6001-3 Class Notes

Name: Esteban Sepúlveda

E-mail: esteban.sepulveda@uc.cl
Other important emails
academicprogramseuc@uc.cl → remote learning questions, etc.
ingles@uc.cl → for course registration, changing sections, exit-test questions, etc.
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Material:
● Speakout Upper Intermediate Student’s book (Units 6-10)
○ Available in all libraries and online if you need it.
● Speakout Upper Intermediate Workbook
○ Available online
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Attendance Rules
● As soon as you enter the class, write PRESENTE in the chat. If you don’t write it,
your attendance will not be counted.

You need 75 % of attendance to be present in the Final Oral Exam. This doesn’t count the
FOE class.
This 75% means that you can skip 7 modules of classes (without justification)
If you have between 64%-74% of attendance, I will decide if you can do the FOE (depending
on participation and responsibility during the course). If you have less attendance, Academic
Programs will decide if you can do the FOE.

Tardiness
● Tardiness is not considered. (But you won't have extra time if you come late to
a test).
● If you come to the class, write Presente and then leave 10 minutes later, that is
an absence.

Recuperative activities
● You can recover every class you skip. To do this you have to do the recuperative
activities that will be open in Canvas after every class.
● You have to do the recuperative activities COMPLETELY. That means: doing the
summary of the class you skipped and the specific activity related to it. If you only do
one of the activities, you will get a 50% of attendance. If you don’t do them correctly
at all, you will get 0%
● You will always have one week to recover the attendance.
● Recuperative evaluations will be determined on a case to case basis (except for the
oral tests: Oral Midterm and Final Oral Exam)

Exam dates and percentages

Exam /Activity Date Percentage

 Remote Learning Receptive Skills (12 points) 5%
Activities (outside
class)

Environmental News (video) (40 points)

● Progress Report 1: April 20th
● Progress Report 2: May 9th
● Video Presentation: May 18th

Current Events March 28th 5%

Debate *

Writing Tasks 1: April 11th 10%

(outside class) 2: May 11th

Oral Mid-Term * April 25th and 27th 15%

Use of English and May 25th 20%

Written Test *

Final Oral Exam * June 15th and 22nd 45%

*: These tests are done with your camera on at all times

Suspicions or evidence of cheating

All cheating evidence will be instantly evaluated with a 1.0 and the case will be sent to
Secretaría Academica.

Let’s meet ourselves!

Where are you from?

What do you study? In what year are you?
What are your interests, hobbies? What do you do in your free time?
Did you want to go back to face to face classes? Why?
—
knit: tejer
—
Review 1
Objective: Talk about your free time (p. 44-45)
Topics:
● Grammar: Present and past habits (Would, used to, adverbs of frequency, will)
● Vocabulary: free time
-----------------------------------------------------------
● Do you think you have enough free time this semester?
○ Teacher assistant : ayudante
○
Free time vocabulary:
● Wind up
○ Finishing something
○ (Old clocks or watches) Dar cuerda a algo
○ Be extremely annoying (Uk, slang)
● Switch off
○ Turn off
○ Stop thinking about something/someone
● Focus on
○ Put all your concentration in one activity/person
● Recharge
○ Regain your energy
○ Give power to a device
● Chill
○ Make something cold
○ Relax

Would and used to for past habits

● We use used to + vb. in infinitive for activities and feelings that happened/you had
regularly but don’t happen now
○ I used to live in Rancagua
○ She used to feel sad when she had to go to classes
○ Daniel used to play football with his classmates in high school
● We use would + vb. in infinitive for short & regular activities that happened in the
past but don’t happen now. We can’t use would to refer to past states/feelings
○ My grandmother would cook sopaipillas when it rained
○ My grandmother used to cook sopaipillas when it rained.
○ Brayan would study a lot for history in high school.
 ○ I would feel horrible when I failed a test (feelings)
○ I would live in Rancagua when I was a kid
● You can also use the past simple + adverb of frequency to refer to past habits
○ I sometimes skipped school when it rained.
○ I was always thinking about recess during classes.
○ Ignacia usually played guitar during her free time in high school

Adverbs of frequency for present habits

● We use always + present continuous to talk about repeated activities that annoy you.
○ My neighbors are always speaking so loudly on the phone.
○ My neighbor’s dog is always barking and I hate it.
○ Rachel’s mom is always speaking on the phone.

● We use will + adverb of frequency (almost always, often, rarely, sometimes, hardly
ever, can’t use always or never) + vb. in infinitive for activities/ exceptions to a routine
in the present.
○ We will almost always do a dialogue at the end of the class
○ I will sometimes order food because I don’t have time to cook.
● We use adverbs of frequency (always, never, rarely, often, etc) + vb. in present
simple to talk about present habits
○ I always wake up at 8 am
○ She never goes to school when it rains.

Conversation: Have and present a conversation about your habits and how they have
changed after you entered university.

General points about Dialogues:

● They have to be a conversation, not a presentation.
● The time to prepare will be very similar to the time you will have in the tests. (6
minutes, and they should last 2 minutes)
● The idea is that you don’t read, but you can make some notes about what you have
to say.
● In the test, in groups of three, the minimum amount of time to speak is three minutes.

—-
Dialogue notes

● Good that you focused on one topic.

● My mom always drive (drove)
—
● make a lot of things (do a lot of things)
—
● cooks to me (cooks for me)
● I don’t really time (don’t really have)
—
● the difficult is higher (difficulty)
—
 ● much more things (many more things)

Review 2:
Objective: Planning and predicting your future (p. 47-48)
Topics:
● Grammar: future forms
○ Going to
○ Present continuous
○ Will
○ Likely / unlikely / be due to / may & might
---------------------
Future forms:

Plans:
● Be going to / present continuous (with a specific time expression)
○ Planned activities (100% confirmed)
■ I’m going to the airport at 6:30 pm (100% confirmed)
○ Decisions made in the past
○ For plans that we know when are happening.
■ We’re going to have another class.
■ We’re having another class on Wednesday.
■ I’m having another video lesson tomorrow. (Future)
■ I’m having another video lesson. (Present, it’s happening now)
■ She is working from home tomorrow
■ Agustín is going to travel to Temuco this saturday.
■ She is working from home at a point in the future. (The time
expression must be specific)
● Will
○ Activities that haven’t been planned but you have the intention of doing
○ Instant decisions
■ We will change the tests for this course if we go back to regular
classes.
■ I will eat salads for lunch tomorrow.
■ Are you going to have lunch now?
■ Yes, I will eat right away.
■ No, I won’t eat until 6 pm. (I decided it just now)
■ On Friday, Carolina will go to the shopping mall.

Possibilities and predictions:

● Might/may
○ When it’s 50% likely/probable that you will do an activity.
■ After the class, I might watch Netflix or I might have lunch.
■ I might go to the supermarket in the afternoon.
■ I may go to the supermarket
■ I may not watch tv later today.
■ Might I go to the supermarket? (Incorrect)
■ May I go to the bathroom... (asking for permission)?
 ● May and might can both be used in affirmative and negative
sentences. For questions we use may, but it’s used to ask for
permission.
● Be likely to / be unlikely to (= will probably/ probably won’t)
○ Probable or improbable
■ We are likely to finish this class early = We will probably finish this
class early.
■ It is unlikely that we will return to classes in March = We probably
won’t return to classes in March.

0%sure-------------------------25---------------------50--------------75--------------------100% sure
Be not going to Be unlikely to May/might Be likely to Be going to /P. Co
/will
Will not

Obligations
● Be due to / Not due until/ not due for
○ We use due to/until/for when an activity has a deadline or a specific date
in which something will happen(fecha limite)
■ The Receptive Skills 1 are due to May 1st
■ The project is not due until next week.
■ The project is not due for tomorrow.
■ Ignacia’s English task is due tomorrow.
—-
Review 3:
Objective: Discuss advertising strategies (P.59-60)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: Advertising collocations
● Grammar: Real and Hypothetical conditionals (Zero, first, second)
----
Real and Hypothetical Conditionals

Zero Conditional (if clauses) If-when + Present simple, Subject + present simple
(Real) Use: Things that are always true
If it rains, streets in Santiago collapse and flood.
If we finish earlier, you have more time to relax.

First Conditional If + Present simple, Subject + will + verb in infinitive

(Real) Use: Things that might happen in the future
If it rains, I will not go to classes
If it rains, my mother will cook sopaipillas.
If it’s Friday, Mr. Vargas will party like crazy.
If you go outside without a mask, you might get infected.
You can also use other expressions instead of if:
Provided: siempre y cuando
Unless: a menos que
On condition that: con la condición que
As long as: siempre y cuando
If it’s a sunny day, I will go to the beach.
I will go to the beach as long as it’s a sunny day
I will go to the beach provided it’s a sunny day.
I will go to the beach on condition that it’s sunny.
I will go to the beach unless it’s not sunny.

Second Conditional If + Past Simple, Subject + would + verb in infinitive

(Hypothetical) Use: Things in the future that are impossible or will
probably not happen.
 If I won the Loto, I would travel around the world
You can change would for might, will probably, probably
won’t, could.
If I won the Loto, I might never work again.
If I didn’t pay the CAE, I would have so much money.
If Bruno won the Loto, he would create his own music
studio.

Class 1
Objective: Analyze age characteristics, obligations and permissions (p. 68-69)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: age
● Grammar: modal verbs and phrases

------
Modal verbs review
Obligation (strong)
Obligation (mild - leve):
Recommendations,
suppositions
Prohibition (Strong): Strong
obligations, but negative
Prohibition (mild): Mild
obligations, but negative.
Present Examples
Have to You have to do your
Must bedroom
Make someone + (Verb) I must wash the dishes
● I made my brother Sebastián has to make his
clean my room bed every morning.
Rachel has to make her bed
every morning.
Should I should wake up early
Be supposed to (verb) / I’m supposed to wash my
Ought to + (verb) hands after I come back
● I am supposed to do Carla is supposed to sweep
the dishes the floor of her house.
● I ought to do the Cesar should stop eating
dishes fast food.
Mustn’t I mustn’t use the cellphone
Can’t while I’m at the table
Be not allowed to I am not allowed to scream
● My mom is not in the bathroom
allowing me to go Daniel mustn’t play the violin
outside. at night.
Agustin mustn’t use the
cellphone during an exam
Shouldn’t I shouldn’t go out unless it’s
Ought not to (oughtn’t) / necessary
Be not supposed to I am not supposed to go out
● I am not supposed to without a mask
water the plants Alvaro shouldn’t go out after
● I ought not to water 12.
the plants Catalina shouldn’t smoke in
 her house.

Lack of Obligation Don’t have to I don’t have to cook dinner, I

● You don’t have to put can order something.
your camera during I don’t have to buy lunch in
the online class. SJ, I can bring it from my
house.

Permission Can My mom allows me to cook

Be allowed to
May go (Remember may is
used for permission!)
Let someone (verb)
whatever I want for lunch
My mom lets me get up late
when I don’t have class
Carla is allowed to go to
parties until 10 pm.
Brayan is allowed to drive to
university.

Ability can/ can’t/could /couldn’t I can cook ñoquis

Be able to I managed to learn how to
Manage to/ don’t manage to play piano.
(remember that if you use I managed to graduate from
manage for ability, you are Estadistica without ever
referring to something getting a red mark.
difficult). Usually used in the
past.
● I managed to cook
rice, it was so hard!
● I didn’t manage to
pass the calculus
test, it was
impossible.

Class 2
Objective: Talk about your expectations for the future (p. 71-72)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: optimism and pessimism
● Grammar: future perfect and future continuous
---
Current events debate groups

14:00 Bruno Camus, Vicente Urrutia, Carolina Laferte, Gonzalo Aguilar, y Kamila Cruz.
14:20 brayan gonzalez, Ignacia viran, cesar olguin, Karla ponce y agustin venturelli, jose
jouanne
14:40 Borja Vallejo, Sofía Villagra, Cristobal Arriagada, Catalina Gomez, Daniel Miller
15:00 Diego Cisternas, Clemente Seguel, José Farias, Rachel Schoihet, Gustavo
Manriquez, Vicente Figueroa

● Remember that cameras MUST be on for this test.

● Please arrive at least five minutes before your time.
How do you think your past self (4 years ago) feels about the current you?

Future perfect
Use:
● We use the future perfect to talk about events or activities that will have finished or
that you will have done before a specific time in the future.
○ I plan to finish university in 2022
■ I will have finished university by 2022 (your deadline is December
31st 2021)
■ In five more years, I will have started the magister
■ Before 2030, I will have got/gotten a doctor’s degree

Structure
● Will + have + verb in past participle
● You can use other modals, adverbs or phrases instead or apart from will
○ Might, definitely will, would like to, could, will probably, etc
Examples
● Before March 31st 2022
○ Kamila will have finished her Advanced Programming homework.
○ Cesar will have done his internship report.
○ Cristobal will have worked on his marketing homework.

Future Continuous
Use:
● We use it for activities that will be in progress at a particular time in the future
(expectations)
○ Tomorrow I don’t have any classes so at this time I will be watching The
Office.
○ We will be talking about the debate at this time next week.
● You can also use it to refer to the future of your normal activities (plans)
○ At this time on Wednesday I will be teaching English so you can’t call me.
● At this time on Saturday…
○ Daniel will be walking with his girlfriend.
○ Carolina will be staying with her friends
○ Sofía will be having lunch with her family
Structure:
● Will / won’t + be + verb in -ing
Class 3
Objective: Giving your point of view and persuading (p.74-75)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: Collocations
● Functional language: persuading
-----
+
Discussion notes

● to connecting (connect)
● influenzable (easy to be influenced by)
● something talk to you (someone talked to you when you were young)
● connected to the social networking (social media /social networks)
● he connected to another count (account)
● he see everything (sees everything)
—-
● mind (pron.)
● take the decision (make the decision)
● their approvance (approval)
—
● lend me his car (lent me)
 ● you two ar

e agree (you 2 agree)

Class 4
Objective: Talk about television and its qualities (p.80-81)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: types of tv shows
● Grammar: quantifiers
-------
---

Quantifiers
few: small number
a good deal of : a lot
several: a lot
many: many
plenty of: a lot
little : small number
no: zero
quite a few : a lot
every: all
a large number of: a lot
each: all
another: extra one

Class 5
Objective: Discuss fake news and fake photos. (p.83-84)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: reporting verbs
● Grammar: reported speech
-----
What are some fake news you have heard recently?
● Vaccines with a chip
● If you put tap water in the antigen test, it will be positive.
● If you get vaccinated, your arm becomes a magnet.
● Masks with chips
● The new constitution will change the hymn and the Chilean flag.

get together : reunirse

Reported Speech
Use:
● We use reported speech when we want to communicate to someone what we heard
in the past, just like a report.
○ The teacher said the screen time session was open.
○ The mother told the kids that she was preparing breakfast.
● These two sentences in the present were:
○ The teacher: The screen time session is open. (Present simple)
○ The mother to the kids: I’m preparing breakfast! (Present continuous)
● To do the reported speech we need to change the tense of the original sentence one
step into the past (a backshift)
○ Present simple → Past simple
○ Past simple → can stay the same or use Past perfect.
○ Present continuous → Past continuous
○ Present perfect → Past perfect
○ Will → would
○ Can → Could
○ Should, must, ought to, would: stay the same.
● We also need to know if the original sentence had a specific audience or receiver of
the message. If the receiver is mentioned, we use tell. If the message didn’t have a
specific audience, we use say.
○ The teacher said the screen time session was open.
○ The teacher told the students that the screen time session was open.

Reporting questions
● Open questions
○ OS: Danae: Where is the library?
○ R.s.: Danae asked where the library was.
■ In this case we don’t use say or tell, we use ask and the word order of
the sentence is the same as an affirmative sentence.
○ O.s.: Miss Catalina: What page of the book is it?
○ R.S.: Catalina asked what page of the book was.
● Closed questions
○ OS: Javier: Are you listening to the teacher?.
○ R.S.: Javier asked if/whether you were listening to the teacher.
○ Vania: Is the sound very low?
○ R.S.: Vania asked if the sound was very low.

The teacher: Did you do the receptive skills?

The teacher asked me if I did the receptive skills.
Diego: Have you read the news about the vaccine?
Diego asked if you had read the news about the vaccine.
The student: I will go to the beach this next weekend.
The student said he would go to the beach next weekend.

Reporting verbs
Presentation: Prepare a news show where you report recent news of different sections of a
regular news show. Put special focus on news that include interviews or things that people
said so you can use reported speech.

Notes
● keep all this safe money (money safe)
—
● very entertainment (entertaining)
● old player with (former colo-colo player)
● he is staying in the same (he is also staying at that hotel)
—
● he will use a line (he would use a line)
—
● have declared that they are going to (were going to)
● people are bored? (people were bored)
● we are practically (we were practically the)
● still use the (still used the mask)

Class 6
Objective: Talk about difficult decisions (p.92-94)
Topics
● Grammar: Third and mixed conditionals
● Vocabulary: Decisions
—-
Writing task 1: Write a resume
 Third conditional (past If + Past Perfect, Subject + would have + vb. in past
conditional) participle.
We use the third conditional to refer to situations that
● Zero and first already happened in the past, but we are making a
conditional: Real hypothesis of what would have happened if something had
conditionals been done differently. The situation will not change.
● Second and third
conditional: ● If I hadn’t left my house, I wouldn’t have got
hypothetical infected (but I left my house and I got infected)
conditionals

What would you have done for summer 2022 if the

pandemic had finished and you had infinite money?
● Brayan would have traveled around the world.
● Clemente would have eaten in all the restaurants
that I could.
● Diego would have gone to the Bahamas

What would you have done this past weekend if you had
finished university on Friday?

● Jose would have thrown the biggest party ever

● Karla would have traveled to the beach and would
have rested all weekend
● Bruno would have invited all his friends to his
house.

Mixed conditionals (fourth conditional)

Use: Mixed conditionals are used to refer to situations in the past, but with results that affect
the present.
● If we hadn’t lost a week of classes (situation in the past), we would have the Oral
Midterm tomorrow (result in the present).
● If people had respected the quarantine, there might be less people infected now.
 ● If Chile hadn’t bought so many vaccines, the COVID situation would be very
different at the moment.

Structure:
● If +subject+ past perfect, subject + would/might/could + verb in infinitive.

What would you do now if you had won the lottery yesterday?
● Catalina would be in the Caribbean
● Agustín would buy the university
● I would be traveling by helicopter

Exercise

Class 8
Objective: Writing an informal article (p.97)
Topics
● Writing: Paragraph organization in articles
● Vocabulary: linkers of purpose
—

Topic sentences
● They go at the beginning of a paragraph.
 ● They include the main idea for the paragraph
● After the TS, you can explain your idea, give arguments, examples or evidence
● You CAN NOT talk about two different topics in the same paragraph.

Class 9
Progress report 1

Oral Midterm Groups

WRITE YOUR GROUPS FOR NEXT WEEK’S EVALUATION IN THE CHAT

Monday 25th
14:00 Diego Cisternas - Clemente Seguel - Carolina Laferte
14:20 Gonzalo Aguilar, Bruno Camus, Kamila Cruz
14:40 Gustavo Manríquez , Loreto Figueroa y José Farías
15:00 Ignacia Virán, Vicente Figueroa
Wednesday 27th
14:00 Rachel Schoihet - Agustín Venturelli
14:20 Vicente Urrutia, Catalina Gomez, Jose Jouanne
14:40 Karla Ponce - Brayan Gonzales- César Olguin
15:00
● Cameras must be on at all times during this evaluation
● Please arrive at least 5 minutes before your time. If the first group finishes earlier and
the complete second group is present, the test starts.

Class 9
Objective: Write a discursive essay (p.85)
--

Essay structure
1. Introduction
a. No opinion can be added here. It needs to show why the topic is relevant or
interesting for the reader.
2. Paragraph 1

a. All the information contained in the paragraph must be pertinent and related
to the argument that you chose for this paragraph. whether it’s evidence,
arguments, examples, etc.
i. Argument 1
1. evidence
2. evidence
3. example
ii. Argument 2
iii. Argument 3

3. Paragraph 2
a. The second paragraph must have the opposing view to paragraph 1 and
follows the same structure regarding evidence / arguments.
4. Conclusion
a. The conclusion gives the opinion of the writer and can also conclude with an
invitation to the reader to reflect on the ideas of the essay/the writer’s opinion.

Class 10
Objective: Describe different types of crimes (p.104-105)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: crime
● Grammar: verbs with to + infinitive and -ing form (2)
--------------
Crime vocabulary

Crime Person Verb

Kidnapping Kidnapper to kidnap

Hacking Hacker to hack

Stalking Stalker to stalk

Vandalism Vandal to vandalize

Identity Theft Identity thief to do identity theft / to

commit
 Bribery Briber to bribe

Counterfeiting Counterfeiter to counterfeit

Mugging mugger to mug

Arson arsonist to commit/ do arson

Shoplifting shoplifter to shoplift

Verbs with to + infinitive and -ing

As we saw the last class we talked about these verbs, some verbs specifically go with one of
these forms. However, there are verbs that can use both, but they change in meaning.

Some verbs make no difference and you can use both freely: like, love, hate, prefer, start,
begin.
 2. to buy
3. to help
4. witnessing
5. doing
6. thinking
7. to take
8. to become
9. writing
10. to inform
11. studying
12. hiding

Class 11
Objective: Describing scams and their procedures (p. 107-108)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: types of scams and synonyms
● Grammar: Past modals of deduction
-------
Past modals of deduction
When we are making hypothesis in the present, deducing information about a
specific event, we use modal verbs like must, could, mustn’t and couldn’t. However, we can
also use these verbs along with others to deduce information from the past.

If you are certain that something happened

● Must have + vb. in past participle
If you have doubts, or think something possibly happened
● Could, might, may + have + vb. in past participle
If you are certain that something didn’t happen
● Can’t, couldn’t + have + vb. in past participle.
Activity in progress
● They must have been playing a recording of a real call center
Passive voice
● My bag must have been taken while I was taking the photo.

Page 145
 2. He couldn’t have heard you.
3. the thieves may have got in through the
window
4. I couldn’t have saved the document
5. that must have hurt a lot
6. her plane may have been delayed
7. I must have made a mistake
8. she couldn’t have been trying hard
enough

1. must have cost

2. may have switched off
3. must have worked
4. might have thought
5. can’t have looked properly
6. must have been told´´´

Class 12
Objective: Describing your favorite movies (p. 116-117)
Topics:
● Vocabulary: adjectives for films
● Grammar: defining, non defining relative clauses
Defining relative clauses
A sentence inside another sentence, which gives essential information about the main
subject.
● The Shawshank Redemption is a prison movie. It goes beyond the violence
seen in films like that.
○ The Shawshank Redemption is a prison movie which/ that goes
beyond….
● When we use defining relative clauses, we can use who,which, where or that. We
can use that to replace who or which, but it’s less formal.
● You can’t replace where for that.
○ It’s the place where I met my girlfriend
○ It’s the place that I met my girlfriend
○ He’s the man who recovered my phone

Non-defining relative clauses

A sentence inside another sentence, which gives non essential information about the main
subject.
● The Shawshank Redemption is a prison movie. It was released in 1994. It
goes beyond the violence seen in films like that.
○ The Shawshank Redemption, which was released in 1994, is a
prison movie which goes beyond the …
● You can’t use “that” in non defining relative clauses.
● They are written between commas.
● In this case, you can use who,where, which, when, whose
 ○ Whose is used for possessions
■ We need the owner and the thing it owns together
● The teacher, whose apartment is in Santiago, arrived late to
the university.

Remember:
● Prepositions can go at the end of the sentence or before the relative pronoun. If you
put them before the relative pronoun, it’s more formal.

1. The man, who is marrying

Suzanne, is very lucky
2. The house where I used
to live burnt down
yesterday
3. P. Picasso, whose father
was also an artist,
spent…
4. The moment that I
realised I wanted to be an
actor was the most…
5. The holiday which I
enjoyed the most was in
Canada
6. U. Bolt, who won 6 …, is
global superstar
7. When I was a student, I
lived with a guy whose
hobby was …
8. This is the sort of
occasion when you
should make a speech.

Class 13
Objective: Answer popular culture questions (p.119-120)
Topics:
● Grammar: participle clauses
—
Participle Clauses
Participle clauses have the same function as relative clauses: to give extra information
(defining or non defining) about a specific subject, however, its idea is to reduce the amount
of words in these sentences.

Regarding its structure, we don’t care if the subject is a thing, person, place or time. Instead,
we will only focus on the verbs: if they are active or passive verbs.
● When the sentence has an active verb, we use the present participle (verb in -ing)
to make the participle clause.
○ The man who played pool was also smoking. (Defining relative clause)
○ The man playing pool was also smoking (Participle clause)
● When the sentence has a passive verb, we use the past participle (verb in -ed /
irregular) to make the participle clause.
○ The man, who was sentenced to 40 years in jail, trains in the gym every day.
(Non defining relative clause)
○ The man sentenced to 40 years in jail trains in the gym every day. (participle
clause)
 1. People taking photos should ask…
2. Films based on books are…
3. It’s great to see rock stars still
playing concerts in their 60s
4. architecture designed in the 60s is
generally quite ugly…
5. photos of people posing for the
camera don’t work…
6. film and tv stars appearing at the
theatre
7. jokes involving racial…
8. photographers using software to
enhance….

Monday 13th
14:00 Gustavo Manríquez , Loreto Figueroa y José Farías
14:20 Ignacia Virán, Vicente Figueroa
14:40 Rachel Schoihet - Agustín Venturelli
15:10 Gonzalo Aguilar, Bruno Camus, Kamila Cruz
Wednesday 15th
14:00 Karla Ponce - Brayan Gonzales- César Olguin
14:20 Diego Cisternas - Clemente Seguel - Carolina Laferte
14:40 Vicente Urrutia, Catalina Gomez, Jose Jouanne