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Abstract
Abstract English version, written using Time New Roman-11, italic. Abstract contains
research aim/purpose, method, and research results; written in 1 paragraph, single space among
rows, using past tense sentences. Abstract English version, written using Time New Roman-11,
italic. Abstract contains research aim/purpose, method, and research results; written in 1
paragraph, single space among rows, using past tense sentences. Abstract English version, written
using Time New Roman-11, italic. Abstract contains research aim/purpose, method, and research
results; written in 1 paragraph, single space among rows, using past tense sentences. Abstract
English version, written using Time New Roman-11, italic. Abstract contains research
aim/purpose, method, and research results; written in 1 paragraph, single space among rows, using
past tense sentences. Abstract English version, written using Time New Roman-11, italic.
Abstract contains research aim/purpose, method, and research results; written in 1 paragraph,
single space among rows, using past tense sentences. Abstract English version, written using Time
New Roman-11, italic. Abstract contains research aim/purpose, method, and research results;
written in 1 paragraph, single space among rows, using past tense sentences. Abstract English
version, written using Time New Roman-11, italic.
Keywords: one or more word(s) or phrase(s) that it’s important specific or representative for the
article
A. INTRODUCTION (10%)
Introduction contains background, rational, and / or urgency of research. Research
theory (relevant literature or research), needs to be included in this section, its relationship
with justification of research urgency, the emergence of research problems, alternative
solutions, and solutions selected. How to write sources in the text need to clearly indicate
the name of the author and source citation, in the form of the year of publication and the
page where the manuscript is located. An example is: ........ research results show that
more than 70% of students have an interest in IT-based learning (Alvons, 2015: 6).
Sub-subtitles should not be noted but are written in lower case letters starting with
capital letters, unbold TNR-12, left aligned. (Note: Sub-sections may differ depending on
the type or approach of the study used. If procedures or measures are of a sequential
nature, notations (numbers or letters) may be provided according to their position).
The results in the form of pictures, or data made of drawings / schemes / graphs /
diagrams / the like, the presentation also follows the existing rules; the title or name of
the image is placed under the image, from the left, and spaced 1 space from the image.
When more than 1 line, the lines are given a single space. For example, it can be seen in
Figure 1.
Picture 1. Memunculkan Logo Journal AL Lisan
Discussion
The discussion should explore the significance of the results of the work, not repeat
them. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. Avoid extensive
citations and discussion of published literature. In discussion, it is the most important
section of your article. Here you get the chance to sell your data. Make the discussion
corresponding to the results, but do not reiterate the results. Often should begin with a
brief summary of the main scientific findings (not experimental results). The following
components should be covered in discussion: How do your results relate to the original
question or objectives outlined in the Introduction section (what)? Do you provide
interpretation scientifically for each of your results or findings presented (why)? Are your
results consistent with what other investigators have reported (what else)? Or are there
any differences.
D. CONCLUSION (5%)
Conclusions should answer the objectives of research. Tells how your work advances
the field from the present state of knowledge. Without clear Conclusions, reviewers and
readers will find it difficult to judge the work, and whether or not it merits publication in
the journal. Do not repeat the Abstract, or just list experimental results. Provide a clear
scientific justification for your work, and indicate possible applications and extensions.
You should also suggest future experiments and/or point out those that are underway.
REFERENCES
Cite the main scientific publications on which your work is based. Cite only items that
you have read. Do not inflate the manuscript with too many references. Avoid excessive
self-citations. Avoid excessive citations of publications from the same region. Check each
reference against the original source (authors' name, volume, issue, year, DOI Number).
Every source cited in the body of the article should appear in the reference, and all sources
appearing in the reference should be cited in the body of the article.
The sources cited should at least 80% come from those published in the last 10 years. The
sources cited are primary sources in the forms of journal articles, books, and research
reports, including theses and dissertations. Citations from journal should be at least 80%
of the total references cited. Quotation and references follow APA style and the latter
should be included at the end of the article in the following examples:
Buku:
Anderson, D.W., Vault, V.D & Dickson, C.E. (1999) .Problems dan Prospects for the Decades
Ahead:Competency Based Teacher Education. Berkeley: McCutchan Publishing Co.
Dokumen resmi:
Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. (1978). Pedoman Penulisan Laporan Penelitian.
Jakarta: Depdikbud. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 tentang Sistem
Pendidikan nasional. Jakarta: PT Armas Duta Jaya.
Buku terjemahan:
Ary, D., Jacobs, L.C. & Razavieh, A. 1976. Pengantar Penelitian Pendidikan. Terjemahan oleh
Arif Furchan. Surabaya: Usaha Nasional, 1982.