ETHICS

DESCRIPTION of ethics
A branch of moral philosophy deals
with the institution of ethics
reasoning in the execution of
human conduct.
An application of a moral code of
conduct and good behavior in the
field of professional endeavor

NATURE OF ETHICS
An act of professionalism a person carries
his/her obligations and responsibilities
The relationship with The Almighty Being

Definition of ethics
Derived from the Ancient Greek word "ethos" meaning
"theory of thing" or "way of living"
Derived from the old French word "ethique"; late Latin "ethica"
meaning "of or for morals, moral, or expressing character"
and modern Latin "mores" means "customs".

Ethics examines and investigates the

justification of long-term moral
judgements.
Defines how an individual interact with one
another in a society with norms and values

Ethics encompasses the analysis

and institution of moral concepts
such as right or wrong, good or evil,
and responsibility or abandonment.

Ethics is considered as the

fundamental concept of decency
of human conduct.

Ethics may also mean "morality", it connotes

the existence of real-world beliefs and
practices about proper human conduct; refer to
any behavior or practice common to all groups
Ethics refers as the standard behavior or
conduct in a particular place

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 NATURE and
SCOPE of ETHICS
Covers the concepts and principles of
defending, systematizing, remodeling, and
interconnecting the implications of right and
wrong deeds

Concept of Defending
Encompasses the principle of placing justice for the
things done and services rendered.

Concept of Systematizing
Deals with the manner or ways of putting actions in
the proper order

Concept of Remodeling
Entails the process of reshaping the sphere of goodness
and righteousness

Concept of Interconnecting
The process of internalizing the action done and
relating it to a future action

Ethics is a philosophy
It touches the principles of righteousness and goodness;
includes the code of ethics

Ethics is a science
It aimed at attaining a systematized knowledge and experience

Ethics is NOT an art

It does not teach an individual how to live a moral life but justifies the
righness or goodness of life called "summum bonum of human life"

Ethics has reference to free human acts

With emphasis on the principle or cause of action and circumstances
of actions, and enquires constitutes virtues

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 Components and
types of ethics
Several components interacting
with one another are considered
to carry out the purpose of ethics
as a normative science and moral
philosophy
Components General types
of ethics of ethics

RULES
Set of laws or orders that may
penalize wrongdoing; e.g. policies

META-ETHICS
Use of ethical reasons for the things or
events that have happened or have
been happening as the will of the
STANDARDS Almighty God.
Meaning: ethics far beyond the physical
Individual or society may set certain
standards that the individual or group of world, the rule of power and the will of
individuals or community should observe; Almighty God over human reasoning.
e.g. social policies Involves two issues: 1. Metaphysical
issue answering the question of
whether morality is supreme over
humans. 2. Physiological issue
disclosing the basis of mental
PRINCIPLES judgement over human conduct.
Evaluated against a standard rule,

known as "principle of moral system";

e.g. no same-sex marriage policy

JUDGEMENT
The product of learned codes of conduct
and the cognitive evaluation of each
situation; e.g. determine whether or not an
act or omission constitutes robbery
APPLIED ETHICS
A branch of ethics that refers to
the analysis of moral issues such
as abortion, animal rights, and
euthanasia

COMMON SENSE
A practical application of what the conscious
mind dictates whether or not the action is right
or wrong; product of cognitive, practical, and
critical thinking

Normative Ethics
Implies the institution of moral
conduct in regulating what is
VALUES

right or wrong: Golden rule-
Came from the Latin
word "valere" meaning
"having worth or being worthy"; an abstract
virtue theory, duty theory, and
object of interest or worth; e.g. happiness, consequentialist theory
love, affection, sincerity, and fortitude

PUBLIC INTEREST
Manifests when an action has been done and
executed in congruency with public welfare;
e.g. drug addiction

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

APPROACHES TO
ETHICS

Descriptive ethics Virtue Approach

Otherwise known as comparative
Moral behavior by Plato and
ethics, is a value-free approach that
Aristotle as "what a moral or
attempts to examine the ethics from
virtuous person does"; the term
the perspective of pure observation
"virtuous person" refers to a
or choice; the study of peoples
person having the sense of right or
beliefs about the morality and
wrong; One who acts right because
implies the existence of theories of
he or she is just that sort of
values and not basically of what has
person.
been prescribed.

DEONTOLOGICAL
(DUTY) APPROACH
Denotes duty on the part of the
agent or doer of the action; term
"deontology" derived from the Greek
word "deon(t)" meaning "bind"; Two
essential principles- religious
(revelations from God and advice
from religious leaders) and Kantian
ethics (formulated by Immanuel
Kant; derived from rational analysis)
CONSEQUENTIALIST
ETHICS
Otherwise known as teleological
ethics, based on the premise that if
the outcomes are good, then the
related actions can be good
regardless of the motive of the actor;
Philosopher John Stuart Mill
mentioned that public policy should
be judged on the outcomes;

APPLIED
ETHICS
Considered as the most important ethical approach due to its broad
application.
ETHICS IN MEDICINE
The use of moral values and judgements in medical practice, esp. in
handling patients and inter-relationships with other health workers;
HIPPROCRATIC OATH
ETHICS IN PHYSIOLOGY
Moral behavior is reshaped by moral reasoning through the
formulation of theories; e.g. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
(Abraham Maslow); includes self-actualization

ETHICS IN HEALTH CARE

Commonly practice by health workers; ethical issues- abortion,
euthanasia, nuclear research, stem cell therapy and vaccine clinical
trials
ETHICS IN POLITICS AND ECONOMICS
Pertains to business ethics and Marxist principles; evident among
employers and corporate workers (sensitivity to employees' status
and circumstances)
ETHICS IN ENVIRONMENT
Deals with how human utilize the Earth's limited resources

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
Applies to the workforce and professionals;

e.g. medical technologist are guided by

Medical Technology Code of Ethics

PRINCIPLES OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

Every individual or group of individuals

acting in its own capacity usually

carries the burden of ethical

responsibility; emanates from the moral

reflection of professional endeavors

enveloped in a code of ethics.

IMPARTIALITY and OBJECTIVITY

"Whatever a medical technologist has examined must
be verified and released"

OPENNESS AND DISCLOSURE

can be seen in any of the following
instances:

1 2 3 4 5 6

Infectious Reporting
HIV Treatment
Duty to Disclosure
disease of
testing and
warn of
infectious
testing
record
diseases infectious
keeping
diseases

DUE DILIGENCE
Every lab examination must
be carried out with due
care and diligence

CONFIDENTIALITY
The release of medical

records( HIV and Drug use),

limits the ability of persons to

testify in court

FIDELITY TO PROFESSIONAL

RESPONSIBILTIES
Dedication to work and fidelity or loyalty to

responsibilities

RELIABILITY AT WORK
Lab results must be

treated with accuracy

and reliability
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
Deals with the practice of one's

profession and the ethics of

AVOIDANCE OF

professions or ethics of work CONFLICT OF INTEREST

Should avoid conflicts of interest

involving one's own personal

APPLIED ETHICS desires or wants

Focused on the particular

endeavor and ethics prevailing in

both professional and non-

professional works

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 CODE OF ETHICS OF
THE MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY
PROFESSION
PRINCIPLES AND RULES:

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
ETHICS 1
1
A registered medical
technologist must accept
the responsibility of
upholding the law in line
with the profession

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
2 ETHICS 2

A registered medical
technologist must work
harmoniously with other
health workers

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
ETHICS 3 3
A registered medical
technologist must adapt
the ethical value of
fairness with fellow
medical technologist in
the delivery of laboratory
services

4 PRINCIPALE OF CODE
OF ETHICS 4
A registered medical
technologist must have
full confidence in showing
competency in laboratory
work

5
PRINCIPALE CODE OF
ETHICS 5
A registered medical
technologist must share
knowledge and contribution
in professional
organizations and in the
field of scientific research.

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 CODE OF ETHICS OF
MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY
PROFESSION
PRINCIPLES AND RULES:

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
ETHICS 6 6
A registered medical
technologist must honor
his/her responsibilities to the
professions and relationships
with colleagues, students, and
members of other professions
and disciplines

7 PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
ETHICS 7

A registered medical technologist

must take his/her responsibility to
hold paramount the welfare pf
persons he/she serves
professionally or who are
participants in research and
scholarly activities, and he/she shall
treat animals involved in research in
a humans manner

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
ETHICS 8 8
A registered medical
technologist must honor
the dignity of the
professions and
professional oragnization

PRINCIPLE OF CODE OF
9 ETHICS 9
A registered medical
technologist must
maintain professionalism
all the time

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT

 CODE OF ETHICS
As I enter into the practice of Medical Technology, i shall:

Accept the responsibility

inherent to being a
professional

Uphold the law shall not

participate in illegal work

Act in a strict spirit of fairness

to all and in a spirit of
brotherhood towards other
member of profession

Accept employment from

more than one employer
only when there is no conflict
of interest

Perform my task with full

confidence, absolute
reliability and accuracy

Share my knowledge and

expertise to my colleagues

Contribute to the advancement

of the professional organization
and other allied health
organization

Restrict my praises, criticisms,

views and opinions within
contractive limits

Treat any information I

acquired in the course of my
work as strictly confidential

Uphod the dignity and respect

of my profession and conduct
myself a reputation of
reliability, honesty and integrity

Be dedicated to the use of

clinical laboratory science to
promote life and benefit
mankind

Report any violations of above

principles of the professional
conduct to authorized agency
and to the ethics committee of
the organization
To these principles, I hereby
subscribe and pledge to
conduct myself at all times in
manner befitting the difnity of
my profession.

BEVERLY B. CADIENTE, RMT