DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, GAZIPUR

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Course Title : Electrical machines-II

Course Code :EEE 2302
D M Y D M Y
Date of Allocation: Date of Submission :
23 08 2022 06 09 2022

Experiment No :03
Name of the Experiment : Open circuit and short circuit test of a
single phase transformer.

Submitted By
Md. Al-Amin Islam Sajib
Student ID : 202087
Dep: EEE , Year/Sem: 2/1
Seassion : 2020-21
Allocated Marks Obtained Marks Course Teacher’s Signature
Experiment no:03
Name of The Experiment: Open circuit and short circuit test of a single
phase transformer.
Objective:
(i) To determine the equivalent circuit of a single phase transformer.
(ii) To analyze the operating performance of the transformer under loaded
condition.
Equipments:
Single phase transformer, Wattmeter, Ammeter-2 (0-3A, 0-10A), Voltmeter (0-
250V AC), Variable Transformer.
Circuit Diagram:
Data Table:
Table 1: Open Circuit Test

V1(volts) I1(amps) W1(watts) Zoc= 𝑽𝟏/𝑰𝟏(ohms) cosө=W1/(V1I1)

25 0.56 5.7 44.64 0.4714

Table 2:Short Circuit Test

V1(volts) I1(amps) W1(watts) Zsc= V1/I1 (ohms) cosө=W1/(V1I1)

16.8 1.04 16.5 16.15 0.944

Report: 01
Calculation of full load total loss:

𝑃𝑐𝑢(𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙)= 𝐼22 𝑅𝑒′′ = 102 × 0.1655

= 16.55 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡
𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝑃𝑜𝑐 = 5.7 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢(𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 )

= (5.7 + 16.5)
= 22.2 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡
Calculation of full load total loss:

𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝑃𝑜𝑐 = 5.7 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡

2
𝑃𝑐𝑢(ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑓) 1
= ( ⁄2) × 𝑃𝑐𝑢(𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙)
2
= (1⁄2) × 16.5
= 4.125 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡
Total Loss = 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 + 𝑃𝑐𝑢(ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑓)

= (5.7 + 4.125)
= 9.825 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡

Report: 02
transformers constants:

𝑃𝑜𝑐 = 5.7 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡

𝐼0 = 0.56 𝐴
𝑉0 = 25 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡
𝑃𝑜𝑐 = 𝑉0 𝐼0 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃0
5.7
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃0 =
0.56 × 25
= 0.4.714
𝜃0 = 65.97°
 𝑉0 25
𝑅𝐻.𝐸 = =
𝐼0 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃0 0.56 × 𝐶𝑜𝑠65.97°
= 109.63Ω
𝑉0 25
𝑋𝑀 = =
𝐼0 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃𝜊 0.56 × 𝑆𝑖𝑛65.97°
= 48.88𝛺

𝐼𝐻.𝐸 = 𝐼0 𝐶𝑜𝑠0 = 0.56𝐶𝑜𝑠65.97

= 0.228 A
𝐼𝑀 = 𝐼0 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃0 = 0.56 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃65.97
= 0.5114 𝐴

Review questions Answer:

1. What are the values of core loss and cupper loss of the transformer
under test?
Ans: The values of core loss is 5.7 Watt
and The value of cupper loss is 16.55 Watt

2.Why open-circuit test is performed on the high-voltage side

whereas short-circuit on the low-voltage side?
Ans: In open circuit test HV is open, LV is connected to supply meters
also connect to low voltage side. high range voltmeters is not easy and
available ,conductnig test on LV or HV we get same result.But, we need
to conduct on LV side and make experiment easier. In short circuit test
LV is short circiuted HV is connected to supply,meters also connected to
HV side. sc test is conducted on rated current.HV side current is low so
we can use low range ammeters.conductig test on LV or HV we get same
result.if we condct test on HV we need high rage ammeters that is very
costly. So,open-circuit test is performed on the high-voltage side and
short-circuit on the low-voltage side.

Discussion:
Firstly, we do the open circuit test and the power found there is the core loss and
from there we get the value of no load current and no load voltage. And from the
open circuit we can find out the constants of the transformer. Then we do the short
circuit test, from there the power we get is the copper loss and from there we can
find the value of equivalent resistance and reactance. Finally, I calculate the full
load total loss and half load total loss from my open circuit and short circuit.