0.2936 0.2554 0.2257 0.2020 0.1826 0.1665 0.1529 0.1412 0.1311 0.1222 0.1144 0.1075 0.1330
0.1350 0.2989 0.2599 0.2297 0.2055 0.1858 0.1694 0.1555 0.1436 0.1333 0.1243 0.1164 0.1094 0.1350
0.1490 0.2921 0.2578 0.2306 0.2083 0.1898 0.1743 0.1609 0.1494 0.1393 0.1304 0.1225 0.1490
0.1500 0.2945 0.2599 0.2324 0.2099 0.1913 0.1756 0.1622 0.1505 0.1404 0.1314 0.1235 0.1500
0.1600 0.3181 0.2805 0.2506 0.2263 0.2062 0.1892 0.1747 0.1622 0.1512 0.1416 0.1330 0.1600
0.1650 0.3301 0.2910 0.2599 0.2346 0.2137 0.1961 0.1810 0.1680 0.1567 0.1467 0.1378 0.1650
0.1700 0.3422 0.3015 0.2692 0.2430 0.2213 0.2030 0.1874 0.1739 0.1622 0.1518 0.1427 0.1700
0.1800 0.3669 0.3229 0.2881 0.2599 0.2366 0.2169 0.2002 0.1858 0.1732 0.1622 0.1524 0.1800
0.1830 0.3744 0.3294 0.2938 0.2650 0.2412 0.2212 0.2041 0.1894 0.1766 0.1653 0.1553 0.1830
0.1850 0.3794 0.3337 0.2977 0.2684 0.2443 0.2240 0.2067 0.1918 0.1788 0.1674 0.1573 0.1850
0.1880 0.3870 0.3403 0.3034 0.2736 0.2489 0.2282 0.2106 0.1954 0.1821 0.1705 0.1602 0.1880
0.1900 0.3447 0.3073 0.2770 0.2521 0.2311 0.2132 0.1978 0.1844 0.1726 0.1622 0.1900
0.1980 0.3624 0.3229 0.2910 0.2646 0.2425 0.2237 0.2075 0.1934 0.1810 0.1701 0.1980
0.2000 0.3669 0.3268 0.2945 0.2678 0.2454 0.2263 0.2099 0.1957 0.1831 0.1720 0.2000
0.2030 0.3736 0.3327 0.2997 0.2725 0.2497 0.2303 0.2136 0.1991 0.1863 0.1750 0.2030
0.2060 0.3804 0.3387 0.3050 0.2773 0.2541 0.2343 0.2173 0.2025 0.1895 0.1780 0.2060
0.2140 0.3987 0.3547 0.3193 0.2901 0.2657 0.2450 0.2272 0.2117 0.1981 0.1860 0.2140
0.2160 0.4033 0.3587 0.3229 0.2934 0.2687 0.2477 0.2297 0.2140 0.2002 0.1881 0.2160
0.2200 0.4125 0.3669 0.3301 0.2999 0.2746 0.2531 0.2346 0.2186 0.2045 0.1921 0.2200
0.2250 0.4242 0.3771 0.3392 0.3080 0.2820 0.2599 0.2409 0.2244 0.2099 0.1972 0.2250
0.2360 0.4504 0.3999 0.3594 0.3262 0.2985 0.2750 0.2548 0.2373 0.2219 0.2084 0.2360
0.2400 0.4600 0.4083 0.3669 0.3329 0.3045 0.2805 0.2599 0.2420 0.2263 0.2125 0.2400
0.2470 0.4771 0.4232 0.3800 0.3447 0.3152 0.2903 0.2689 0.2503 0.2341 0.2198 0.2470
0.2500 0.4845 0.4296 0.3857 0.3498 0.3198 0.2945 0.2727 0.2539 0.2374 0.2229 0.2500
0.2530 0.4361 0.3914 0.3549 0.3244 0.2987 0.2766 0.2575 0.2408 0.2260 0.2530
0.2560 0.4425 0.3971 0.3600 0.3291 0.3029 0.2805 0.2611 0.2441 0.2291 0.2560
0.2580 0.4469 0.4010 0.3634 0.3322 0.3057 0.2831 0.2635 0.2463 0.2312 0.2580
0.2600 0.4513 0.4048 0.3669 0.3353 0.3086 0.2857 0.2659 0.2486 0.2333 0.2600
0.2660 0.4644 0.4164 0.3773 0.3447 0.3171 0.2936 0.2732 0.2554 0.2396 0.2660
0.2700 0.4733 0.4242 0.3842 0.3510 0.3229 0.2989 0.2781 0.2599 0.2439 0.2700
0.2800 0.4957 0.4440 0.4018 0.3669 0.3374 0.3121 0.2903 0.2713 0.2545 0.2800
0.2820 0.5003 0.4480 0.4054 0.3701 0.3403 0.3148 0.2928 0.2736 0.2567 0.2820
0.2840 0.5048 0.4520 0.4090 0.3733 0.3432 0.3175 0.2953 0.2759 0.2588 0.2840
0.2900 0.5186 0.4641 0.4197 0.3830 0.3520 0.3256 0.3027 0.2828 0.2653 0.2900
0.2990 0.5395 0.4824 0.4361 0.3977 0.3654 0.3378 0.3140 0.2933 0.2750 0.2990
0.3000 0.5419 0.4845 0.4379 0.3993 0.3669 0.3392 0.3153 0.2945 0.2761 0.3000
0.3100 0.5052 0.4563 0.4159 0.3819 0.3529 0.3280 0.3062 0.2871 0.3100
0.3200 0.5263 0.4750 0.4327 0.3971 0.3669 0.3408 0.3181 0.2982 0.3200
0.3300 0.5478 0.4940 0.4497 0.4125 0.3810 0.3538 0.3301 0.3093 0.3300
0.3380 0.5652 0.5094 0.4635 0.4250 0.3923 0.3642 0.3398 0.3183 0.3380
Notes:
1. Expanded tube ends: for diameters and wall thicknesses that are P - Pressure, psig
shown shaded. 0.04” must be added to the thickness over the length S - Allowable Stress (ASME), psi
of the tube seat plus at least 1” to compensate for thinning of tube ends e-0
due to the expanding process. t - Minimum Tube Wall Thickness, inch
2. If thickness is greater than 1/2 the inside radius the design metal D - Tube O. D., inch
temperature is less than 705.40 F, the “P/S” values given by this standard
do not apply. Use instead the formulas given in Appendix A-125 in
Section I of the Code.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 83 OF 101

THK. THK.
IN. 2.5000 2.7500 3.0000 3.2500 3.3750 3.5000 3.7500 4.0000 4.2500 4.5000 4.7500 5.0000 IN.
0.0950 0.0683 0.0609 0.0548 0.0497 0.0474 0.0453 0.0415 0.0382 0.0353 0.0327 0.0305 0.0284 0.0950
0.1050 0.0768 0.0686 0.0619 0.0561 0.0536 0.0513 0.0471 0.0434 0.0402 0.0374 0.0348 0.0325 0.1050
0.1090 0.0803 0.0718 0.0647 0.0588 0.0561 0.0537 0.0493 0.0455 0.0422 0.0392 0.0366 0.0342 0.1090
0.1100 0.0812 0.0725 0.0654 0.0594 0.0568 0.0543 0.0499 0.0460 0.0427 0.0397 0.0370 0.0346 0.1100
0.1250 0.0942 0.0843 0.0761 0.0692 0.0662 0.0634 0.0583 0.0539 0.0500 0.0466 0.0436 0.0408 0.1250
0.1330 0.1013 0.0907 0.0819 0.0745 0.0713 0.0683 0.0628 0.0581 0.0540 0.0503 0.0471 0.0442 0.1330
0.1350 0.1030 0.0922 0.0833 0.0758 0.0725 0.0695 0.0640 0.0592 0.0550 0.0513 0.0480 0.0450 0.1350
0.1490 0.1155 0.1035 0.0935 0.0852 0.0815 0.0781 0.0720 0.0666 0.0620 0.0578 0.0542 0.0509 0.1490
0.1500 0.1164 0.1043 0.0942 0.0858 0.0821 0.0787 0.0725 0.0672 0.0625 0.0583 0.0546 0.0513 0.1500
0.1600 0.1254 0.1123 0.1016 0.0926 0.0886 0.0849 0.0783 0.0725 0.0675 0.0630 0.0591 0.0555 0.1600
0.1650 0.1299 0.1164 0.1053 0.0959 0.0918 0.0880 0.0812 0.0752 0.0700 0.0654 0.0613 0.0576 0.1650
0.1700 0.1345 0.1205 0.1090 0.0993 0.0951 0.0911 0.0841 0.0779 0.0725 0.0678 0.0635 0.0597 0.1700
0.1800 0.1436 0.1287 0.1164 0.1061 0.1016 0.0974 0.0899 0.0833 0.0776 0.0725 0.0680 0.0640 0.1800
0.1830 0.1464 0.1312 0.1186 0.1082 0.1035 0.0993 0.0916 0.0850 0.0791 0.0740 0.0694 0.0653 0.1830
0.1850 0.1482 0.1328 0.1201 0.1095 0.1049 0.1005 0.0928 0.0860 0.0801 0.0749 0.0703 0.0661 0.1850
0.1880 0.1510 0.1353 0.1224 0.1116 0.1068 0.1024 0.0945 0.0877 0.0817 0.0764 0.0716 0.0674 0.1880
0.1900 0.1529 0.1370 0.1239 0.1130 0.1081 0.1037 0.0957 0.0888 0.0827 0.0773 0.0725 0.0683 0.1900
0.1980 0.1603 0.1436 0.1299 0.1185 0.1134 0.1088 0.1004 0.0931 0.0868 0.0812 0.0762 0.0717 0.1980
0.2000 0.1622 0.1453 0.1314 0.1199 0.1147 0.1100 0.1016 0.0942 0.0878 0.0821 0.0771 0.0725 0.2000
0.2030 0.1650 0.1478 0.1337 0.1219 0.1167 0.1119 0.1033 0.0959 0.0894 0.0836 0.0784 0.0738 0.2030
0.2060 0.1678 0.1503 0.1360 0.1240 0.1187 0.1138 0.1051 0.0975 0.0909 0.0850 0.0798 0.0751 0.2060
0.2140 0.1753 0.1571 0.1421 0.1296 0.1241 0.1190 0.1099 0.1019 0.0950 0.0889 0.0834 0.0786 0.2140
0.2160 0.1772 0.1588 0.1436 0.1310 0.1254 0.1202 0.1110 0.1030 0.0960 0.0899 0.0844 0.0794 0.2160
0.2200 0.1810 0.1622 0.1467 0.1338 0.1281 0.1228 0.1134 0.1053 0.0981 0.0918 0.0862 0.0812 0.2200
0.2250 0.1858 0.1664 0.1505 0.1373 0.1314 0.1260 0.1164 0.1080 0.1007 0.0942 0.0885 0.0833 0.2250
0.2360 0.1964 0.1758 0.1591 0.1450 0.1389 0.1332 0.1230 0.1142 0.1064 0.0996 0.0935 0.0881 0.2360
0.2400 0.2002 0.1793 0.1622 0.1479 0.1416 0.1358 0.1254 0.1164 0.1085 0.1016 0.0954 0.0899 0.2400
0.2470 0.2070 0.1854 0.1676 0.1529 0.1463 0.1403 0.1296 0.1203 0.1122 0.1050 0.0986 0.0929 0.2470
0.2500 0.2099 0.1880 0.1700 0.1550 0.1484 0.1423 0.1314 0.1220 0.1138 0.1065 0.1000 0.0942 0.2500
0.2530 0.2129 0.1906 0.1723 0.1571 0.1505 0.1443 0.1333 0.1237 0.1153 0.1080 0.1014 0.0956 0.2530
0.2560 0.2158 0.1932 0.1747 0.1593 0.1525 0.1463 0.1351 0.1254 0.1169 0.1095 0.1028 0.0969 0.2560
0.2580 0.2178 0.1950 0.1763 0.1607 0.1539 0.1476 0.1363 0.1265 0.1180 0.1104 0.1037 0.0978 0.2580
0.2600 0.2198 0.1967 0.1779 0.1622 0.1553 0.1489 0.1375 0.1277 0.1190 0.1114 0.1047 0.0986 0.2600
0.2660 0.2257 0.2020 0.1826 0.1665 0.1594 0.1529 0.1412 0.1311 0.1222 0.1144 0.1075 0.1013 0.2660
0.2700 0.2297 0.2055 0.1858 0.1694 0.1622 0.1555 0.1436 0.1333 0.1243 0.1164 0.1094 0.1030 0.2700
0.2800 0.2396 0.2144 0.1938 0.1766 0.1691 0.1622 0.1498 0.1390 0.1297 0.1214 0.1140 0.1075 0.2800
0.2820 0.2416 0.2162 0.1954 0.1781 0.1705 0.1635 0.1510 0.1402 0.1307 0.1224 0.1150 0.1084 0.2820
0.2840 0.2437 0.2180 0.1970 0.1796 0.1719 0.1648 0.1522 0.1413 0.1318 0.1234 0.1159 0.1093 0.2840
0.2900 0.2497 0.2233 0.2018 0.1840 0.1761 0.1689 0.1559 0.1448 0.1350 0.1264 0.1188 0.1119 0.2900
0.2990 0.2589 0.2315 0.2091 0.1906 0.1824 0.1749 0.1615 0.1500 0.1398 0.1309 0.1230 0.1160 0.2990
0.3000 0.2599 0.2324 0.2099 0.1913 0.1831 0.1756 0.1622 0.1505 0.1404 0.1314 0.1235 0.1164 0.3000
0.3100 0.2701 0.2415 0.2181 0.1987 0.1902 0.1824 0.1684 0.1563 0.1458 0.1365 0.1283 0.1209 0.3100
0.3200 0.2805 0.2506 0.2263 0.2062 0.1974 0.1892 0.1747 0.1622 0.1512 0.1416 0.1330 0.1254 0.3200
0.3300 0.2910 0.2599 0.2346 0.2137 0.2045 0.1961 0.1810 0.1680 0.1567 0.1467 0.1378 0.1299 0.3300
0.3380 0.2994 0.2673 0.2413 0.2198 0.2103 0.2016 0.1861 0.1727 0.1611 0.1508 0.1417 0.1336 0.3380
0.3500 0.3121 0.2786 0.2514 0.2289 0.2190 0.2099 0.1938 0.1798 0.1677 0.1570 0.1475 0.1390 0.3500
0.3600 0.3229 0.2881 0.2599 0.2366 0.2263 0.2169 0.2002 0.1858 0.1732 0.1622 0.1524 0.1436 0.3600
0.3640 0.3272 0.2919 0.2633 0.2396 0.2293 0.2198 0.2028 0.1882 0.1754 0.1642 0.1543 0.1455 0.3640
0.3700 0.3337 0.2977 0.2684 0.2443 0.2337 0.2240 0.2067 0.1918 0.1788 0.1674 0.1573 0.1482 0.3700
0.3800 0.3447 0.3073 0.2770 0.2521 0.2411 0.2311 0.2132 0.1978 0.1844 0.1726 0.1622 0.1529 0.3800
0.3900 0.3557 0.3170 0.2857 0.2599 0.2486 0.2382 0.2198 0.2039 0.1900 0.1779 0.1671 0.1575 0.3900
0.3950 0.3613 0.3219 0.2901 0.2638 0.2523 0.2418 0.2230 0.2069 0.1928 0.1805 0.1696 0.1598 0.3950
0.4000 0.3669 0.3268 0.2945 0.2678 0.2561 0.2454 0.2263 0.2099 0.1957 0.1831 0.1720 0.1622 0.4000
0.4100 0.3781 0.3367 0.3033 0.2757 0.2637 0.2526 0.2330 0.2161 0.2014 0.1884 0.1770 0.1668 0.4100
0.4200 0.3895 0.3467 0.3121 0.2837 0.2713 0.2599 0.2396 0.2222 0.2071 0.1938 0.1820 0.1716 0.4200
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 84 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-029-C-3

THK. THK.
IN. 1.0000 1.1250 1.2500 1.3750 1.5000 1.6250 1.7500 1.8750 2.0000 2.1250 2.2500 2.3750 IN.
0.3600 0.6144 0.5528 0.5022 0.4600 0.4242 0.3935 0.3669 0.3435 0.3600
0.3640 0.5608 0.5094 0.4665 0.4301 0.3989 0.3719 0.3481 0.3640
0.3700 0.5730 0.5203 0.4763 0.4390 0.4071 0.3794 0.3551 0.3700
0.3800 0.5935 0.5385 0.4927 0.4540 0.4208 0.3920 0.3669 0.3800
0.3900 0.6144 0.5571 0.5094 0.4691 0.4347 0.4048 0.3787 0.3900
0.3950 0.6249 0.5665 0.5178 0.4768 0.4417 0.4113 0.3847 0.3950

0.4000 0.6356 0.5759 0.5263 0.4845 0.4487 0.4177 0.3907 0.4000
0.4100 0.5950 0.5435 0.5000 0.4629 0.4308 0.4028 0.4100
0.4200 0.6144 0.5608 0.5157 0.4772 0.4440 0.4150 0.4200
0.4250 0.6242 0.5696 0.5237 0.4845 0.4506 0.4212 0.4250
0.4300 0.6341 0.5784 0.5316 0.4918 0.4573 0.4273 0.4300

0.4400 0.6540 0.5963 0.5478 0.5065 0.4708 0.4398 0.4400
0.4500 0.6743 0.6144 0.5641 0.5213 0.4845 0.4524 0.4500
0.4600 0.6949 0.6327 0.5806 0.5364 0.4983 0.4651 0.4600
0.4700 0.6513 0.5974 0.5516 0.5122 0.4780 0.4700
0.4750 0.6608 0.6059 0.5593 0.5192 0.4845 0.4750

0.4800 0.6702 0.6144 0.5670 0.5263 0.4910 0.4800
0.4900 0.6894 0.6316 0.5826 0.5406 0.5041 0.4900
0.5000 0.7088 0.6490 0.5984 0.5550 0.5174 0.5000
0.5070 0.7226 0.6613 0.6096 0.5652 0.5268 0.5070
0.5300 0.7027 0.6469 0.5993 0.5581 0.5300

0.5310 0.7045 0.6486 0.6008 0.5594 0.5310
0.5350 0.7119 0.6552 0.6068 0.5650 0.5350
0.5630 0.7643 0.7025 0.6498 0.6043 0.5630
0.5940 0.7568 0.6991 0.6494 0.5940
0.6250 0.8134 0.7502 0.6960 0.6250

0.6880 0.8603 0.7960 0.6880
0.7500 0.9019 0.7500

THK. THK.
IN. 2.5000 2.7500 3.0000 3.2500 3.3750 3.5000 3.7500 4.0000 4.2500 4.5000 4.7500 5.0000 IN.
0.4250 0.3952 0.3517 0.3166 0.2877 0.2751 0.2635 0.2430 0.2253 0.2099 0.1965 0.1845 0.1739 0.4250
0.4300 0.4010 0.3567 0.3211 0.2918 0.2790 0.2672 0.2463 0.2284 0.2128 0.1991 0.1871 0.1763 0.4300
0.4400 0.4125 0.3669 0.3301 0.2999 0.2867 0.2746 0.2531 0.2346 0.2186 0.2045 0.1921 0.1810 0.4400
0.4500 0.4242 0.3771 0.3392 0.3080 0.2945 0.2820 0.2599 0.2409 0.2244 0.2099 0.1972 0.1858 0.4500
0.4600 0.4361 0.3874 0.3483 0.3163 0.3023 0.2895 0.2667 0.2472 0.2302 0.2154 0.2023 0.1906 0.4600
0.4700 0.4480 0.3978 0.3576 0.3245 0.3102 0.2970 0.2736 0.2535 0.2361 0.2209 0.2074 0.1954 0.4700
0.4750 0.4540 0.4031 0.3622 0.3287 0.3141 0.3007 0.2770 0.2567 0.2391 0.2236 0.2099 0.1978 0.4750
0.4800 0.4600 0.4083 0.3669 0.3329 0.3181 0.3045 0.2805 0.2599 0.2420 0.2263 0.2125 0.2002 0.4800
0.4900 0.4722 0.4189 0.3762 0.3413 0.3261 0.3121 0.2875 0.2663 0.2479 0.2319 0.2177 0.2051 0.4900
0.5000 0.4845 0.4296 0.3857 0.3498 0.3341 0.3198 0.2945 0.2727 0.2539 0.2374 0.2229 0.2099 0.5000
0.5070 0.4931 0.4371 0.3923 0.3557 0.3398 0.3252 0.2994 0.2773 0.2581 0.2413 0.2265 0.2134 0.5070
0.5300 0.5221 0.4622 0.4145 0.3755 0.3586 0.3431 0.3157 0.2923 0.2720 0.2542 0.2386 0.2247 0.5300
0.5310 0.5233 0.4633 0.4155 0.3764 0.3594 0.3439 0.3164 0.2929 0.2726 0.2548 0.2391 0.2252 0.5310
0.5350 0.5284 0.4678 0.4194 0.3799 0.3627 0.3470 0.3193 0.2956 0.2750 0.2571 0.2412 0.2272 0.5350
0.5630 0.5648 0.4991 0.4470 0.4045 0.3861 0.3693 0.3395 0.3141 0.2922 0.2730 0.2561 0.2411 0.5630
0.5940 0.6062 0.5349 0.4783 0.4324 0.4125 0.3944 0.3624 0.3351 0.3115 0.2910 0.2729 0.2568 0.5940
0.6250 0.6490 0.5716 0.5105 0.4610 0.4396 0.4201 0.3857 0.3564 0.3312 0.3092 0.2898 0.2727 0.6250
0.6880 0.7405 0.6496 0.5784 0.5211 0.4964 0.4739 0.4345 0.4010 0.3721 0.3471 0.3252 0.3057 0.6880
0.7500 0.8369 0.7312 0.6490 0.5832 0.5550 0.5294 0.4845 0.4465 0.4139 0.3857 0.3610 0.3392 0.7500
0.8130 0.8194 0.7248 0.6495 0.6174 0.5883 0.5374 0.4945 0.4579 0.4262 0.3985 0.3742 0.8130
0.8750 0.9120 0.8037 0.7182 0.6819 0.6490 0.5918 0.5437 0.5028 0.4674 0.4367 0.4096 0.8750
0.9380 0.8888 0.7918 0.7508 0.7137 0.6495 0.5957 0.5501 0.5108 0.4767 0.4468 0.9380
1.0000 0.9777 0.8682 0.8221 0.7805 0.7088 0.6490 0.5984 0.5550 0.5174 0.4845 1.0000
1.1250 0.9777 0.9258 0.8369 0.7634 0.7016 0.6490 0.6036 0.5641 1.1250
1.2500 0.9777 0.8881 0.8134 0.7502 0.6960 0.6490 1.2500
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 85 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-062-2

2. Allowable stress and creep rupture behavior of
Temperature Limits for Fin Materials the materials for those applications where the fin is
carrying load or where the fin stresses have direct
The maximum fin tip metal temperature (Tt) influence on the integrity of the tubing.
shall be limited to the temperatures showing in
Table A. The actual fin metal temperatures and
differentials shall be calculated following the
The fin metal temperature differential procedure outlined on Sheet No. 76-022-2, Page 66
(∆T = Tt - Tb) shall be limited to the allowable values for peg fins and fin welded walls and on Sheet No.
given on Sheet No. 65-060-2, Page 86 and Sheet 78-026-1, Page 72 for lugs and fins heated from
No. 65-061-2, Page 87 except for fusion welded both sides. For straight fins (on CFS economizers)
walls where the design is limited by manufacturing and spiral fins follow Sheet No. 76-010, Page 25 of
capabilities. Standard No. 6-96, Index 21.10, “Economizers”.
These maximum allowable fin metal

temperatures and differentials were established by
considering:
1. Surface oxidation (wastage) as determined by

the behavior of these materials under operating
conditions. The limits are based on achieving
satisfactory life even though some wastage is
expected.
Table A
Maximum Fin Tip Metal Temperatures
Fin Type Peg Fins Fin Lugs Fusion Welded Fin Welded CFS Spiral Fin
Wall Wall Economizer Economizer
Std. No 1-71 45-76 8-82 8-75, 2-75 -- --
Index No. 1.1.2.2 1.1.2.2 1.2.1.3 1.2.1.4 -- --
Drawing No. C-980-0223 D-990-629 -- -- -- --
Carbon Steel 10000 F 11000 F 8500 F 8750 F 9000 F 9000 F
Carbon-Moly 10000 F 11000 F 9000 F 9000 F 9000 F 9000 F
1 Cr-1/2 Mo and 11500 F 12500 F 10250 F 10500 F -- --
1-1/4 Cr-1/2 Mo 11500 F 12500 F 10250 F 10500 F 9000 F 9000 F
2-1/4 Cr-1Mo 12000 F 13000 F 10750 F 11000 F -- --
12 Cr A-276 (410) -- 14000 F -- -- -- --
Notes (4) (5) (4) (5) (2) (3) (1) (5) (1) (3) (4) (1) (3) (4)
Notes:
(1) Temperature difference between fin tip and fin base can limit design.
(2) Web width shall not exceed 1/2”.
(3) Fin and tube shall be of the same nominal material composition.
(4) Non-load carrying fins.
(5) Within the temperature limits of fin and tube standards any of the listed fin materials may be applied to carbon steel,
carbon moly, T11 or T22 tubes but not to T9 or austenitic tubes.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 86 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-060-2

Allowable Fin ∆T for Carbon and Carbon Moly Steel Fins
(Calculated Fin (∆T = Tt - Tb)
Notes:
1. The allowable fin ∆T for peg fins and fin lugs is 4000 F.
2. The allowable fin ∆T for spiral fins is 2500 F.
3. The allowable fin ∆T for CFS economizer by this standard (use Sheet No. 65-064-2, Page 89 to evaluate FG).
4. If the calculated fin tip to base differential is greater than 2660 F for a fin welded wall, the maximum allowable fin ∆T shall be reduced to 0.75 times the
allowable fin ∆T as given by this standard (use Sheet No. 65-063-3, Page 88 to evaluate FG).
5. If the allowable fin tip to base differential from the following curve for a fin welded wall is between 2000 F and 2660 F, use an allowable fin differential of
2000 F.
6. The allowable fin tip temperature for a fin welded wall is 8750 F.
FG - Geometry Factor
400
0.5
0.6
300
0.7
Allowable Fin ∆, °F
0.8
0.9
200 1.0
1.2
1.6
2.0
100
0
500 600 700 800 900
Tb -Fin Base Temperature, °F

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 87 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-061-2

Allowable Fin ∆T for Low Carbon Moly Steel Fins
(Calculated Fin (∆T = Tt - Tb)
The allowable fin ∆T for peg fins and fin lugs is 4000 F.
The maximum allowable fin ∆T for fin welded walls shall be reduced to 0.75 times the allowable fin ∆T as given by this standard (use Sheet No. 65-063-3, Page 88 to
evaluate FG).
500
0.5
400
0.6
0.7
Allowable Fin ∆, °F
300 0.8
0.9
1.0
1.2
200
1.4
1.6
2.0
100
0
700 800 900 1000 1100
Tb -Fin Base Temperature, °F

INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 88 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-063-3
GEOMETRY FACTOR FOR FIN WELDED WALL – HEATED ON ONE SIDE

SEE STANDARD 76-023
FOR USE WITH STANDARD 65-060 AND 65-061
2
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
Do - Tube Outside Diameter, in.
1
3
0.9 2-1/2
2
1-3/4
0.8
1-1/2
1
0.7
0.6
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2
W - Fin Width, in.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 89 OF 101
Sheet No. 65-064-2
GEOMETRY FACTOR FOR CPS ECON. FINS – HEATED ON BOTH SIDES

Do – Tube Outside Diameter, in.
Di – Tube Inside Diameter, in.
1.1
0.9
Do/Di 2.0
1.6
0.8
1.4
1.2
0.7
1.1
0.6
0.5
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2
W - Fin Width, in.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 90 OF 101
Sheet No. 77-007-3

Properties of Tubes
On the following pages is a tabulation of geometric properties of tubes for a range of outside diameters and wall thickness
commonly used in superheater and reheater circuits and connecting tubes.
Sheet No. O. D. Type Page No.

78-020-1 1-1/4”, 1-1/2” Cold Drawn 91
78-021-1 1-5/8”, 1-3/4” Cold Drawn 92
78-022-1 1-7/8”, 2” Cold Drawn 93
78-023-2 2-1/8”, 2-1/4”, 2-1/2” Cold Drawn 94
81-008-1 2-5/8”, 2-3/4” Cold Drawn 95
81-009-1 2-7/8”, 3” Cold Drawn 96
78-024-1 2”, 2-1/8” Cold Drawn, T-9 Only 97
78-025-1 2-1/4”, 2-1/2” Cold Drawn, T-9 Only 98
77-005-1 3”, 3-1/2” Hot Finished 99
77-006-1 4”, 5” Hot Finished 100
77-008-1 6” Hot Finished 101
Properties have been calculated for average dimensions of O. D. and thickness based on manufacturing tolerances in
accordance with Specification SA-450, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II.
Notes:
1. Letters following a wall thickness indicate that this size is used only for the grades of steel designated.
C - Low Carbon Steel (SA-192, SA-210A-1, SA-210-C)
F - Ferritic Alloy Steel (T-1, T-11, T-22)
S - Stainless Steel (TP-304H, TP347H)
2. Absence of a letter indicates use of this thickness for all grades of steel.
3. Properties for the commonly used wall thicknesses of T-9 tubes are tabulated on Sheet Nos. 78-024-1, Page 97 and
78-025-1, Page 98.
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 91 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-020-1.

Properties of Cold Drawn Tubes
O.D. 1-1/4" 1-1/2"

Heating Surface 0.327 0.393
ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside
Tube Wall in. Free Area in. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 ft2
0.133 CS 0.957 0.804 0.00500 1.207 2.547 0.00795

0.135 F 0.953 0.787 0.00495 1.203 2.506 0.00789
0.149 C 0.922 0.668 0.00464 1.172 2.201 0.00749
0.150 FS 0.920 0.661 0.00462 1.170 2.182 0.00747
0.160 S 0.898 0.586 0.00440 1.148 1.986 0.00719
0.165 CF 0.887 0.551 0.00429 1.137 1.893 0.00705
0.170 S 0.876 0.518 0.00419 1.126 1.804 0.00692
0.180 FS 0.854 0.456 0.00398 1.104 1.635 0.00665
0.185 C 0.843 0.428 0.00388 1.093 1.556 0.00652
0.190 S 0.832 0.401 0.00378 1.082 1.479 0.00639
0.198 F 0.814 0.360 0.00361 1.064 1.361 0.00617
0.200 CS 0.810 0.351 0.00358 1.060 1.336 0.00613
0.214 F 0.779 0.289 0.00331 1.029 1.153 0.00578
0.216 S 0.775 0.282 0.00328 1.025 1.131 0.00573
0.220 C 0.766 0.266 0.00320 1.016 1.082 0.00563
0.225 F 0.755 0.247 0.00311 1.005 1.025 0.00551
0.240 0.722 0.198 0.00284 0.972 0.868 0.00515
0.250 S 0.700 0.170 0.00267 0.950 0.775 0.00492
0.253 F 0.943 0.747 0.00485
0.258 C 0.932 0.705 0.00474
0.260 S 0.928 0.690 0.00470
0.270 S 0.906 0.612 0.00448
0.280 C 0.884 0.542 0.00426
0.282 FS 0.880 0.530 0.00422
0.290 S 0.862 0.478 0.00405
0.300 0.840 0.420 0.00385
0.310 S 0.818 0.368 0.00365
0.320 0.796 0.322 0.00346
0.330 S 0.774 0.280 0.00327
0.338 0.756 0.249 0.00312
0.350 S 0.730 0.209 0.00291
0.360 FS 0.708 0.180 0.00273
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 92 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-021-1

O.D. 1-5/8" 1-3/4"

ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside
(I.D.) (I.D.)
0.133 1.330 4.126 0.00965 1.455 6.448 0.01155
0.149 CF 1.294 3.600 0.00913 1.419 5.693 0.01098
0.150 S 1.292 3.573 0.00910 1.417 5.653 0.01095
0.160 S 1.270 3.280 0.00880 1.395 5.230 0.01061
0.165 CF 1.259 3.141 0.00865 1.384 5.029 0.01045
0.170 S 1.248 3.007 0.00849 1.373 4.833 0.01028
0.180 * 1.225 2.742 0.00818 1.350 4.444 0.00994
0.183 C 1.219 2.676 0.00810 --- not used ---
0.190 S 1.203 2.506 0.00789 1.328 4.095 0.00962
0.198 F 1.185 2.325 0.00766 1.310 3.827 0.00936
0.200 CS 1.181 2.286 0.00761 1.306 3.769 0.00930
0.214 F 1.150 2.003 0.00721 1.275 3.345 0.00887
0.216 S 1.145 1.960 0.00715 1.270 3.280 0.00880
0.220 C 1.137 1.893 0.00705 1.262 3.179 0.00869
0.225 F 1.126 1.804 0.00692 1.251 3.043 0.00854
0.240 1.092 1.549 0.00650 1.217 2.654 0.00808
0.250 S 1.070 1.400 0.00624 1.195 2.424 0.00779
0.253 F 1.063 1.355 0.00616 1.188 2.354 0.00770
0.256 C 1.057 1.317 0.00609 1.182 2.296 0.00762
0.260 S 1.048 1.262 0.00599 1.173 2.210 0.00750
0.270 S 1.026 1.136 0.00574 1.151 2.012 0.00723
0.280 C 1.003 1.015 0.00549 1.128 1.820 0.00694
0.282 FS 0.999 0.995 0.00544 1.124 1.788 0.00689
0.290 S 0.981 0.909 0.00525 1.106 1.650 0.00667
0.300 0.959 0.812 0.00502 1.084 1.493 0.00641
0.310 S 0.937 0.724 0.00479 1.062 1.348 0.00615
0.320 0.915 0.643 0.00457 1.040 1.215 0.00590
0.330 S 0.892 0.567 0.00434 1.017 1.087 0.00564
0.338 0.875 0.515 0.00418 1.000 1.000 0.00545
0.350 S 0.848 0.441 0.00392 0.973 0.873 0.00516
0.360 0.826 0.387 0.00372 0.951 0.779 0.00493
0.370 S 0.804 0.338 0.00353 0.929 0.693 0.00471
0.380 0.781 0.293 0.00333 0.906 0.612 0.00448
0.390 S 0.759 0.254 0.00314 0.884 0.542 0.00426
0.395 CF 0.748 0.236 0.00305 0.873 0.509 0.00416
0.400 S 0.737 0.219 0.00296 0.862 0.478 0.00405
0.410 S 0.715 0.189 0.00279 0.840 0.420 0.00385
0.420 S 0.818 0.368 0.00365
0.425 CF 0.807 0.344 0.00355
0.430 S 0.795 0.320 0.00345
0.440 S 0.773 0.278 0.00326
0.450 0.751 0.241 0.00308
0.460 S 0.729 0.208 0.00290
0.470 S 0.707 0.178 0.00273
*This thickness of 1-5/8" O.D. Tubes is used for Ferritic Alloy and Stainless Steel Tubes only (FS)
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 93 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-022-1

O.D. 1-7/8" 2"
Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.491 0.524
(I.D.) (I.D.)
0.133 1.580 9.712 0.01362 1.705 14.18 0.01586
0.149 CF 1.544 8.661 0.01300 1.669 12.75 0.01519
0.150 S 1.542 8.606 0.01297 1.667 12.68 0.01516
0.160 S 1.520 8.012 0.01260 1.645 11.87 0.01476
0.165 CF 1.509 7.728 0.01242 1.634 11.48 0.01456
0.170 S 1.498 7.452 0.01224 1.623 11.10 0.01437
0.180 1.475 6.901 0.01187 1.600 10.34 0.01396
0.190 S 1.453 6.404 0.01151 1.578 9.651 0.01358
0.198 F 1.435 6.019 0.01123 1.560 9.117 0.01327
0.200 CS 1.431 5.936 0.01117 1.556 9.001 0.01321
0.214 F 1.400 5.324 0.01069 1.525 8.144 0.01268
0.216 S 1.395 5.230 0.01061 1.520 8.012 0.01260
0.220 C 1.387 5.083 0.01049 1.512 7.805 0.01247
0.225 F 1.376 4.886 0.01033 1.501 7.527 0.01229
0.240 1.342 4.314 0.00982 1.467 6.717 0.01174
0.250 S 1.320 3.974 0.00950 1.445 6.231 0.01139
0.253 F 1.313 3.871 0.00940 1.438 6.082 0.01128
0.256 C 1.307 3.783 0.00932 1.432 5.957 0.01118
0.260 S 1.298 3.656 0.00919 1.423 5.773 0.01104
0.270 S 1.276 3.358 0.00888 1.401 5.343 0.01071
0.280 C 1.253 3.068 0.00856 1.378 4.921 0.01036
0.282 FS 1.249 3.019 0.00851 1.374 4.851 0.01030
0.290 S 1.231 2.809 0.00827 1.356 4.543 0.01003
0.300 1.209 2.568 0.00797 1.334 4.188 0.00971
0.310 S 1.187 2.344 0.00768 1.312 3.856 0.00939
0.320 1.165 2.136 0.00740 1.290 3.545 0.00908
0.330 S 1.142 1.935 0.00711 1.267 3.242 0.00876
0.338 1.125 1.796 0.00690 1.250 3.031 0.00852
0.350 S 1.098 1.591 0.00658 1.223 2.720 0.00816
0.360 1.076 1.439 0.00631 1.201 2.485 0.00787
0.370 S 1.054 1.299 0.00606 1.179 2.267 0.00758
0.380 1.031 1.164 0.00580 1.156 2.055 0.00729
0.390 S 1.009 1.046 0.00555 1.134 1.868 0.00701
0.395 CF 0.998 0.990 0.00543 1.123 1.780 0.00688
0.400 S 0.987 0.937 0.00531 1.112 1.695 0.00674
0.410 S 0.965 0.838 0.00508 1.090 1.535 0.00648
0.420 S 0.943 0.747 0.00485 1.068 1.387 0.00622
0.425 CF 0.932 0.705 0.00474 1.057 1.317 0.00609
0.430 S 0.920 0.661 0.00462 1.045 1.245 0.00596
0.440 S 0.898 0.586 0.00440 1.023 1.120 0.00571
0.450 0.876 0.518 0.00419 1.001 1.005 0.00547
0.460 S 0.854 0.456 0.00398 0.979 0.900 0.00523
0.470 S 0.832 0.401 0.00378 0.957 0.804 0.00500
0.475 CF 0.821 0.375 0.00368 0.946 0.759 0.00488
0.480 S 0.809 0.349 0.00357 0.934 0.712 0.00476
0.490 S 0.787 0.304 0.00338 0.912 0.633 0.00454
0.500 S 0.765 0.264 0.00319 0.890 0.560 0.00432
0.507 0.749 0.238 0.00306 0.847 0.438 0.00391
0.530 C 0.823 0.380 0.00369
0.535 F 0.812 0.355 0.00360
0.563 CF 0.750 0.239 0.00307
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 94 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-023-2

O.D. 2-1/8" 2-1/4" 2-1/2"
Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.556 0.589 0.654
Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside
(I.D.) (I.D.) (I.D.)
Tube Wall in. Free Area in. Free Area, in. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 ft2 ft2
0.133 FS 1.830 20.15 0.01827 1.955 27.99 0.02085 2.205 50.90 0.02652
0.135 C 1.825 19.88 0.01817 1.950 27.64 0.02074 2.200 50.33 0.02640
0.149 CF 1.794 18.26 0.01755 1.919 25.52 0.02009 2.169 46.90 0.02566
0.150 S 1.792 18.16 0.01751 1.917 25.39 0.02004 2.167 46.69 0.02561
0.160 S 1.770 17.08 0.01709 1.895 23.97 0.01959 2.145 44.38 0.02509
0.165 CF 1.759 16.56 0.01688 1.884 23.29 0.01936 2.134 43.26 0.02484
0.170 S 1.748 16.05 0.01667 1.873 22.62 0.01913 2.123 42.16 0.02458
0.180 1.725 15.03 0.01623 1.850 21.27 0.01867 2.100 39.94 0.02405
0.188 CF --- not used --- --- not used --- 2.083 38.36 0.02366
0.190 S 1.703 14.10 0.01582 1.828 20.05 0.01823 2.078 37.91 0.02355
0.198 F 1.685 13.37 0.01549 1.810 19.08 0.01787 2.060 36.30 0.02315
0.200 CS 1.681 13.22 0.01541 1.806 18.88 0.01779 2.056 35.95 0.02306
0.214 F 1.650 12.05 0.01485 1.775 17.32 0.01718 2.025 33.34 0.02237
0.216 S 1.645 11.87 0.01476 1.770 17.08 0.01709 2.020 32.93 0.02226
0.220 C 1.637 11.58 0.01462 1.762 16.70 0.01693 2.012 32.29 0.02208
0.225 F 1.626 11.20 0.01442 1.751 16.19 0.01672 2.001 31.42 0.02184
0.240 1.592 10.08 0.01382 1.717 14.68 0.01608 1.967 28.85 0.02110
0.250 S 1.570 9.411 0.01344 1.695 13.77 0.01567 1.945 27.29 0.02063
0.253 F 1.563 9.204 0.01332 1.688 13.49 0.01554 1.938 26.80 0.02048
0.256 C 1.557 9.030 0.01322 1.682 13.25 0.01543 1.932 26.39 0.02036
0.260 S 1.548 8.773 0.01307 1.673 12.91 0.01527 1.923 25.79 0.02017
0.270 S 1.526 8.171 0.01270 1.651 12.08 0.01487 1.901 24.35 0.01971
0.280 C 1.503 7.577 0.01232 1.628 11.27 0.01446 1.878 22.92 0.01924
0.282 FS 1.499 7.477 0.01226 1.624 11.13 0.01438 1.874 22.68 0.01915
0.290 S 1.481 7.041 0.01196 1.606 10.53 0.01407 1.856 21.62 0.01879
0.300 1.459 6.537 0.01161 1.584 9.835 0.01368 1.834 20.37 0.01835
0.310 S 1.437 6.061 0.01126 1.562 9.175 0.01331 1.812 19.19 0.01791
0.320 1.415 5.614 0.01092 1.540 8.550 0.01294 1.790 18.06 0.01748
0.330 S 1.392 5.175 0.01057 1.517 7.934 0.01255 1.767 16.93 0.01703
0.338 1.375 4.868 0.01031 1.500 7.502 0.01227 1.750 16.14 0.01670
0.350 S 1.348 4.411 0.00991 1.473 6.854 0.01183 1.723 14.94 0.01619
0.360 1.326 4.065 0.00959 1.451 6.360 0.01148 1.701 14.02 0.01578
0.370 S 1.304 3.740 0.00927 1.429 5.895 0.01114 1.679 13.14 0.01538
0.380 1.281 3.424 0.00895 1.406 5.439 0.01078 1.656 12.27 0.01496
0.390 S 1.259 3.141 0.00865 1.384 5.029 0.01045 1.634 11.48 0.01456
0.395 CF 1.248 3.007 0.00849 1.373 4.833 0.01028 1.623 11.10 0.01437
0.400 S 1.237 2.878 0.00835 1.362 4.644 0.01012 1.612 10.73 0.01417
0.410 S 1.215 2.632 0.00805 1.340 4.283 0.00979 1.590 10.02 0.01379
0.420 S 1.193 2.404 0.00776 1.318 3.944 0.00947 1.568 9.351 0.01341
0.425 CF 1.182 2.296 0.00762 1.307 3.783 0.00932 1.557 9.030 0.01322
0.430 S 1.170 2.182 0.00747 1.295 3.614 0.00915 1.545 8.689 0.01302
0.440 S 1.148 1.986 0.00719 1.273 3.319 0.00884 1.523 8.091 0.01265
0.450 1.126 1.804 0.00692 1.251 3.043 0.00854 1.501 7.527 0.01229
0.460 S 1.104 1.635 0.00665 1.229 2.787 0.00824 1.479 6.994 0.01193
0.470 S 1.082 1.479 0.00639 1.207 2.547 0.00795 1.457 6.492 0.01158
0.475 CF 1.071 1.406 0.00626 1.196 2.434 0.00780 1.446 6.252 0.01140
0.480 S 1.059 1.330 0.00612 1.184 2.315 0.00765 1.434 5.999 0.01122
0.490 S 1.037 1.198 0.00587 1.162 2.109 0.00736 1.412 5.555 0.01087
0.500 S 1.015 1.077 0.00562 1.140 1.918 0.00709 1.390 5.138 0.01054
0.507 0.999 0.995 0.00544 1.124 1.788 0.00689 1.374 4.851 0.01030
0.530 C 0.948 0.767 0.00490 1.073 1.419 0.00628 1.323 4.019 0.00955
0.535 F 0.937 0.724 0.00479 1.062 1.348 0.00615 1.312 3.856 0.00939
0.563 CF 0.875 0.515 0.00418 1.000 1.000 0.00545 1.250 3.031 0.00852
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 95 OF 101
Sheet No. 81-008-1

O.D. 2-5/8" O.D. 2-3/4"
Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.687 Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.720
Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside
(I.D.) (I.D.)
Tube Wall in. Free Area Tube Wall in. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 Thickness, in. ft2
0.133 FS 2.330 66.95 0.02961 0.133 FS 2.455 86.81 0.03287
0.149 F 2.294 61.97 0.02870 0.135 C 2.450 85.93 0.03274
0.150 S 2.292 61.70 0.02865 0.149 CF 2.419 80.66 0.03192
0.160 S 2.270 58.81 0.02810 0.150 S 2.417 80.33 0.03186
0.165 F 2.259 57.41 0.02783 0.160 S 2.395 76.76 0.03129
0.170 S 2.248 56.03 0.02756 0.165 CF 2.384 75.03 0.03100
0.180 FS 2.225 53.24 0.02700 0.170 S 2.373 73.32 0.03071
0.190 S 2.203 50.67 0.02647 0.180 2.350 69.86 0.03012
0.198 F 2.185 48.65 0.02604 0.190 S 2.328 66.67 0.02956
0.200 FS 2.181 48.21 0.02594 0.200 2.306 63.59 0.02900
0.214 F 2.150 44.90 0.02521 0.214 F 2.275 59.46 0.02823
0.216 S 2.145 44.38 0.02509 0.216 S 2.270 58.81 0.02810
0.225 F 2.126 42.46 0.02465 0.220 C 2.262 57.79 0.02791
0.240 FS 2.092 39.19 0.02387 0.225 F 2.251 56.40 0.02764
0.250 S 2.070 37.19 0.02337 0.240 2.217 52.29 0.02681
0.253 F 2.063 36.56 0.02321 0.250 S 2.195 49.77 0.02628
0.260 S 2.048 35.26 0.02288 0.253 F 2.188 48.98 0.02611
0.270 S 2.026 33.42 0.02239 0.256 C 2.182 48.32 0.02597
0.282 FS 1.999 31.26 0.02179 0.260 S 2.173 47.34 0.02575
0.290 S 1.981 29.89 0.02140 0.270 S 2.151 45.00 0.02524
0.300 FS 1.959 28.28 0.02093 0.280 C 2.128 42.66 0.02470
0.310 S 1.937 26.73 0.02046 0.282 FS 2.124 42.26 0.02461
0.320 FS 1.915 25.26 0.02000 0.290 S 2.106 40.51 0.02419
0.330 S 1.892 23.78 0.01952 0.300 2.084 38.45 0.02369
0.338 FS 1.875 22.74 0.01917 0.310 S 2.062 36.48 0.02319
0.350 S 1.848 21.16 0.01863 0.320 2.040 34.58 0.02270
0.360 FS 1.826 19.94 0.01819 0.330 S 2.017 32.69 0.02219
0.370 S 1.804 18.77 0.01775 0.338 2.000 31.34 0.02182
0.380 FS 1.781 17.61 0.01730 0.350 S 1.973 29.29 0.02123
0.390 S 1.759 16.56 0.01688 0.360 1.951 27.71 0.02076
0.395 F 1.748 16.05 0.01667 0.370 S 1.929 26.19 0.02030
0.400 S 1.737 15.55 0.01646 0.380 1.906 24.67 0.01981
0.410 S 1.715 14.60 0.01604 0.390 S 1.884 23.29 0.01936
0.420 S 1.693 13.69 0.01563 0.395 CF 1.873 22.62 0.01913
0.425 F 1.682 13.25 0.01543 0.400 S 1.862 21.97 0.01891
0.430 S 1.670 12.79 0.01521 0.410 S 1.840 20.71 0.01847
0.440 S 1.648 11.98 0.01481 0.420 S 1.818 19.51 0.01803
0.450 FS 1.626 11.20 0.01442 0.425 CF 1.807 18.93 0.01781
0.460 S 1.604 10.47 0.01403 0.430 S 1.795 18.31 0.01757
0.470 S 1.582 9.774 0.01365 0.440 S 1.773 17.22 0.01715
0.475 F 1.571 9.441 0.01346 0.450 1.751 16.19 0.01672
0.480 S 1.559 9.088 0.01326 0.460 S 1.729 15.20 0.01630
0.490 S 1.537 8.468 0.01288 0.470 S 1.707 14.26 0.01589
0.500 S 1.515 7.882 0.01252 0.475 CF 1.696 13.81 0.01569
0.507 FS 1.499 7.477 0.01226 0.480 S 1.684 13.33 0.01547
0.535 F 1.437 6.061 0.01126 0.490 S 1.662 12.49 0.01507
0.563 F 1.375 4.868 0.01031 0.500 S 1.640 11.69 0.01467
0.507 1.624 11.13 0.01438
0.530 C 1.573 9.500 0.01350
0.535 F 1.562 9.175 0.01331
* Not used in Carbon Steel 0.563 CF 1.500 7.502 0.01227
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 96 OF 101
Sheet No. 81-009-1

O.D. 2-7/8" O.D. 3"
Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.753 Heating Surface ft2/lin.ft 0.785
Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside Minimum Avg. I.D. 4.97 Inside
(I.D.) (I.D.)
Tube Wall in. Free Area Tube Wall in. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 Thickness, in. ft2
0.133 FS 2.580 111.1 0.03631 0.133 FS 2.705 140.6 0.03991
0.149 F 2.544 103.6 0.03530 0.135 C 2.700 139.3 0.03976
0.150 S 2.542 103.2 0.03524 0.149 CF 2.669 131.5 0.03885
0.160 S 2.520 98.85 0.03464 0.150 S 2.667 131.0 0.03879
0.165 F 2.509 96.72 0.03433 0.160 S 2.645 125.7 0.03816
0.170 S 2.498 94.63 0.03403 0.165 CF 2.634 123.2 0.03784
0.180 FS 2.475 90.38 0.03341 0.170 S 2.623 120.6 0.03753
0.190 S 2.453 86.46 0.03282 0.180 2.600 115.5 0.03687
0.200 FS 2.431 82.67 0.03223 0.190 S 2.578 110.7 0.03625
0.214 F 2.400 77.56 0.03142 0.200 2.556 106.1 0.03563
0.216 S 2.395 76.76 0.03129 0.214 F 2.525 99.82 0.03477
0.225 F 2.376 73.78 0.03079 0.216 S 2.520 98.85 0.03464
0.240 FS 2.342 68.68 0.02992 0.220 CF 2.512 97.30 0.03442
0.250 S 2.320 65.54 0.02936 0.225 F 2.501 95.20 0.03412
0.253 F 2.313 64.56 0.02918 0.240 2.467 88.94 0.03319
0.260 S 2.298 62.50 0.02880 0.250 S 2.445 85.06 0.03261
0.270 S 2.276 59.59 0.02825 0.253 F 2.438 83.86 0.03242
0.282 FS 2.249 56.15 0.02759 0.256 C 2.432 82.84 0.03226
0.290 S 2.231 53.96 0.02715 0.260 S 2.423 81.33 0.03202
0.300 FS 2.209 51.36 0.02661 0.270 S 2.401 77.72 0.03144
0.310 S 2.187 48.87 0.02609 0.280 C 2.378 74.09 0.03084
0.320 FS 2.165 46.48 0.02556 0.282 FS 2.374 73.47 0.03074
0.330 S 2.142 44.07 0.02502 0.290 S 2.356 70.75 0.03027
0.338 FS 2.125 42.36 0.02463 0.300 2.334 67.52 0.02971
0.350 S 2.098 39.75 0.02401 0.310 S 2.312 64.42 0.02915
0.360 FS 2.076 37.72 0.02351 0.320 2.290 61.43 0.02860
0.370 S 2.054 35.78 0.02301 0.330 S 2.267 58.42 0.02803
0.380 FS 2.031 33.83 0.02250 0.338 2.250 56.28 0.02761
0.390 S 2.009 32.05 0.02201 0.350 S 2.223 53.00 0.02695
0.395 F 1.998 31.19 0.02177 0.360 2.201 50.45 0.02642
0.400 S 1.987 30.34 0.02153 0.370 S 2.179 47.99 0.02590
0.410 S 1.965 28.71 0.02106 0.380 2.156 45.52 0.02535
0.420 S 1.943 27.15 0.02059 0.390 S 2.134 43.26 0.02484
0.425 F 1.932 26.39 0.02036 0.395 CF 2.123 42.16 0.02458
0.430 S 1.920 25.59 0.02011 0.400 S 2.112 41.09 0.02433
0.440 S 1.898 24.16 0.01965 0.410 S 2.090 39.01 0.02382
0.450 FS 1.876 22.80 0.01920 0.420 S 2.068 37.01 0.02333
0.460 S 1.854 21.50 0.01875 0.425 CF 2.057 36.04 0.02308
0.470 S 1.832 20.26 0.01831 0.430 S 2.045 35.01 0.02281
0.475 F 1.821 19.67 0.01809 0.440 S 2.023 33.17 0.02232
0.480 S 1.809 19.03 0.01785 0.450 2.001 31.42 0.02184
0.490 S 1.787 17.91 0.01742 0.460 S 1.979 29.74 0.02136
0.500 S 1.765 16.84 0.01699 0.470 S 1.957 28.13 0.02089
0.507 FS 1.749 16.09 0.01668 0.475 CF 1.946 27.36 0.02065
0.535 F 1.687 13.45 0.01552 0.480 S 1.934 26.53 0.02040
0.563 F 1.625 11.17 0.01440 0.490 S 1.912 25.06 0.01994
0.500 S 1.890 23.66 0.01948
0.507 1.874 22.68 0.01915
0.530 C 1.823 19.77 0.01813
0.535 F 1.812 19.19 0.01791
* Not used in Carbon Steel 0.563 CF 1.750 16.14 0.01670
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 97 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-024-1

Properties of Cold Drawn Tubes - T-9 Only
O.D. 2" 2-1/8"
ft2/lin.ft
(I.D.) (I.D.)
0.134 1.703 14.10 0.01582 1.828 20.05 0.01823
0.148 1.671 12.83 0.01523 1.796 18.36 0.01759
0.156 1.654 12.19 0.01492 1.779 17.51 0.01726
0.165 1.634 11.48 0.01456 1.759 16.56 0.01688
0.180 1.600 10.34 0.01396 1.725 15.03 0.01623
0.203 1.549 8.801 0.01309 1.674 12.94 0.01528
0.220 1.512 7.805 0.01247 1.637 11.58 0.01462
0.238 1.472 6.831 0.01182 1.597 10.24 0.01391
0.260 1.423 5.773 0.01104 1.548 8.773 0.01307
0.281 1.376 4.886 0.01033 1.501 7.527 0.01229
0.300 1.334 4.188 0.00971 1.459 6.537 0.01161
0.320 1.290 3.545 0.00908 1.415 5.614 0.01092
0.340 1.245 2.972 0.00845 1.370 4.781 0.01024
0.360 1.201 2.485 0.00787 1.326 4.065 0.00959
0.375 1.168 2.164 0.00744 1.293 3.586 0.00912
0.400 1.112 1.695 0.00674 1.237 2.878 0.00835
0.438 1.028 1.147 0.00576 1.153 2.029 0.00725
0.480 0.934 0.712 0.00476 1.059 1.330 0.00612
0.500 0.890 0.560 0.00432 1.015 1.077 0.00562
0.520 0.846 0.436 0.00390 0.971 0.864 0.00514
0.531 0.821 0.375 0.00368 0.946 0.759 0.00488
0.540 0.750 0.239 0.00307 0.926 0.682 0.00468
0.560 0.882 0.536 0.00424
0.563 0.875 0.515 0.00418
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 98 OF 101
Sheet No. 78-025-1

Properties of Cold Drawn Tubes - T-9 Only
O.D. 2-1/4" 2-1/2"
ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside Avg. (I.D.)4.97 Inside
Tube Wall in. Free Area I.D. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 in. ft2
0.134 1.953 27.85 0.02080 2.203 50.67 0.02647
0.148 1.921 25.65 0.02013 2.171 47.12 0.02571
0.156 1.899 24.23 0.01967 2.154 45.31 0.02531
0.165 1.884 23.29 0.01936 2.134 43.26 0.02484
0.180 1.850 21.27 0.01867 2.100 39.94 0.02405
0.203 1.799 18.51 0.01765 2.049 35.35 0.02290
0.220 1.762 16.70 0.01693 2.012 32.29 0.02208
0.238 1.722 14.90 0.01617 1.972 29.22 0.02121
0.260 1.673 12.91 0.01527 1.923 25.79 0.02017
0.281 1.626 11.20 0.01442 1.876 22.80 0.01920
0.300 1.584 9.835 0.01368 1.834 20.37 0.01835
0.320 1.540 8.550 0.01294 1.790 18.06 0.01748
0.340 1.495 7.378 0.01219 1.745 15.91 0.01661
0.360 1.451 6.360 0.01148 1.701 14.02 0.01578
0.375 1.418 5.673 0.01097 1.668 12.71 0.01517
0.400 1.362 4.644 0.01012 1.612 10.73 0.01417
0.438 1.278 3.384 0.00891 1.528 8.224 0.01273
0.480 1.184 2.315 0.00765 1.434 5.999 0.01122
0.500 1.140 1.918 0.00709 1.390 5.138 0.01054
0.520 1.096 1.577 0.00655 1.346 4.379 0.00988
0.531 1.071 1.406 0.00626 1.321 3.989 0.00952
0.540 1.051 1.280 0.00602 1.301 3.698 0.00923
0.560 1.007 1.035 0.00553 1.257 3.117 0.00862
0.563 1.000 1.000 0.00545 1.250 3.031 0.00852
0.594 0.931 0.701 0.00473 1.181 2.286 0.00761
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 99 OF 101
Sheet No. 77-005-1

Properties of Hot Finished Tubes
O.D. 3" 3-1/2"
ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside
Tube Wall In. Free Area in. Free Area
0.134 FS 2.677 133.5 0.03909
0.135 C 2.675 133.0 0.03903
0.148 FS 2.644 125.5 0.03813 3.144 296.8 0.05391
0.150 C 2.640 124.6 0.03801 3.140 294.9 0.05378
0.156 2.629 122.0 0.03770 3.129 289.8 0.05340
0.165 2.608 117.2 0.03710 3.108 280.3 0.05269
0.180 2.573 109.6 0.03611 3.073 265.0 0.05151
0.188 S 2.564 107.7 0.03586 3.064 261.1 0.05120
0.200 C 2.536 102.0 0.03508 3.036 249.5 0.05027
0.203 FS 2.529 100.6 0.03488 3.029 246.6 0.05004
0.220 2.491 93.32 0.03384 2.991 231.6 0.04879
0.238 FS 2.450 85.93 0.03274 2.950 216.3 0.04746
0.240 C 2.445 85.06 0.03261 2.945 214.5 0.04730
0.250 S 2.422 81.16 0.03199 2.922 206.3 0.04657
0.260 2.399 77.40 0.03139 2.899 198.3 0.04584
0.280 C 2.354 70.45 0.03022 2.854 183.5 0.04443
0.281 FS 2.352 70.15 0.03017 2.852 182.8 0.04436
0.284 C 2.345 69.12 0.02999 2.845 180.6 0.04415
0.300 2.308 63.87 0.02905 2.808 169.3 0.04301
0.313 S 2.279 59.98 0.02833 2.779 160.7 0.04212
0.320 2.263 57.91 0.02793 2.763 156.2 0.04164
0.340 2.217 52.29 0.02681 2.717 143.7 0.04026
0.360 2.171 47.12 0.02571 2.671 132.0 0.03891
0.375 FS 2.137 43.56 0.02491 2.637 123.9 0.03793
0.380 C 2.126 42.46 0.02465 2.626 121.3 0.03761
0.400 2.080 38.09 0.02360 2.580 111.1 0.03631
0.420 CS 2.035 34.16 0.02259 2.535 101.8 0.03505
0.438 FS 1.994 30.88 0.02169 2.494 93.88 0.03393
0.440 C 1.989 30.49 0.02158 2.489 92.95 0.03379
0.460 C 1.943 27.15 0.02059 2.443 84.72 0.03255
0.480 1.898 24.16 0.01965 2.398 77.24 0.03136
0.500 1.852 21.39 0.01871 2.352 70.15 0.03017
0.520 FS 1.807 18.93 0.01781
0.531 1.782 17.66 0.01732 2.282 60.37 0.02840
0.540 FS 1.761 16.65 0.01691
0.560 FS 1.715 14.60 0.01604
0.563 1.709 14.35 0.01593 2.209 51.36 0.02661
0.594 1.638 11.62 0.01463 2.138 43.67 0.02493
0.625 1.567 9.322 0.01339 2.067 36.92 0.02330
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 100 OF 101
Sheet No. 77-006-1

O.D. 4" 5"
ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside Avg. (I.D.)4.97 Inside
Tube Wall in. Free Area I.D. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2 in. ft2
0.150 C 3.640 614.7 0.07227
0.156 3.629 605.5 0.07183
0.165 3.608 588.3 0.07100
0.180 3.573 560.5 0.06963
0.188 S 3.564 553.5 0.06928
0.200 C 3.536 532.2 0.06819 4.528 1819 0.11183
0.203 FS 3.529 527.0 0.06793 4.522 1807 0.11153
0.220 3.491 499.4 0.06647 4.483 1731 0.10961
0.238 FS 3.450 470.9 0.06492 4.442 1654 0.10762
0.240 C 3.445 467.6 0.06473 4.437 1645 0.10738
0.250 S 3.422 452.2 0.06387 4.414 1603 0.10627
0.260 3.399 437.3 0.06301 4.392 1563 0.10521
0.280 C 3.354 409.3 0.06136 4.346 1484 0.10302
0.281 FS 3.352 408.1 0.06128 4.344 1480 0.10292
0.284 C 3.345 403.9 0.06103 4.337 1468 0.10259
0.300 3.308 382.2 0.05968 4.300 1407 0.10085
0.313 S 3.279 365.8 0.05864 4.271 1361 0.09949
0.320 3.263 357.0 0.05807 4.255 1335 0.09875
0.340 3.217 332.7 0.05645 4.209 1265 0.09662
0.360 3.171 309.7 0.05484 4.164 1199 0.09457
0.375 FS 3.137 293.5 0.05367 4.129 1150 0.09299
0.380 C 3.126 288.5 0.05330 4.118 1135 0.09249
0.400 3.080 268.0 0.05174 4.072 1073 0.09044
0.420 CS 3.035 249.1 0.05024 4.027 1016 0.08845
0.438 FS 2.994 232.8 0.04889 3.986 965.3 0.08666
0.440 C 2.989 230.9 0.04873 3.981 959.3 0.08644
0.460 C 2.943 213.7 0.04724 3.936 906.6 0.08450
0.480 2.898 198.0 0.04581 3.890 855.2 0.08253
0.500 FS 2.852 182.8 0.04436 3.844 806.1 0.08059
0.531 2.782 161.6 0.04221 3.774 735.7 0.07768
0.563 2.709 141.6 0.04003 3.701 667.6 0.07471
0.594 2.638 124.1 0.03796 3.630 606.4 0.07187
0.625 2.567 108.4 0.03594 3.559 549.7 0.06908
INDEX : 21.8
DATE : 19 JAN 2006
OWNER : 8152
PAGE : 101 OF 101
Sheet No. 77-008-1

O.D. 6"
Heating Surface 1.567
ft2/lin.ft
Minimum Avg. I.D. (I.D.)4.97 Inside
Tube Wall in. Free Area
Thickness, in. ft2
0.220 5.483 4709 0.1640
0.238 FS 5.442 4536 0.1615
0.240 C 5.437 4516 0.1612
0.250 S 5.414 4422 0.1599
0.260 5.392 4333 0.1586
0.280 C 5.346 4152 0.1559
0.281 FS 5.344 4145 0.1558
0.284 C 5.337 4118 0.1554
0.300 5.300 3978 0.1532
0.313 S 5.271 3871 0.1515
0.320 5.255 3813 0.1506
0.340 5.209 3650 0.1480
0.360 5.164 3496 0.1454
0.375 FS 5.129 3380 0.1435
0.380 C 5.118 3344 0.1429
0.400 5.072 3197 0.1403
0.420 5.027 3058 0.1378
0.438 FS 4.986 2936 0.1356
0.440 C 4.981 2922 0.1353
0.460 4.936 2793 0.1329
0.480 4.890 2666 0.1304
0.500 4.844 2544 0.1280
0.531 4.774 2366 0.1243
0.563 4.701 2192 0.1205
0.594 4.630 2032 0.1169
0.625 4.559 1882 0.1134
0.688 4.416 1606 0.1064
NOTE: While 6" O.D. Tubes are manufactured to tube specifications (SA-450, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section II), the wall thickness must be designed as for piping (PG-27.2.2, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section I).

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THIS STANDARD IS: STD NO : 48-88-16

Updated INDEX : 21.8

SUBJECT : METAL TEMPERATURES

REMARKS: This Standard to be effective immediately.

NOTES: 1. See Page 2 for Versions.

This document contains proprietary data and shall not be reproduced

UNITS:  ENGLISH;  METRIC;  BOTH;  NONE

version of this Standard; Revised Pages 80 & 89,

List of Arrangement Drawings

List of Detail Drawings

Drawing No. Title

The purpose of this standard is to provide

2.0 Use of Standard and Revisions

This standard controls the revisions of all

Film Conductance, Single Phase 64-008-2 9 December 1, 1982

C. Metal Temperatures for Plain Tubes

Unfinned Tubes Absorbing Heat 74-011 18 December 23, 1974

D. Metal Temperatures for Furnace Walls*

Furnace Walls (Notes, Contents) 74-015-A-1 27 March 16, 1983

1-1/4” O. D. on 1-3/4” Centers, T11 65-031-1 31 December 23, 1974

* All Sheets apply to both fusion and fin welded walls.

Table of Contents (Cont.)

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-1/4” Centers, SA-210 65-033-1 35 December 23, 1974

1-3/4” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, SA-210 83-002 39 March 16, 1983

2” O. D. on 2-1/2” Centers, SA-210 74-017-1 44 April 15, 1975

2-1/2” O. D. on 3” Centers, SA-210 65-035-1 48 December 23, 1974

2-3/4” O. D. on 3-3/8” Centers, SA-210 79-001 52 January 11, 1979

2” O. D. on 2-3/8” Centers, T11 67-007-2 57 October 30, 1975

Metal Temperatures for None 61 June 21, 1996

* All Sheets apply to both fusion and fin welded walls.

Table of Contents (Cont.)

Temperature & Sizing Limits, 69-008-1 75 March 20, 1996

Determination of Minimum Wall 75-001-5 81 June 22, 2004

Table of Contents (Cont.)

Dimensional Properties: 77-007-3 90 June 22, 2004

Sheet No. 64-008-2

Sheet No. 82-005-A

Sheet No. 82-005-B

Sheet No. 72-006-1

72-007-1 (Page 15)

Sheet No. 71-036-1

72-007-1 (Page 15)

Sheet No. 72-007-A

Inside Absorption Rate at Tube Crown

Fusion Welded Walls with 1/2” Web

For nomenclature , see Sheet No. 72-007-1

Knowing the outside absorption rate at the

1. Evaluate or assume film conductance, h.

2. Calculate dimensionless parameter ht/k

3. Read Frdl from Sheet No. 72-007-1 (Page 15).

4. Calculate (Q/AI = Frdl (Do / DI) (Q/A)o.

5. If ‘h’ was assumed in paragraph (1), above,

Note: For subcritical utility units (both Natural and

(Q/A)I = 0.975 (Do / DI) (Q/A)o

Sheet No. 72-007-1

72-007-A (Page 14) for notes on this sheet.

Sheet No. 848-3

Metal Thermal Conductivity

Sheet No. 848-3 (Continued)

Group Compostion Tube Specification No.

Sheet No. 74-011

Metal Temperature Standards

Tm - Maximum Temperature at Center of Tube Wall (Point M), 0F

Exterior Elements - Leading and Trailing Elements of the Bank.

UNITS: ENGLISH; METRIC; BOTH; NONE