Experiment No. 1.

Student Name: Goutam Kumar Choudhary UID: 21BCS10858

Branch: CSE Section/Group: 421 A
Semester: 2nd Date of Performance: 5 March 2022
Subject Name: BEEE Subject Code: 21ELH-101

1. Aim:

To study voltage-current relationship in an R-L series circuit and to determine the

power factor of the circuit.

2. Apparatus:
3. Circuit Diagram:

4. THEORY:

An AC series circuit consisting of a resistor and an inductor is shown in Fig.1 I is the

current flowing through the resistor and the inductor. The voltage drop across the resistor
and the inductor is VR and VL respectively. The phasor sum of these two voltages will be
equal to the applied voltage V. In a resistive circuit the voltage and current are in phase.
In a pure inductive circuit the current lags the voltage by 90 degrees.

4. Steps for experiment:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure above.

2. Vary the 1-ö AC supply voltage with the help of 1-ö variac.

3. Switch on the resistive load by switching various lamps in resistive lamp bank and
vary the tappings of choke coil.

4. Take readings of Vs, I, VL, VR and P.

5. Increase resistive and inductive load by switching and repeat the procedure as stated
in steps 1 to 4.

6. Take at least 3 set of readings and record the readings in table.

7. Calculate impedance of circuit, impedance of coil, internal resistance of coil,

inductive reactance of coil, inductance of coil and power factor from readings.

5. Observations/Discussions:

S Supply Voltage Resistance Inductance Voltage Current Power Power

No. voltage across R(ohm) I(H) across I P(W) factor
(vs) (v) resistor the coil (A) cos ϕ
VR (V) VI (V)
1. 50 0.0398 5 10 49.96 0.0080 0.0013 0.00159
2. 100 7.93 50 1 92.07 0.1590 1.26 0.0793
3. 100 6.35 100 2.5 93.65 0.0635 0.404 0.0636

6. Calculations/Theorems /Formulas used etc

CASE I

Supply voltage= 50V, R= 5Ω, Inductance= 10H

=> Current = 0.0080 A

=> Power factor=cos ϕ= R/Z= 5/√[(5^2)+(6281.4^2)]= 0.0008

=> Power = V*I*cos ϕ= 50*0.0080*0.0008=0.00032W

CASE II

Supply voltage= 100V, R= 50Ω, Inductance= 1H

=> Current = 0.1590 A

=> Power factor=cos ϕ= R/Z= 50/√[(50^2)+(628.3^2)]= 0.0793

=> Power = V*I*cos ϕ= 100*0.159*0.0793=1.26W

CASE III

Supply voltage= 100V, R= 100Ω, Inductance= 5H

=> Current = 0.0635 A

=> Power factor=cos ϕ= R/Z= 100/√[(100^2)+(1570^2)]= 0.0636

=> Power = V*I*cos ϕ= 100*0.0635*0.0636=0.404W

7. PRECAUTIONS:

1. 1-ö variac should be set at zero potential before switching on 1-ö AC supply.

2. Meters of suitable range should be used as shown in Table

3. The current coil (CC) and potential coil (PC) of wattmeter should be shorted
externally.
8. Result/Output/Writing Summary:

At the end we have observed values of voltage, current and power and determine power
factor for each value. The value of power factor must be less than one.

9. Simulation and diagram

Evaluation Grid:

Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks

1. Worksheet completion including writing 10
learning objectives/Outcomes.(To be
submitted at the end of the day).
2. Post Lab Quiz Result. 5
3. Student Engagement in 5
Simulation/Demonstration/Performance
and Controls/Pre-Lab Questions.
Signature of Faculty (with Date): Total Marks Obtained: